Ques ionnai e and Su ey Resul s:
Design and Technical Requi emen s o Da a T us ees
Michael S eine
F aunho e Ins i u e o So wa e and
Sys ems Enginee ing ISST, Do mund, Ge many
michael.s eine [email p o ec ed]e .de
Daniel Tebe num
F aunho e Ins i u e o So wa e and
Sys ems Enginee ing ISST, Do mund, Ge many
daniel. ebe num@iss . aunho e .de
Abs ac
This documen p esen s he comple e ques ionnai e and he su ey esul s ob ained in an expe s udy on da a
us ees. The ques ionnai e comp ises Like -scale ques ions and mul iple-answe ques ions co e ing hemes such
as us and anspa ency, da a p o ec ion, mone iza ion, algo i hm p o ision, da a sha ing, echnical equi emen s,
secu i y, usage policies, and da a spaces. Su ey esponses a e isualized using ba cha s o acili a e a di ec
compa ison o ag eemen le els and selec ion equencies.
1. In oduc ion
Da a us ees ha e eme ged as c i ical in e media ies o ensu ing secu e and complian da a sha ing in oday’s
da a-d i en en i onmen s. This documen p esen s he comple e ques ionnai e and he agg ega ed esul s om an
expe su ey ocused on hei design and echnical equi emen s. The s uc u e o ou ques ionnai e is based on he
axonomy o da a in e media ion se ices p oposed by J. Schweiho e al., 2024. This axonomy is an ex ension o
he au ho s’ ea lie wo k, which was based on a sys ema ic li e a u e e iew (J. C. Schweiho e al., 2023). The
upda ed 2024 amewo k is empi ically g ounded in an analysis o 86 companies, o ganizing se ices in o h ee ie s
o impo ance: manda o y ( ound in 100% o cases), essen ial (>80%), and op ional (<80%).
While his axonomy p o ides a obus heo e ical ounda ion, i s ca ego iza ion has no ye been alida ed om
he pe spec i e o p ac i ione s. Ou expe su ey add esses his gap by empi ically es ing whe he hese p ede ined
ca ego ies align wi h he p ac ical needs and p io i ies o da a us ee expe s. Fu he mo e, ou su ey seeks o unco e
eme ging equi emen s and ope a ional challenges no cap u ed in he exis ing amewo k. Ta ge ing expe s wi h bo h
p ac ical and heo e ical expe ience, he su ey was dissemina ed o 135 da a us ee expe s ac oss indus y, academia,
and o he sec o s. I was adminis e ed ia he open-sou ce LimeSu ey pla o m on a sel -managed se e , ensu ing
da a p i acy and egula o y compliance, and emained open o ou weeks (No embe 26, 2024, o Decembe 20,
2024). Al hough 62 esponses we e ecei ed, only 35 comple e esponses we e conside ed in he analysis o p e en
pa ial submissions om skewing he esul s o indi idual ques ions.
Rega ding esponden s’ expe ience wi h he opic, mos pa icipan s (21) epo ed ha ing wo ked wi h da a us ees
o one o h ee yea s, ollowed by se en esponden s wi h mo e han h ee yea s o in ol emen and se en who had
been engaged o less han one yea . In e ms o hei main p o essional con ex , he majo i y indica ed hey we e ac i e
in esea ch and de elopmen (24) o esea ch ac i i ies (13), wi h a smalle numbe om consul ing (7) and co po a e
da a managemen (1). When asked abou hei ole in implemen ing da a us ees, many pa icipan s iden i ied esea ch
(25) as hei p ima y ocus, ollowed by echnical expe ise (13), consul ing (11), decision-making (8), and ope a ional
applica ion (6). A ew esponden s (4) indica ed addi ional oles beyond hese ca ego ies.
The ques ionnai e is p esen ed in hema ic blocks, and he co esponding su ey esul s a e isualized h ough ba
cha s, p o iding a clea and concise ep esen a ion o he collec i e expe insigh s.
2. Ques ionnai e and Resul s
Block 1 “T us & T anspa ency” (G02Q04)
G02Q04 (Like ):
“Ra e he ollowing s a emen s ega ding da a us ees.”
•G02Q04-1: Da a us ees c ea e a high le el o us / anspa ency.
