चंद्रपूर जिल्ह्यातील प्रधानमंत्री आवास योजनेचे मूल्यमापन

Journal of Research and Development A Multidisciplinary International Level Referred and Double Blind Peer Reviewed, Open Access ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-11(A)| November2025 25 paæiwj ftYgÓkrhy ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstusps ewY;ekiu jkts'oj okjyq dkdMs1, MkWfoðy ,uBkojh2 1la'kks/kd fo|kFkhZ, vFkZ'kkL= foHkkx usotkcbZ fgrdj.kh egkfo|ky;] rkczEgiqjh] ftpaæiwj 2EkkxZn’kZd, vFkZ'kkL= foHkkx dyk o okf.kT; egkfo|ky;] fHklh] rkfpeqj] ftpanziwj Email: [email protected] Manuscript ID: JRD -2025-171105 ISSN: 2230-9578 Volume 17 Issue 11(A) Pp. 25-29 November. 2025 Submitted: 15 Oct. 2025 Revised: 25 Oct. 2025 Accepted: 10 Nov. 2025 Published: 30 Nov. 2025 xks"kokjk çR;sdkP;k thoukr dkgh LoIu vlrkrgh LoIu iw.kZ dj.;klkBh çR;sdtu ifjJe ?ksr vlrks- ;k ifjJekauk vkfFkZd fu;kstukph tksM fnyh tkr vlrsLor%ps ?kj gs R;kiSdhp ,d LoIu vkgsgs LoIu vkiY;kiSdh cgqrka'ktu ikgrkrijarq vkfFkZd fu;kstu vkfFkZd ifjfLFkrh vkf.k ?kjkP;k fderh c?krk gs LoIu çR;{kkr mrjrs vls ukghvkt 'kgjh Hkkxkr ?kjkP;k fderh xxukyk fHkMY;k vkgsrgs loZlkekU; fdaok vkfFkZd–"Vîk dedqor oxkZP;k vkokD;kckgsj xsyh vkgs- ,dk cktwyk gh xks"V [kjh vlyh rjh nqlÚ;k cktwyk x`g [kjsnhyk çksRlkgu feGkos Eg.kwu ljdkj enrhpk gkr nsr vkgsdsaæ ljdkjP;k ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstusP;k ek/;ekrwu vkrk rqeps Lor%P;k ?kjkps LoIu çR;{kkr ;sÅ 'kdrslokaZlkBh ?kjs ;k mís'kkus dsaæ ljdkj ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuk jkcor vkgs2020 i;aZr lokaZlkBh ?kj gs mfí"V iw.kZ dj.;kpk ljdkjpk ekul vkgs- ;k la'kks/kukpk eq[; mís'; Eg.kts ns'kkrhy ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstusP;k okVpkyhpk vk<kok ?ks.ks gk vkgs- 'kCn ladsr% ?kj] ;kstuk] dY;k.k] lekurk] efgyk l'kfDrdj.k o i;kZoj.kçLrkouk ekuokyk thou tx.;klkBh vusd xjtkph iwrZrk djkoh ykxrsR;ke/;s vUu] oL=] fuokjk vkf.k f'k{k.k o vkjksX;kP;k lks;h lqfo/kk ;k ewyHkwr xjtk vkgsrR;k feGfo.;klkBh çR;sd O;Drh dk;Z djhr vlrksLor%ps ?kj vlkos gs çR;sdkps LoIu vlrs] ijarq rs LoIu lokZpsp iw.kZ gksr ukgh2011 P;k tux.kusuqlkj Hkkjrkph yksdla[;k gh 1]210]854]977 brdh vlwu vktgh vusd dqVqackauk jkg.;klkBh ?kjh ukghr- ,d ewyHkwr xjt o lokaZxh.k fodkl ;k –"Vhus çR;sdkyk Lor%ps ?kj vlkos gk mís'; leksj Bsowu ljdkjus ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuk lq# dsyh2011 P;k tux.kusuqlkj 17]73040 brds dqVqac cs?kj vkgsr2011 P;k tux.kusuqlkj 'kgjh Hkkxkr 52-9 VDds rj xzkeh.k Hkkxkr 47-1 VDds ,o<h yksdla[;k