APPLICATION OF GEOREFERENCING AND GEOTECHNOLOGIES IN RURAL PROPERTY: AN OPEN SPACE FOR PROFESSIONAL CONSULTANCY

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In the business assessment carried out during this work, the two axes of the system were evaluated: the farming company and the geotechnology consultancy company, both of which are considered innovative companies in RS. It was found that the current applications chosen by the georeferencing company focus on the tax, land and environmental aspects, guiding producers in carrying out the frameworks required by the legislation and which favour them under the laws in force, avoiding penalties and enabling conditions for moving land, loans and public financing. There is also a market trend towards making it easier to visualise the products developed using database technology on the internet (clouds), accessible from mobile devices with touch-sensitive technology (mobile phones, ipods, ipads and others), which would allow for the "executive use" of this information. Other applications not yet explored by the company, such as land use management using remote sensing products and precision cartography, are also suggested as part of this work, in the form of charts and maps for the company's farms. Maps of hypsometry, slope, type and use of the soil, spatial distribution of physicochemical variables of the crop water during the irrigated rice production period, among the main ones, were generated. These products allow us to get closer to the current or historical reality and help visualise environmental and production conditions. It can be seen from the database generated that this type of processing, if combined with strategic field visits, becomes a tool with a high potential to contribute to optimising management. Key words: Spring, Agricultural Management, Traceability, Certification. 3 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION This work, which corresponds to the supervised internship in Agronomy carried out at the company Comercial de Produtos Agrícolas Pitangueira Ltda., has the central objective of evaluating the current applications of georeferencing in rural areas, both in terms of the requirements of Brazilian rural property legislation and in terms of the certification and traceability of properties and agricultural production. Aspects of current legislation are addressed, as well as the application of geographic information systems for monitoring the water quality of rice plantations. Comercial de Produtos Agrícolas Pitangueira Ltda., the focus of this study, is part of a group of small and medium-sized companies that operate in the area of rice production, processing and marketing, integrating this production with livestock activities. It was founded on 1o November 1988 by Pedro Monteiro Lopes, with the aim of processing rice from crops in the Fronteira Oeste region, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, and then selling it on the Brazilian market. The physical facilities include administrative and commercial offices in the city of Itaqui, with a built-up area of 1,046.50 metres2 . It also has storage silos with a current capacity of 230,000 bags, as well as grain dryers. The company's fleet consists of 7 cars (including pickups and passenger cars) and 15 lorries. It has 46 employees. Pitangueira has forged research and development partnerships with institutions such as EMATER and EMBRAPA to implement Integrated Irrigated Rice Production (PIA), and with the Federal University of Pampa (Unipampa), always thinking about improving production and the quality of the final product that reaches the consumer. One result of these partnerships is Doray rice, a totally natural food that has a high yield and a distinctive flavour. It is the first rice to receive the Rice Quality Certification, issued by EMATER/RS. This certification is based on concern for consumer food safety and environmental balance in the production process, as well as validating the rice's Guarantee of Origin. To achieve this recognition, Pitangueira's 4 entire production chain is rigidly controlled, from the supply of raw materials, storage, reception in the industry, processing and points of sale, to environmental management and the company's social responsibility. The process is carried out in accordance with the Norms and Quality Standards of the Rice Quality Certification System. With Doray Rice, Pitangueira offers a superior product to the market, with greater added value for those who sell it and more satisfaction for those who consume it. The Carrefour group also identified Pitangueira (2000) as a partner for the commercialisation of products with the Carrefour brand that offered a guarantee of origin, and through this partnership Basic rice was created. This rice is grown with total respect for nature, with the Carrefour Guarantee of Origin label. For this reason, its production fulfils a series of requirements, including: - Polishing - carried out with a water jet process, making the product even cleaner and healthier; - Food safety - non-transgenic product, produced in healthy soils and using methods that preserve the ecosystem. No pesticide residues; - Social responsibility - Pitangueira strictly prohibits the use of child labour during any production process, and keeps its active professionals duly registered, trained and protected against accidents at work. Comercial de Produtos Agrícolas Pitangueira, from Itaqui/RS, and the Carrefour hypermarket chain have signed a partnership that provides for the supply of 10,000 