Comments regarding the identity and typification of two species of Cynorkis Thouars (Orchidaceae, Orchidioideae, Habenariinae) from the Mascarene Islands

2025  47  20
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ADANSONIA, sé . 3 • 2025 • 47 (20)
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MOTS CLÉS
O chidaceae,
Cyno kis,
Île Mau ice,
La Réunion,
Flo e des Masca eignes,
co ec ion de ypi ica ion.
KEY WORDS
O chidaceae,
Cyno kis,
La Réunion,
Mau i ius,
Flo e des Masca eignes,
ypi ica ion co ec ion.
Johan HERMANS
He ba ium, Royal Bo anic Ga dens, Kew, Richmond, Su ey, TW9 3AE (Uni ed Kingdom)
and Co e Facili y, Bo anical Ga den, Uni e si y o Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna (Aus ia)
[email p o ec ed]
Phillip J. CRIBB
He ba ium, Royal Bo anic Ga dens, Kew, Richmond, Su ey, TW9 3AE (Uni ed Kingdom)
[email p o ec ed]
Submi ed on 14 Janua y 2025 | accep ed on 3 Ap il 2025 | published on 17 No embe 2025
Commen s ega ding he iden i y and ypi ica ion
o wo species o Cyno kis Thoua s (O chidaceae,
O chidioideae, Habena iinae) om he Masca ene Islands
He mans J. & C ibb P. J. 2025. — Commen s ega ding he iden i y and ypi ica ion o wo species o Cyno kis Th-
oua s (O chidaceae, O chidioideae, Habena iinae) om he Masca ene Islands. Adansonia, sé . 3, 47 (20): 333-339.
h ps://doi.o g/10.5252/adansonia2025 47a20. h p://adansonia.com/47/20
ABSTRACT
Commen s and co ec ions on wo ecen pape s ega ding he nomencla u e and ypi ica ion o
some Cyno kis Thoua s om Mau i ius and La Réunion a e p esen ed, namely he iden i y o Cyn-
o kis ine mis (Thoua s) He mans& P.J.C ibb and he ypi ica ion o Cyno kis mic an ha (F app. ex
Co dem.) Schl . The ypi ica ion o C. a no ioides Rchb. . is also men ioned.
RÉSUMÉ
Commen ai es conce nan l’iden i é e la ypi ica ion de deux espèces de Cyno kis Thoua s (O chidaceae,
O chidioideae, Habena iinae) des Masca eignes.
Des commen ai es e des co ec ions su deux a icles écen s conce nan la nomencla u e e la ypi i-
ca ion de quelques Cyno kis Thoua s de l’île Mau ice e de La Réunion son ou nis, à sa oi l’iden i é
de Cyno kis ine mis (Thoua s) He mans& P.J.C ibb e la ypi ica ion de Cyno kis mic an ha (F app.
ex Co dem.) Schl . La ypi ica ion de C. a no ioides Rchb. . es aussi men ionnée.
334 ADANSONIA, sé . 3 • 2025 • 47 (20)
He mans J.& C ibb P. J.
INTRODUCTION
Two ecen pape s (Paille & Baide 2024; Paille e al. 2024)
in Adansonia eassess he nomencla u e o wo species o o -
chids, as ea ed in he ecen ly published o chid pa o he
Flo e des Masca eignes (He mans& C ibb 2021; He mans&
C ibb 2023). The publica ion o he o chid olumes o he
Flo e des Masca eignes no only saw he comple ion o he Flo e
i sel bu also es ablished a benchma k o cu en knowledge
o he o chids om he a chipelago. The O chidaceae accoun s
aimed o summa ise cu en knowledge and o s imula e u -
he deba e and esea ch on he amily. We we e ully awa e
ha , conside ing he quan i y o in o ma ion and complexi y,
some o ou axonomic decisions would be con o e sial and
lead o cons uc i e discussion. In his con ex we would like
o commen on some o he a gumen s ecen ly pu o wa d
by Paille and his coau ho s in he pape s men ioned abo e.
No es on an ea lie e-in e p e a ion o se e al Cyno kis om
he Masca enes (Paille e al. 2022a, b) ha e been add essed
p e iously (He mans& C ibb 2023: addendum 339-340).
