D Nupu Aga wal e al. E alua ion o Pos -Ope a i e So e Th oa Using S anda d Ve sus Smalle Sized Cu ed
Endo acheal Tubes in Pa ien s Unde going Lapa oscopic Su ge ies. In . J Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 368-373, 2025
368
In e na ional Jou nal o Medical
and Pha maceu ical Resea ch
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O iginal A icle
E alua ion o Pos -Ope a i e So e Th oa Using S anda d Ve sus Smalle
Sized Cu ed Endo acheal Tubes in Pa ien s Unde going Lapa oscopic
Su ge ies
D Nupu Aga wal1, D P iyam ada Gup a2, D Khayyam Moin3, D Isha Bija nia3
1 Senio Residen , Depa men o Anes hesia and C i ical Ca e, Maha ma Gandhi Medical College and Hospi al Jaipu .
2 P o esso , Depa men o Anes hesia and C i ical Ca e, Maha ma Gandhi Medical College and Hospi al Jaipu .
3 P o esso , Depa men o Anes hesia and C i ical Ca e, Maha ma Gandhi Medical College and Hospi al Jaipu .
4 Assis an P o esso , Depa men o Anes hesia and C i ical Ca e, Maha ma Gandhi Medical College and Hospi al Jaipu .
A B S T R A C T
Co esponding Au ho :
D Isha Bija nia
Assis an P o esso , Depa men
o Anes hesia and C i ical Ca e,
Maha ma Gandhi Medical College
and Hospi al Jaipu .
Recei ed: 17-09-2025
Accep ed: 05-10-2025
A ailable online: 16-11-2025
Backg ound: We e alua ed he incidence and assessed he se e i y o pos -
ope a i e so e h oa wi h s anda d e sus smalle sized cu ed endo acheal ubes
in pa ien s unde going lapa oscopic su ge ies.
Me hod: To al 200 pa ien s unde going lapa oscopic su ge y we e alloca ed in wo
g oups; G oup A: s anda d sized endo acheal ubes used i.e. 8.5mm o male and
7.5mm o emale pa ien s. G oup B: smalle sized endo acheal ubes used i.e.
7.5mm o male and 6.5mm o emale pa ien s. The endo acheal in uba ion was
pe o med wi h high- olume, low-p essu e cu ed o al endo acheal ube. A
manome e was connec ed o he pilo balloon and he cu p essu e was moni o ed.
Du ing in aope a i e pe iod, hemodynamic and espi a o y a iables we e
eco ded a equen in e als. In he pos ope a i e
pe iod, coughing, so e h oa and hoa seness o oice we e eco ded immedia ely
a e emo al o endo acheal ube and he ea e a 1h , 6h ,12h and 24h s.
Resul : Demog aphic a iables we e compa able (p > 0.05). The incidence and
se e i y o pos ope a i e so e h oa was g ea e in G oup A a all poin s o ime
(p<0.05). The incidence and se e i y o hoa seness was g ea e in G oup A a all
poin s o ime (p< 0.05). The e was no signi ican di e ence in incidence and
se e i y o coughing(p>0.05).
Conclusion: This s udy highligh ed he c i ical ole o he size o endo acheal ube
in he de elopmen o pos ope a i e la yngo acheal mo bidi y in he o m o so e
h oa , hoa seness and coughing in pa ien s unde going lapa oscopic su ge ies. A
de ailed compa ison be ween he use o s anda d-sized and smalle - sized cu ed
endo acheal ubes demons a ed ha pa ien s in uba ed wi h smalle -sized cu ed
endo acheal ubes expe ienced a lowe incidence and educed se e i y o
pos ope a i e so e h oa and hoa seness o oice.
Copy igh © In e na ional Jou nal o
Medical and Pha maceu ical Resea ch
Keywo ds: Pos ope a i e so e h oa , endo acheal ube size, lapa oscopic
su ge y, hoa seness, cu p essu e, ai way mo bidi y, in uba ion complica ions.
