Roythespis israelensis gen. et sp. n. (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Toxoderidae), a new praying mantis from Israel

Israel Journal of entomology, Vol. 54, pp. 95–112 (3 December 2025) DoI: 10.5281/zenodo.17761269; Issn (online) 2224-6304 received: 23 october 2025 / revised: 10 november 2025 / accepted: 11 november 2025 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:08D44e51-836a-44DC-8CB5-21a9479a934D Roythespis israelensis gen. et sp. n. (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Toxoderidae), a new praying mantis from Israel Martin B. D. Stiewe 1, Amir Weinstein 2 & Dany Simon2 1Scientific Associate, Department of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK. E-mail: [email protected] 2The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Israel National Center for Biodiversity Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978 Israel ABSTRACT a new genus and species of praying mantises, Roythespis israelensis gen et sp. n., is described from Israel. the new genus belongs in the subfamily toxoderinae (toxoderidae), and is most closely related to Belomantis giglio-tos, 1914 and Calamothespis Werner, 1907, from which it differs in having a weakly rounded and very short pseudophallus, and conspicuous but not overdeveloped juxta ocular bulges. the new species features an elongated body and slender ha bitus, short legs, a prognathous head and greatly extended and distally flattened cerci. the holotype of Toxomantis sinensis giglio-tos, 1914 is illustrated for the first time. KEYWORDS: Biodiversity, Dictyoptera, Mantodea, Toxoderidae, Toxoderinae, identification key, new genus, new species, taxonomy, levant, middle east. ריצקת תחפשמל ךייש שדחה גוסה .לארשימ םיראותמ ,חולש ןפנע ,המלש למג לש םישדח ןימו גוס םיגוסהמ .םייאקירפא םיגוס ינש דוע ודבלמ תללוכה ,םינפנעה תחפשמ-תתל הכותבו םיינפנעה אל ךא תורכינ תוייניעה תוטילבבו םיירכזה תוגוודזהה ירבא לש הנבמב לדבנ אוה הלאה םיבורקה םינתבונגו המידק הנפומ שאר ,תיסחי תורצק םיילגר ,ךראומו רצ ףוג הנבמ שדחה גוסל .תולודג .םהיתוצקב םיבחרומ ,דאמ םיכורא ,ןוכיתה חרזמ ,שדח ןימ ,שדח גוס ,הימונוסרט ,המלש ילמג ,םיאקית ,םינימ ןווגמ :חתפמ תולימ .לארשי ,טנבל INTRODUCTION the mantodean family toxoderidae giglio-tos, 1919 comprises around 25 genera and above 100 species, distributed in mainly tropical regions of africa and asia, with some taxa penetrating into the Palaearctics (e.g. north africa, middle east and China) (otte et al. 2025). the last taxonomic surveys of the toxoderidae relevant for the present study focused on the tropical taxa. roy and stiewe (2016) reviewed the afrotropical Calamothespis Werner, 1907 and described eight new species. roy and stiewe (2017) revised the genus Belomantis giglio-tos, 1914 and described two new species, Belomantis mirei roy & stiewe, 2017 from Cameroon and B. occidentalis roy & stiewe, 2017 from Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina faso and togo. unnaha chote (2022) provided new records of toxoderidae from thailand with notes on Toxomantis giglio-tos, 1914. finally, schwarz and unnahachote (2025) reviewed the genus Aethalochroa Wood-Mason, 1877 and described Aethalochroa kalten bachi schwarz & unnahachote, 2025 from thailand and malaysia. 96 Israel Journal of entomology, Vol. 54, 2025 two species of toxoderidae have been described from Israel: Pareuthyphlebs occidentalis Werner, 1928 (Fig. 1) and Pareuthyphlebs palmonii (uvarov, 1939) (Fig. 2). The presence of both species has recently been confirmed by Battiston et al. (2010) and Handal et al. (2018). since 1964, when Beier described the genus Hola ptilon Beier, 1964 and the species Holaptilon pussillulum Beier, 1964, no further mantodea taxa have been described from Israel. the new monotypic genus Roythespis gen. n. and the species R. israelensis sp. n. are hereby described based on three males and one female from the southern part of the Dead sea and the northern part of the 'arava Valley in Israel. therefore, it is possible to make a thorough comparison of Roythespis gen. n. with the closest related genera and to place it correctly within the current most comprehensive taxonomic system of mantodea by schwarz and roy (2019). MATERIALS AND METHODS all specimens of Roythespis israelensis gen. et sp. n. have been discovered in the entomological collection of the steinhardt museum of natural History, tel aviv university (smnHtau), during a decade-long curation of the Israeli mantodea by Figs 1, 2. endemic toxideridae species described from Israel: (1) Pareuthyphlebs occidentalis Werner, 1928, ♀ holotype (Museum für Naturkunde Berlin); (2) Pareuthyphlebs palmonii (Uvarov, 1939), ♂ holotype (natural History museum, london). 