THE IDENTITIES OF AMPHORKIS INERMIS
THOUARS AND ARNOTTIA MAURITIANA A.RICH.
(CF. Paille & Baide 2024)
He mans& C ibb (2021: 108; 2023: 195) ecognised a
a iable and ela i ely widesp ead Cyno kis ine mis (Thoua s)
He mans& P.J.C ibb and ea ed A no ia mau i iana A.Rich.
as conspeci ic wi h i . Paille & Baide (2024) a gue ha he e
a e wo dis inc en i ies: Cyno kis ine mis almos exclusi ely
endemic o Mau i ius and C. mau i iana (A.Rich.) Paille &
Baide la gely endemic o La Réunion.
Al hough hey e e o he Flo e des Masca eignes accoun
(He mans& C ibb 2023), he synonymising o A no ia
mau i iana wi h Cyno kis ine mis was i s published in 2017
(He mans e al.: 38). This decision was based on dissec ions,
measu emen s and ho ough esea ch o a ailable ma e ial
and also ollowed he concep o se e al o he au ho s and
he ba ium anno a ions (Richa d 1828: 30, K aenzlin on
Boi in 1073 (G He b. Ba bey-Boissie ), Comme son ? s.n. in
He b. Richa d P[P00738183], e c.). This in e p e a ion was
ollowed by Paille e al. (2018: 101) and Paille & Henze
(2020: 109).
In mo e ecen wo k Paille & Baide (2024) ecognised wo
sepa a e species based upon hei in e p e a ion o he ypes,
associa ed ma e ial, and an analysis o he ba ium ma e ial.
They conside ed Cyno kis ine mis o di e om C. mau i iana
in se e al cha ac e s, namely, by he lanceola e lea es ( s o al-
oblong), sho e lo al b ac s, smalle non- esupina e, ma -
bled (“ma b ée” acco ding o Du Pe i -Thoua s’ desc ip ion)
lowe s ( s esupina e, pu ple), b oadly oblong la e al sepals
( s spa hula e-o al). Thei compa a i e able shows all lo al
segmen s o be dis inc ly smalle by a hi d o a hal (Paille &
Baide 2024: 163). Al hough Du Pe i -Thoua s (1822: able
1 b.2, . 5) eco ded his Cyno kis ine mis (as Ampho chis ine -
mis) om Mau i ius and La Réunion, he au ho s pos ula ed
ha he species has almos exclusi ely been ound, bu no
ecen ly, in Mau i ius whils Cyno kis mau i iana, despi e i s
name, is almos exclusi ely endemic o La Réunion whe e i is
ela i ely common ( he e a e ecen eco ds om Madagasca
oo (He mans 2024a: 389; 2024b: 59).
I is clea ha he Du Pe i -Thoua s pla e (Du Pe i -Thoua s
1822: .5) (Fig. 1) o Cyno kis ine mis shows he lowe s wi h
he lip uppe mos and a leas some o he lowe s o he ype
ma e ial P[P00693148] appea so as well. In his con ex i
is impo an o unde s and he me hods used by Du Pe i -
Thoua s (1758-1832): he spen se e al yea s bo anising in
Madagasca , La Réunion and Mau i ius, e u ning o F ance
in 1802 (He mans 2000) bu his main wo k and illus a ions
o he o chids om he egion did no appea un il wen y
yea s la e (Du Pe i -Thoua s 1822). The e is no doub ha
he pla es o his wo k we e d awn by him om he ba ium
ma e ial; some o his pla es a e mi o images o he he ba ium
plan s. All conside ed, his d awings a e ema kably accu a e
bu he na u al posi ion o he lip o his Cyno kis ine mis,
which is o en ecu ed in li ing plan s (Fig. 2), can become
uppe mos in d ied and p essed ma e ial, he lip also wi he s
soon a e an hesis and i ually disappea s, wi h he o he
epals emaining and appea ing non- esupina e when p essed.
This cha ac e is ic is e y ob ious in mic oscopic examina ion
o he di e en lowe s o he ype P[P00693148]. The lip o
Cyno kis ine mis is qui e a iable in shape and can ange om
simple o somewha h ee-lobed owa ds he apex o base; his
a iabili y was also no ed by Moo e in Bake (1877: 339).