•G02Q04-2: They ensu e compliance wi h da a p o ec ion s anda ds.
•G02Q04-3: They p omo e da a exchange be ween s akeholde s.
•G02Q04-4: They imp o e e iciency in da a managemen .
•G02Q04-5: They a e necessa y in ce ain a eas (e.g., heal hca e).
Block 2 “Anonymiza ion & Da a P o ec ion” (G03Q05–G03Q08, G04Q09)
G03Q05 (Like ):
“Ra e he ollowing s a emen s abou da a anonymiza ion.”
•G03Q05-1: Anonymiza ion echniques a e essen ial o da a us ees o comply wi h da a p o ec ion
equi emen s.
•G03Q05-2: Da a us ees should use s anda dized anonymiza ion me hods.
•G03Q05-3: The anonymiza ion o da a educes i s use ulness o analy ical pu poses.
•G03Q05-4: The e is a need o new echnologies o e ec i ely anonymize da a.
•G03Q05-5: Anonymized da a should be made eely accessible.
G03Q06 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which challenges do you see in da a anonymiza ion?”
•G03Q06-a: Loss o da a quali y and accu acy.
•G03Q06-b: Complexi y in he echnical implemen a ion o anonymiza ion echniques.
•G03Q06-c: Regula o y equi emen s and compliance.
•G03Q06-d: Lack o s anda diza ion o anonymiza ion me hods.
•G03Q06-e: Risk o e-iden i ica ion o anonymized da a.
•G03Q06- : None.
G03Q07 (Like ):
“Do you ag ee wi h he ollowing s a emen s on da a anonymiza ion and da a p o ec ion?”
•G03Q07-1: The anonymiza ion o da a is su icien o mee da a p o ec ion equi emen s.
•G03Q07-2: I is necessa y o implemen addi ional da a p o ec ion measu es beyond anonymiza ion.
•G03Q07-3: Anonymiza ion echniques should be egula ly e iewed o hei e ec i eness.
•G03Q07-4: Da a us ees should con inuously assess e-iden i ica ion isks.
•G03Q07-5: Combining anonymiza ion and enc yp ion o e s a highe le el o p o ec ion o sensi i e da a.
•G03Q07-6: Agg ega ing da a is equi alen o anonymiza ion.
G03Q08 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which echnologies o me hods do you conside e ec i e o da a anonymiza ion?”
•G03Q08-a: k-anonymi y.
•G03Q08-b: Di e en ial p i acy.
•G03Q08-c: Pseudonymiza ion echniques.
•G03Q08-d: Da a masking.
•G03Q08-e: Gene a i e models (e.g., syn he ic da a).
•G03Q08- : No amilia wi h all echnologies.
G04Q09 (Like ):
“Do you ag ee wi h he ollowing s a emen s on he us wo hiness o da a us ees?”
•G04Q09-1: Open-sou ce so wa e inc eases con idence in he secu i y o da a us ees.
•G04Q09-2: A good epu a ion and ecogni ion o he so wa e de elopmen p ocess os e us in da a
us ees.
•G04Q09-3: Ce i ica ions a e a decisi e ac o in building us .
•G04Q09-4: T anspa ency ega ding so wa e and p ocesses is mo e impo an han he ype o so wa e
used.
•G04Q09-5: Independen audi s inc ease us in he da a us ee.
•G04Q09-6: The op ion o submi and iew e iews inc eases us .
Block 3 “Mone iza ion” (G05Q10–G06Q12)
G05Q10 (Like ):
“Ra e he ollowing s a emen s on he mone iza ion o da a by da a us ees.”
•G05Q10-1: Mic opaymen s pe ansac ion a e an e ec i e way o mone ize da a.
•G05Q10-2: Da a us ees should o e lexible billing models o da a ansac ions.
•G05Q10-3: Mone izing da a p omo es da a exchange be ween di e en s akeholde s.
•G05Q10-4: Mone iza ion should be in eg a ed in o he go e nance s uc u e o da a us ees.
G05Q11 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which challenges do you see in implemen ing da a mone iza ion o da a us ees?”
•G05Q11-a: Technological complexi y in in eg a ing paymen sys ems.
•G05Q11-b: High ansac ion ees.
•G05Q11-c: Regula o y unce ain ies ega ding inancial ansac ions.
