In e na ional Jou nal o Cu en Science Resea ch and Re iew
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The De elopmen o a Deep Lea ning-Based STEAM P ojec Module o
Enhance S uden s’ En i onmen al Li e acy h ough an Eco-Enzyme
Ini ia i e
No i a Fi iani1, Da ik2, Maman Ruman a3
1,3 Pos g adua e School o Uni e si as Te buka, Indonesia
2 Depa men o Ma hema ics, Uni e si y o Jembe , Indonesia
ABSTRACT: The global en i onmen al c isis demands inno a i e educa ional app oaches o build en i onmen al li e acy om an
ea ly age. This s udy aims o de elop a deep-lea ning-based p ojec module in eg a ed wi h STEAM (Science, Technology,
Enginee ing, A s, Ma hema ics) h ough an eco-enzyme p ojec o imp o e he en i onmen al li e acy o i h-g ade s uden s a
MIN 1 Sidoa jo. The esea ch employed he 4D de elopmen model (De ine, Design, De elop, Dissemina e) wi h a quali a i e–
quan i a i e app oach. Da a we e collec ed h ough ques ionnai es, in e iews, obse a ions, and p e es –pos es assessmen s, hen
analyzed desc ip i ely and s a is ically (N-Gain). Valida ion esul s om expe s in con en , media, and pedagogy indica ed ha he
module was highly alid (a e age sco es o 4.26, 3.8, and 4.3). Small- and la ge-scale ials demons a ed ha he module was
p ac ical (a e age s uden esponse o 3.4) and e ec i e in enhancing en i onmen al li e acy, wi h signi ican imp o emen s in bo h
cogni i e (N-Gain = 0.70) and a ec i e (N-Gain = 0.72) domains. The eco-enzyme p ojec also s eng hens he dimensions o he
Pancasila S uden P o ile, pa icula ly c ea i i y, independence, and collabo a ion. The implica ions o his s udy a i m ha
in eg a ing STEAM and deep lea ning wi hin a con ex ual p ojec module can c ea e meaning ul lea ning, os e 21s -cen u y skills,
and cul i a e s uden s’ ecological awa eness. Recommenda ions include implemen ing simila modules in elemen a y schools and
de eloping educa ional policies ha suppo p ojec -based en i onmen al lea ning.
KEYWORDS: Deep lea ning, STEAM, en i onmen al li e acy, eco-enzyme, p ojec module
INTRODUCTION
The global en i onmen al c isis has become an u gen issue ha demands immedia e ac ion om all sec o s o socie y. Clima e
change, pollu ion, and biodi e si y loss ha e exposed he agili y o Ea h’s balance, hea ily in luenced by human ac i i ies. One o
he majo con ibu o s o his c isis is he lack o ecological awa eness and en i onmen al li e acy, which a e undamen al o
unde s anding and add essing en i onmen al challenges. The e o e, educa ion plays a c ucial ole in os e ing awa eness,
esponsibili y, and ca e o na u e, pa icula ly du ing ea ly childhood educa ion. By ins illing en i onmen al consciousness,
educa ion empowe s s uden s o make in o med decisions and adop beha io s ha suppo sus ainabili y.
To add ess his p essing issue, deep lea ning-based ins uc ion in eg a ed wi h he STEAM (Science, Technology, Enginee ing,
A s, and Ma hema ics) app oach o e s an inno a i e solu ion o imp o e s uden s' en i onmen al li e acy. This in eg a ion p o ides
s uden s wi h he oppo uni y o no only g asp scien i ic concep s bu also de elop essen ial skills such as c i ical hinking, p oblem-
sol ing, collabo a ion, and empa hy o he en i onmen . The inco po a ion o STEAM in eal-wo ld p ojec s, such as eco-enzyme
p oduc ion, c ea es a hands-on lea ning expe ience ha ein o ces heo e ical knowledge while allowing s uden s o engage in
p ac ical solu ions o en i onmen al issues. This app oach aligns well wi h he Pancasila S uden P o ile S eng hening P ojec (P5),
which aims o cul i a e alues such as mu ual coope a ion, esponsibili y, and lo e o na u e in s uden s.