Richa d’s desc ip ion and illus a ions show he same a ia-
ion (Richa d 1828: 30, pl. 7), as explained in He mans e al.
(2017: 38). The e a e se e al examples o ypical ‘Cyno kis
mau i iana’ om La Réunion appea ing non- esupina e on
he ba ium shee s (Fe a d 2461 [CBNM]; Goudo s.n. [1833]
[G]; Schlieben lo 851 [M]; Co demoy s.n. [MARS087757];
Bosse 21279 [P00738207]; Bosse 21359 [P00738347]; Ca-
de 4803 [P00738198]; Comme son s.n. [P00693160]). The
achis is somewha py amidal bu can be mo e elonga ed,
especially in young plan s. In addi ion, dissec ion o he Th-
oua s ype P(P00693148) showed a leas he lowe lowe s
o be esupina e and he shape o all lowe pa s, including
he column, being clea ly ha o ‘Cyno kis mau i iana’, as
desc ibed la e by Richa d as A no ia mau i iana. The e a e
also se e al examples o Thoua s’ illus a ions showing lowe s
esupina e when hey a e non- esupina e in li ing ma e ial
and ice e sa (e.g. Polys achya usi o mis . 86, P. cul i o mis
. 87 (Du Pe i -Thoua s 1822).
In e p e a Ion o he ba Ium ma e Ial
and measu emen s
Paille & Baide (2024), o a g ea ex en , ha e dis inguished
Cyno kis ine mis and C. mau i iana on a compa ison o lea
and lowe -size, wi h C. ine mis being conside ably smalle
in i s lo al and ege a i e pa s. Thei measu emen s a e
based upon eigh he ba ium specimens (Paille & Baide
2024: 163, able 2). Un o una ely, when o he specimens
a e included he dis inc ion be ween hei axa is less clea -
cu . Du ing esea ch on he o chid lo a o Madagasca and
335
Typi ica ion o wo species o Cyno kis Thoua s (O chidaceae, O chidioideae, Habena iinae) om he Masca ene Islands
ADANSONIA, sé . 3 • 2025 • 47 (20)
ig. 1. — Du Pe i -Thoua s’ pla e (1822: .5) o Cyno kis ine mis (Thoua s) He mans & P.J.C ibb.

336 ADANSONIA, sé . 3 • 2025 • 47 (20)
He mans J.& C ibb P. J.
he Masca enes we ha e dissec ed, d awn and eco ded many
plan s o Cyno kis ine mis/mau i iana. I is clea ha a num-
be o specimens we ha e examined ha e la ge o smalle
lea es and lowe s han hose shown in hei able2 (Pail-
le & Baide 2024: 163). Fo example, he ype o Cyno kis
ine mis (Thoua s 4 (P00693148) has an o a y 8 mm long ( s
max. 6.6mm acco ding o Paille & Baide ), la e al sepals
3 mm wide ( s2.3mm max.), and pe als ha a e 1.9 mm
wide ( s max. 1.2 mm), Du Pe i -Thoua s’ illus a ion shows
a ela i ely long b oad lea (Du Pe i -Thoua s 1822: . 5).
O he examples om Mau i ius include: Gungadu doss&
Se a hian 26967 (MAU0019451), wi h lea es 19 mm wide
( smax. 15 mm) and la e al sepals c.6 mm long ( smax
5.3 mm); Bou on? He b. Mon pellie (MPU1417314) wi h
a lea 16mm wide ( smax. 15 mm); o he Bou on collec-
ions (BR0000641070), he b. Hooke K, (MAU001535),
which ha e a b oad ange o lea and lowe measu emen s;
plan s om d’Alleize e’s he ba ium (CLF354014) all wi h
b oad lea es and ela i ely la ge lowe s; a wa e colou a
K by James William Duncan (1835-1915) om Mau i ius
accompanying he ba ium ma e ial, also om Mau i ius
(Fig. 3), clea ly showing a ypical ‘Cyno kis mau i iana’,
coinciden ally wi h some o he olde lowe s appea ing
o ha e he lip uppe mos . In La Réunion some plan s
o Cyno kis mau i iana ha e smalle lea es and/o lowe s
han he pa ame e s gi en o ‘Cyno kis ine mis’, including
Schlieben lo 851 (M) and Schlieben s.n. (MAU012310),
Co demoy s.n. (MARS087648, MARS087757) and de l’Isle
s.n. (P00738200).