tonnes/year of rice with the Guarantee of Origin Seal. To this end, the company from Rio Grande do Sul has implemented a series of measures to meet the requirements for the Guarantee of Origin Seal. The company currently has registered brands: Pitangueira Agulhinha Rice, Pitangueira Ouro Rice, Doray, Basic and Melhor Amigo. Pitangueira Rice is produced on its own plantations, with a variety suited to the environment and the market, supplying various regions of Brazil, always guaranteeing a high standard of quality; uniformity at the point of cooking; a distinctive flavour; freedom from grain "makeup" artifices; and the non-use of additives, making it a totally natural product. With modern facilities and ongoing investment in continuous improvement 11 h. digital file containing corrected data from GPS observations, when this technology is used; i. digital file containing field files generated by the total station, electronic theodolite or distanciometer, when this technology is used; j. report resulting from the process of differential correction of GPS observations, when this technology is used (copy); k. report on the calculation and adjustment of the property demarcation polygon when this technology is used (copy); l. spreadsheets with the survey data, when using a mechanical optical theodolite (copy); m. field notebooks containing records of field observations, when using a mechanical optical theodolite (copy); n. declaration by the neighbours in accordance with art. 9o of Decree no.0 4.449/02, according to the model described in Annex X of theNTGIR (original). All pages of the documentation must be signed by the accredited person responsible for the survey, with their respective coding obtained from INCRA and CREA. Once the documentation has been submitted, INCRA, through the Regional Certification Committee of the Regional Superintendence, is responsible for checking that the polygonal area covered by the memorial does not overlap with another and that the memorial meets the technical requirements (art. 90, § io, of Decree 4449/02). When the documentation does not comply with the NTGIR, the interested party will be notified to make the necessary corrections. If it complies with the NTGIR, a conclusive opinion will be issued by means of certification, and a stamp will be affixed to the three copies of the plan and the property's descriptive memorial. INCRA will return the certificate, a copy of the plan and the memorial to the interested party. 12 3.4.3 For registration with the Real Estate Registry Office In order to register with the Real Estate Registry Office, the legitimate interested party must submit: a-a certificate from INCRA that the polygonal does not overlap with another (item 6.2.b); b - the CCIR (art. 9o , § 5o , of Decree 4449/02); c-the ITR for the last five years (art. 90, § 50, of Decree 4449/02); d-the descriptive memorial (art. 90, § 50, of Decree 4449/02); e - an express declaration by the adjoining parties, with a notarised signature, that the dividing lines have been respected (art. 90, § 60, of Decree 4449/02); f - a declaration signed under penalty of civil and criminal liability, with a notarised signature, that the boundaries of the registered property have not been altered and that the rights of the adjoining parties have been respected (art. 90, § 50, of Decree 4449/02). 3.4.4 By the owner The owner is responsible for: a. hire and pay for all the work of the qualified professional, subject to exemption; b. obtain the signatures of the neighbours on the declaration, in accordance with art. 90 of Decree 4.449/02, according to the model described in Annex X of the NTGIR (original); c. sign the application requesting certification, according to the model in Annex XI (original); d. after certification by INCRA, within 30 days (INCRA 13/03), file it with the Land Registry Office, under penalty of forfeiture. 3.5 Remote sensing SR It can be used for different purposes according to the interests of each 13 researcher. The interesting thing about this tool is knowing how to use and interpret it according to the end product you want to obtain. For such analyses, it is necessary to know how radiation interacts with the environment to be studied, as detected by sensors. Therefore, in addition to understanding the behaviour and functions of the sensors, it is necessary to understand what happens when the radiation hits the environment and then reaches the sensors; this interaction must be analysed and understood by the researcher. There are many definitions of the term Remote Sensing, but the definition put forward by Jensen (2011) translates this concept clearly. Remote Sensing (RS) is the non-contact recording of information from the ultraviolet, visible, infrared and microwave regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, using instruments such as cameras, scanners, lasers, linear and/or matrix devices located on platforms such as aircraft or satellites, and analysing the information acquired by visual means or digital image processing (JENSEN, 2011, p. 4). There are a large number of satellites orbiting in space; each satellite has sensors on board, which are devices that record the energy reflected or emitted by objects on the earth's surface. According to Florenzano (2008): "This energy is transformed into electrical signals, which are transmitted to the receiving stations that make up the ground segment, on Earth. The signals are then processed and transformed into images. To capture data from the Earth's surface, the sensors on board the satellites are