No wegian Jou nal o de elopmen o he In e na ional Science No 168/2025 63
PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ARTISTIC REFLECTION OF REAL-LIFE FACTS IN THE PLAYS OF ILYAS EFENDYEV
Rzaye a G.
Senio Lec u e
Agjabadi B anch o Aze baijan S a e Pedagogical Uni e si y, Aze baijan
h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17608970
Abs ac
In he his o y o Aze baijani li e a u e, one o he pe sonali ies who played an impo an ole in he
de elopmen o d ama u gy, p ose and jou nalism since he middle o he 20 h cen u y was Ilyas E endiye . In
addi ion o con inuing he ealis ic adi ions o na ional li e a u e, he also ga e impe us o he o ma ion o new
a is ic and aes he ic quali ies. The w i e 's c ea i i y has become an exp ession no only o he li e a y p ocess,
bu also o he socio-mo al landscape o he e a.
Ilyas E endiye is one o he pe sonali ies who o med an impo an s age in he de elopmen o Aze baijani
li e a u e. His wo ks ha e le an indelible ma k on he psychological dep h o na ional d ama u gy, he o ma ion
o mode n a is ic language and he a is ic exp ession o human spi i uali y in a . The w i e 's c ea i i y emains
ele an o ou mode n e a, bo h om a li e a y and mo al-aes he ic poin o iew.
Ilyas E endiye , in addi ion o con inuing he ealis ic adi ions o na ional li e a u e, ga e impe us o he
o ma ion o new a is ic and aes he ic quali ies. The w i e 's wo k has become an exp ession no only o he
li e a y p ocess, bu also o he socio-mo al landscape o he e a.
Keywo ds: Ilyas E endiye , ealism, na ional li e a u e, u hs o li e, play, d ama u gy, c ea i e manne , e c.
Ilyas E endiye (1914–1996) ook his i s s eps in
li e a u e in he gen e o sho s o ies, bu la e became
known mo e as a playw igh . One o he main
inno a ions he b ough o li e a u e was he abili y o
del e in o he dep hs o human psychology, a
d ama u gical model based on in e nal monologue and
si ua ional ension. In E endiye 's wo ks, simple e en s
o e e yday li e a e illed wi h deep philosophical and
spi i ual con en .
The main hemes in he w i e 's wo ks a e alues
such as human digni y, mo al pu i y, conscience, lo e
and eedom. He p esen s human cha ac e unde he
in luence o he social en i onmen , and also b ings o
he o e he momen o mo al choice o each he o. This
aspec is clea ly isible in his plays such as "You A e
Always Wi h Me", "The Song Remained in he
Moun ains", "The A aye s' Family", "The Ba le o
Lo e s in Hell" (1, p.4).
In Aze baijani li e a u e, Ilyas E endiye (1914–
1996) is one o he a is s who opened a new s age in
he de elopmen o d ama u gy in he second hal o he
20 h cen u y. He is known as a w i e who pene a ed
he dep hs o human psychology in na ional d ama u gy
and a is ically e lec ed he socio-mo al p oblems o
he ime wi h eal shades o li e. The e en s, images and
si ua ions in E endiye 's plays p esen a eal pic u e o
Aze baijani socie y, ully showing he ela ionships
be ween people and ime. One o he main poe ic
ea u es o Ilyas E endiye 's d ama u gy is ealism. The
w i e p esen s li e ma e ial as i is, wi hou idealizing
i , bu wi h a is ic gene aliza ion. In plays such as "You
A e Always Wi h Me", "The A aye Family", "Days o
Joy", "The Song Remained in he Moun ains", "S ange
Boy", he a e o people om di e en walks o li e,
hei spi i ual sea ches, con lic s and ela ionships wi h
he social en i onmen a e i idly e lec ed.
The main idea o E endiye is he issue o human
mo al in eg i y and inne eedom. He e eals he inne
wo ld o his he oes wi h psychological de ails,
p esen ing hem agains he backg ound o eal li e
con adic ions.
E endiye b ings o he cen e o d ama u gy such
p oblems as he mo al c isis a ising in he p ocess o
de elopmen o socie y, he unde mining o he amily
ins i u ion, aliena ion in human ela ions, he clash o
mode ni y and adi ion. Fo example, in he play “The
A aye s’ Family”, in a- amily ela ions,
in e gene a ional con lic and he concep o mo al
esponsibili y a e ealis ically de eloped. He e he
w i e shows ha social well-being does no p o ide a
pe son’s mo al com o , and he loss o mo al alues
leads o indi idual agedies.
In he play “You a e always wi h me”, he au ho
ealis ically desc ibes he psychological pic u e o he
pos -wa yea s, he mo al u moil o a pe son ela ed o
memo y and lo e. The wo k p esen s he socio-cul u al
eali ies o he e a in uni y wi h pe sonal eelings.
