Supplemantary Data - Artificial Intelligence-Based Digital Twins Metaverse to Improve STEM Work Skills and Adaptive Expertise in Higher Education: A Conceptual Framework

PRISMA 2020 Checklist (Completed) Section Item Checklist Item Reported TITLE 1 Identify the report as a systematic review. Yes ABSTRACT 2 Provide a structured summary. Yes INTRODUCTION 3 Describe the rationale for the review. Yes INTRODUCTION 4 Provide an explicit statement of objectives/questions. Yes METHODS – Eligibility 5 Specify inclusion and exclusion criteria. Yes METHODS – Information sources 6 Specify all sources searched. Yes METHODS – Search strategy 7 Present full search strategies. Yes METHODS – Selection process 8 State how studies were selected. Yes METHODS – Data collection 9 State how data were collected. Yes METHODS – Data items 10 List and define all variables. Yes METHODS – Risk of bias 11 Methods used to assess risk of bias. N/A (Conceptual Review) METHODS – Effect measures 12 State effect measures used. N/A METHODS – Synthesis 13a Eligibility decision process. Yes METHODS – Synthesis 13b Data preparation for synthesis. Yes METHODS – Synthesis 13c Methods to tabulate/visualize results. Yes METHODS – Synthesis 13d Describe synthesis methods. Yes METHODS – Reporting bias 14 Assess reporting bias. N/A METHODS – Certainty 15 Assess certainty of evidence. N/A RESULTS – Study selection 16a Describe selection results. Yes RESULTS – Study 16b Cite excluded studies Yes selection with reasons. RESULTS – Study characteristics 17 Present characteristics. Yes RESULTS – Bias 18 Present risk of bias assessment. N/A RESULTS – Individual results 19 Present results for all outcomes. Yes RESULTS – Synthesis 20 Present synthesis results. Yes DISCUSSION 23 Interpretation, limitations, implications. Yes OTHER – Registration 24 Provide registration info. N/A OTHER – Support 25 Sources of funding. Yes OTHER – Competing interests 26 Declare competing interests. Yes OTHER – Availability 27 Report data availability. Yes