12 STIEWE ET AL.: NEW GENUS & SPECIES OF MANTODEA FROM ISRAEL 97 the two junior authors. the type series consists of three males (one male is donated to Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM), Munich, Germany) and one female. no specimens resembling R. israelensis gen. et sp. n. have been found in any other important mantodea collections worldwide. the morphological nomenclature and specimen preparation methods follow Brannoch et al. (2017) and schwarz & roy (2019). genitalia were prepared according to Kaltenbach (1998), embedded in euparal on a special glass slide and subsequently attached to the respective specimen. the specimens were studied using leica mZ6 Zoom and a Carl Zeiss Jena technival 2 binocular microscopes. Colour photographs were taken with a digital sony alpha 7r III camera using a sony 90 mm macro lens and external flashes for additional lighting. Photographs of the genitalia were taken with a professional leica Vario-summilux objektiv 1:1,6-2,2/15-60 asPH. TAXONOMY family toxoderidae saussure, 1869 subfamily toxoderinae saussure, 1869 tribe Calamothespini giglio-tos, 1914 subtribe Calamothespina giglio-tos, 1914 genus Roythespis stiewe, gen. n. figs 3a, 4–27, 30, 32 LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DDef9B66-19ea-4908-B205-70Ce2B6BB130. Type species: Roythespis israelensis sp. n., here designated. Etymology: the new genus is dedicated to and named after the french entomologist roger roy (1929–2023). roy dedicated his life to studying the praying mantises and became the chief expert of mantodea worldwide for the last sixty years. He published extensively on all aspects of this insect order, contributing tremendously to the knowledge of mantodea, and influencing all mantodea researchers worldwide. Diagnosis: at present, three genera are assigned to the tribe Calamothespini: the asian Toxomantis (subtribe toxomantina) and afrotropical Belomantis and Ca lamothespis (subtribe Calamothespina). all three genera together with Roythespis gen. n. share a synapomorphy—the extended dorsal upper edge of the head vertex that it fits exactly to the front edge of the pronotum, being probably an adaptation to the graminicolous lifestyle (see schwarz & roy 2019: 145)—which is absent in other toxoderinae tribes, e.g. aethalochroini giglio-tos, 1914, that includes Pareuthyphlebs, the only currently known toxoderinae genus represented in the southern levant by two species (figs 1, 2). another character separating Calamothespini from aethalochroini is the conspicuous lobe-like developed margin of the tibiae of the walking mid and hind legs, characteristic to aethalochroini and lacking in Calamothespini. therefore, Roythespis gen. n. is clearly a member of the tribe Calamothespini, bringing the number of known genera in this tribe to four. 98 Israel Journal of entomology, Vol. 54, 2025 Within the tribe Calamothespini, Roythespis gen. n. lines up with the afrotropical genera Belomantis and Calamothespis by sharing several important characteristics (e.g. pronounced juxtaocular bulges on the vertex of the head), and, thus, becomes a third member of the subtribe Calamothespina giglio-tos, 1914. an important feature that distinguishes Roythespis gen. n. from both Cala mothespis and Belomantis is the shape of the pseudophallus (pafa), which is weakly rounded and very short in the new genus (fig. 27) and well-developed, produced either in a long thorn-like dagger or in a shorter pointed spike in its closest relative Calamothespis (Fig. 28; for the further comparison