A MIN 1 Sidoa jo, ini ial obse a ions e eal a signi ican gap in s uden s’ en i onmen al awa eness. Du ing a ypical school
day, a ound 8 o 10 kilog ams o was e a e p oduced, p edominan ly consis ing o o ganic was e such as le o e ood and lea es,
along wi h ino ganic was e such as plas ic d ink cups, ood packaging, and wa e bo les. Mo e han six y pe cen o his was e is no
so ed p ope ly, as s uden s o en dispose o o ganic and ino ganic was e oge he . This si ua ion highligh s he u gen need o
educa ional in e en ions o p omo e en i onmen al esponsibili y and was e managemen p ac ices. In esponse o his, his s udy
p oposes he de elopmen o a deep lea ning module in eg a ed wi h he STEAM app oach o enhance s uden s’ en i onmen al
li e acy h ough meaning ul, con ex ual, and enjoyable lea ning expe iences.
In e na ional Jou nal o Cu en Science Resea ch and Re iew
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The expec ed ou come o his inno a ion is he c ea ion o a gene a ion o s uden s who a e no only academically compe en bu
also ecologically sensi i e, d i en o p o ec he sus ainabili y o he Ea h. By in eg a ing deep lea ning and STEAM, s uden s will
de elop a holis ic unde s anding o en i onmen al issues and gain 21s -cen u y skills, empowe ing hem o become ac i e pa icipan s
in en i onmen al conse a ion.
Deep lea ning ins uc ion emphasizes he de elopmen o comp ehensi e concep ual unde s anding, c i ical hinking, p oblem-
sol ing, and collabo a ion wi hin eal-wo ld con ex s (Hosnan, 2014). Unlike adi ional educa ion models ha ocus on
memo iza ion, deep lea ning encou ages s uden s o apply knowledge in p ac ical se ings, os e ing independen , c ea i e, and
adap i e lea ne s. Acco ding o he Minis y o Educa ion, Cul u e, Resea ch, and Technology (2022), deep lea ning is s uden -
cen e ed, p omo ing explo a ion, e lec ion, and he connec ion o lea ning ma e ials o eal-li e si ua ions. Biggs & Tang (2022)
asse ha deep lea ning acili a es unde s anding o key ideas and hei ele ance o eal-li e con ex s, mo ing beyond me e exam
p epa a ion. Faj i (2017) highligh s c i ical hinking as a co e componen o deep lea ning, designed o p omo e sys ema ic analysis
and e ec i e p oblem-sol ing.
The key componen s o deep lea ning include meaning ul lea ning, which connec s new in o ma ion wi h p io knowledge o
make lea ning ele an (Rachmawa i & Da yan o, 2015; Ausubel, 1968), mind ul lea ning, which in ol es ull engagemen o he
lea ne in he p ocess, enhancing ocus and emo ional egula ion, leading o imp o ed lea ning ou comes (Mel iano a, 2023;
Abdu ochim e al., 2024), and joy ul lea ning, which c ea es a posi i e lea ning en i onmen , boos ing mo i a ion and encou aging
ac i e s uden pa icipa ion (Anda wa i, 2019).
STEAM is an in e disciplina y app oach o lea ning ha in eg a es Science, Technology, Enginee ing, A s, and Ma hema ics. I
nu u es c i ical, c ea i e, and collabo a i e hinking skills, o e ing oppo uni ies o explo a ion, expe imen a ion, and eal-wo ld
applica ion o concep s (Yakman, 2008). STEAM has been shown o enhance s uden s' mo i a ion, cu iosi y, c i ical hinking,
c ea i i y, and collabo a ion (Wa i & Si ega , 2025; Nas ah, 2021; Sua di, 2018). This app oach encou ages s uden s o sol e complex
p oblems in a c ea i e and con ex ual manne (Mu’minah & Su yaningsih, 2020; Di ec o a e o Junio High Schools, 2021). When
combined wi h deep lea ning, STEAM becomes a powe ul educa ional ool o add essing en i onmen al issues. Fo example, an
eco-enzyme p ojec allows s uden s o apply hei knowledge o science, echnology, enginee ing, a , and ma hema ics o sol e
en i onmen al p oblems, enhancing hei en i onmen al li e acy.
