THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN UZBEKISTAN

newjournal.org zenodo.org 1 THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN UZBEKISTAN Jizzakh branch of the National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek The Faculty of Psychology, the department of Foreign languages Philology and teaching languages Teshaboyeva Nafisa Zubaydulla qizi [email protected] Igor Chekulay Vladimirovich Professor of the Department of English Philology and Intercultural Communication, Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russian Federation Student of group 204-24:Ko’palboyeva Soliyajon Davronbek qizi Annotation: this article discusses the recent social reforms in Uzbekistan and their impact on cultural and public life. It explains how modern cinemas, renovated theatres, and updated museums contribute to the development of society and great figures of country. The article also highlights the progress in sports, the preservation of historical monuments, and the study of ancient archaeological sites. Overall, the article shows how new reforms are helping Uzbekistan combine tradition with modern growth, improve cultural life, and strengthen national heritage. Key words:Uzbekistan; social reforms; cinemas; theatres; museums; sports development; historical monuments; ancient sites; cultural heritage; national figures; modernization; New Uzbekistan. Introduction Uzbekistan's social life has been changing during the last few years with large-scale socio-economic changes in the "New Uzbekistan" Strategy framework, but the cultural and historical heritage of society remains. Improved cinemas, theatres, and museums have revived culture in addition to achievement in sports and restoration of monuments, which have strengthened the sense of solidarity and the national spirit. A newjournal.org zenodo.org 2 renewed interest in the history and life of the great of the past and in the countries contribution to science, art and literature has marked the restoration of historical sites. The article describes how these reforms are influencing the new Uzbekistan and those values that are being passed and that modernization is improving the social and cultural life of the people. Cinemas and film industries Uzbekistan has a rich history in cinema, with distinct periods of Soviet Uzbekistan (1924-1991) and independent Uzbekistan (1991-present) shaping its film industry. The country's film industry faced challenges following the collapse of the Soviet Union, but recent reforms and initiatives have aimed to revitalize and elevate the cinematic arts and film industryto a qualitatively new level. Recent Reforms and Initiatives: In 2019, Firdavs Abdukhalikov was appointed as the general director of Uzbekkino, leading to radical reforms in the cinematography of Uzbekistan. Notably, in April 2021, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev signed a decree to raise the cinematic arts and film industry to a qualitatively new level and further improve the system of state support for the industry. Cinemas play a significant role in shaping societal values and norms. They provide a platform for storytelling that can challenge our perspectives, broaden our understanding of different cultures, and spark conversations about important issues. Theatres in Uzbekistan Uzbekistan boasts a rich and diverse theatrical tradition with over 35 state professional theaters, including opera and ballet, musical drama, and puppet theaters, in addition to private and experimental venues. The country's theaters serve as crucial centers for preserving national heritage, promoting local talent, and engaging in global artistic dialogue. The capital city ,Tashkent, is home to the country's most significant and diverse theatrical institutions, each with a distinct focus and history. For instance,1. The State Academic Bolshoi Theatre named after Alisher Navoi (SABT) focuses on Opera and Ballet. It is the premier classical music and dance institution in newjournal.org zenodo.org 3 Uzbekistan. 2. Uzbek National Academic Drama Theatre focuses on national drama. It is the oldest professional theatre in Uzbekistan, primarily staging works in the Uzbek language. And other threatre located in Uzbekistan, especially in capital city Tashkent.The theatre scene in Uzbekistan is vital for cultural memory and social commentary, constantly balancing the weight of its rich, ancient performance traditions with a dynamic push toward contemporary and international artistic forms. Museums in Uzbekistan Museums in Uzbekistan play an important role in preserving the cultural, historical and artistic heritage of the country, with more than 130 state and regional museums operating across the full spectrum from ancient to contemporary art. For example: 1. State Museum of History of Uzbekistan (Tashkent), 2. Savitsky Museum or Nukus Museum of Art located in Republic of Karakalpakhstan. 3. Bukhara and Samarkand State Museum-Reserves and other museums that Uzbekistan have and they were located in different parts of country. These museums hold millions of artifacts from Uzbekistan's history and culture, including historical documents, customary handicrafts, archaeological and ethnographic artifacts, rare manuscripts, and works of fine art.In addition to preserving cultural heritage, museums in Uzbekistan play a vital role in education and tourism. Recent reforms have focused on modernizing museum facilities, collections and improving visitor experiences, making these institutions more accessible and engaging. Museums not only celebrate the achievements of great Uzbek figures but also highlight the country’s role in the history of the Silk Road, connecting Uzbekistan’s cultural legacy to the wider world. Sports Sport factors importantly in the social and cultural life of Uzbekistan and the government has invested heavily to build modern sporting infrastructure including stadiums, sports schools and training facilities. Different types of sports are promoted on the professional and amateur levels. Popular sports are football, boxing and newjournal.org zenodo.org 4 athletics. Uzbekistan has got a chance to qualify for Worldcup 2026 for about half of a year, it is a first time “qualifying for world cup” from independence in 1991. And also in boxing, our boxers always won an awards like gold, silver, and bronze medals. For example, in 2024,Uzbek boxers participated in Olympic games that is held in Paris and most of them got a golden medals, such as, Bakhadir Jalolov, Hasanboy Dusmatov,Abdumalik Khalokov and others. After returning