INTRODUCTION
Endo acheal ubes a e commonly inse ed in pa ien s unde going any su gical p ocedu e unde gene al anes hesia.
Endo acheal ube cu s c ea e mechanical ba ie be ween achea wall and ube, he eby p e en ing ai leakage and also
educing he isk o aspi a ion [1]. Coughing and so e h oa a e common conside a ions a e gene al anes hesia. The
incidence o pain ul so e h oa ollowing emo al o endo acheal ube has been epo ed as 21-74%[2]. The p oblem is
compounded i associa ed wi h hoa seness o oice and i i a ing cough. Fac o s ha de e mine he incidence o pos
ope a i e so e h oa mainly includes size o he endo acheal ube, cu design and in a-cu p essu e. The op imal alues
o endo acheal ube cu p essu es is be ween 20 and 30 cm wa e [3]. The high in a-cu p essu e esul s in i i a ion o
achea, which esul s in la yngo acheal mo bidi y. Ai is used o in la ing endo acheal cu ed ube while ni ous oxide
D Nupu Aga wal e al. E alua ion o Pos -Ope a i e So e Th oa Using S anda d Ve sus Smalle Sized Cu ed
Endo acheal Tubes in Pa ien s Unde going Lapa oscopic Su ge ies. In . J Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 368-373, 2025
369
is used o main aining anes hesia along wi h ola ile anes he ic agen s, di use in o he ai in e ace o cu esul ing in
inc eased olume and p essu e inside he ai illed cu . High endo acheal cu p essu es a e equen ly obse ed du ing
ni ous oxide anes hesia. Since Ni ous oxide is 35 imes mo e soluble in blood han ni ogen, i inc eases olume and
p essu e o he cu by di using easily om he blood in o ai gaps [4]. Many o he ac o s ha can cause pos ope a i e
so e h oa , such as unsuccess ul a emp s a endo acheal in uba ion, delayed in uba ion, addi ional delays a e mix o hese
[5]. The e is li le da a a ailable ega ding he ecommended ube sizes o in uba ion in e ms o p e en ion o pos
ope a i e la yngo acheal mo bidi y. Hence he p esen s udy was conduc ed o e alua e incidence and se e i y o pos
ope a i e so e h oa , hoa seness and coughing using s anda d e sus smalle sized cu ed endo acheal ubes in pa ien s
wi h lapa oscopic su ge ies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
I is a andomized, p ospec i e, double blinded compa a i e s udy. The s udy was egis e ed wi h he Clinical T ials
Regis y o India (CTRI/2023/03/050900) and app o ed by he Ins i u ional E hics Commi ee. Pa ien s 18-65 y s age,
ASA g ade I/II, pos ed o lapa oscopic su ge ies in gene al anes hesia we e added in he s udy. An icipa ed di icul
in uba ion, obesi y, uppe espi a o y in ec ion o mo e han one mon h, obs uc i e pulmona y disease was no included
in he s udy. W i en in o med consen was ob ained om he eligible pa icipan s be o e en olling hem in he s udy. To al
200 pa icipan s we e en olled and we e di ided andomly in o wo equal g oups using compu e gene a ed ables. G oup
A: s anda d sized endo acheal ubes used i.e. 8.5mm o male and 7.5mm o emale pa ien s. G oup B: smalle sized
endo acheal ubes used i.e. 7.5mm o male and 6.5mm o emale pa ien s. In a ope a i ely we moni o ed pa icipan s
wi h i e lead elec oca diog am, NIBP, SPO2 and end idal ca bon dioxide concen a ions. Pa ien induced wi h inj.
p opo ol 1-2mg/kg i and inj. en anyl 1-2mcg/kg i while pa icipan s b ea hing 100% oxygen. We acili a ed acheal
in uba ion wi h adequa e neu omuscula blockade using inj. Succinylcholine 2mg/kg i and high- olume low-p essu e cu
poly inyl chlo ide ubes, well lub ica ed wi h 2% xylocaine jelly, was inse ed. We pe o med endo acheal in uba ion
wi h he alloca ed ube as pe he s udy g oup and in la ed he cu wi h 3-5 ml ai su icien o p e en leak while
main aining cu p essu es be ween 20-30 cm H2O. Endo acheal in uba ion was a emp ed by expe ienced anes he is .
