D . Palla i Bo ase, e al. A S udy O In asi e Fungal In ec ions A A Te ia y Le el Hospi al: P ospec i e S udy. In . J
Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 495‐503, 2025
495
In e na ional Jou nal o Medical
and Pha maceu ical Resea ch
Online ISSN-2958-3683 | P in ISSN-2958-3675
F equency: Bi-Mon hly
A ailable online on: h ps://ijmp .in/
Resea ch A icle
A S udy o In asi e Fungal In ec ions a A Te ia y Le el Hospi al:
P ospec i e S udy
D . Palla i Bo ase1, D . Chhaya Chande1, D . Snehal wa ade1, D . Ka i a Bhilka 1, D . Jyo i Bade1
1M.D. Mic obiology, Depa men o Mic obiology, Si G an Go e nmen Medical College, Mumbai
A B S T R A C T
Co esponding Au ho :
D . Palla i Bo ase
M.D. Mic obiology, Depa men o
Mic obiology, Si G an
Go e nmen Medical College,
Mumbai
Recei ed: 15‐10‐2025
Accep ed: 13‐11‐2025
A ailable online: 18‐11‐2025
Backg ound: In asi e ungal in ec ions p ima ily a ec immunocomp omised
hos s, leading o se e e disease and ele a ed mo bidi y and mo ali y a es.
In asi e ungal in ec ions a e p edominan ly caused by species o Candida,
Muco ales, Aspe gillus, C yp ococcus, and Pneumocys is. The majo isk ac o s
p edisposing indi iduals o in asi e ungal in ec ions include uncon olled
diabe es melli us wi h esul an hype glycemia, neu openia, immunosupp essi e
he apies such as co icos e oid use, and p ima y o seconda y immunode iciency
diso de s, pa icula ly acqui ed immunode iciency synd ome (AIDS). P omp
diagnosis o in asi e ungal in ec ions is c ucial, as immunosupp ession ma kedly
inc eases he isk o mo ali y; he e o e, imely ini ia ion o he apy based on
an i ungal suscep ibili y and es ablished guidelines is essen ial.
Aim: o s udy he p e alence and e iology o in asi e ungal in ec ions.
OBJECTIVES
1. To s udy he e iological agen s causing in asi e ungal in ec ions.
2. Iden i y he ungi up o he species le el.
3. Co ela e indings o di ec mic oscopic examina ions wi h cul u e.
4. To s udy he isk ac o s associa ed wi h in asi e ungal diseases.
5. To s udy an i ungal sensi i i y in candida species by con en ional and
au oma ed me hods.
Me hod: Pa ien s clinically suspec ed o ha ing ungal in ec ions based on signs
and symp oms, and who did no espond o b oad-spec um an ibio ics, we e
included in he s udy. Clinical assessmen was pe o med, and samples we e
collec ed o he iden i ica ion o ungal isola es. An i ungal suscep ibili y es ing
was ca ied ou on he eco e ed isola es.
Resul s: This s udy no es he occu ence o disease wi h p edominance o male
pa ien s (61%), wi h male o emale a io o 1.57:1. Fe e was he commones
(75%) symp om ollowed by cough (40.25%).The o e all p e alence o in asi e
ungal in ec ions was 34.12% wi h candidiasis as he commones (32.08%)
ollowed by aspe gillosis (1.36%) and c yp ococcosis (0.68%). Candidemia
(Candida bloods eam in ec ions) was he commones (54.25%) o m o in ec ion,
mainly caused by C. albicans. The non albicans species isola ed we e C. opicalis,
C. pa apsilosis, C. au is, C. guille mondii, and C. duobushaemulonii. The
p e alence o c yp ococcosis obse ed was (0.68%). No case o His oplasma
capsula um was obse ed. In i o an i ungal suscep ibili y was pe o med by he
Disc di usion me hod acco ding o CLSI guidelines (2018) and VITEK 2 Compac
au oma ed sys em.