vkgsR;kpçek.ks egkjk"Vªke/;s 2011 P;k tux.kusuqlkj 210908 dqVqac cs?kj vkgsrpaæiwj ftYgÓkrhy yksdla[;sps çek.k tkLr vlY;keqGs o vkfFkZd lerk ulY;keqGs fuoklkapk ç'u fuekZ.k gksrksvusd dqVqacs feGsy frFks fuokjk djrkr] QwVikVoj jk= dk<rkr gh leL;k vusd jkT;kae/;s deh vf/kd çek.kkr fnlwu ;srs-Lokra«; çkIrhuarj 1957 yk xzkeh.k vkokl dk;ZØekph lq#okr dsyh xsyhT;k}kjs yksdkauk çfr dqVqackyk ikp gtkj #i;s dtZ ns.;kr vkys gksrsegkjk"Vªke/;s xzke fodkl o iapk;rjkt foHkkxk}kjs bafnjk vkokl ;kstuk gh 1985 iklwu jkcfo.;kr ;sr vkgsgh ;kstuk 1995-96 iklwu egkjk"Vªkr Lora=i.ks jkcfo.;kr ;sr vkgs- ;k ;kstukae/;s nkfjæ js"ks[kkyhy yksdkauk ?kj miyC/k d#u ns.;kr vlsdsaæ o jkT; ljdkjekQZr ;k ;kstuspk [kpZZ 75 % 25 ;k çek.kkr fu/kh iqjoBk dsyk tkrkstwu 2015 iklwu bafnjk vkokl ;kstusps uko cnywu ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuk vls uko Bso.;kr vkys vkgsla'kks/kukpk mís'k çLrqr 'kks/kfuca/kkr ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuspk vk<kok ?ks.;kr ;sr vkgs] R;k vuq"kaxkus iq<hy mís'k fuf'pr dj.;kr vkys vkgs1. dsaæ iqjL—r ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstukpk ns'kkrhy fofo/k jkT;krhy çxrhpk vk<kok ?ks.ks2. ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstukeqGs >kysY;k çHkkokpk vk<kok ?ks.ksQuick Response Code: Website: https://jrdrvb.org/ DOI: Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work noncommercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations ae licensed under the idential terms. 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Original Article Journal of Research and Development A Multidisciplinary International Level Referred and Double Blind Peer Reviewed, Open Access ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-11(A)| November2025 26 la'kks/ku i)rh lnj 'kks/kfuca/k fyfgrkuk f}rh; ledkapk okij dj.;kr vkysyk vkgs rlsp dkgh ladsr LFkGkoj çdkf'kr ekfgrhpk lq)k okij dj.;kr vkyk vkgsç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuspk iwoZ bfrgkl ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuk Eg.kts L=h-iq#"kkuk Hkkjrh; ?kVusP;k ekxZn'kZd rÙokae/;s varHkwZr vlysY;k fuokÚ;kP;k leku gDd ekU; dj.;kpk –"Vhus Vkdysys ifgys ikÅy gks;- 'kgjh >ksiMiêh o xzkeh.k Hkkxkrhy vkfFkZd ekxkl] cs?kj] efgyk] o`)] viax T;kauk jkg.;klkBh ?kj ulwu R;kaP;k vkfFkZd o lkekftd fLFkrhe/;s jkg.khekukP;k ntkZe/;s lq/kkj.kk dj.;klkBh ljdkjus vkokl ;kstuk lq# dsyh vkgsLokra«;kuarj LFkykarjhr yksdkaps iquoZlu dj.;klkBh Hkkjrkr ,d vkokl dk;ZØe 1957 yk lq# dj.;kr vkyk R;kps uko fOgyst gkÅflax çksxzke (VHP) vkgso"kZ 