Pa ien s equi ing mo e han wo a emp s o >30seconds we e no included in he s udy. Hea Mois u e Exchange il e
was used in all he pa ien s so as o humidi y he inhaled gases and p e en mic obial con amina ion. Tidal olume o 6-8
ml.kg-1, posi i e end-expi a o y p essu e o 5 cmH2O wi h 50% oxygen and ai was deli e ed. We checked endo acheal
ube cu p essu e e e y 30 min and main ained i a ound 20-30 cm H2O. We adjus ed he espi a o y a e o main ain end
idal CO2 pa ial p essu e o 35- 45mm Hg. The in a-abdominal p essu e was main ained a a ound10-14mm Hg. We
eco ded hemodynamic and en ila o a iables a equen ime pe iods in a ope a i ely. A e comple ion o su ge y, we
no ed coughing, pos - ope a i e so e h oa and hoa seness a 0, 1, 6, 12 and 24 hou s a e emo al o endo acheal ube.
The pos ope a i e so e h oa , hoa seness and coughing we e g aded acco ding o he se e i y [6]. The g ading o pos -
ope a i e so e h oa was: None-No so e h oa a any ime since he ope a ion; Minimal-Pa ien answe ed when asked
abou so e h oa ; Mode a e-Pa ien complained on his/he own; Se e e-Pa ien is in ob ious dis ess. Pos -ope a i e cough
was g aded as: Mild - single episode; Mode a e -single episode o unsus ain cough o 5sec; Se e e - sus ained bough o
coughing o >5sec.Pos -ope a i e hoa seness o oice was g aded as: None-no hoa seness o oice ; Mild -no ed by he
pa ien ; Mode a e-ob ious o he obse e ; Se e e- aphonia, pa ien no able o speak. Sample size o 100 subjec s in each
g oup was calcula ed a 95% con idence in e al and 80% powe o he s udy o e i y he expec ed di e ence o 15.4%
(72.7% s 88.1%) o p opo ion o cases wi h no so e h oa a 24 hou s be ween bo h he s udy g oups. The da a we e
abula ed in Mic oso excel and analyzed wi h SPSS V.24(S a is ical Package o Social Sciences) so wa e. Independen
es and chi squa e es we e used o he s a is ical analysis. The p alue ≤0.05 was conside ed s a is ically signi ican .
RESULTS
Table 1: Compa ison o Coughing
Coughing
G oup
P alue
G oup A
G oup B
Immedia e pos -op
No
0
0
1.000
Yes
100
[Mild – 0%
Mode a e – 100% Se e e – 0%]
100
[Mild – 0%
Mode a e – 100% Se e e – 0%]
1 h
No
1
3
0.312
Yes
99
[Mild – 99%
Mode a e – 0%
Se e e – 0%]
97
[Mild – 97%
Mode a e – 0%
Se e e – 0%]
6 h s
No
75
76
0.869
Yes
25
[Mild – 25%
Mode a e – 0%
Se e e – 0%]
24
[Mild – 24%
Mode a e – 0%
Se e e – 0%]
D Nupu Aga wal e al. E alua ion o Pos -Ope a i e So e Th oa Using S anda d Ve sus Smalle Sized Cu ed
Endo acheal Tubes in Pa ien s Unde going Lapa oscopic Su ge ies. In . J Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 368-373, 2025
370
12 h s
No
98
99
0.561
Yes
2
[Mild – 2%
Mode a e – 0%
Se e e – 0%]
1
[Mild – 1%
Mode a e – 0%
Se e e – 0%]
24 h s
No
100
100
1.000
Yes
0
[Mild – 0%
Mode a e – 0%
Se e e – 0%]
0
[Mild – 0%
Mode a e – 0%
Se e e – 0%]
Table 1 compa es he incidence and se e i y o coughing be ween G oup A and G oup B a di e en pos ope a i e ime
in e als (immedia e pos -op, 1 hou , 6 hou s, 12 hou s, and 24 hou s). Immedia ely a e su ge y, all pa ien s in bo h g oups
expe ienced mode a e coughing (100%), wi h no signi ican di e ence (p = 1.000). A 1 hou pos -op, coughing dec eased
sligh ly, wi h 99% o G oup A and 97% o G oup B epo ing mild coughing (p = 0.312). By 6 hou s, a signi ican educ ion
was obse ed, wi h only 25% o G oup A and 24% o G oup B epo ing mild coughing (p = 0.869). A 12 hou s, coughing
u he declined o 2% in G oup A and 1% in G oup B (p = 0.561). By 24 hou s, no pa ien s in ei he g oup epo ed
coughing (p = 1.000). The se e i y o coughing was p edominan ly mild a e he immedia e pos ope a i e pe iod, wi h no
cases o se e e coughing beyond ha poin . S a is ical analysis indica ed no signi ican di e ences be ween he wo g oups
a any ime in e al.