see Roy & Stiewe 2016, figs 1.d, 6.d). In Belomantis, the pseudophallus has a long pointed apex bearing a basal sclerotized bristled field with several small spikes (Roy & Stiewe 2017, figs 10.c, 14.d, 14.g). another feature separating Roythespis gen. n. from Calamothespis is the last segment of the cercomere (Cea), which is short or only a bit longer than any other segment in Calamothespis (fig. 31; for further comparison see roy & stiewe 2016, figs 1a,b, 3a, 4a, 6a, 7a, 8a,c, 9a–9c, 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a, 15, 16a), whereas the distal cercomere (Cea) of Roythespis gen. n. is distinctly long (figs 11, 13, 30). the juxtaocular bulges are much larger, elongated and pointed, ~2× extending the height of the vertex in Calamothespis compared to Roythespis gen. n. (figs 3a, 3B). from Belomantis, Roythespis gen. n. differs in the absence of colour marks on its foreand hindwings (figs 15, 16), which is always the case in Belomantis (fig. 35; roy & stiewe 2017, figs 1–4). the juxtaocular bulges in Belomantis (fig. 3D) are very similar to Calamothespis (fig. 3B) but much larger and dominantly developed compared to Roythespis gen. n. (fig. 3a). Roythespis gen. n. is easily distinguished from the asian Toxomantis by the shape of the head and the eyes. In Toxomantis, the eyes bear a dorsolateral oblong thorn (fig. 3C), and the vertex is nearly straight, as high as the eyes, without pronounced Fig. 3. Heads of Calamothespini mantises, dorsal view: (a) Roythespis israelensis gen. et sp. n., ♂ paratype, smnH-tauI 233829; (B) Calamothespis taylori La Greca, 1952, ♂, Kenya; (C) Toxomantis sinensis Giglio-Tos, 1914, ♂, holotype, China; (D) Belomantis occidentalis Roy & Stiewe, 2017, ♀, togo. ABC D STIEWE ET AL.: NEW GENUS & SPECIES OF MANTODEA FROM ISRAEL 99 Fig. 4. Roythespis israelensis gen. et sp. n., ♂ holotype, habitus, dorsal view. Scale bar = 10 mm. 100 Israel Journal of entomology, Vol. 54, 2025 Figs 5–10. Roythespis israelensis gen. et sp. n., ♂ holotype: (5) right prothoracic leg, dorsal view; (6) prozone of pronotum and right prothoracic leg, ventral view; (7) right mesothoracicand metathoracic legs, dorsal view; (8) mesothoracic legs, ventral view; (9) mesothoracic legs, ventral view; (10) habitus, ventral view. 9 10 8 7 65 STIEWE ET AL.: NEW GENUS & SPECIES OF MANTODEA FROM ISRAEL 101 juxtaocular bulges (fig. 3C; for further comparison see unnahachote 2022, fig. 2b). In Roythespis gen. n., the vertex has very conspicuous juxtaocular bulges (Figs 3A, 14). the pseudophallus (pafa) is short and pointed in Toxomantis (fig. 29) and weakly rounded and very short in Roythespis gen. n. (fig. 27). taking into account all morphological characteristics of the genera Calamo thes pis and Belomantis, Roythespis gen. n. appears closest to the former (fig. 34). Description: Habitus slender, coloration light brown. Head prognathous, black-speckled. Both sexes with nearly straight vertex and conspicuously pronounced juxtaocular bulges, extending to dorsal edge of vertex, so that vertex neatly fits anterior margin of pronotum. ocelli large, prominent. Eyes with small lateral tubercle. Pronotum long, slender, lateral margins granulated, irregular black spots. supra co xal dilatation moderate defined, prozona narrowed, supracoxal sulcus weak, me ta zone twice prozona length, lateral margin granulated, median keel pro truding. Scutellum much wider than high, with two blackish humps in middle. Forelegs: forecoxal lobes divergent; forefemur with long apical spine. spination: f = 3ds / 11–14 avfs / 5–6 pvfs; t = 10–11 avts / 4 pvts. Abdomen elongate, tergites with strong median keel. tegmina with strongly sinuate costal margin, subhyaline. alae longer than tegmina at rest, hyaline. Cerci very long, last distal cercomere long flattened, lateral margin bulbously rounded, apex pointed (figs 11, 13, 19, 30). Distribution: Israel. Key to the genera of the tribe Calamothespini 1 Eyes with dorsolateral oblong thorn, vertex of head without pronounced juxtaocular bulges (fig. 3C). Pseudophallus short and pointed (fig. 