Eco-enzyme is a liquid c ea ed h ough he e men a ion o o ganic was e, se ing mul iple pu poses such as a na u al cleane ,
liquid e ilize , was e ea men agen , and disin ec an (Ind aswan i e al., 2022; Vidalia e al., 2023). An eco-enzyme p ojec p o ides
an excellen pla o m o con ex ual lea ning, allowing s uden s o imp o e hei en i onmen al li e acy h ough hands-on expe ience.
The p ocess in ol es e men ing o ganic was e wi h suga and wa e o e h ee mon hs, du ing which mic oo ganisms p oduce
bioac i e compounds ha bene i he en i onmen (Widyas u i, 2020; Wahyuni, 2020). Wi hin he STEAM amewo k, he eco-
enzyme p ojec eaches scien i ic concep s like e men a ion, echnological ools o documen a ion, a is ic elemen s in packaging
design, enginee ing in p ocedu al planning, and ma hema ical p inciples in measu emen and da a analysis.
En i onmen al li e acy encompasses he knowledge, a i udes, and beha io s necessa y o make in o med decisions abou he
en i onmen (Hollweg e al., 2011; Nu aini, 2020). Cul i a ing en i onmen al li e acy in s uden s is c ucial o os e ing conce n,
esponsibili y, and ac ion owa d p ese ing he en i onmen . This li e acy empowe s s uden s o pa icipa e ac i ely in managing
na u al esou ces and main aining en i onmen al sus ainabili y (Law No. 32/2009).
In eg a ing deep lea ning wi h STEAM and he eco-enzyme p ojec o e s s uden s a comp ehensi e, hands-on lea ning expe ience
ha enhances hei unde s anding o en i onmen al issues. Ac i i ies such as so ing was e, p epa ing ma e ials, conduc ing
e men a ion, and designing p oduc packaging p o ide a con ex ual, meaning ul, and collabo a i e lea ning expe ience. These
ac i i ies os e no only en i onmen al li e acy bu also c i ical hinking, c ea i i y, and collabo a ion, which a e i al skills o
add essing complex en i onmen al challenges. Th ough his app oach, s uden s gain he knowledge and skills necessa y o make
in o med and esponsible decisions ha con ibu e o he sus ainabili y o he Ea h.
METHODS
A.
Type o Resea ch
This s udy uses a de elopmen app oach (Resea ch and De elopmen /R&D) e e ing o he 4D model (De ine, Design, De elop,
Dissemina e) de eloped by Thiaga ajan, Semmel, and Semmel (1974). This model was chosen because i is sui able o g adually
In e na ional Jou nal o Cu en Science Resea ch and Re iew
ISSN: 2581-8341
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and sys ema ically de eloping and es ing he easibili y o a p oduc in he o m o a p ojec module. Acco ding o Su a i & I awan
(2017), he 4D model is e ec i e o de eloping lea ning ools. This esea ch employs a quan i a i e–quali a i e app oach,
desc ibing he p ocess o de eloping a deep-lea ning ins uc ional module in eg a ed wi h STEAM h ough an eco-enzyme p ojec
and i s impac on s uden s’ en i onmen al li e acy.
B.
Resea ch Popula ion
The s udy was conduc ed a Mad asah Ib idaiyah Nege i 1 Sidoa jo, loca ed on Jalan Balai Desa Banja Keman en, Budu an,
Sidoa jo. This si e was selec ed due o i s implemen a ion o he Me deka Cu iculum, which aligns wi h P5 (Pancasila S uden
P o ile) ac i i ies conduc ed in he second semes e . The esea ch popula ion consis ed o 29 i h-g ade s uden s. The esea ch
sample was a subse o his popula ion selec ed based on ele an cha ac e is ics.