always pointed at the Earth" (FLORENZANO, 2008, p. 22). The information resulting from remote sensors can achieve a high degree of specificity, covering properties such as vegetation type, lengths, areas, slopes and others. However, it is the electromagnetic energy reflected or emitted by the targets that is used to deduce these real properties. This requires the use of visual or digital image processing techniques. SR information is transmitted via electromagnetic radiation, which can be characterised by wavelength (k), usually in nanometres (nm) or micrometres (pm), or frequency (v), in Hz, using the expression: v=c/ X. The intervals of wavelengths (or frequencies) detected by a given sensor constitute the bands 14 (MOREIRA, 2011). Therefore, the first information that researchers should seek before starting their research in remote sensing is the characteristics of the satellite, the type of sensor they are going to use, what combination of bands they are going to use in order to be successful and achieve the expected objectives. 3.6 Environmental Monitoring Remote sensing makes it possible to monitor agricultural and aquatic systems on a regular basis. According to Novo et al. (2007) "remote sensing is a tool that makes it possible to acquire information for spatial and temporal analysis of aquatic environments, integrating watershed and drainage". As irrigated rice fields have vegetation under water, it is important to understand these dynamics and the behaviour of reflected energy. The Western Frontier of RS has abundant quantities of water, whether through dams, artificial dams, natural reservoirs, rivers, streams or groundwater, which are used for various purposes, such as animal watering, cattle herds, which are characteristic of the region, as well as for agriculture, specifically irrigated rice, which has become the core of the Western Frontier, which is no different for the municipality of Itaqui, the focus of this study. This region is characterised by the cultivation of large areas of rice, where the taipas system predominates. Irrigation in the vast majority of crops is poorly planned, although the water is controlled. Flooding occurs from higher levels, with the water being conveyed by gravity, maintaining a water layer through the slabs built with a difference in level of 5 alO cm. The volume of water required by rice irrigated by flooding the soil is the sum of the water needed to saturate the soil, form a sheet, compensate for evapotranspiration and replace losses due to percolation and lateral flow. When calculating a crop's water needs, losses in the irrigation channels must also be included. The amount depends mainly on climatic conditions, crop management, 15 the physical characteristics of the soil, the size and lining of the channels, the crop cycle, the location of the source and the depth of the water table. According to the South Brazilian Irrigated Rice Society SOSBAI (2OÍO): To meet rice's water needs, it is estimated that an average volume of water of 8 to lO thousand m3 /ha (flow rate of l.O to l.4 L/s.ha) is currently being used, for an average irrigation period of 80 to lOO days. Soils with a lighter texture and greater slope gradients usually require more water. Likewise, water demand is higher in years with high temperatures and low relative humidity or low rainfall. To summarise, the water requirement of rice irrigated by soil flooding is high, but varies according to climatic conditions, soil attributes and type, crop management and the length of the cultivar's cycle. The size and lining of the channels, the location of the catchment source and the depth of the water table also influence the volume of water required by the crop (SOSBAI, 2OlO, p. 87). Optimising the use of water in rice farming is currently a priority issue for the rice sector, which is looking for technically, economically and environmentally sustainable management alternatives. However, the strong interaction between water management and other crop management practices influences its performance. Work on monitoring water quality has been carried out in some municipalities on the Western Frontier, especially in the city of Itaqui, where according to Victoria Bariani (2011) 18 points are monitored, which are influenced by the floods and droughts of the River Uruguay, which has a diluting effect on the region's streams, thus providing good quality water for agriculture. Taking care of the water used for irrigation is fundamental to the sustainability of the production process of flood-irrigated rice crops. The geographical location of rice plantations, close to rivers and other water sources, requires the adoption of management practices that prevent water from leaving the plantations as much as possible. The agrochemicals used on the crop may find their way into irrigation water as quickly as possible and affect non-target organisms, causing environmental contamination with negative impacts. As well as agrochemicals, crop drainage water can contain fertilisers and soil. 16 According to SOSBAI (2010): The management of keeping irrigation water on the crop begins when the final irrigation of the crop is established and continues until the end of the cycle. At the beginning, the potential for contamination is more related to nutrients, herbicides, insecticides and soil, depending on the cultivation system adopted. At the end of the cycle it is more related to insecticides and fungicides used to protect the plants. In any cultivation system, it is recommended to avoid overflowing the crop with water throughout the rice growing season and, if it is necessary to remove the water, not to do so before 30 days have elapsed since the application of agrochemicals, only replacing it to maintain the water table (SOSBAI, 2010, p. 92). Therefore, the structure of the crop should be monitored periodically to prevent water losses from occurring before the safety period of 30 days. This period must be respected, because when the water in the crop is stable, the concentrations of chemical products end up decreasing due to absorption by the plants and decomposition. 