ConClusIon
We emain con iden ha Cyno kis ine mis and C. mau i iana
a e pa o he same mo phologically a iable species. We
conside he cause o his a iabili y o be ha specimens a e
pelo ic o semi-pelo ic. A simila kind o a iabili y has also
been ecognised o example in Cyno kis pa adoxa (F app. ex
Co dem.) Schl ., which inciden ally has been con used on
se e al occasions wi h C. ine mis in he ba ia. Ano he well-
known example is ha o he Asian Habena ia den a a (Sw.)
Schl ., whe e pelo ic (spu less), semi-pelo ic (sho -spu ed)
and no mal o ms (long-spu ed) a e common, which ha e all
been named as dis inc species. The p oposi ion ha Cyno kis
mau i iana is la gely endemic o La Réunion and C. ine mis
o Mau i ius (bu no seen ecen ly and possibly ex inc ) is
no suppo ed by he ex ensi e he ba ium ma e ial and o he
sou ces ha ha e been examined.
I li ing plan s o a Cyno kis wi h he lip uppe mos , ma -
bled lowe colou , na ow lea es and small lowe s wi hou
a spu we e o be ound in Mau i ius, we migh change ou
opinion bu as i has been es ablished ha Du Pe i -Thoua s’
ype specimen o C. ine mis is no signi ican ly di e en om
C. mau i iana i could hen be ha he e is ano he , unnamed
species in ol ed, bu we canno see e idence showing ha Du
Pe i -Thoua s’ Cyno kis ine mis is no he same as Richa d’s
C. mau i iana.
TYPIFICATION OF HEMIPERIS MICRANTHA
(FRAPP. EX CORDEM.) SCHLTR.
(CF. Paille e al. 2024)
I is clea ha he la ge genus Cyno kis is polyphyle ic and con-
ains a numbe o species ha may belong elsewhe e. Ongoing
gene ic wo k will undoub edly un a el his compound g oup.
The axonomic posi ion and nomencla u e o Cyno kis mi-
c an ha (F app. ex Co dem.) Schl . a e complex, as ou lined
by Paille e al. (2024). The ea men o his pa icula species
by He mans& C ibb (2021, 2023) con ains e o s, some o
which ha e al eady been add essed (He mans& C ibb 2023
addendum) and we a e g a e ul o Paille and his cowo ke s o
hei sugges ions. Thei neo- ypi ica ion o Hemipe is mic an-
ha wi h Paille 167 (REU007364), howe e is ques ionable:
F appie in Co demoy (1895: 239) was a ely speci ic on he
ma e ial used in his desc ip ions, in his ins ance his p o o-
logue has simply: ‘Hab., e c... ? u sec. spon . (he bie du Mus.
de la Reun.’ In line wi h he in e p e a ion o o he F appie
and Co demoy he ba ium ma e ial, i can be assumed ha
F appie desc ibed plan s ha became pa o he Co demoy
he ba ium, ini ially in La Réunion bu la e ans e ed o
ig. 2
. — In lo escence o Cyno kis ine mis (Thoua s) He mans & P.J.C ibb
in La Réunion, showing he ele a ed and wi he ing lip (pho o: J. He mans).
337
Typi ica ion o wo species o Cyno kis Thoua s (O chidaceae, O chidioideae, Habena iinae) om he Masca ene Islands
ADANSONIA, sé . 3 • 2025 • 47 (20)
ig. 3. — He ba ium shee K[K001552919], showing a wa e colou by Duncan o Cyno kis ine mis (Thoua s) He mans & P.J.C ibb and a Bou on specimen, bo h
om Mau i ius (cou esy Royal Bo anic Ga dens, Kew).