from there, they were encouraged by president. The government’s sports infrastructure and development programs aim to create a healthy society, nurture talented athletes, and achieve international success. Modern facilities, Olympic centers, and youth programs are central to this effort, ensuring that sports remain an integral part of social life. Historical monuments and ancient places Uzbekistan boasts some of the most historical centers in Central Asia, where cities have been around for millennia. These monuments bear witness to the great civilization and history of a country which was once a major cultural as well as commercial cradle where culture, trade, science and architecture were developed. The cities of Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva and Shahrisabz are particularly noted for their architectural masterpieces, such as the Registan; some of these are important tourist destinations. In Central Asia, Ichan Kala is renowned for being one of the finest examples of preserved history, reflecting the urban and architectural heritage of medieval Khiva. Behind the towering clay walls, this inner city holds an array of mosques, madrasahs, mausoleums, and palaces that have lasted for ages. With its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage site, Ichan Kala captures the essence of the Khorezm Khanate's cultural, religious, and political narrative, offering a brilliant example of medieval urban planning in the East. The Ark Fortress in Bukhara is one of Uzbekistan’s most important historical and architectural sites. It was built over two thousand years ago and served as a fortified center for the rulers of Bukhara. Throughout its history, the Ark contained royal residences, government offices, a mosque, treasury rooms, and military facilities, acting as a "city within a city." The fortress played a key role in the governance of the newjournal.org zenodo.org 5 Bukhara Khanate and helped develop trade along the Silk Road. Although it suffered severe damage during the 1920 Red Army invasion, the Ark continues to be a national symbol and an important cultural heritage site. Great figures of Uzbekistan Amir Temur, as known as Tamerlane, is one of the most important political leaders in the history of Uzbekistan and Central Asia. In the 14th century, he founded a strong empire and Samarkand as its capital. He introduced administrative reforms, improved military organization, and encouraged trade and cultural growth. His policies had a lasting impact on the region’s political and economic landscape. Mirzo Ulugbek, Temur’s grandson, is known as a significant scientist of the 15th century. As a ruler and astronomer, he set up an observatory in Samarkand and oversaw the creation of the star catalog “Zij-i Ulugbek”, which included very accurate astronomical measurements. His scientific work influenced later advances in mathematics and astronomy. Alisher Navoi is recognized as the founder of classical Uzbek literature and a key figure in the region's cultural history. Writing in the Chagatai language, he showcased its literary potential through extensive poetry and scholarly works, including the wellknown collection “Khamsa”. Navoi’s contributions laid the groundwork for Turkic written culture and intellectual tradition. Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur, a statesman, poet, and historian, played an important role in the political and cultural history of the 16th century. He was born in the Fergana Valley but later established the Mughal Empire in India. Babur’s autobiographical work “Baburnama” offers valuable insights into history, geography, and culture. His rule helped bridge Central Asian heritage with South Asian political and artistic development. Mahmud Kashgari, an 11th-century scholar and linguist, wrote the “Divan-i Lug'atit-Turk” for over 2 years and learned their dialects, the first dictionary of Turkic languages. His work is still an important source for studying historical linguistics and Central Asian ethnography. newjournal.org zenodo.org 6 Jadid reformers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including Munavvarqori Abdurashidkhanov and Abdulla Avloniy, and others were crucial in modernizing education, promoting literacy, and encouraging national identity in Turkestan. Their efforts set the stage for future social and political changes. Conclusion The social life of Uzbekistan has entered a lively new phase due to broad reforms in culture, education, and public development. Modern cinemas, renovated theaters, and growing museum networks have made art and knowledge more accessible to people of all ages. At the same time, investment in sports facilities and youth programs has promoted a healthier and more active society. The preservation and restoration of historical monuments and ancient sites show the country's dedication to protecting its cultural identity while boosting tourism and global recognition. Celebrating the achievements of notable national figures further strengthens patriotism and inspires the younger generation. Overall, these reforms demonstrate how Uzbekistan is creating a vibrant, inclusive, and culturally rich social environment that respects its past while confidently moving into the future. New Uzbekistan feels alive with fresh energy and quiet pride. Modern cinemas light up evenings, theaters buzz with new stories, museums invite everyone in, and shiny sports arenas make kids dream big. The restored beauties of Registan, Ichan-Kala, and the Ark remind us who we are. When young people hear about Temur’s courage, Ulugh Beg’s stars, Navoi’s poems, Babur’s journeys, and the Jadids’ hopes, their hearts beat stronger. We’re happily moving forward without ever forgetting where we came from. References 1. Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan. New Uzbekistan Development Strategy 2022–2026. Tashkent, 2022. 2. Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Annual Report on Cultural Development and Heritage Preservation. Tashkent, 2023. newjournal.org zenodo.org 7 3. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. “World Heritage Sites in Uzbekistan.” Accessed 2024. 4. State Committee for Tourism Development of Uzbekistan. Tourism Statistics and Cultural Heritage Projects. Tashkent, 2023. 5. National Olympic Committee of Uzbekistan. Sports Achievements and Youth Development Programs. Tashkent, 2023. 6. Karimov, R. “Modernization of Uzbek Cinematography: Challenges and Opportunities.” Journal of Central Asian Studies, 2022. 7. 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