3.7 Geographical information system GIS The dynamics and use of the land are constantly changing, modifying its chemical and physical characteristics, which leads to a series of interactions between environments. Monitoring, planning and interpreting these dynamics are being demanded by government and research organisations. Understanding the dynamics and monitoring of land use makes it possible to better visualise problems and speed up decision-making. For these reasons, the integration of remote sensing data into GIS is becoming increasingly desirable, and it is difficult to visualise them in isolation. According to Blashke et al, (2007), rapid environmental changes can no longer be recorded in a way that satisfies growing demands by means of conventional imaging. For sustainable decision-making or effective conflict management, there is a need for a database that represents an image of the current situation. It is therefore necessary to develop an object-related database and make it available to bodies such as town halls and secretariats, where they can be helped 17 by the ease with which they can observe weak points in the system, and once the GISs have been created, they can be supported by the town halls themselves, thus helping them to make decisions quickly and effectively. According to Câmara and Medeiros (1998) The term Geographic Information System (GIS) refers to systems that perform computerised processing of geographic data. A GIS stores the geometry and attributes of data that is georeferenced, i.e. located on the earth's surface and in any cartographic projection. The main characteristic of the data processed in geoprocessing is the diversity of generating sources and formats presented. There are at least three main ways of using a GIS: 1. as a tool for producing maps; 2. as a support for spatial analysis of phenomena; or 3. as a geographic database with the functions of storing and retrieving spatial information (CÂMARA and MEDEIROS, 1998, p. 6). This internship report uses GIS in the three forms described by Câmara and Medeiros (1998). 3.7.1 Spring The SPRING product (Sistema de Processamento de Informações Georreferenciadas) is a geographic database development software, which according to Lopes (2009) has the following characteristics: 1) It operates as a geographic database without borders and supports large volumes of data (without scale, projection or time zone limitations), maintaining the identity of geographic objects throughout the database; 2) It manages both vector and raster data and integrates remote sensing data into a GIS; 3) It provides a user-friendly and powerful working environment by combining menus and windows with an easily programmable spatial language (LEGAL - Linguagem Espacial para GeoprocessamenhtoÁlgebrico); 4) It achieves complete scalability, i.e. it is able to operate with all its functionality in environments ranging from microcomputers to highperformance RISC workstations (LOPES, 2009, p 13). SPRING is based on an object-orientated data model, from which its menu 18 interface and the Spatial Language for Algebraic Geoprocessing (LEGAL) are derived. Innovative algorithms, such as those used for spatial indexing, image segmentation and the generation of triangular grids, guarantee adequate performance for the most varied applications. Designed for the RISC platform and standard OSF Motif graphical interface, SPRING features a highly interactive and user-friendly interface, as well as online documentation, both written in Portuguese, making it extremely easy to use and support. Based on these characteristics, SPRING has proved to be a highly attractive option in the area of geoprocessing, as it is now considered public domain software and can be purchased over the Internet ("http://www.dpi.inpe.br/spring"), simply by registering on INPE's own website. SPRING is a product developed with totally national technology, made entirely by the National Institute for Space Research - INPE, in São José dos Campos/SP, a city that stands out on the national scene for its companies and institutes linked to the area of technology, mainly in the aerospace sector (LOPES, 2009). 3.7.1.1 Spring relational mode Spring's relational mode works in an integrated way with the geographic information system. This integration is done through a RDBMS (Relational Database Management System). The RDBMS can also be called a "geo-relational" model, where the spatial and descriptive components of the geographic object are stored separately. The conventional attributes are stored in the database (in the form of tables) and the spatial data is handled by a dedicated system. The connection is made by object identifiers (id) (LOPES, 2009). To retrieve an object, the two subsystems must be searched and the answer is a composite of the results (LOPES, 2009). This architecture is illustrated in Figure 3.1. 