•G05Q11-d: Use accep ance.
•G05Q11-e: Lack o s anda dized paymen p o ocols.
•G05Q11- : None.
24
20
13
12
26
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0,0% 20,0% 40,0% 60,0% 80,0% 100,0%
G03Q06‐a
G03Q06‐b
G03Q06‐c
G03Q06‐d
G03Q06‐e
G03Q06‐
(a) G03Q06
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12
8
10
10
15
0,0% 20,0% 40,0% 60,0% 80,0% 100,0%
G03Q08-a
G03Q08-b
G03Q08-c
G03Q08-d
G03Q08-e
G03Q08-
(b) G03Q08
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9
16
25
10
0,0% 20,0% 40,0% 60,0% 80,0% 100,0%
G05Q11-a
G05Q11-b
G05Q11-c
G05Q11-d
G05Q11-e
(c) G05Q11
Figu e 1: G ouped ba cha s o Blocks 2 and 3.
G06Q12 (Like ):
“Do you ag ee wi h he ollowing s a emen s on he impac s o da a mone iza ion?”
•G06Q12-1: Mone iza ion s eng hens us among da a p o ide s and use s.
•G06Q12-2: Financial incen i es imp o e da a quali y and imeliness.
•G06Q12-3: Paywalls may hinde smalle playe s om accessing da a.
•G06Q12-4: Mone iza ion can c ea e da a p o ec ion isks.
•G06Q12-5: T anspa en p icing models a e c ucial o success.
Block 4 “P o ision o Algo i hms” (G06Q13–G06Q15)
G06Q13 (Like ):
“Do you ag ee wi h he ollowing s a emen s on p o iding algo i hms ia da a us ees?”
•G06Q13-1: Da a us ees should o e algo i hms o da a p ocessing.
•G06Q13-2: Using one’s own algo i hms inc eases he alue o he da a us ee’s se ices.
•G06Q13-3: Secu i y conce ns c ea e ba ie s o adop ing algo i hms o e ed by da a us ees.
•G06Q13-4: Da a us ees should hos a pla o m o hi d-pa y algo i hms.
•G06Q13-5: Algo i hms o sensi i e da a mus be e iewed and ce i ied.
G06Q14 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which ypes o algo i hms o se ices should da a us ees p o ide?”
•G06Q14-a: Anonymiza ion echniques.
•G06Q14-b: Da a analy ics ools.
•G06Q14-c: Enc yp ion echniques.
•G06Q14-d: Da a quali y ools.
•G06Q14-e: Machine lea ning models.
•G06Q14- : None.
G06Q15 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which challenges a ec he p o ision o algo i hms by da a us ees?”
•G06Q15-a: Secu i y isks om unknown algo i hms.
•G06Q15-b: Compa ibili y wi h exis ing sys ems.
•G06Q15-c: Lack o anspa ency ega ding algo i hm unc ionali y.
•G06Q15-d: Regula o y and compliance equi emen s.
•G06Q15-e: De elopmen and implemen a ion cos s.
•G06Q15- : None.
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G06Q14-a
G06Q14-b
G06Q14-c
G06Q14-d
G06Q14-e
G06Q14-
(a) G06Q14
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26
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0,0% 20,0% 40,0% 60,0% 80,0% 100,0%
G06Q15-a
G06Q15-b
G06Q15-c
G06Q15-d
G06Q15-e
(b) G06Q15
Figu e 2: G ouped ba cha s o Block 4.
Block 5 “Da a Sha ing be ween Da a T us ees” (G07Q16–G07Q18)
G07Q16 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Wha a e he ad an ages o da a sha ing be ween da a us ees?”
•G07Q16-a: Imp o ed da a quali y and consis ency.
•G07Q16-b: Inc eased da a a ailabili y.
•G07Q16-c: Mo e e icien da a managemen .
•G07Q16-d: S eng hening us in da a us ees.
•G07Q16-e: Be e egula o y compliance.
•G07Q16- : None.
G07Q17 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which challenges exis in da a sha ing be ween da a us ees?”
•G07Q17-a: Da a p o ec ion conce ns.
•G07Q17-b: Complex go e nance s uc u es.
•G07Q17-c: Secu i y isks om addi ional sys ems.