338 ADANSONIA, sé . 3 • 2025 • 47 (20)
He mans J.& C ibb P. J.
he Aix-Ma seille Uni e si é (MARS) he ba ium. Du ing
ou esea ch, wo specimens om he Co demoy he ba ium
(MARS and K) we e ound o co espond wi h he p o ologue
and, being associa ed wi h he au ho and his he ba ium and
ma ching mo e ecen ma e ial, we e he e o e chosen as lec-
o ypes (He mans& C ibb 2021: 103, no 2023 as s a ed in
Paille e al. 2024: 150). The wo specimens we e anno a ed
by Co demoy as Hemipe is, (Habena ia), (Besche ellia) aphylla,
an unpublished name which was p obably ini ially in ended
o he plan s, hey a e wi hou much doub pa o o iginal
ma e ial used by F appie . Paille e al. (2024: 150) dismissed
he lec o ypi ica ion because i was: ‘collec ed in 1896, a e he
(1895) publica ion o he basionym’ [collec é en 1896, ap ès la
publica ion du basionyme en 1895]. This s a emen is inco ec :
he specimen o ‘Co demoy9’ a K [K001551482] is pa o a
small g oup o o chid ma e ial acqui ed in 1896 and 1897 by
he Kew he ba ium, oge he wi h Co demoy’s handw i en
labels. The label on ‘Co demoy9’ is anno a ed by Robe Al-
len Rol e (1855-1921), hen cu a o o he o chid he ba ium
a Kew, as ‘Com. D . Co demoy 1896’ and ‘Ido Reunion’, he
same no e being ound on o he specimens ob ained a he
same ime. The ‘Com.’ is an abb e ia ion o ‘communica i ’ and
clea ly e e s o he da e he specimen a i ed a Kew and no
o i s da e o collec ion. The e o e, i is mo e han likely o ha e
been collec ed be o e 1895. The MARS lec o ype ‘Co demoy9’
was examined by us in P, when he Co demoy he ba ium was
on loan o Jean Bosse bu be o e i was ecen ly moun ed and
e-a anged a REU. This unmoun ed specimen comp ised
se e al plan s, labels and no es, including one sepa a e no e
wi h he da e 22Ma ch1897 bu his is no in Co demoy’s
handw i ing and is likely o be a la e addi ion. We ha e ied
o e i y his MARS specimen bu no wi hs anding se e al
eques s o in o ma ion o REU we ha e ecei ed no indica-
ion o i s whe eabou s since i was moun ed. The Co demoy/
F appie he ba ium ma e ial is o iginal and s ongly associa ed
wi h p o ologue, he e o e, acco ding o he nomencla u e code
(Tu land e al. 2018), unde a icle 9.3, 9.8, 9.11, 9.12, 9.19
he designa ed lec o ypes ‘Co demoy 9’ a e alid and should
be ollowed; he lec o ype akes p ecedence o e he neo ype
unless he e is se ious con lic wi h he p o ologue.
Paille e al. (2024: 150) also s a ed, wi hou p o iding de-
ails, ha he desc ip ion o he species by He mans& C ibb
(2023: 118) appea s e oneous compa ed wi h he p o ologue
and ype. In common wi h all desc ip ions in mode n Flo as,
ou ex was based no only on he p o ologue and ype bu
also on all o he addi ional he ba ium ma e ial, dissec ions,
d awings, desc ip ions, li ing ma e ial and pho og aphs. As
a esul , he desc ip ion gi es he ull ange o measu emen s
and cha ac e is ics o he species, which as o be expec ed goes
in some espec s beyond he p o ologue.
LECTOTYPIFICATION OF CYNORKIS
ARNOTTIOIDES RCHB F.
Paille & Baide (2024: 164) conside ed ha he Reichen-
bach he ba ium lec o ype o Cyno kis a no ioides Rchb .
(1855: 213), which we now belie e o be he same as Cyno kis
pa adoxa (F app. ex Co dem.) Schl . (1915: 401), wi h he
o me ha ing nomencla u al p io i y, is misiden i ied. Ac-
co ding o ou d awings and measu emen s, he iden i y o
he designa ed lec o ype (Reichenbach: W He b. O chid N
0046815) is co ec bu ecen ly disco e ed he ba ium ma e-
ial o Cyno kis a no ioides has come o ligh which makes
ou lec o ypi ica ion inco ec . This will be add essed in a
o hcoming pape .
Acknowledgemen s
We a e mos g a e ul o B uno Vila, cu a o o he Ma seille
he ba ium, Thie y De oin (Muséum na ional d’His oi e
na u elle, Pa is) and wo anonymous e iewe s o hei help
and commen s.
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