ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
807
A FRAMEWORK FOR USING A MOTIVATIONAL APPROACH IN TEACHING THE
SCRATCH VISUAL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
Bozo o Akmal Ashi o ich
Ka shi S a e Uni e si y, Uzbekis an
Anno a siya. Ushbu maqolada umumiy o‘ a a’lim mak abla ining 5-sin o‘qu chila iga izual
das u lash, xususan Sc a ch muhi i o qali das labki algo i mik kompe ensiyala ni shakllan i ishga
qa a ilgan me odik yondashu ishlab chiqilgan. Tadqiqo da o‘qu chila da das u lashga bo‘lgan
qiziqishning pasayishiga sabab bo‘layo gan exnologik qulaylikla , sun’iy in ellek osi ala ining
keng qo‘llanishi kabi zamona iy omilla ahlil qilingan.
Kali so‘zla : izual das u lash, Sc a ch, algo i mik ik lash, mo i a sion yondashu , in e aol a’lim,
gami ika siya, uchlik me odi, 5-sin , In o ma ika a’limi, aqamli kompe ensiyala .
Аннотация. В данной статье разработан методический подход, направленный на
формирование начальных алгоритмических компетенций у учащихся 5-х классов
общеобразовательных школ посредством визуального программирования, в частности, среды
Sc a ch. В исследовании проанализированы современные факторы, такие как технологические
удобства и широкое использование средств искусственного интеллекта, которые приводят к
снижению интереса учащихся к программированию.
Ключевые слова: визуальное программирование, Sc a ch, алгоритмическое мышление,
мотивационный подход, интерактивное обучение, геймификация, метод тройки, 5-й класс,
обучение информатике, цифровые компетенции.
Abs ac . This a icle de elops a me hodological app oach aimed a o ming ini ial algo i hmic
compe encies in isual p og amming, in pa icula , h ough he Sc a ch en i onmen , o 5 h g ade
s uden s o gene al seconda y schools. The s udy analyzes mode n ac o s such as echnological
con eniences and he widesp ead use o a i icial in elligence ools, which cause a dec ease in
s uden s' in e es in p og amming.
Keywo ds: isual p og amming, Sc a ch, algo i hmic hinking, mo i a ional app oach, in e ac i e
lea ning, gami ica ion, iple me hod, 5 h g ade, Compu e Science educa ion, digi al compe encies.
In con empo a y gene al seconda y educa ion, he algo i hmiza ion and isual p og amming block
cons i u es a pi o al componen o he subjec “In o ma ics and In o ma ion Technologies.” The
sys ema ic s udy o his sec ion no only lays he g oundwo k o s uden s’ in oduc o y p og amming
compe encies, bu also cul i a es key in ellec ual capaci ies such as logical easoning, c i ical
e alua ion, and s uc u ed p oblem decomposi ion. As a esul , lea ne s de elop a well- o med
unde s anding o he na u e o digi al echnologies, he ope a ional ounda ions o compu e
p og ams, and he p ac ical ele ance o algo i hmic p ocesses in eal-wo ld con ex s [1].
Howe e , many esea che s emphasize ha in ecen yea s, he apid de elopmen o he IT sec o , in
pa icula , he deep pene a ion o mode n so wa e ools and a i icial in elligence sys ems in o
e e yday li e, has signi ican ly educed he need o s uden s o independen ly de elop algo i hms o
engage in isual p og amming [2]. Tha is, he ease o managing complex echnologies weakens
s uden s' in e es in unde s anding he speci ic con en o he p og amming p ocess. The e o e, i is
necessa y o de elop new pedagogical app oaches aimed a es o ing, s eng hening and de eloping
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
808
s uden s' in e es in algo i hmiza ion and isual p og amming in oday's educa ional p ocess. In
pa icula , imp o ing he o ms, me hods and ools o eaching isual p og amming languages,
en iching he educa ional p ocess wi h in e ac i e and mo i a ional lea ning en i onmen s, and
applying me hodological solu ions ha a e app op ia e o he age cha ac e is ics and indi idual
in e es s o s uden s a e one o he u gen asks o oday. Resea ch in his a ea no only o ms s uden s'
posi i e a i udes owa ds p og amming, bu also helps hem become compe en specialis s in line
wi h he equi emen s o he digi al economy in he u u e.