C.
Da a Sou ces
The esea ch da a we e ca ego ized in o he ollowing ypes:
1.
P ima y da a: collec ed di ec ly h ough p e es s, pos es s, ques ionnai es, and in e iews wi h i h-g ade s uden s.
2.
Seconda y da a: ob ained om books, documen a ion, a chi es, and li e a u e ela ed o p ojec module de elopmen and
en i onmen al li e acy.
D.
Resea ch Ins umen s
The esea ch ins umen s included eache in e iew guidelines o assess lea ning condi ions, s uden cha ac e is ics, and
oppo uni ies o STEAM in eg a ion; s uden needs-analysis ques ionnai es o iden i y p io knowledge, in e es s, expe iences, and
needs ela ed o en i onmen al lea ning; alida o assessmen ques ionnai es ( o con en , media, and ins uc ional design expe s)
o e alua e he easibili y o he p ojec module; s uden esponse ques ionnai es o assess s uden s’ pe cep ions o he module; along
wi h p e es s and pos es s designed o measu e imp o emen s in s uden s’ en i onmen al li e acy ac oss cogni i e, a ec i e, and
psychomo o domains...
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A.
Desc ip ion o he Resea ch Objec
This s udy was conduc ed wi h i h-g ade s uden s a MIN 1 Sidoa jo, a s a e Islamic elemen a y school (mad asah ib idaiyah
nege i) unde he Minis y o Religious A ai s o Sidoa jo Regency, Eas Ja a P o ince. MIN 1 Sidoa jo has a s ong commi men
o s eng hening cha ac e educa ion and de eloping en i onmen -based lea ning. Fi h-g ade s uden s we e selec ed as he esea ch
subjec s because hei cogni i e de elopmen al eady allows hem o engage in p ojec -based lea ning; hey a e able o wo k
collabo a i ely, sol e simple p oblems, and pa icipa e in open discussions.
The ision o MIN 1 Sidoa jo, namely “The ealiza ion o a mad asah communi y ha is ai h ul, pious, pa io ic,
in elligen , skilled, and cul u ally en i onmen ally ca ing,” is aligned wi h i s s a us as an Adiwiya a (eco-school) mad asah. The
in eg a ion o en i onmen al ca e alues in o in acu icula , cocu icula , and ex acu icula ac i i ies suppo s he de elopmen
o he STEAM-based eco-enzyme p ojec module, ensu ing ha s uden s a e no only academically compe en bu also
en i onmen ally conscious and equipped wi h p ac ical skills.
This s udy employed a Resea ch and De elopmen (R&D) app oach using he 4D de elopmen model (De ine, Design,
De elop, Dissemina e). Da a we e ob ained h ough obse a ions, in e iews, ques ionnai es, and module ials. The ollowing a e
he esul s o de eloping he eco-enzyme p ojec module.
B.
De ine S age
This s age includes p elimina y analysis, needs analysis, and o mula ion o lea ning objec i es.
1.
F on -End Analysis
Acco ding o an in e iew wi h he i h-g ade eache , M . Ro iul Adib, S.Pd., en i onmen al educa ion plays a i al ole in os e ing
ea ly awa eness so ha s uden s become indi iduals who ca e abou and a e esponsible o na u e. The eache obse ed ha some
s uden s ha e al eady shown conce n, such as h owing ash in i s p ope place and wa e ing plan s, bu hese habi s a e no ye
widesp ead. He emphasized he impo ance o p ac ice-based lea ning s a egies o acili a e s uden s’ unde s anding o
en i onmen al concep s.
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2.
Lea ne Analysis
The esul s o he s uden needs ques ionnai e showed ha all s uden s (100%) we e able o dis inguish be ween o ganic and non-
o ganic was e and we e in e es ed in c ea ing some hing bene icial o he en i onmen . S uden s showed a s ong in e es in p ojec -
based lea ning, wi h 86% o s uden s inding i easie o unde s and ma e ial h ough p ojec s and 93% enjoying g oup wo k.