Table 2: Compa ison o So e h oa
So e h oa
G oup
P alue
G oup A
G oup B
Immedia e pos -op
No
55
77
0.001*
Yes
45
[Mild – 23%
Mode a e – 18% Se e e – 4%]
23
[Mild – 10%
Mode a e – 12% Se e e – 1%]
1 h
No
61
80
0.003*
Yes
39
[Mild – 21%
Mode a e – 15% Se e e – 3%]
20
[Mild – 9%
Mode a e – 10% Se e e – 1%]
6 h s
No
67
83
0.009*
Yes
33
[Mild – 20%
Mode a e –10% Se e e – 3%]
17
[Mild – 8%
Mode a e – 8%
Se e e – 1%]
12 h s
No
71
88
0.002*
Yes
29
[Mild – 19%
Mode a e – 8%
Se e e – 2%]
12
[Mild – 6%
Mode a e – 5%
Se e e – 1%]
24 h s
No
74
91
0.001*
Yes
26
[Mild – 18%
Mode a e – 7%
Se e e – 1%]
9
[Mild – 6%
Mode a e – 3%
Se e e – 0%]
Table 2 compa es he incidence and se e i y o pos ope a i e so e h oa be ween G oup A and G oup B a di e en ime
in e als (immedia e pos -op, 1 hou , 6 hou s, 12 hou s, and 24 hou s). Immedia ely a e su ge y, 45% o G oup A epo ed
so e h oa (23% mild, 18% mode a e, 4% se e e), compa ed o only 23% o G oup B (10% mild, 12% mode a e, 1%
se e e), wi h a s a is ically signi ican di e ence (p = 0.001). A 1 hou pos -op, so e h oa pe sis ed in 39% o G oup A
(21% mild, 15% mode a e, 3% se e e) e sus 20% o G oup B (9% mild, 10% mode a e, 1% se e e), emaining signi ican
(p = 0.003). By 6 hou s, he incidence dec eased u he , wi h 33% o G oup A (20% mild, 10% mode a e, 3% se e e) and
17% o G oup B (8% mild, 8% mode a e, 1% se e e) s ill a ec ed (p = 0.009). A 12 hou s, 29% o G oup A (19% mild,
8% mode a e, 2% se e e) and 12% o G oup B (6% mild, 5% mode a e, 1% se e e) epo ed so e h oa (p = 0.002).
Finally, a 24 hou s, 26% o G oup A (18% mild, 7% mode a e, 1% se e e) s ill expe ienced so e h oa , compa ed o only
9% o G oup B (6% mild, 3% mode a e, 0% se e e), wi h a highly signi ican di e ence (p = 0.001).