In his ega d, i is impo an o imp o e he eaching o algo i hms and isual p og amming in gene al
seconda y schools based on mode n pedagogical echnologies, especially o p ima y school s uden s,
and o o ganize he lea ning p ocess in an in e es ing, simple and unde s andable way. In his ega d,
he Sc a ch pla o m, which is widely used as a isual p og amming en i onmen , se es as a
con enien ool o s uden s o ake hei i s s eps in p og amming.
Scien i ic esea ch in his ega d, namely on he me hodology o o ming and de eloping s uden s'
p og amming compe encies, has been conduc ed by scien is s such as U.M.Mi sano [3],
N.A.O akhano [4], R.N.Tu' ae [5], K.N.Djumabae [6], O'.O'.Jumanko'ziye [7], F.F.Kasimo [8],
F.J.Tokhi o [9], D.A.Sha o [10], S.S.So okin [11], Y.N.Nilo a [12], Sun-Hea Choi [13].
These scien is s s udied he issues o imp o ing he me hodology o eaching Delphi, Py hon and
Sc a ch languages in gene al seconda y schools, de eloping s uden s' p og amming compe encies
based on digi al echnologies and in e ac i e ools, and eaching objec -o ien ed p og amming
h ough di e en ial echnologies. Based on he esea ch o he abo e-men ioned scien is s, a scien i ic
and me hodological amewo k was de eloped wi hin he amewo k o he s udy o imp o e he
e ec i eness o eaching he Sc a ch isual p og amming language o 5 h g ade s uden s o gene al
seconda y schools, as well as o use a mo i a ional app oach in he o ma ion o s uden s' logical and
algo i hmic hinking skills ela ed o isual p og amming (see Figu e 1).
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
809
Figu e 1. S uc u e o using a mo i a ional app oach in eaching he Sc a ch isual
p og amming language o 5 h g ade s.
This amewo k encompasses se e al key elemen s, including he c ea ion o lea ning condi ions ha
s imula e s uden s’ in e es , hei engagemen in independen inqui y and hands-on ac i i ies, and he
encou agemen o design p ojec s g ounded in eal-wo ld con ex s. Such an app oach enhances
lea ne s’ in insic mo i a ion owa d isual p og amming, inc eases hei en husiasm o mas e ing
he subjec ma e , and g adually nu u es he de elopmen o algo i hmic hinking. Consequen ly,
in oduc o y p og amming asks ca ied ou in he Sc a ch en i onmen a e pe cei ed no as di icul
echnical p ocedu es, bu a he as c ea i e, engaging, and pu pose-d i en lea ning expe iences.
This app oach also in ol es using he iple me hod o de elop s uden s' algo i hmic hinking in he
Sc a ch isual p og amming language (see Table 1).
Table 1
S uc u e o o ganizing lessons based on a mo i a ional app oach
In oduc ion: Mo i a ion and
in e es
Key concep : in e ac i e
lea ning
P ac ical exe cise:
ein o cemen
P ojec p esen a ion and
e lec ion
Rein o ce new knowledge
gained
Mul imedia in oduc ion, Challenge (In e es ing
ask o ques ion), Gami ica ion elemen
Block explana ion, in oduc ion o mode n
echnologies
“Le 's w i e code” o “Le 's c ea e a p ojec ”
s age
Pi ching (p ojec p esen a ion), incen i es and
a ing sys em
Announcing he "Nex Mission", linking o
online esou ces
Lea ning ools: esea ch-based in o ma ion lea ning en i onmen s, educa ional po als,
educa ional websi es, isual p og amming pla o ms.