Howe e , digi al skills emain a challenge; only 55% o s uden s we e in e es ed in using Can a o design p oduc s. The esul s o
he lea ne need analysis a e p esen ed in Table 1.
Table 1. Resul s o he Needs Analysis o Fi h-G ade S uden s
No
Ques ion
Yes
No
1
Able o dis inguish be ween o ganic and non-o ganic was e?
100%
0%
2
Know how o p ocess o ganic was e?
86%
14%
3
In e es ed in c ea ing a p ojec o add ess en i onmen al pollu ion?
83%
17%
3.
Concep Analysis
The eco-enzyme p ojec module in eg a es he dimensions o he Pancasila S uden P o ile (P5) wi hin he heme o Sus ainable
Li es yles. The Global Di e si y dimension emphasizes s uden s’ abili y o e alua e en i onmen al imp o emen e o s and hei
impac s. The Independen dimension highligh s sel - egula ion, while he Mu ual Coope a ion dimension s esses social conce n
and collabo a ion.
4.
Task Analysis
The asks wi hin he eco-enzyme p ojec a e s uc u ed o achie e he lea ning objec i esas well as indica o s o a aining he P5
dimensions, including c ea i i y, independence, and collabo a ion.
C.
Design S age
1.
Selec ion o Ma e ials
The lea ning ma e ials a e o ganized in an in eg a ed STEAM o ma as p esen ed in Table 2.
Table 2. STEAM-In eg a ed Module
Aspec
Explana ion
Science
S uden s lea n how o ganic was e ( ui
peels and ege able sc aps) mixed
wi h molasses and wa e unde goes
e men a ion and p oduces a use ul
eco-enzyme solu ion. They lea n ha
bac e ia and ungi help decompose
o ganic was e, such as le o e ui s
and ege ables, in o simple
subs ances ha a e bene icial o he
soil.
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Technology
S uden s design he s eps o making
ecoenzyme. By using Can a, hey
also lea n o use echnology o
communica e isually and digi ally.
Enginee ing
S uden s look o used bo les and
de elop simple enginee ing skills by
using hese bo les o design eco-
enzyme con aine s.
A
S uden s lea n how o design a unique
and a ac i e label o he eco-
enzyme using Can a. This ac i i y
ains hei digi al design skills
( echnology) while also de eloping
he a aspec h ough he choice o
colo s, ypog aphy, and isual
elemen s ha e lec he
cha ac e is ics o he eco-enzyme and
i s en i onmen al message.
Ma hema ics
This p ojec p o ides oppo uni ies
o s uden s o apply ma hema ical
concep s in a eal-wo ld con ex ,
imp o e hei ma hema ical skills,
and p omo e concep ual and applied
unde s anding in line wi h he
p inciples o meaning ul lea ning
(deep lea ning).
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2.
Selec ion o Media
The lea ning media included used plas ic bo les, e men a ion con aine s, labels, and a u o ial ideo. These ma e ials we e eadily
a ailable, ele an o he p ojec , and suppo STEAM in eg a ion.
3.
Selec ion o Design Fo ma
The module was designed using Can a o be in e ac i e, a ac i e, and o encou age s uden s’ c ea i i y. I comp ises a co e page,
lea ning objec i es, ins uc ional ac i i ies, con en ma e ials, and s uden wo kshee s (LKPD).
D.
De elopmen S age
1.
Ma e ial Valida ion
The ma e ial alida o , D a. Fa ida Hanum, M.Pd., assessed he easibili y o he con en , subjec ma e ial, and language, wi h an
o e all sco e o 4.26 (highly alid). Re isions we e made o educe wo d epe i ion and s eng hen STEAM in eg a ion.
2.
Media Valida ion
Fe di A a e alua ed he media’s isual design, unc ionali y, and use sui abili y. The o e all sco e was 3.8 ( alid). Re isions we e
made o he p opo ion o ex o imp o e eadabili y.
3.
