D . Naji Nee ka il Kunnapally e al. Ul asonog aphic Examina ion o In e io Vena Ca a Collapsibili y Index, In e io
Vena Ca a Diame e e sus Di ec Measu emen o Cen al Venous P essu e o In a ascula Fluid S a us Assessmen .
In . J Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 211‐213, 2025
211
In e na ional Jou nal o Medical
and Pha maceu ical Resea ch
Online ISSN-2958-3683 | P in ISSN-2958-3675
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O iginal A icle
Ul asonog aphic Examina ion o In e io Vena Ca a Collapsibili y Index,
In e io Vena Ca a Diame e e sus Di ec Measu emen o Cen al Venous
P essu e o In a ascula Fluid S a us Assessmen
D . Naji Nee ka il Kunnapally1, D . Anju Ma iam Jacob2, D . Sa hya a hy K3, D . Me in Ma y James4, Anush ee P
Udayan5
1 Assis an P o esso , Depa men o Anes hesiology, PK Das Ins i u e o Medical Sciences, Palakkad, Ke ala, India
2 P o esso , Depa men o Eme gency Medicine, Go e nmen Medical College, Thi u anan hapu am, Ke ala, India
3 Assis an P o esso , Depa men o Anes hesiology, Maha ma Gandhi Medical college and esea ch Ins i u e, Puduche y
4 Assis an P o esso , Depa men o Anes hesiology, Al Azha Medical College, Thodupuzha, Ke ala
5 Senio esiden , Depa men o Anes hesiology, Go e nmen medical college, Th issu
A B S T R A C T
Co esponding Au ho :
D . Naji Nee ka il
Kunnapally
Assis an P o esso , Depa men
o Anes hesiology, PK Das
Ins i u e o Medical Sciences,
Palakkad, Ke ala, India.
Recei ed: 14-10-2025
Accep ed: 29-10-2025
A ailable online: 12-11-2025
Backg ound and Objec i es: Rapid and accu a e assessmen o in a ascula luid
s a us is c i ical in pos ope a i e and c i ically ill pa ien s. Cen al enous p essu e
(CVP) moni o ing is in asi e and associa ed wi h complica ions. Ul asonog aphic
assessmen o in e io ena ca a (IVC) diame e and collapsibili y index (IVC-CI)
p o ides a po en ial nonin asi e al e na i e. This s udy aimed o de e mine he
co ela ion be ween IVC diame e and CVP, and be ween IVC-CI and CVP.
Me hods: A c oss-sec ional s udy was conduc ed in 30 mechanically en ila ed
pos ope a i e ICU pa ien s wi h a CVP ca he e in si u. IVC diame e s we e
measu ed using ul asound, collapsibili y index was calcula ed, and CVP was
measu ed by manome e . Co ela ions we e analyzed using Spea man’s es .
Resul s: Mean CVP was 10.97 ± 1.79 cm H2O. Mean maximum IVC diame e was
1.24 ± 0.16 cm, minimum diame e 1.06 ± 0.15 cm, and collapsibili y index 0.14 ±
0.04. The e was a s ong posi i e co ela ion be ween CVP and maximum IVC
diame e ( = 0.896, p < 0.001). A negligible, nonsigni ican nega i e co ela ion
was ound be ween CVP and IVC-CI ( = -0.119, p = 0.532).
Conclusion: Maximum IVC diame e showed a s ong co ela ion wi h CVP and
may se e as a eliable nonin asi e su oga e o assessing luid s a us. IVC
collapsibili y index showed poo co ela ion wi h CVP.
Copy igh © In e na ional Jou nal o
Medical and Pha maceu ical Resea ch
Keywo ds: In e io ena ca a; collapsibili y index; ul asonog aphy; cen al
enous p essu e; in a ascula olume s a us.
INTRODUCTION
Accu a e assessmen o in a ascula olume is essen ial in c i ically ill and pos ope a i e pa ien s. Al hough CVP is
widely used, i is in asi e and associa ed wi h complica ions such as pneumo ho ax and ca he e - ela ed in ec ions.
Ul asound measu emen o IVC diame e and collapsibili y index p o ides a apid, bedside, nonin asi e al e na i e.
This s udy e alua ed he co ela ion be ween IVC-de i ed indices and di ec ly measu ed CVP in pos ope a i e ICU
pa ien s.
METHODS
S udy design and se ing: A c oss-sec ional s udy was conduc ed in he pos ope a i e ICU.