29) .................... ...........................................................................................................Toxomantis – Eyes without dorsolateral oblong thorn; vertex of head with pronounced juxtaocular bulges (figs 3a, 3B, 3D). Pseudophallus otherwise ...............................2 2 Last segment of cercomere (CEa) short, not or only scarcely longer than any other segment (fig. 31) ................................................................Calamothespis – Last segment of cercomere (CEa) oblong, longer than any other segment (Figs 11, 13, 30) ...........................................................................................................3 3 Fore or hind wings with dark brown colour marking (Fig. 35); pseudophallus with long pointed apex ...................................................................... Belomantis – Fore or hind wings without dark brown colour marking (Figs 14, 15, 18, 19, 21–24); pseudophallus very weakly and shortly rounded (fig. 27) ..................... ................................................................................................Roythespis gen. n. 102 Israel Journal of entomology, Vol. 54, 2025 Roythespis israelensis Stiewe, Weinstein & Simon, sp. n. figs 3a, 4–27, 30, 32 LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:aa17D705-C5f4-42e5-91aB-B64C7fBC2924. Etymology: named after Israel, the type locality country of the new species. Description: Male: Head (figs 14, 18): Head 1.09× as wide as pronotal supracoxal dilation, much longer than wide. Vertex nearly straight, slightly above eyes. Juxtaocular bulges very large, pronounced, extending height of vertex. frontal scutellum transverse, arched dorsally, with two blackish middle outside positioned humps. eyes long, oval, with small lateral tubercle. ocelli very large, dominant. Vertex with dominant wide and short domed postocellar process, rough granulated surface. antennae nearly as long as pronotum. Pronotum (figs 5, 17): elongated, length 4.71× pronotal supracoxal dilation. lateral margins irregular, serrated, supracoxal dilation distinct. Prozone short, nearly half-length of metazone. supracoxal sulcus slightly pronounced, surface scattered granulated. metazone long, scattered granulate, metazone length 2.19× prozone length, slightly narrowed behind supracoxal dilatation. medial keel protruding, slightly curved. Prosternum slightly curved, scattered granulate. Prothoracic legs (figs 5, 6): Coxa: 0.74× as long as fore femora. lateral margin serrated, with bristles and 11 short spines. two well-developed inner forecoxal lobes, nearly equal in size, tapered apex. outer forecoxal lobe with round apex. femur: Figs 11–14. Roythespis israelensis gen. et sp. n., ♂ holotype: (11) abdomen with cerci, right lateral view; (12) subgenital plate, ventral view; (13) abdomen with cerci, left lateral view; (14) head, dorsal view. 11 12 13 14 STIEWE ET AL.: NEW GENUS & SPECIES OF MANTODEA FROM ISRAEL 103 long, 1.32× as long as fore tibia, slightly widened at base, tibial spur groove at fore femur base. surface granulate with well-developed outer genicular spine and tapered genicular lobe. Dorsal margin with conspicuously developed long apical spine, three discoidal spines, only 2nd and 3rd are completely developed, 1st discoidal spine very small more wart – like while 2nd the biggest is. forefemoral disc with numerous small tubercles. spination: avfs 12–14, first two proximal spines conspicuously close to each other. spination: pvfs 5–6. tibiae: Very long. spination: pvts 4, all spines distally placed with long tibial spur. spination: avts 10–11, tarsus long, first segment same length as all following segments together. Figs 15–20. Roythespis israelensis gen. et sp. n., ♂ paratype SMNHTAU In.233829: (15) habitus, dorsal view; (16) left wings, dorsal view; (17) pronotum, ventral view; (18) head, left lateral view; (19) cerci; (20) abdomen, dorsal view. scale bar = 10 mm (fig. 15). 