19 Figure 3.1Representation of a query in a relational database management system. Source: Lopes - Tutor 10 lessons, lesson 9 (2009) According to Medeiros and Pires 1998, the main objectives of a DBMS are: • make integrated data available to a wide variety of users through userfriendly interfaces; • guarantee data privacy through security measures within the system; • allow data to be shared in an organised way, acting as a mediator between applications and the database, thus guaranteeing control and reducing the level of redundancy and managing concurrent accesses; and • enable data independence in the sense of sparing the user physical details and organisation and storage (MEDEIROS and PIRES, 1998, p.32). Therefore, once structured, Spring's relational mode can be passed on to town halls and departments, such as the Department of the Environment and the Department of Agriculture. These bodies can then feed this database and rely on localised information, facilitating planning, management and decision-making at municipal level. 20 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The activities carried out during the internship included: a) a visit to Correa Engenharia do Brasil, the company that manages the Pitangueira group's rural properties; b) analysing the water at some points in the rice plantations located at Fazenda Tigre; c) creating a geo-referential database; and d) drawing up maps. Corrêa Engenharia do Brasil is a company that provides services in the areas of agronomy, cartography, valuations, law and administration, developing solutions and projects for rural properties. Its main products are multifunctional cadastres, projects and technical assistance and certification of rural properties. Operating in the market since 1986, the company is committed to providing the highest quality services and products based on georeferenced information. The team has already worked on rural properties that together cover an area of approximately 2 million hectares in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. With this in mind, Correa Engenharia seeks to innovate on a day-to-day basis, always thinking about new channels of communication with its clients. An example of this innovation recently took place when the company made new work tools available for rural activities through apps for gadgets, mainly Apple. Information on registrations, georeferencing, topography and valuations, among other things, became available at the touch of a finger, enabling the creation of digital libraries (documents, maps, etc.), individual weather forecasts, measuring areas with GPS precision and monitoring farming activities. The visit to the Correa Engenharia company was of fundamental importance for understanding the legislation in force, as well as the procedures and stages to be carried out in the georeferencing and certification of rural properties. The visit showed the company's database, the methodologies used for georeferencing properties and the use of applications on the iPad. This new tool proposed by Correa Engenharia will optimise the management of rural activities, as well as enabling access to each property's database and the exchange of information 27 Figure 4.3 - Map of the Fazenda Coxilha Negra property. 28 Figure 4.4 - Map of the Granja Ernestina property. 29 Figure 4.5 - Map of the Fazenda Espinilho property. 30 Figure 4.6 - Map of the Fundo Grande property. 31 Figure 4.7 - Map of the Fazenda Santa Vitoria property. 32 Figure 4.8 - Map of the Fazenda Tigre property. 33 Figure 4.9 - Map of the Fazenda Três Capões property. 34 4.2 Applications of remote sensing products to evaluate the characteristics of the Fazenda Tigre property Using cartographic and remote sensing products, it was possible to create maps such as soil types (Figure 4.10), slope (Figure 4.11) and hypsometry (Figure 4.12). The map shown in Figure 4.10 was drawn up based on the cartographic product of the RADAM Brazil project for the state of Rio Grande do Sul. This product is available in pdf format on the IBGE website and can be purchased free of charge. Figure 4.10 shows that the soil type at Fazenda Tigre is exclusively Luvissolo. This information from existing, freely available maps provides an approximation of reality, but more detailed studies will have to be carried out, on a smaller scale, in order to get the truth of the matter regarding the types of soil found on Fazenda Tigre. 35 Figure 4.10 - Soil type map of the Fazenda Tigre property. 36 The terrain slope map shown in Figure 4.11 was drawn up using radar data from the SRTM mission. Radar images from the SRTM mission can be purchased free of charge from the EMBRAPA website at: http://www.relevobr.cnpm.embrapa.br/download/index.htm. Figure 4.11 shows that for Fazenda Tigre the slope varied from 0 to 2.5%, making it a flat area according to Table 4.1, which shows the slope class limits classified by Embrapa (1999). Table 4.1Slope class limits for land evaluation. Source: Adapted from Embrapa (1999). Relief Ran g e (%) Plan 0-3 Gentl y undulatin g 3-8 Wav y 8-20 Stron g l y undulatin g 20-45 Mountainous 45-75 Steep Over 75 43 Figure 4.14 - Map of electrical conductivity dynamics in the rice field at Fazenda Tigre. 44 The conductivity ranged from 182pS to 441pS, and you can see the step effect, where the boundaries between the colours are clearly marked. An interesting fact about this map is that although there is a line that cuts through the map with a conductivity of 336pS (in red), the highest concentration of salts is in the north of the field, where there is also the lowest elevation, according to the hypsometry map (Figure 4.12). This can be explained by the fact that this is a lower area, where the greatest number of nutrients (manure and fertilisers) are probably concentrated. Figure 4.15 shows the dynamics of dissolved oxygen in the water of the irrigated rice field located at Fazenda Tigre. 