D Nupu Aga wal e al. E alua ion o Pos -Ope a i e So e Th oa Using S anda d Ve sus Smalle Sized Cu ed
Endo acheal Tubes in Pa ien s Unde going Lapa oscopic Su ge ies. In . J Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 368-373, 2025
371
Table 3: Compa ison o Hoa seness
Hoa seness
G oup
P alue
G oup A
G oup B
Immedia e pos -op
No
49
71
0.001*
Yes
51
[Mild – 28%
Mode a e – 21% Se e e – 2%]
29
[Mild – 15%
Mode a e – 13% Se e e –
1%]
1 h
No
53
72
0.006*
Yes
47
[Mild – 26%
Mode a e – 20% Se e e – 1%]
28
[Mild – 14%
Mode a e – 13% Se e e –
1%]
6 h s
No
59
75
0.016*
Yes
41
[Mild – 28%
Mode a e –13% Se e e – 0%]
25
[Mild – 14%
Mode a e – 11% Se e e –
0%]
12 h s
No
63
80
0.008*
Yes
37
[Mild – 26%
Mode a e – 11% Se e e – 0%]
20
[Mild – 12%
Mode a e – 8%
Se e e – 0%]
24 h s
No
66
83
0.005*
Yes
34
[Mild – 24%
Mode a e – 10% Se e e – 0%]
17
[Mild – 11%
Mode a e – 6%
Se e e – 0%]
Table 3 compa es he incidence and se e i y o pos ope a i e hoa seness be ween G oup A and G oup B a a ious ime
in e als (immedia e pos -op, 1 hou , 6 hou s, 12 hou s, and 24 hou s). Immedia ely a e su ge y, 51% o G oup A
expe ienced hoa seness (28% mild, 21% mode a e, 2% se e e), compa ed o only 29% o G oup B (15% mild, 13%
mode a e, 1% se e e), wi h a s a is ically signi ican di e ence (p = 0.001). A 1 hou pos -op, hoa seness pe sis ed in 47%
o G oup A (26% mild, 20% mode a e, 1% se e e) e sus 28% o G oup B (14% mild, 13% mode a e, 1% se e e),
emaining signi ican (p = 0.006). By 6 hou s, he incidence dec eased o 41% in G oup A (28% mild, 13% mode a e, 0%
se e e) and 25% in G oup B (14% mild, 11% mode a e, 0% se e e), s ill showing a signi ican di e ence (p = 0.016). A
12 hou s, 37% o G oup A (26% mild, 11% mode a e, 0% se e e) and 20% o G oup B (12% mild, 8% mode a e, 0%
se e e) epo ed hoa seness (p = 0.008). Finally, a 24 hou s, 34% o G oup A (24% mild, 10% mode a e, 0% se e e) s ill
had hoa seness, compa ed o only 17% o G oup B (11% mild, 6% mode a e, 0% se e e), wi h a highly signi ican
di e ence (p = 0.005).
Table 4: Demog aphic a iables
S no.
Pa ame e
G oup A
G oup B
P alue
1.
Age (yea s)
42.19±13.15
37.51 ±11.49
0.107
2.
Weigh (kg)
67.01 ± 10.09
66.73± 8.50
0.832
3.
Gende (M/F)
69.7
30.5
0.878
4.
Du a ion (minu es)
95.73 ±38.58
91.20 ±31.07 0.304
0.304
Table 4 p esen s he demog aphic and baseline clinical cha ac e is ics o G oup A and G oup B, showing no signi ican
di e ences be ween he g oups in e ms o age (42.19±13.15 s 37.51±11.49 yea s, p=0.107), weigh (67.01±10.09 s
66.73±8.50 kg, p=0.832), gende dis ibu ion (69.7% male s 30.5% emale, p=0.878), o su gical du a ion (95.73±38.58
s 91.20±31.07 minu es, p=0.304), indica ing ha he g oups we e well-ma ched o hese a iables p io o in e en ion.
This demog aphic simila i y s eng hens he alidi y o compa ing pos ope a i e ou comes be ween he g oups, as obse ed
di e ences in coughing, so e h oa , and hoa seness in p e ious ables a e less likely o be con ounded by hese baseline
cha ac e is ics.