•G07Q17-d: Lack o us among di e en da a us ees.
•G07Q17-e: Regula o y unce ain ies.
•G07Q17- : None.
G07Q18 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which da a us ee hie a chy a chi ec u es a e app op ia e?”
•G07Q18-a: Cen alized a chi ec u e (one da a us ee manages o he s).
•G07Q18-b: Fede a ed a chi ec u e (au onomous da a us ees collabo a e).
•G07Q18-c: Decen alized a chi ec u e (equal da a us ee s a us).
•G07Q18-d: Hyb id a chi ec u e (mix o cen alized and decen alized).
•G07Q18-e: None.
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24
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14
12
4
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G07Q16-a
G07Q16-b
G07Q16-c
G07Q16-d
G07Q16-e
G07Q16-
(a) G07Q16
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G07Q17-a
G07Q17-b
G07Q17-c
G07Q17-d
G07Q17-e
G07Q17-
(b) G07Q17
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G07Q18-a
G07Q18-b
G07Q18-c
G07Q18-d
G07Q18-e
(c) G07Q18
Figu e 3: G ouped ba cha s o Block 5.
Block 6 “Technical Requi emen s & Da a Managemen ” (G08Q19–G08Q21)
G08Q19 (Like ):
“How do you assess he ele ance o he ollowing echnical measu es in he da a managemen o da a us ees?”
•G08Q19-1: Enc yp ion and access con ols.
•G08Q19-2: Au hen ica ion and iden i y managemen .
•G08Q19-3: Da a backups and edundancy.
•G08Q19-4: Moni o ing and logging.
•G08Q19-5: Anonymiza ion and pseudonymiza ion.
•G08Q19-6: Da a e asu e (e.g., use dele ion eques s).
G08Q20 (Like ):
“Do you ag ee wi h he ollowing s a emen s on echnical aspec s?”
•G08Q20-1: T anspa ency in he da a dele ion p ocess is impo an .
•G08Q20-2: T aceabili y o da a anonymiza ion mus be ensu ed.
•G08Q20-3: Anonymized da a should be ea ed as dele ed da a.
•G08Q20-4: Da a us ees should suppo G een IT.
•G08Q20-5: Uni ied EU s anda ds a e needed in da a managemen .
•G08Q20-6: Decen alized da a managemen is essen ial.
G08Q21 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which me hods a e e ec i e in da a managemen ?”
•G08Q21-a: Enc yp ion o a chi ing.
•G08Q21-b: Anonymiza ion echniques.
•G08Q21-c: Au oma ed da a classi ica ion.
•G08Q21-d: T aceabili y echnologies.
•G08Q21-e: So wa e o da a e asu e.
•G08Q21- : None.
Block 7 “Secu i y, T us & Compliance” (G09Q22–G09Q23)
G09Q22 (Like ):
“How do you assess he ele ance o he ollowing measu es o ensu e da a p o ec ion and secu i y?”
•G09Q22-1: Use o enc yp ion echnologies.
•G09Q22-2: Regula audi s and con ols.
•G09Q22-3: Implemen a ion o access con ols.
•G09Q22-4: Au oma ed logging.
•G09Q22-5: Use o da a dele ion p ocedu es.
•G09Q22-6: T aining o employees.
G09Q23 (Like ):
“Do you ag ee wi h he ollowing s a emen s on secu i y measu es?”
•G09Q23-1: Enc yp ing da a is essen ial o da a p o ec ion.
•G09Q23-2: Vulne abili y scans and upda es should be ca ied ou egula ly.
•G09Q23-3: Access con ols and au hen ica ion a e c ucial o da a p o ec ion.
•G09Q23-4: Secu e da a e asu e is i al o con iden ial da a.
•G09Q23-5: Moni o ing and inciden esponse a e necessa y in da a managemen .
Block 8 “Da a Usage Policies & Consen ” (G10Q24–G10Q26)
G10Q24 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which me hod do you p e e o communica ing you needs and equi emen s as da a p o ide s?”
•G10Q24-a: F ee ex (na u al language).
•G10Q24-b: S uc u ed o m o ques ionnai e.
•G10Q24-c: Ad iso y mee ings.
•G10Q24-d: P ede ined empla es o s anda d models.