20 19 18 17 16 15 110 Israel Journal of entomology, Vol. 54, 2025 Paratypes: 1♂, Israel: 'en gedi, 31.46°n 35.38°e, 30.iv.1957, J. Kugler, smnHtau In.233831 (ZSM) (Figs 21, 22); 1♂, 'En Yahav [Ein-Weiba], 30.65°N 35.23°E, 28.iv.1952, SMNHTAU In.233829 (figs 3a, 15–20). Distribution: Israel (Dead sea area and 'arava Valley). Biology: Roythespis israelensis gen. et sp. n. is a typical representative of the subtribe Calamothespina in its morphology, and probably so in its natural history. We know it is attracted to light at night from the single male photographed (Fig. 32). Its characteristic body pose corresponds to that of the other Calamothespina genera (figs 34, 35). a clear adaptation to a graminicolous lifestyle is evident: when resting, the forelegs are stretched far forward next to the head, which is held in a prognathous position; the end of the abdomen is lowered slightly (see roy & stiewe 2016, fig. 5). DISCUSSION During the revision of the afrotropical genus Calamothespis (roy & stiewe 2016), Roger Roy found in the collection of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin the lost Figs 34, 35. afrotropical Calamothespini, habitus: (34) Calamothespis vuattouxi gillon & roy, 1968, ♂ holotype, Côte d’Ivoire (Museum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris); (35) Belomantis occidentalis Roy & Stiewe, 2017, ♀, Togo (Museum für Naturkunde Berlin). 35 34 STIEWE ET AL.: NEW GENUS & SPECIES OF MANTODEA FROM ISRAEL 111 holotype of Toxomantis sinensis giglio-tos, 1914 (fig. 33), sorted erroneously under Calamothesis adusta Werner, 1907. giglio-tos (1914) described Toxomantis sinensis from two specimens: the male holotype, having no locality data, but only the collecting date (14.x.1898), and a paratype male from China collected by lehmann on 7.x.1898. the Chinese specimen always stayed in the Berlin collection under its name, but the holotype was missing. roger roy mentioned the rediscovery of the T. sinensis holotype to martin stiewe. roy’s wish was to publish the rediscovery of the lost type in a relevant paper. We find it most appropriate to publish this information in the article in which the holotype rediscovered by roger roy is used for the description of the new genus named after him. We hope that this report and the description of a new Mantodea genus and species will encourage more people to advance the mantodea research, particularly in Israel, in the levant and in the middle east in general. the diversity of the mantodea in this region suggests that further interesting discoveries are to be expected. the taxonomic position of Roythespis gen. n. within the mantodea system can be summarised as follows: Family toxoderidae saussure, 1869 Subfamily toxoderinae saussure, 1869 Tribe Calamothespini giglio-tos, 1914 Subtribe toxomantina schwarz & roy, 2019 Genus Toxomantis giglio-tos, 1914 Subtribe Calamothespina giglio-tos, 1914 Genus Calamothespis Werner, 1907 Roythespis gen. n. Belomantis giglio-tos, 1914 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS this article and the discovery of a new genus and species would be impossible without the support from various museums and the help of their curators. first of all, we thank the staff of the steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Israel, for the loan of specimens to the first author. We cordially thank Dr Ben Price (natural History museum, london, uK), Birgit Jaenicke and Dr michael Ohl (Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Berlin, Germany), Bärbel Stock-Dietl and Dr Michael Raupach (Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Munich, Germany) for their help. We cordially thank Dor margalit, for contributing the single existing photograph of the living Roythespis israelensis gen. et sp. n. We would like to express our special thanks to Dr Matthias Borer (Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Basel, switzerland) and the late roger roy (museum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, france) for their expert opinion. We are grateful to Dr Zohreh Mirzaee (Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Müncheberg, Germany) and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments on the manuscript. REFERENCES Battiston, R., Picciau, L., Fontana, P. & Marshall, J. 2010. Mantids of the Euro-Mediterranean area. WBA Handbooks 2. World Biodiversity Association, Verona, Italy. 