D Nupu Aga wal e al. E alua ion o Pos -Ope a i e So e Th oa Using S anda d Ve sus Smalle Sized Cu ed
Endo acheal Tubes in Pa ien s Unde going Lapa oscopic Su ge ies. In . J Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 368-373, 2025
372
DISCUSSION
Endo acheal ubes a e used o con ol ai way bu causes possible complica ions such as so e h oa , hoa seness, coughing,
pain, s ido e c. which can be p e en ed. Bo h o e and unde in la ion o cu s should be a oided. Endo acheal ube cu
p essu e should no exceed he hyd os a ic p essu e on cu and nega i e p essu e c ea ed du ing inspi a ion. The e o e, i
is ecommended ha endo acheal ube cu p essu e o be kep be ween20 and 30 cmH2O. Hence, we main ained he cu
p essu es a ound 20-30cm H 2O [7]. Medical gases like ni ous oxide used in gene al anes hesia, can di use in o
endo acheal ube cu s and cause ise in cu p essu es, leading o espi a o y complica ions like pos ope a i e so e h oa ,
cough and hoa seness o oice. We a oided he use o ni ous oxide, a he we used ai : oxygen 50:50 concen a ion. Many
s udies which include pha macological agen s like Opioid and non-opioid analgesics, local anes he ic agen s, adju an
analgesics, non-s e oidal an i-in lamma o y d ugs and s e oids a e equen ly used pha macological agen s [8,9]. La ge
sized endo acheal ube exe highe p essu e a mucosal in e ace o ube and lead o g ea e a ea o mucosal auma. S ou
e al [10] showed ha incidence o pos ope a i e so e h oa and hoa seness we e educed by use o smalle ubes (6.5 mm
o women) compa ed wi h la ge ones (8.0 mm o women). We also obse ed simila esul s bu in ou s udy we compa ed
6.5 mm e sus 7.5 mm sized endo acheal ube o women. Ou s udy popula ion also included male subjec s in whom we
compa ed 7.5 mm e sus 8.5 mm sized endo acheal ube. A s udy by Ali S e al s a ed ha ou o o al 110 pa ien s, 47
pa ien s epo ed so e h oa a 24 hou s a e su ge y; whe eas 63 pa ien s did no epo so e h oa [11]. The incidence
was g ea e in endo acheal ube size 7.0 g oup (51%) han endo acheal ube size 6.5 (27.1%). In ou s udy, ou o 200
pa ien s, 33 pa ien s in g oup A we e diagnosed wi h a pos ope a i e so e h oa , whe eas 14 pa ien s in g oup B we e
diagnosed wi h a so e h oa a 24 hou s which was g ea e wi h G oup A (45%) compa ed o G oup B (23%), p<0.001. A
s udy by H. Y. Cho e al wi h 172 pa icipan s s a ed ha a es o no, mild, mode a e o se e e so e h oa 1 h a e su ge y
we e 60, 10, 17 and 1 wi h la ge acheal ubes and 79, 5, 0 and 0 wi h smalle ubes, p < 0.001. The equi alen a es 24 h
a e su ge y we e 64, 16, 8 and 0 s. 74, 6, 3 and 1, p = 0.037. Female gende and La ge ube diame e independen ly
associa ed wi h pos ope a i e so e h oa as emales a e in uba ed wi h igh e i ing ube [12]. Resea che s ha e also
s udied ha cylind ical ube has g ea e incidence o pos ope a i e so e h oa e sus conical ubes. The conical-cu ubes
ha ing a sealing zone whe e ou e diame e o cu is co esponding o inne diame e o he achea when in la ed [13,14].