Final s age: in e es ing
homewo k and p epa a ion o
he nex lesson
Announcing he "Nex Mission", linking o
online esou ces
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
810
Example o using he iple me hod
You ask is o na iga e and exi he gi en maze. To accomplish his, you mus i s iden i y
he sequence o s eps necessa y o eaching he exi . A e de e mining hese ac ions,
cons uc a block-based algo i hm ha accu a ely ep esen s and execu es his sequence..
The iad me hod ep esen s a h ee-column amewo k g ounded in he sequen ial o maliza ion o a
ask ac oss senso y, model-based, and concep ual le els. This app oach e lec s he na u al
p og ession o human cogni ion, beginning wi h he in ui i e pe cep ion o an objec , ollowed by he
analysis o i s p ac ical a ibu es, and culmina ing in abs ac ion and gene aliza ion. The use o isual
ins uc ional ools ha p esen knowledge in concep ual, model, and senso y o ms conside ably
enhances he e ec i eness o his me hod [14].
Thus, analysis o he esea ch ma e ials and he p oposed me hodological amewo k demons a es
ha he ollowing co e ou comes can be achie ed:
1. Enhanced mo i a ion owa d isual p og amming. The in eg a ion o gami ica ion elemen s,
mul imedia esou ces, and p ojec -o ien ed lea ning signi ican ly inc eases s uden s’ engagemen in
he lea ning p ocess. As a esul , wo king wi h Sc a ch becomes a s imula ing, c ea i e, and enjoyable
ac i i y o lea ne s.
2. Sys ema ic de elopmen o algo i hmic hinking. The applica ion o he iad me hod allows
s uden s o app oach asks in a s uc u ed manne : beginning wi h senso y pe cep ion, p og essing o
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
811
model cons uc ion, and ul ima ely eaching concep ual gene aliza ion. This sequen ial p ocess
suppo s he na u al g ow h o logical and analy ical hinking skills.
3. S eng hening o p ac ical compe encies in he Sc a ch en i onmen . Th ough block coding, each
lesson guides s uden s om simple exe cises o inc easingly complex p ojec asks. This s ep-by-
s ep p og ession enables lea ne s o acqui e a deepe and mo e p ac ical unde s anding o
p og amming p inciples.
4. P epa a ion o independen inqui y and p ojec c ea ion. The concluding phases o he lesson -
such as pi ching, e lec i e analysis, and he “nex mission” componen - encou age lea ne s o
e alua e hei own p og ess and ake ini ia i e in u he imp o emen . This s uc u e g adually
nu u es hei eadiness o independen esea ch and p ojec de elopmen , os e ing sus ained in e es
in mo e complex a eas o in o ma ion echnology in he u u e.
5. A me hodological model aligned wi h con empo a y s anda ds o compu e science educa ion has
been de eloped. The p oposed s uc u e is delibe a ely o ien ed owa d he o ma ion o essen ial
digi al compe encies and can be ega ded as a p ac ically signi ican me hodological solu ion o use
in gene al seconda y schools.
In conclusion, i can be said ha he app oach p esen ed in he a icle shows ha mo i a ion plays a
decisi e ole in he o ma ion o isual p og amming skills in 5 h g ade s uden s. The lesson s uc u e
designed o use he Sc a ch pla o m di ec s he s uden no only o w i e block code, bu also o hink,
analyze and u n hei ideas in o p ojec s. The use o he iple me hod g adually de elops algo i hmic
hinking skills by enhancing he s uden 's unde s anding o he p oblem a di e en le els. As a esul ,
he isual p og amming p ocess is no a complex p ocess, bu a c ea i e and mo i a ional educa ional
ac i i y. This no only acili a es he mas e y o compu e science, bu also c ea es he basis o
s uden s o become compe en specialis s a he le el o he equi emen s o he digi al economy in
he u u e.