45 Figure 4.15 - Map of dissolved oxygen dynamics in the rice fields of the Fazenda Tigre property. 46 Dissolved oxygen ranged from 2.4mg/L to 10.1mg/L. In this map, as in the EC map, it is possible to see the step effect, where the boundaries between the colours are clearly marked. An interesting fact is that the line that cuts through the map in light green has very low dissolved oxygen (2.4mg/L). This can be explained by the fact that the water is still in the centre of the field and as it approaches the edges, with the slope and movement of the water, it increases the DO. The low concentrations of DO may also be due to the fact that the rice crop has a low water table and is also carrying out photosynthesis, consuming oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide. 47 CHAPTER 5 FINAL CONSIDERATIONS With the conclusion of this work, it is necessary to revisit the objectives initially proposed. The general objective was to "Evaluate the current applications of georeferencing in rural areas, both in terms of the requirements of Brazilian rural property legislation and in terms of the certification and traceability of properties and agricultural production." This objective was achieved because both current legislation and some applications of certification and traceability were studied. With regard to the legislation in force, it is possible to see how difficult it is to apply the procedures, due to the lack of qualified labour and the complexity of the procedures. There is another factor that slows down the certification process so that all rural properties in Brazil can be georeferenced and certified, and that is the sheer size of our country. So the sum of these two factors: lack of labour and territorial extension, contributes to rectifications in the legislation and the extension of deadlines for certification. The specific objectives are summarised below, as well as the main results and comments relating to each of them, along with the suggestions and recommendations identified. - Io Specific objective: "To address aspects of current legislation". Current legislation makes the certification process difficult due to its bureaucracy, with companies reporting that the biggest obstacle to the process is collecting signatures from neighbours. - 2nd specific objective: "Application of Geographic Information Systems to monitor the water quality of a rice plantation". The GIS created made it possible to visualise the dynamics of electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen in an irrigated rice field. This made it possible to visualise the probable environmental impacts that could occur if the water from the field is drained before the recommended period (30 days). It can be seen that the water entered the field with an electrical conductivity (EC) of 182pS and could be returning to the environment with an EC greater than 400pS. With this GIS it was possible to 48 visualise the potential of this tool for various applications in rural areas, especially with a view to the traceability of agricultural products. Therefore, the work carried out proved to be of great value in understanding the processes of certification of rural properties, which can be considered the beginning of certification and traceability of agricultural products. It can be said that Brazil is moving towards certification of origin, where products produced within the territory will be traced, will have their location, as well as information regarding management, with a view to environmental preservation, social commitment and the legality of procedures. All of this will contribute to development at all levels: the population will benefit from quality products and producers will be able to produce correctly, at a lower cost and within the law, thus adding value to their products. It is important to emphasise that this work is part of the project "Research and Innovation in the Local Productive Arrangement of Irrigated Rice as an Environmental Marketing Product", approved by CNPq and which will continue until September 2013. 49 CHAPTER 6 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES BLASCHKE, T; KUX, H. Remote Sensing and Advanced Geographic Information Systems. 2007. BRAZIL. Decree 4449/02. Regulates Law no. 10.267, of 28 August 2001, which amends provisions of Laws nos. 4.947, of 6 April 1966; 5.868, of 12 December 1972; 6.015, of 31 December 1973; 6.739, of 5 December 1979; and 9.393, of 19 December 1996, and makes other provisions. Available at: <http://www.jusbrasil.com.br/legislacao/110306/decreto-4449-02>. Accessed on: 20/02/2012. * BRAZIL. Decree N0 7.620, OF 21 November 2011. Amends art. 10 of Decree n0 4.449, of 30 October 2002, which regulates Law n0 10.267, of 28 August 2001. Available at: <http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato20112014/2011/Decreto/D7620.htm>. Accessed on: 20/02/2012. BRAZIL. Law 10.267 of 28 August 2001. Amends provisions of Laws 4.947 of 6 April 1966, 5.868 of 12 December 1972, 6.015 of 31 December 1973, 6.739 of 5 December 1979, 9.393 of 19 December 1996, and makes other provisions .Disponívelem : <http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/LEIS_2001/L10267.htm>. Accessed on: 20/02/2012. BRAZIL. Law No. 6015 of 31 December 1973. 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