The lowe pa o he cu is no olded in achea because o i s shape and emains limi ed o uppe pa o he cu . So use
o endo acheal ube wi h conical cu s ha e been ound o po en ially educe pos ope a i e so e h oa and hoa seness as
a esul o smalle cu - acheal con ac a ea. Howe e , we used cylind ical cu ed endo acheal ube which a e ou inely
used e e ywhe e. Y. J. Xu e al s a ed ha , he e we e signi ican di e ence in he se e i y o pos ope a i e so e h oa
be ween ou g oups a all ime poin s (P < 0.001). The pa ien s di ided in o ou g oups: G oup A, size 7.0 wi h saline;
G oup B, size 6.0 wi h saline; G oup C, size 7.0 wi h lidocaine; G oup D, size 6.0 wi h lidocaine. The se e i y o
pos ope a i e so e h oa we e highe in G oup A a all ime poin s (P < 0.05). A 6 h and 24 h a e emo al o endo acheal
ube, G oup D had dec eased se e i y o pos ope a i e so e h oa compa ed wi h G oups A, B and C (P < 0.05). The
incidence o hoa seness we e di e en be ween ou g oups a 6h a e emo al o endo acheal ube (P = 0.03). A 6 h a e
emo al o endo acheal ube, he incidence o hoa seness we e highe in G oup A compa ed wi h G oups B (28% s. 13%,
P = 0.043), C (28% s. 13%, P = 0.043) and D (28% s. 10%, P = 0.01) [15]. Pos ope a i e so e h oa ha e now become
a complica ion in pa ien s unde gone hy oid su ge y. The ac o s esponsible o pos ope a i e so e h oa a e mo emen
o ube and cu in achea, a ime o posi ioning and manipula ion o goi e du ing su ge y. Hisham e al. ound ha use a
smalle size ube would be a emedial ac ion o p e en so e h oa ollowing hy oid su ge y a e gene al anes hesia. Kad i
e al. epo ed ha he main con ibu ing ac o o occu ence o pos ope a i e so e h oa ollowing hy oid su ge y is he
use o la ge size ube [16]. The equency o so e h oa inc eases wi h p olonged du a ion o endo acheal in uba ion and
su ge y, e en hough cu is checked a egula in e als. I is because s e ch ecep o s in acheal mucosa is esponsible
o cough e lex and will be ac i a ed i ime pe iod p olongs (150-225 min) [17]. The s ess caused by pos -ope a i e so e
h oa can a ec pa ien ’s sa is ac ion, com o , and ac i i ies. The aim is o educe pos ope a i e so e h oa , analgesic use
and p o ide mo e com o able pos ope a i e pe iod. Hence in ou s udy he du a ion o su ge y was no mo e han 150
minu es in ei he g oup (p>0.05)
The e a e some limi a ions o ou s udy. Fi s ly, he du a ion o su ge y was less han 2 h s. Secondly, we could ha e used
some liquid medium ins ead o ai o in la ing he cu o endo acheal ube.
CONCLUSIONS
This s udy highligh ed c i ical ole o endo acheal ube size in de elopmen o pos ope a i e so e h oa in pa ien s
unde going lapa oscopic su ge ies. A de ailed compa ison be ween he use o s anda d-sized and smalle -sized cu ed
endo acheal ubes demons a ed ha pa ien s in uba ed wi h smalle -sized cu ed endo acheal ubes expe ienced a lowe
equency and educed in ensi y o so e h oa and hoa seness o oice pos ope a i ely. Ul ima ely, his esea ch con ibu es
aluable insigh s o he ield o anes hesiology and su gical p ac ice, sugges ing ha a ela i ely simple adjus men in
endo acheal ube size can ha e a signi ican impac on pa ien well-being and sa is ac ion in he pos ope a i e pe iod.
Adop ing smalle - sized endo acheal ubes can lead o a ma ked imp o emen in pos ope a i e ou comes. Such a change
would no only imp o e pa ien com o bu also po en ially dec ease he need o pos ope a i e analgesics and
D Nupu Aga wal e al. E alua ion o Pos -Ope a i e So e Th oa Using S anda d Ve sus Smalle Sized Cu ed
Endo acheal Tubes in Pa ien s Unde going Lapa oscopic Su ge ies. In . J Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 368-373, 2025
373
in e en ions aimed a managing so e h oa . The e was no con lic o in e es . The e was no inancial suppo o he
conduc o s udy.
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