REFERENCES
1. Bozo o A.A. O‘qu chila ning izual das u lashga oid kompe ensiyala ini shakllan i ish
muammola i // Elek on a’lim ju nali. ISSN 2181-1199. – Na oiy, 2024. – № 4. Vol. 5 – B. 65-74.
2. Bozo o A.A. Umumiy о‘ a a’lim mak ab о‘qu chila ining izual das u lashga оid
kоmpе еnsiyala ini shakllan i ish mоdеli // Elek on a’lim ju nali. ISSN 2181-1199. – Na oiy, 2025.
– № 1. Vol. 6 – B. 141-157.
3. Mi sano U.M. Uzluksiz a’lim izimida das u lash exnologiyala ini o‘qi ish me odikasini
akomillash i ish // Pedagogika anla i dok o i (DSc) disse a siyasi a o e e a i. – Chi chiq, 2023. –
76 b.
4. O axano N.A. P edme ga yoʻnal i ilgan das u lash illa ini zamona iy exnologiyala asosida
oʻqi ish uslubiyo i // Pedagogika anla i dok o i (DSc) disse a siyasi a o e e a i. – Toshken , 2025.
– 73 b.
5. Tо‘ aе R.N. О‘qu chila ga wеb-das u lashni о‘ ga u chi еlеk оn muhi ya a ish a undan
оydalanishni akоmillash i ish // Pеdagоgika anla i bо‘yicha alsa a dоk о i (PhD) dissе a siyasi
a о е е a i. – Tоshkеn , 2024. – 50 b.
6. Djumabaе K.N. Umumiy о‘ a a’lim mak abla ida py hоn das u lash ilini о‘qi ish mе оdikasini
akоmillash i ish // Pеdagоgika anla i bо‘yicha alsa a dоk о i (PhD) dissе a siyasi a о е е a i. –
Nukus, 2023. – 47 b.
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
812
7. Jumanqо‘ziyе О‘.О‘. Umum a’lim mak abla ida das u lash illa ini о‘qi ishning о‘qu mе оdik
a’minо i // Pеdagоgika anla i bо‘yicha alsa a dоk о i (PhD) dissе a siyasi a о е е a i. – Chi chiq,
2023. – 48 b.
8. Касимов Ф.Ф. Ўқувчиларнинг дастурлашга оид компетенцияларини рақамли технологиялар
асосида шакллантириш методикасини такомиллаштириш (9-синф мисолида) // Педагогика
фанлари бўйича фалсафа доктори (PhD) диссертацияси автореферати. – Бухоро, 2022. – 52 б.
9. Tokhi o F. J. e al. Enhancing algo i hmic hinking skills o applica ion de elopmen : a
me hodological app oach in p og amming educa ion //Academic Jou nal o Science, Technology and
Educa ion. – 2025. – Т. 1. – №. 6. – С. 75-81.
10. Шаров Д.А. Развитие критического мышления учащихся при обучении программированию
в курсе "информатика и икт " на профильном уровне старшей школы // Автореферат
диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата педагогических наук. – Омск, 2006. – 24
с.
11. Сорокин С. С. Формирование универсальных учебных действий у младших школьников в
процессе обучения робототехнике // Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени
кандидата педагогических наук. – Казань, 2020. – 23 с.
12. Нилова Ю.Н. Методика обучения программированию учащихся старшей школы на основе
системно - деятельностного подхода // Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени
кандидата педагогических наук. – Санкт-Петербург, 2015. – 27 с.
13. Choi S. H. Facili a ing eaching and lea ning o p og amming wi h in e ac i e mul imedia //
Doc o al disse a ion. – Napie Uni e si y, 2004. – 363 p.
14. Гаврилова И.В. Трит-методика решения алгоритмических задач на уроках информатики в
основной школе // Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата
педагогических наук. – Красноярск, 2019. – 24 с.