Ins uc ional Design Valida ion
M s. S i U ami, M.Pd., assessed he sui abili y o he design, easibili y, and p ac icali y o he lea ning, gi ing a sco e o 4.3 (highly
alid). He sugges ions ocused on s eng hening c i ical hinking and linking p ac ice wi h eal en i onmen al condi ions.
E.
P oduc T ials
1.
Small Scale
A small-scale ial was conduc ed wi h 10 s uden s. The esul s o s uden esponses showed an a e age sco e o 3.4 on he Like
scale, in he good o e y good ca ego y. The module was conside ed easy o unde s and, bu needed addi ional illus a ions and
mo e de ailed ins uc ions.
2.
La ge Scale
The la ge scale ial was conduc ed wi h 29 s uden s. S uden s ollowed all s ages o he p ojec , including p ac icing how o make
eco-enzyme and designing labels. The p e es and pos es esul s demons a ed a signi ican imp o emen in s uden s’
en i onmen al li e acy.:
Figu e 1. S uden s Collabo a ing o P ac ice he P ojec Module
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Figu e 2. S uden s Ha es ing and Labeling he Eco-Enzyme
Table 3. A ec i e Aspec
Va iable
P e es
Pos es
Gain
Ca ego y
A e age
27,52
36,48
0,72
High
Table 4. Cogni i e Aspec
Va iable
P e es
Pos es
Gain
Ca ego y
A e age
71,79
91,55
0,70
High
Psychomo o obse a ions e ealed imp o emen s in h ee P5 dimensions: c ea i i y (designing bo les and labels), independence
(p epa ing wo k plans), and coope a ion/go ong oyong (g oup collabo a ion). These indings indica e ha he STEAM-based eco-
enzyme p ojec module is e ec i e in imp o ing s uden s’ en i onmen al li e acy. The p ojec -based app oach o e s con ex ual
lea ning expe iences ha os e s uden pa icipa ion, c ea i i y, and collabo a ion. Expe alida ion and la ge-scale ials con i m
he module’s easibili y, e ec i eness, and i s capaci y o os e he dimensions o he Pancasila S uden P o ile. O e all, in eg a ing
STEAM in o he eco-enzyme p ojec p o ides a holis ic lea ning expe ience ha in eg a es cogni i e, a ec i e, and psychomo o
domains. This app oach enables s uden s no only o unde s and he concep o eco-enzymes bu also o apply i in eal-wo ld
con ex s while deepening hei en i onmen al awa eness.
CONCLUSION
The e ec i eness o he p ojec module is e idenced by imp o emen s in s uden s’ cogni i e and a ec i e lea ning ou comes The
a e age cogni i e sco e inc eased om 71.79 o 91.55 (N-Gain = 0.70, ca ego ized as high), while he a ec i e sco e ose om
27.52 o 36.48 (N-Gain = 0.72, also ca ego ized as high).. These esul s demons a e ha p ojec -based lea ning g ounded in eal-
wo ld p ac ice can signi ican ly enhance s uden s’ concep ual unde s anding and en i onmen al conce n. Fu he mo e, he
imp o emen in lea ning ou comes a i ms ha deep lea ning—emphasizing concep ual unde s anding, c i ical hinking, p oblem-
sol ing, and knowledge ans e —was success ully achie ed h ough he de elopmen o his module.
In e na ional Jou nal o Cu en Science Resea ch and Re iew
ISSN: 2581-8341
Volume 08 Issue 11 No embe 2025
DOI: 10.47191/ijcs /V8-i11-24, Impac Fac o : 8.048
IJCSRR @ 2025
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like o exp ess my since e g a i ude o he Uni e si y o Te buka o i s unwa e ing suppo h oughou 2025. My hea el
hanks go o he lec u e s, echnicians, and s a membe s o he Uni e si y o Te buka in Indonesia o hei in aluable assis ance.
You dedica ion and i eless e o s ha e been c ucial o ou success his yea . The commi men and expe ise o he en i e eam
ha e had a p o ound impac on ou achie emen s. I deeply app ecia e e e y con ibu ion made o help us each ou goals.
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