The play ocuses on he impac o wa on human
psychology and social ela ions. The wo k shows bo h
indi idual and collec i e agedy: he he oes ace
losses, memo ies and mu ual esponsibili ies.
E endiye o mula es he idea he e as ollows:
his o ical and social di icul ies can change he inne
wo ld o a pe son, bu hey e ain he spi i ual in eg i y
and powe o lo e.
The he oes o he play a e depic ed wi h ealis ic
po ai s. They e lec he pe son o he mode n e a, ull
o in e nal con adic ions and psychological
complexi ies. The main cha ac e is a pe son who has
gone h ough wa s and losses, bu has p ese ed his
spi i ual s abili y. His in e nal dialogues show a pe son
being caugh be ween hope and ea . The emale image
in Ilyas E endiye 's play ac s as a amily, lo e and
mo al suppo . She also pe o ms he unc ion o a
b idge be ween he pas and he u u e. The suppo ing
cha ac e s in he wo k e lec di e en laye s o socie y
64 No wegian Jou nal o de elopmen o he In e na ional Science No 168/2025
and he social eali ies o he ime. Thei dialogues
illumina e social con lic s and people's ela ionships
wi h each o he . Each o he cha ac e s enhances bo h
he d ama ic ension and a is ic meaning in he play (2,
p.17).
As o he a is ic ea u es o he wo k, E endiye
p esen s he e en s as hey a e, a om a i icial
idealism. The social and mo al c isis o he pos -wa
socie y is e lec ed in he cha ac e s. The in e nal
monologues and mu ual ela ions o he he oes
accu a ely show hei psychological s a e. The
con e sa ions o he cha ac e s a e simple, na u al and
con incing, e lec ing he social and mo al s a e o each
cha ac e . In he wo k, he au ho symbolically shows
he impac o wa and losses h ough memo ies, music
and e e yday e en s.
Al hough he s uc u e o he play is based on he
p inciples o classical d ama u gy, E endiye en iches
i wi h psychological ealism. E en s de elop
sequen ially, bu he au ho 's a en ion is mainly
ocused on he inne wo ld o he he oes. This gi es he
wo k bo h d ama u gical and philosophical dep h.
The play "You A e Always Wi h Me" is a b illian
example o Ilyas E endiye 's a o e lec ing eal li e
eali ies in a is ic o m. By ealis ically p esen ing
human des inies, mo al and psychological di icul ies
a e he wa , he au ho b ough a aluable example o
psychological ealism o Aze baijani d ama u gy (3,
p.38). The play emphasizes he impo ance o
p ese ing he spi i ual in eg i y o a pe son in bo h an
indi idual and social con ex .
The he oes o Ilyas E endiye a e no a i icial, bu
li ing po ai s o socie y. They li e wi h he wo ies,
desi es and con adic ions o e e yday li e. The w i e
p ese es eali y in hei manne o speaking, beha io ,
and eelings. This is especially e iden in he play “The
Song Remained in he Moun ains”. He e, he bi e
eali y o he wa yea s, losses and he unshakable will
o man a e exp essed in poe ic language.
E endiye also pays special a en ion o he
psychological dep h o emale cha ac e s. In his plays,
a woman is p esen ed no only as an objec o lo e, bu
also as a spi i ual suppo , a pe sonali y s anding a he
cen e o amily and socie y.
Ilyas E endiye 's language is simple, bu has an
emo ional impac . He clea ly shows he social s a us,
way o hinking, and psychological s a e o he
cha ac e s h ough colloquial language. The au ho 's
s age speech is based on na u al dialogues in li e, which
gi es he plays since i y and c edibili y. E endiye
combines he p inciples o classical d ama u gy wi h
he psychological dep h o mode n d ama u gy in he
a is ic s uc u e.
Ilyas E endiye 's plays e lec he s ages o social
and mo al de elopmen o Aze baijani socie y as an
a is ic ch onicle. In his wo k, eal li e eali ies a e
p esen ed no only as a subjec o obse a ion, bu also
as an objec o a is ic and philosophical analysis. In
E endiye 's d ama u gy, he clash o a pe son's inne
wo ld and he social en i onmen has c ea ed a new
quali a i e s age in he de elopmen o he na ional
hea e .
E endiye p esen s he spi i ual wo ld o man,
social and mo al p oblems, as well as he alues o
pa io ism, amily, iendship and labo on a d ama ic
le el, gi ing an educa ional message o he audience. In
E endiye 's plays, he educa ional signi icance is
mani es ed in se e al aspec s. In he plays, he in e nal
s uggle o he he oes, hei mo al dilemma and he
p ocess o choice p o ide he audience wi h a mo al
example. Fo example, in he play "You A e Always
Wi h Me", he psychological and mo al e i al o he
he oes who ha e gone h ough he wa eaches he
alues o humani y, pa ience and conscience o young
people (4, p.27).