•G10Q24-e: None.
G10Q25 (Like ):
“Do you ag ee wi h he ollowing s a emen s on he c ea ion o da a usage policies?”
•G10Q25-1: A s uc u ed o m makes equi emen communica ion easie .
•G10Q25-2: Na u al language communica ion helps de ail speci ic needs.
•G10Q25-3: P ede ined usage policies a e su icien .
•G10Q25-4: Flexibili y is mo e impo an han s anda diza ion.
•G10Q25-5: Da a us ee suppo is impo an .
G10Q26 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which in o ma ion belongs in da a usage policies?”
•G10Q26-a: Pu pose o da a usage.
•G10Q26-b: Du a ion o da a s o age.
•G10Q26-c: Access igh s (speci ic use s o g oups).
•G10Q26-d: Secu i y measu es and sa egua ds.
•G10Q26-e: Condi ions o onwa d sha ing ( hi d pa ies).
•G10Q26- : Da a dele ion and anonymiza ion op ions.
•G10Q26-g: None.
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24
19
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G08Q21-a
G08Q21-b
G08Q21-c
G08Q21-d
G08Q21-e
(a) G08Q21
13
17
17
19
1
0,0% 20,0% 40,0% 60,0% 80,0% 100,0%
G10Q24-a
G10Q24-b
G10Q24-c
G10Q24-d
G10Q24-e
(b) G10Q24
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G10Q26-a
G10Q26-b
G10Q26-c
G10Q26-d
G10Q26-e
G10Q26-
(c) G10Q26
Figu e 4: G ouped ba cha s o Block 6 and 8.
Block 9 “Tools, Models & Me hods” (G11Q27–G11Q29)
G11Q27 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which speci ic ools do you eel a e missing in he da a managemen o da a us ees?”
•G11Q27-a: Da a anonymiza ion.
•G11Q27-b: Long- e m a chi ing.
•G11Q27-c: Da a e asu e.
•G11Q27-d: Uni o m compliance models.
•G11Q27-e: None.
G11Q28 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Do you see a need o new models, me hods, o echnologies o da a managemen ?”
•G11Q28-a: Yes, in da a anonymiza ion.
•G11Q28-b: Yes, in long- e m a chi ing.
•G11Q28-c: Yes, in secu e da a e asu e.
•G11Q28-d: No cu en need.
G11Q29 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which da a managemen p ocesses a e mos complex?”
•G11Q29-a: High a chi ing s anda ds.
•G11Q29-b: Da a e asu e complexi y.
•G11Q29-c: T aceabili y.
•G11Q29-d: Lack o anonymiza ion.
•G11Q29-e: None.
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6
9
13
10
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G11Q27-a
G11Q27-b
G11Q27-c
G11Q27-d
G11Q27-e
(a) G11Q27
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9
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G11Q28-a
G11Q28-b
G11Q28-c
G11Q28-d
(b) G11Q28
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G11Q29-a
G11Q29-b
G11Q29-c
G11Q29-d
G11Q29-e
(c) G11Q29
Figu e 5: G ouped ba cha s o Block 9.
Block 10 “Da a Spaces” (G12Q30–G12Q33)
G12Q30 (Like ):
“How impo an is he ole o da a us ees in da a spaces?”
G12Q31 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which challenges a ise in he echnical implemen a ion o da a us ees wi hin da a spaces?”
•G12Q31-a: Regula o y unce ain ies.
•G12Q31-b: Technological complexi y.
•G12Q31-c: High cos s.
•G12Q31-d: In eg a ion issues.
•G12Q31-e: Need o in e ope abili y.
•G12Q31- : None.
G12Q32 (Mul iple Answe ):
“Which app oaches sui uni ied da a managemen in da a spaces?”
•G12Q32-a: Cen alized a chi ec u e (one cen al au ho i y).
•G12Q32-b: Fede a ed a chi ec u e (au onomous collabo a ion).
•G12Q32-c: Decen alized a chi ec u e (equal managemen ).
•G12Q32-d: Uni o m EU s anda ds (common legal and egula o y equi emen s).
•G12Q32-e: Hyb id a chi ec u e (mix o cen alized and decen alized).
•G12Q32- : None.