Conclusion: In asi e ungal in ec ions (IFIs) ep esen a majo cause o inc eased
mo bidi y and mo ali y in c i ically ill pa ien s, Ea ly clinical suspicion, p omp
labo a o y iden i ica ion, and imely ini ia ion o app op ia e an i ungal he apy a e
c ucial o imp o ing pa ien ou comes.
Copy igh © In e na ional Jou nal o
Medical and Pha maceu ical Resea ch
Keywo ds: In asi e ungal in ec ions, Aspe gillosis, Candidiasis, C yp ococcosis,
Immunosupp ession, , Pneumocys osis Muco mycosis.
D . Palla i Bo ase, e al. A S udy O In asi e Fungal In ec ions A A Te ia y Le el Hospi al: P ospec i e S udy. In . J
Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 495‐503, 2025
496
INTRODUCTION
In asi e ungal in ec ions (IFIs) ep esen a majo cause o inc eased mo bidi y and mo ali y in c i ically ill pa ien s.1
IFDs a e an eme ging p oblem wo ldwide, a e gene ally e y di icul o cu e and he associa ed mo ali y emains e y
high depending on he pa hogen and pa ien popula ion. Fungal species a e app oxima ely 7 pe cen (6, 11,000 species)
and hey a e dis ibu ed in soil, plan deb is, and o he o ganic subs a es2, app oxima ely 600 species a e
humanpa hogens.3In asi e ungal in ec ion p e alence ose om 2.2% (1987) o 5.1% in las 12-yea pe iod.4Acco ding
o ecen da a, 3 million people wo ldwide a e hough o be a ec ed by ch onic se e e ungal in ec ions, whe eas
app oxima ely 1.9 million pa ien s ge acu e in asi e ungal in ec ions (IFI) each yea . An es ima ed 1.6 million a ali ies
pe yea a e linked o all ungal illnesses, many o which a e a al in ec ions.5 Nea ly 70% o all IFIs in he wo ld a e caused
by in asi e candidiasis (IC), ollowed by c yp ococcosis (20%) and aspe gillosis (10%).6 The iden i ica ion o candida
species is impo an in he diagnos ic labo a o y .The e is a p ognos ic and he apeu ical signi icance, in he iden i ica ion
o candida species and hus ea ly and co ec an i ungal he apy can be ini ia ed.7An i ungal esis ance is a se ious issue in
bo h ime and space because ungi belonging o he species Candida, Aspe gillus, C yp ococcus, and Pneumocys is ha e
been exhibi ing conside able a es o an i ungal esis ance wo ldwide.8,9Se e al new an i ungals ha e expanded
p ophylaxis and ea men op ions o in asi e ungal in ec ions O e iew o ea men op ions o in asi e ungal
in ec ions.10
METHODS
Aims/Objec i es:
Aim o he s ud was o s udy he p e alence and e iology o in asi e ungal in ec ions.
OBJECTIVES
1. To s udy he e iological agen s causing in asi e ungal in ec ions.
2. Iden i y he ungi up o he species le el.
3. Co ela e indings o di ec mic oscopic examina ions wi h cul u e.
4. To s udy he isk ac o s associa ed wi h in asi e ungal diseases.
5. To s udy an i ungal sensi i i y in candida species by con en ional and au oma ed me hods.
This is a p ospec i e desc ip i e s udy o o al 293 pa ien s admi ed wi h signs and sym oms sugges i e o in asi e ungal
in ec ions(IFI) and sa is ying he inclusion c i e ia we e included in he s udy du ing a s udy pe iod o 18 mon h in he
depa men o Mic obiology o an u ban e ia y ca e eaching hospi al in Wes a n India.
Inclusion c i e ia-
Clinically suspec ed o ungal in ec ions on he basis o signs and symp oms and non- esponsi e o b oad spec um
an ibio ics.
Exclusion c i e ia-
All he pa ien s o cu aneous ungal in ec ions.