In he wo k "The A aye s' Family", he issue o
in e gene a ional con lic and he p ese a ion o
amily alues is shown h ough d ama ic means. The
plays emphasize he impo ance o p ope ly building
amily ela ionships, and child en a e educa ed in a
sense o espec o he amily and esponsibili y.
The au ho 's plays we e mainly w i en agains he
backd op o wa and social c isis. Pa io ism, social
esponsibili y and labo alues a e one o he main
hemes in hese wo ks. In he play “The Song Remained
in he Moun ains”, he consequences o wa and he
suppo o people o each o he , as well as he
impo ance o na ional uni y and solida i y, a e ins illed
in he audience.
In E endiye ’s plays, he shows he consequences
o igh and w ong, jus ice and injus ice h ough he
choices o he he oes. This educa es he audience’s
hinking and de elops hei abili y o judge e hically
and mo ally.
Ilyas E endiye uses a ious a is ic means o
ealize he educa ional goal. The inne wo ld o he
he oes is p esen ed clea ly and con incingly o he
audience. This de elops a sense o empa hy and
unde s anding in he younge gene a ion. Social and
mo al issues a e clea ly isible h ough simple and
na u al dialogues. Also, mo i s such as wa , loss, and
memo ies s eng hen he educa ional message.
Ilyas E endiye ’s plays a e an impo an example
o he educa ional unc ion in Aze baijani d ama u gy.
They a e no only in ended o pe o mance, bu also
se e he spi i ual and mo al de elopmen o he
younge gene a ion. In his plays, E endiye p esen s
he inne wo ld o man, amily, iendship, pa io ism
and mo al choices in ealis ic and a is ic-philosophical
shades, o ming hough s and eelings in he audience.
F om his poin o iew, his wo ks a e e alua ed as an
impo an ool o bo h hea e and educa ional wo k (5,
p.47).
E endiye 's d ama u gy b ough a mode n b ea h
o Aze baijani hea e a . Unlike he classical concep
o con lic , he b ough in e nal d ama and
psychological con adic ions o he o e. In his wo ks,
s age e en s a e p esen ed in he o m o a mo al
s uggle a he han an ex e nal con on a ion.
His he oes no longe i in o simple ca ego ies
such as "posi i e" and "nega i e"; hey lis en o he
oice o hei conscience in he ace o li e's complex
dilemmas. The w i e 's language is since e, na u al and
ich in a is ic exp ession.
No wegian Jou nal o de elopmen o he In e na ional Science No 168/2025 65
E endiye 's d ama u gy, especially in he 1960s–
80s, laid he ounda ion o mode n psychological
hea e on he Aze baijani s age. His plays, while
con inuing he adi ions o Ja a Jabba li, also e lec ed
he aes he ic sea ches o he new e a.
Ilyas E endiye also showed ui ul c ea i i y in
he ield o p ose. In his s o ies and na a i es such as
“Don' Look Back, Old Man”, “The Tale o Valehin
wi h a Yellow Shi ”, “The Day o he Mu de ”, he
w i e b ough o he o e on he inne wo ld o man,
alues such as conscience and esponsibili y. His p ose
language is poe ic, emo ional and ealis ic (6, p.51).
In his jou nalis ic a icles, he w i e a ached
special impo ance o he ole o li e a u e and a in he
mo al educa ion o he people, and o he ac ha a
should se e man.
Ilyas E endiye 's c ea i i y is no limi ed o his
ime. His a is ic and aes he ic p inciples ha e become
a school o subsequen gene a ions o w i e s.
E endiye 's in luence is also clea ly el in he wo k o
au ho s such as Ana , Elchin, and Isi Malikzade.
He u ned he elegance and inne eedom o he
spi i ual wo ld o man in o he main alue o li e a u e,
and s eng hened he line o humanism and aes he ic
ealism in Aze baijani li e a u e.
Ilyas E endiye is one o he pe sonali ies who
o med an impo an s age in he de elopmen o
Aze baijani li e a u e. His wo ks le an indelible ma k
on he psychological dep h o na ional d ama u gy, he
o ma ion o mode n a is ic language, and he a is ic
exp ession o human spi i uali y in a . The w i e 's
wo k emains ele an o ou mode n e a, bo h om a
li e a y and spi i ual-aes he ic poin o iew.
Re e ences:
1. E endiye I. Selec ed Wo ks. Baku: Yazichi,
1985.
2. Mi zaye M. Ilyas E endiye 's D ama u gy.
Baku: Elm, 2002.
3. Gasimzade Y. His o y o Aze baijani
D ama u gy. Baku: Maa i , 1987.
4. Mammadli R. Psychological ealism in he
d ama u gy o 20 h cen u y Aze baijan. Baku: Science
and Educa ion, 2014.
5. Guliye N. The p oblem o mode ni y and
ealism in Aze baijani li e a u e. Baku: Science, 2008.
6. Huseyno M. Ilyas E endiye : he image o
man and ime. “Aze baijan” magazine, No. 5, 2016.