239 pp. Beier, m. 1964. ein neues mantiden-genus aus Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology 13 (4): 184–186. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00212210.1964.10688200 112 Israel Journal of entomology, Vol. 54, 2025 Brannoch, S.K., Wieland, F., Rivera, J., Klass, K.D., Béthoux, o. & Svenson, g.J. 2017. manual of praying mantis morphology, nomenclature and practices (Insecta, mantodea). ZooKeys 696: 1–100. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.696.12542 Giglio-Tos, e. 1914. raccolti da s. a. r. la Duchessa d’aosta nella regione dei grandi laghi dell’ africa equatoriale. mantidi. revisione della sottofamiglia dei toxoderini. Annuario del Museo Zoologico della R. Università di Napoli (N.S.) 4 (15): 1–17. Handal, e., Wahsh, a., Ehrmann, r., Amr, Z., Battiston, r. & Qumsiyeh, m. 2018. mantids (Dictyoptera: mantodea) from the Palestinian territories with an updated list. Articulata - Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopterologie e.V. DGfO 33: 91–105. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330384943 Kaltenbach, A.P. 1998. Unterlagen für eine Monographie der Mantodea (Insecta) des südlichen Afrika: 2. Bestimmungstabellen für die höheren Taxa, Nachträge zum Artenbestand. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 (B): 19–59. La Greca, m. 1952. specie nuove e note critiche su mantodei dell’africa orientale. Annuario dell’Istituto e Museo di Zoologia della Università di Napoli 4 (1): 1–54. Otte, D., Spearman, l. & Stiewe, m.B. 2025. Mantodea Species File Online. Ver. 5.0/5.0. http://mantodea.speciesfile.org (accessed 31 september 2025). Roy, r. & Stiewe, m.B.D. 2016. révision du genre afrotropical Calamothespis Werner 1907 (Mantodea: toxoderinae). Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.) 52 (1): 26–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2016.1190668 Roy, r. & Stiewe, m.B.D. 2017. révision du genre Belomantis giglio-tos, 1914 (mantodea, to xode ridae). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 122 (3): 287–295. https://doi.org/10.3406/bsef.2017.29388 Saussure, H.D. 1869. essai d’un système des mantides. Mittheilungen der Schweizerischen ento mologischen Gesellschaft 3 (2): 49–73. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/192906#page/73 Schwarz, C.J. & Roy, r. 2019. the systematics of mantodea revisited: an updated classification incorporating multiple data sources (Insecta: Dictyoptera). Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N. S.) 55 (2): 101–196. https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2018.1556567 Schwarz, C.J. & Unnahachote, t. 2025. a new species of Aethalochroa Wood-Mason, 1877 (Mantodea: toxoderidae) from mainland se asia, with a reassessment of Oestomantis giglio-tos, 1914. Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.) 61 (3): 241–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2025.2486825 Unnahachote, t. 2022. new records of toxoderid species (Dictyoptera: mantodea: toxoderidae) from thailand. Thai Specimens 2: 1–15. https://journal.nsm.or.th/en/node/36 Uvarov, B.P. 1939. XV. new and less-known Palestinian orthoptera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 4 (20): 216–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933908526986 Werner, f. 1907. ergebnisse der mit subvention aus der erbschaft treitl unternommenen zoologischen Forschungsreise Dr. Franz Werner’s in den ägyptischen Sudan und nach Norduganda. VIII. orthoptera Blattaeformia. Sitzungsberichten der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien 116 (1): 165–266, 3 tables. Werner, f. 1928. Zur Kenntnis der mantodeenfauna des Hinterlandes von Kamerun und des sepik gebietes von neuguinea. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 14: 40–41. Wood-Mason, J. 1877. the Vates Ashmolianus of Westwood, the type of a new genus of Mantidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 19: 308–310. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937708682146