Sou ce o samples: Specimens collec ed we e blood, body luids, pleu al luid, ce eb ospinal luid, b onchoal eola
la age, u ine, pus, ine needle aspi a ion cy ology, and su gical d ain luid.
Clinical assessmen :
The de ailed ele an clinical his o y was aken o each pa ien wi h ega d o name, age, sex, clinical diagnosis, H/o
an ibio ic he apy, H/o clinical immune s a us and H/o clinical in e en ions.
Sample p ocessing:
Samples we e p ocessed o mic oscopic examina ion, ungal cul u es and an i ungal sensi i i y as ollows:
Mic oscopic examina ion:
The ollowing p epa a ion was made:
1) Po assium hyd oxide moun 11
Fo all specimens besides CSF, 10% KOH p epa a ions we e made.
2) G am S ain12
3) India ink p epa a ion 11
This was done o demons a ing he capsule o C yp ococcus.
Cul u e
The samples we e inocula ed asep ically on 2 se s o Sabou aud’s Dex ose Aga (SDA) and incuba ed a 25°C and 37 °C
espec i ely ill he g ow h was ob ained o o a minimum o 1 mon h.
IDENTIFICATION OF ISOLATES:
A) Iden i ica ion o yeas and yeas -like ungi –
D . Palla i Bo ase, e al. A S udy O In asi e Fungal In ec ions A A Te ia y Le el Hospi al: P ospec i e S udy. In . J
Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 495‐503, 2025
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When he g ow h was obse ed, he colony mo phology was no ed, a smea was made, and he g am was s ained.
The isola e was u he p ocessed o species iden i ica ion based on mic oscopic & colony mo phology.
a) Iden i ica ion o candida
1)
Ge m ube es 13
2)
Co nmealTween80aga (Dalmaupla e echnique)11
3)
Suga Fe men a ion11
Ca bohyd a eAssimila ionTes 13
b) Iden i ica ion o c yp ococcus
The isola es we e iden i ied as C yp ococcus based on he ollowing.
1) Colony cha ac e is ics mucoid c eam o bu colo ed colony which
Changed o b own colo on p olonged incuba ion.
2) Mic oscopic appea ance o he suspec ed colony on G am s ain and
India ink p epa a ion.
3) G ow h a 37°C
Mic oscopic mo phology showing g am-posi i e, ound yeas cells wi h single na ow-based budding deno ed
C yp ococcus
4) Hyd olysiso u ea.11
In i o an i ungal suscep ibili y es by disc di usion me hod
The s ains o Candida species we e subjec ed o suscep ibili y es ing agains Fluconazole, Caspo ungin, and Vo iconazole
by disc di usion es as pe CLSI guidelines (2018).
In e p e a ion:
The zone o inhibi ion was measu ed and in e p e ed as ollows.15
An imic obial Agen s
Sensi i e
In e media e
Resis ance
Fluconazole
>17
14-16
<13
Caspo ungin
>17
15-16
<14
Vo iconazole
>17
15-16
<14
A) Iden i ica ion o molds(11)
This was done based on he ollowing-
1) Colony mo phology (16)-colo , ex u e (g anula , el e y, co ony, e c), pigmen , he su ace on ob e se, and pigmen on
e e se was no ed. 2) Lac ophenol Co on Blue (LPCB) Teasemoun .
2) Lac ophenol Co on Blue(LPCB) Tease moun (74)
Slide cul u e 11
RESULTS
A o al o 293 pa ien s admi ed wi h signsandsymp oms sugges i e o in asi e ungalin ec ions (IFI)and sa is ying he
inclusion c i e ia we eincludedin hes udy. A o al o 100 (34%) specimens om suspec ed cases yielded ungi ou o 293.
Cases we e analysed as ollow:
Sex wise Dis ibu ion o cases:
Ou o 293 pa ien s, 179 (61%) we e males and 114 (39%) we e emales. Males p edomina ed in he cu en s udy, wi h a
male- o- emale a io o 1.57:1.
Table 1: F equency o clinical mani es a ions in s udy popula ions.