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G12Q31-a
G12Q31-b
G12Q31-c
G12Q31-d
G12Q31-e
G12Q31-
(a) G12Q31
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22
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23
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G12Q32-a
G12Q32-b
G12Q32-c
G12Q32-d
G12Q32-e
(b) G12Q32
Figu e 6: G ouped ba cha s o Block 10.
G12Q33 (Like ):
“Do you ag ee wi h he ollowing s a emen s on he u he de elopmen o da a spaces?”
•G12Q33-1: Mone iza ion inc eases alue.
•G12Q33-2: Anonymiza ion suppo is c ucial.
•G12Q33-3: Da a spaces should ocus on co e unc ions and lea e specialized ea u es o hi d pa ies.
•G12Q33-4: Da a p o ec ion and secu i y a e op p io i ies.
O he Block
G12Q34 (Like ):
“Ra e he ollowing s a emen s abou o he aspec s o da a managemen .”
•G12Q34-1: G een IT is impo an o da a us ees.
•G12Q34-2: T anspa ency in da a dele ion is essen ial.
•G12Q34-3: T aceabili y o da a anonymiza ion is c ucial.
•G12Q34-4: Cos -e ec i eness in da a managemen is impo an .
•G12Q34-5: A hie a chy o da a us ees imp o es da a managemen .
3. Like Resul s Visualiza ion
1
2
1
2
1
3
3
6
5
13
16
1
10
1
1
3
2
5
6
1
11
4
7
6
2
6
3
7
3
1
1
6
6
7
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
19
16
17
9
10
15
17
12
13
6
5
22
13
14
15
8
14
22
15
14
18
15
14
20
13
17
9
15
21
11
19
14
21
14
11
16
11
9
13
8
17
14
7
7
9
1
9
20
16
10
1
8
5
8
9
11
3
2
7
3
3
2
6
5
2
11
3
6
4
5
13
-80% -60% -40% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
G02Q04-1
G02Q04-2
G02Q04-3
G02Q04-4
G02Q04-5
G03Q05-1
G03Q05-2
G03Q05-3
G03Q05-4
G03Q05-5
G03Q07-1
G03Q07-2
G03Q07-3
G03Q07-4
G03Q07-5
G03Q07-6
G04Q09-1
G04Q09-2
G04Q09-3
G04Q09-4
G04Q09-5
G04Q09-6
G05Q10-1
G05Q10-2
G05Q10-3
G05Q10-4
G06Q12-1
G06Q12-2
G06Q12-3
G06Q12-4
G06Q12-5
G06Q13-1
G06Q13-2
G06Q13-3
G06Q13-4
G06Q13-5
% Responses (n=35)
S ongly disag ee Disag ee Neu al Ag ee S ongly ag ee
(a) Di e gen ba cha o Blocks G02 o G06.
1
13
2
3
6
1
3
5
9
5
1
6
4
5
1
9
1
2
2
11
1
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
11
19
18
12
14
19
20
3
9
19
12
14
24
10
16
21
18
17
17
11
20
17
18
18
5
16
26
14
13
12
16
10
9
24
23
20
6
25
24
11
16
18
17
12
10
2
3
5
21
10
25
15
10
14
15
17
24
11
17
7
4
3
1
2
11
5
12
3
17
1
6
7
-80% -60% -40% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
G08Q19-1
G08Q19-2
G08Q19-3
G08Q19-4
G08Q19-5
G08Q19-6
G08Q20-1
G08Q20-2
G08Q20-3
G08Q20-4
G08Q20-5
G08Q20-6
G09Q22-1
G09Q22-2
G09Q22-3
G09Q22-4
G09Q22-5
G09Q22-6
G09Q23-1
G09Q23-2
G09Q23-3
G09Q23-4
G09Q23-5
G10Q25-1
G10Q25-2
G10Q25-3
G10Q25-4
G10Q25-5
G12Q30
G12Q33-1
G12Q33-2
G12Q33-3
G12Q33-4
G12Q34-1
G12Q34-2
G12Q34-3
G12Q34-4
G12Q34-5
% Responses (n=35)
S ongly disag ee Disag ee Neu al Ag ee S ongly ag ee
(b) Di e gen ba cha o Blocks G08 o G12.
Figu e 7: Di e gen ba cha s isualizing Like -scale esponses.