Pa icipan s: Thi y adul pa ien s (18–80 yea s) who we e mechanically en ila ed and had a CVP ca he e in si u we e
included. Exclusion c i e ia: spon aneous b ea hing, pulmona y hype ension, se e e icuspid egu gi a ion, deep ein
h ombosis, p egnancy, igh -sided pneumo ho ax, o cen al line ia subcla ian/ emo al ou e.
D . Naji Nee ka il Kunnapally e al. Ul asonog aphic Examina ion o In e io Vena Ca a Collapsibili y Index, In e io
Vena Ca a Diame e e sus Di ec Measu emen o Cen al Venous P essu e o In a ascula Fluid S a us Assessmen .
In . J Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 211‐213, 2025
212
Measu emen s: IVC diame e s we e measu ed using a Mind ay Z6 ul asound sys em wi h a cu ilinea p obe in he
subxiphoid long-axis iew. Maximum (end-expi a o y) and minimum (end-inspi a o y) diame e s we e eco ded.
Collapsibili y index was calcula ed as (IVCmax − IVCmin) / IVCmax. CVP was measu ed using a saline manome e
ze oed a he le el o he igh a ium. S a is ical analysis was pe o med using SPSS 26. Bi a ia e Spea man co ela ion
was used o non-no mally dis ibu ed da a. Signi icance was se a p < 0.05.
E hical conside a ions: The s udy was app o ed by he Ins i u ional E hics Commi ee and in o med consen was
ob ained om pa ien s o hei ca egi e s.
RESULTS
Baseline cha ac e is ics and main hemodynamic/IVC measu emen s a e p esen ed in Tables 2 and 3. Co ela ion esul s
a e shown in Tables 4 and 5. Figu es 1 and 2 illus a e he CVP–IVC ela ionships.
Table 1. Dis ibu ion o age among s udy subjec s (N = 30)
Pa ame e
Mean ± SD
Minimum
Maximum
Age (yea s)
61.50 ± 7.87
49
75
Table 2. Dis ibu ion o mean and SD o CVP and IVC pa ame e s (N = 30)
Pa ame e
Mean ± SD
Minimum
Maximum
CVP (cm H2O)
10.97 ± 1.79
8
14
Max IVC diame e (cm)
1.24 ± 0.16
1.04
1.55
Min IVC diame e (cm)
1.06 ± 0.15
0.85
1.37
Collapsibili y index
0.14 ± 0.04
0.078
0.228
Table 3. Co ela ion be ween CVP and maximum IVC diame e (N = 30)
Co ela ion
Coe icien ( )
p- alue
CVP s Max IVC diame e
0.896
<0.001
*Signi ican co ela ion (Spea man).
Table 4. Co ela ion be ween CVP and IVC collapsibili y index (N = 30)
Co ela ion
Coe icien ( )
p- alue
CVP s Collapsibili y index
-0.119
0.532
No s a is ically signi ican .
Figu es
Figu e 1. Co ela ion be ween CVP and maximum IVC diame e (signi ican posi i e co ela ion)
D . Naji Nee ka il Kunnapally e al. Ul asonog aphic Examina ion o In e io Vena Ca a Collapsibili y Index, In e io
Vena Ca a Diame e e sus Di ec Measu emen o Cen al Venous P essu e o In a ascula Fluid S a us Assessmen .
In . J Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 211‐213, 2025
213
Figu e 2. Co ela ion be ween CVP and IVC collapsibili y index (non-signi ican co ela ion)
DISCUSSION
In his s udy, maximum IVC diame e had a s ong posi i e co ela ion wi h CVP, sugges ing i may be used as a eliable
nonin asi e ma ke o in a ascula olume s a us. IVC collapsibili y index showed poo co ela ion wi h CVP in his
coho . These esul s align wi h se e al p io s udies demons a ing a iable pe o mance o IVC-de i ed indices
depending on pa ien popula ion and en ila ion se ings. Limi a ions include single-cen e design, ela i ely small
sample size, and lack o p eope a i e luid s a us s a i ica ion. Fu u e s udies should e alua e diagnos ic accu acy agains
a gold s anda d in la ge coho s.
CONCLUSION
Maximum IVC diame e measu ed by ul asonog aphy co ela es s ongly wi h CVP and may se e as a nonin asi e
al e na i e o assessing in a ascula luid s a us. Collapsibili y index did no show signi ican co ela ion in his sample.
Acknowledgmen s: We hank he Depa men o Anes hesiology, o hei suppo .
Con lic o In e es : None decla ed.
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