S . No
Clinical inding
To al
1
Fe e
219 (75%)
2
Cough
117 (40.25)
3
Headache
86 (30.03%)
4
Al e ed senso ium
80 (27.30%)
5
B ea hlessness
65 (22.18%)
6
Con ulsions
59 (20.13%)
7
Weakness
88 (30.03%)
8
Loose mo ion
39 (13.31%)
9
Neck s i ness
21 (7.16%)
10
O he s*
89 (30.37%)
D . Palla i Bo ase, e al. A S udy O In asi e Fungal In ec ions A A Te ia y Le el Hospi al: P ospec i e S udy. In . J
Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 495‐503, 2025
498
• Di icul y in ea ing, mou h ulce , omi ing, giddiness, pain in abdomen, loss o weigh , haemop ysis.
The dis ibu ion o a ious specimens collec ed om suspec ed in asi e ungal in ec ions.
Blood
81
Bal
59
CSF
52
Tissue
31
Pus
24
U ine
20
TRS
20
Pleu al luid
06
To al
293
Mic oscopic examina ion showed p esence o ungal elemen s in 94 samples including blood, BAL, Tissue, pus, U ine.
Two CSF specimens showed p esence o capsula ed, budding yeas cells mo phologically esembling C yp ococcus.
One specimen o BAL and pleu al luid showed he p esence o ungal elemen s (sep a e hyphae wi h acu e angle
b anching)
Two specimen o CSF showed capsula ed yeas cells o C . neo o mans in india ink p epa a ion
Figu e 1 : Specimen o BAL showing he p esence o ungal elemen s ( sep a e hyphae wi h acu e angle b anching.
Cul u e con i ma ion was seen in 100 samples
Figu e 2: showing g ow h o Candida albicans on Sabou aud’s Dex ose Aga
D . Palla i Bo ase, e al. A S udy O In asi e Fungal In ec ions A A Te ia y Le el Hospi al: P ospec i e S udy. In . J
Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 495‐503, 2025
499
Figu e 03: Showing g ow h o Aspe gillus la us onSabou aud’s Dex ose Aga
Figu e 04: Showing mo phology o C. opicalis on Co nmeal Aga
Candidemia (Candida bloods eam in ec ions) was he commones o m o in ec ion obse ed. 51 Candia species we e
isola ed om blood, 16 om BAL, 08 om u ine, 09 om pus, 05 om issue, and 05 om TRS.
Two isola es o c yp ococcus neo o mans we e g own om CSF samples.
Th ee s ains o Aspe gillus we e g own om BAL and one s ain om pleu al luid. Ou o h ee s ains om BAL, Two
we e o Aspe gillus la us and One was o Aspe gillus glaucus.
One s ain o pleu al luid was o Aspe gillus la us.
Candida was he mos equen ly ungus ( 94% ) in he p esen s udy.
In he p esen s udy he a ious Candida species isola ed we e C. albicans, C. opicalis, C. guille mondii and
C.pa apsilosis. C.au is.C.albicans was he p edominan isola e, C. opicalis was he nex common isola e ollowed by C.
pa apsilosis, C.au is, C.guillie mondii and C.duobushaemulonii
1.
An i ungal Suscep ibili y pa e nin In asi e Candidiasis
Ou o he 94 candida species, 68 species we e es ed o an i ungal suscep ibili y by con en ional Ki by Baue disc
di usion me hod, whe eas 26 we e es ed by VITEK 2Compac .
D . Palla i Bo ase, e al. A S udy O In asi e Fungal In ec ions A A Te ia y Le el Hospi al: P ospec i e S udy. In . J
Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 495‐503, 2025
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In i o suscep ibili ies o he candida species o he an i ungal agen s s udied by con en ional Ki by Baue Disc
Di usion
Table 2: C. albicans n=27
An i ungals
S
I/SDD
R
Fluconazole
26 (96.29%)
01 (3.70%)
00 (00%)
Vo iconazole
24 (88.88%)
02 (7.40%)
01 (3.70%)
Caspo ungin
23 (85.18%)
01 (3.70%)
03 (11.11%)
Table 03: C. opicalis n=23
An i ungals
S
I/SDD
R
Fluconazole
17 (73.91%)
01 (4.34%)
05 (21.73%)
Vo iconazole
16 (69.56%)
02 (8.69%)
05 (21.73%)
Caspo ungin
21 (91.30%)
01 (4.34%)
01 (4.34%)
Table 04: C. pa apsilosis n=16
An i ungals
S
I/SDD
R
Fluconazole
11 (68.75%)
02 (11.76%)
03 (17.64%)
Vo iconazole
10 (62.50%)
03 (17.64%)
03 (17.64%)
Caspo ungin
13 (81.25%)
02 (11.76%)
01 (05.88%)
Iden i ica ions andan i ungals suscep ibili ybyVITEK2Compac au oma edsys em
Table 06: C. albicans n= 05
An i ungals
S
I/SDD
R
Fluconazole
05 (100%)
00 (00%)
00 (00%)
Vo iconazole
04 (80.00%)
00 (00%)
01 (20.00%)
Capso ungin
04 (80%)
00 (00%)
01 (20.00%)
Mica ungin
04 (80%)
00 (00%)
01 (20.00%)
Amho e icin B
04 (80%)
00 (00%)
01 (20.00%)
Flucy osin
04 (80%)
00 (00%)
01 (20.00%)
Table 07: C. opicalis n=06
An i ungals
S
I/SDD
R
Fluconazole
05 (83.33%)
01 (16.66%)
00 (00%)
Vo iconazole
05 (83.33%)
00 (00%)
01 (16.66%)
Capso ungin
06 (100%)
00 (00%)
00 (00%)
Mica ungin
06 (100%)
00 (00%)
00 (00%)
Amho e icin B
06 (100%)
00 (00%)
00 (00%)
Flucy osin
06 (100%))
00 (00%)
00 (00%)
Table 08: C.pa apsilosis =07
An i ungals
S
I/SDD
R
Fluconazole
05 (71.42%)
01 (14.28%)
01 (14.28%)
Vo iconazole
06 (85.71%)
00 (00%)
01 (14.28%)
Capso ungin
07 (100%)
00 (00%)
00 (00%)
Mica ungin
07 (100%)
00 (00%)
00 (00%)
Amho e icin B
06 (85.71%)
00 (00%)
01 (14.28%)
Flucy osin
07 (100%)
00 (00%)
00 (00%)
Table 09: C. au is n=05
An i ungals
S
I/SDD
R
Fluconazole
02 (40%)
00 (00%)
03 (60%)
Vo iconazole
02 (40%)
01 (20%)
02 (40%)
Capso ungin
04 (80%)
00 (00%)
01 (20%)
Mica ungin
04 (80%)
00 (00%)
01 (20%)
Amho e icin B
02 (40%)
00 (00%)
03 (60%)
Flucy osin
02 (40%)
00 (00%)
03 (60%)
The inc ease in immunocomp omised pa ien s su e ing om a ious diseases has led o an inc ease in he global bu den
o in asi e ungal in ec ions (IFIs).(17)
D . Palla i Bo ase, e al. A S udy O In asi e Fungal In ec ions A A Te ia y Le el Hospi al: P ospec i e S udy. In . J
Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 495‐503, 2025
501
DISCUSSION
The p esen s udy was ca ied ou in he depa men o mic obiology a ached o a e ia y ca e hospi al. Du ing his s udy,
all he pa ien s admi ed wi h signs and symp oms sugges i e o in asi e ungal in ec ions (IFI) and sa is ying he inclusion
c i e ia we e sc eened and he espec i e samples we e aken o he con i ma ion o diagnosis.
In he p esen s udy majo i y o he pa ien s we e in he age g oup o 41-60 wi h a male p edominance and a male- o- emale
a io o 1.54:1. YubhishaDabas e al epo ed a male p edominance (66%)(18);Nicole Ha ison e al also epo ed a male
p edominance (53.7%).(19)
In he p esen s udy majo i y o he pa ien s we e in he age g oup o 41-60. YubhishaDabase al epo ed a male
p edominance (66%)(18);Nicole Ha ison e al also epo ed a male p edominance (53.7%).(19)
In he p esen s udy majo i y o he pa ien s we e in he age g oup o 41-60. Yaling Li e al epo ed he majo i y o pa ien s
we e abo e he ageo 65 yea s (40%).(20)
In he p esen s udy, common p edisposing ac o s we e p olonged s ay in in ensi e ca e (>7 days) (15.62%) ollowed by
p olonged exposu e o co icos e oids,an ibio ics(13.54%), su gical in e en ion(12.5%), sepsis(12.5%), AIDS(10.41%),
Diabe es melli us(8.33%), Tube culosis(7.29%), COPD(5.20%), malignancy(4.16%), LBW wi h p ema u i y(4.16%)
Yaling Li e al epo ed he mos common P edisposing ac o p olonged hospi aliza ion (96.1%), o al pa en e al nu i ion
(79.4%), and he p esence o in a enous ca he e s (78.8%)(21)
In he p esen s udy, among he 100 ungal isola es, majo i yo hem we e Candida non-albicans (62%) ollowed by
Candida albicans(32%), Aspe gillus species (4%), and c yp ococcus neo o mans (2%).
Chak aba i e al showed in asi e candidiasis as he mos common myco ic in ec ion ac oss India.(22)
Kau man e al also showed ha he mos common IFI we e in asi e candidiasis ollowed by Aspe gillosis.(23)
In his s udy, he mos common Candidaspecies isola es in blood samples we e Candida albicans (31.37%) ollowed by
Candida opicalis (27.45%), Candida pa apsilosis (25.49%), Candida au is (7.84%),Candida duboshimulonii (3.92%),
Candida guille mondii(3.92%).
Pe e G. Pappas e al epo ed C. albicans (46%), C. glab a a (20%), C. pa apsilosis (14%), C. opicalis (12%), C.
guillie mondii (3%) C. k usei (2%) in blood samples.(24)
In his s udy he mos common Candidaspecies isola es in BALwe eCandida albicans (31.25%) ollowed by Candida
opicalis (37.5%), Candida pa apsilosis (31.25%),
Saha Kianipou e al epo ed C. albicans/dubliniensis complex (58.6%) and nonalbicans isola es (41.4%) as common
isola es in BAL.(25)In his s udy he mos common Candida species isola es in u ine samples we e Candida albicans (50%),
candida opicalis (25%) and Candida pa apsilosis (25%).
Umamaheshwa i S e al epo ed, C. opicalis (46.2%), ollowed by C. albicans (19.58%), C. glab a a (16.06%), and C.
pa apsilosis (4.62%) in u ine samples.(26)
In he p esen s udy, candida albicans showed 96.29% sensi i i y o Fluconazole, 88.88% sensi i i y o Vo iconazole, and
85.18% sensi i i y o Caspo unginby disc di usion.C. opicalis showed 73.91% sensi i i y o Fluconazole, 69.56%
sensi i i y o Vo iconazole, and 91.30% sensi i i y o Caspo ungin. Whe eas C. pa apsilosis showed 68.75% o
Fluconazole, 62.50% sensi i i y o Vo iconazole and 81.25% sensi i i y o Caspo ungin.
Ma ia Noni e al epo ed27Among C. albicans isola es, luconazole and o iconazole esis ance was no de ec ed.
Rega ding caspo ungin, 97.7% o isola es we e ound o be suscep ible, Candida pa apsilosis showed 98.1% sensi i i y o
Caspo ungin, 92.2% sensi i i y o Fluconazole and 98.1% sensi i i y o Vo iconazole om e ia y G eek pedia ic hospi al
Aji ha Reddy Edula e al epo edC. albicans had (97.91%) sensi i i y o o iconazole, (95.83%) o luconazole, C. opicalis
showed (94.11%) sensi i i y o o iconazole, (82.35%) o luconazole, C. pa apsilosis had (87.5%) sensi i i y o
o iconazole, (75%) o luconazole, C. dublineneisishad (100%) sensi i i y o o iconazole, (100%) o luconazole.(28)
In he p esen s udy, among he 100 ungal isola es, 4 (4%) we e o Aspe gillus species, 3 species o Aspe gillus we e
g own om BAL and 1 om pleu al luid.
Ou o 3 species om BAL, wo we e o Aspe gillus la us and one was o Aspe gillus glaucus.
D . Palla i Bo ase, e al. A S udy O In asi e Fungal In ec ions A A Te ia y Le el Hospi al: P ospec i e S udy. In . J
Med. Pha m. Res., 6 (6): 495‐503, 2025
502
One isola e o pleu al luid was o Aspe gillus la us.
B andon J Webb e al epo ed 8.9% o Aspe gillus species.(29)
In ou s udy among 100 ungal isola es 2 (2%) we e o C yp ococcus neo o mans om CSF samples.
Yaling Li e (30) al epo ed C yp ococcus neo o mans (2.8%) om CSF sample.
In ou s udy, he e was a p edominance o candida species isola ion, ollowed by Aspe gillus species and c yp ococcus
neo o mans.
Al hough his oplasmosis is he mos common oppo unis ic in ec ion in endemic a eas he disease is no equen ly epo ed
om India excep o he no h-eas e n Indian s a es like Wes Bengal which is conside ed as endemic egion o
his oplasmosis.(31)
In he p esen s udy no e idence o his oplasmosis epo ed.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
The s udy was conduc ed in he Depa men o Mic obiology o a Go e nmen medical college a ached o a e ia y ca e
hospi al wi h he aim o s udy he p e alence and e iology o in asi e ungal in ec ions in pa ien s wi h signs and symp oms
sugges i e o in asi e ungal in ec ions.
A o al o 293 pa ien s p esen ing wi h signs and symp oms sugges i e o in asi e ungal in ec ions we e s udied.
Va ious specimens we e collec ed asep ically including blood, body luids, pleu al luids, ce eb ospinal luid,
B onchoal eola la age, u ine, pus, ine needle aspi a ion cy ology and su gical d ain luid.
The specimens we e subjec ed o mic oscopic examina ion by KOH, G am, and India Ink p epa a ions.
The samples we e inocula ed on Sabou aud’s Dex ose Aga .
The yeas iden i ica ion was made by colony mo phology, mic oscopic mo phology o he g ow h, ge m ube es , Dalmau
echnique on co nmeal aga , Assimila ion and e men a ion es s, and hyd olysis o u ea.
Molds we e iden i ied by Mac oscopic and mic oscopic mo phology o g ow h.
In i o an i ungal suscep ibili y was pe o med agains Fluconazole, Vo iconazole and Caspo ungin by disc di usion
me hod acco ding o CLSI guidelines (2018).
The e was a p edominance o male pa ien s (61%), wi h male o emale a io o 1.57:1.
Fe e was he commones (75%) symp om ollowed by cough (40.25%).
The o e all p e alence o in asi e ungal in ec ions was 34.12% wi h candidiasis as he commones (32.08%) ollowed by
aspe gillosis (1.36%) and c yp ococcosis (0.68%).
Candidemia (Candida bloods eam in ec ions) was he commones (54.25%) o m o in ec ion, mainly caused by C.
albicans.
The non albicans species isola ed we e C. opicalis, C. pa apsilosis, C. au is, C. guille mondii, and C. duobushaemulonii.
The p e alence o c yp ococcosis obse ed was (0.68%).
No case o His oplasma capsula um was obse ed.
In i o an i ungal suscep ibili y was pe o med by he Disc di usion me hod acco ding o CLSI guidelines (2018) and
VITEK 2 Compac au oma ed sys em.
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