1960 i;aZr Hkkjrkr fofo/k Hkkxkr toGikl ikp yk[k dqVqackyk ?kjs miyC/k >kyh- ;k dk;ZØekarxZr yksdkauk o lgdkjh lfeR;kauk çfr dqVqac ikp gtkj #i;s i;aZr dtZ fnys xsysikpoh iapokf"kZd ¼1974-1979½ ;kstusP;k 'ksoVi;aZr ;kstuk varxZr QDr 67 gtkj vkokl fuekZ.k dsys xsystwu 1985 yk bafnjk vkokl ;kstuk lq# dj.;kr vkyhR;ke/;s vuqlwfpr tkrh o vuqlwfpr tekrh yksdkalkBh gh ;kstuk lq# dj.;kr vkyh1 tkusokjh 1996 iklwu bafnjk vkokl ;kstuk Lora=i.ks lq# dj.;kr ;sowu R;ke/;s nkfjæ js"ks[kkyh yksdkapk lekos'k dj.;kr vkyk vkgso"kZ 2015 iklwu bafnjk vkokl ;kstuk gs uko cnywu dsaæ ljdkjekQZr ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuk gs uohu uko ;k ;kstusyk ns.;kr vkys ;k ;kstukae/;s ?kjcka/k.khlkBh eSnkuh {ks=kr 1 yk[k 20 gtkj #i;s o iwoZ-mRrj jkT;kalkBh rlsp igkMh {ks=kr jkg.kkÚ;k yksdkalkBh 1 yk[k 30 gtkj #i;s vkfFkZd enr fnY;k tkrspaæiwj ftYgÓkph laf{kIr ekfgrh çkphu dkGkr ^yksdkiwj* ;k ukokus vksG[kyk tk.kkjk ftYgk paæiwj ukokus çpfyr vkgsdkgh dkGkuarj R;kps uko baæiwj vkf.k paæiwj vls dj.;kr vkysek= fczfV'kkaP;k dkGkr gk ftYgk pkank ;k ukokus vksG[kyk tkr gksrk- ;k çns'kkr fganw vkf.k ckS) jkT;kph lRrk cÚ;kp dkGki;aZr gksrhlu 1240 rs 1751 ;k dkGkr ;srs ejkBîkaph lRrk LFkkfir gksbZi;aZr xksaM jktkphp lRrk gksrhejkBh jkts j?kqth Hkkslys gs lu 1853 e/;s foukokjl e`R;w ikoY;kuarj ukxiwj çkarklfgr lkezkT;kyk ns.;kr vkyklu 1974 iklwu paæiwj ftYgk Lokra= ftYgk Eg.kwu x.kyk tkÅ ykxyk ç'kkldh; lqfo/kklkBh ftYgÓkps 26 v‚xLV 1982 jksth foHkktu d#u xMfpjksyh gk egkjk"Vª jkT;krhy 30 ftYgk fuekZ.k dj.;kr vkykegkjk"Vª jkT;krhy ,dw.k 36 ftYgÓkaiSdh paæiwj gk ,d ftYgk vlwu R;kps {ks=QG 11]443 pkSjl fdyksehVj ,o<s vkgsftYgÓkP;k iwosZl xMfpjksyh] mRrj o if'pesl ukxiwj] o/kkZ o HkaMkjk nf{k.ksl rsyax.kke/khy vkfnykckn ftYgk vkgspaæiwj ftYgk egkjk"VªkP;k iwosZdMhy Hkkxkr vlwu ftYgÓkP;k iwoZ lhesoj mRrjsdMwu nf{k.ksdMs okg.kkjh oSuxaxk vkf.k if'pe lhesoj okg.kkÚ;k o/kkZ unhus ftYgÓkP;k nksu uSlfxZd lhek vk[kY;k vkgs- ;k ftYgÓkrhy laiw.kZ u|k mRrjsdMwu nf{k.ksdMs okgrkrlikV Hkkxkph loZlk/kkj.k maph ftYgÓkP;k mRrj Hkkxkr leqæ likVhiklwu 900 QwV map vlwu ftYgÓkP;k nf{k.ksdMhy likV Hkkxkph maph 406 QwV vkgsç'kkldh; jpuse/;s ftYgÓkr ,dw.k 'kgjkph la[;k 12 vlwu 1 egkuxjikfydk] 6 uxjikfydk] 15 iapk;r lfeR;k] 827 xzkeiapk;r o xV xzkeiapk;r vlwu 15 rkyqds vkgsr2011 P;k tux.kusuqlkj ftYgÓkps ,dw.k yksdla[;k 22]04]307 vlwu R;kiSdh 11]23]834 iq#"k o 10]80]473 fL=;k vkgsrftYgÓkpk yksdla[;k o`)hnj 2001 rs 2011 ;k ngk o"kkZpk dkGkr 6-4 VDds ,o<k vkgs2011 P;k tux.kusuqlkj ,dw.k yksdla[;kiSdh paæiwj rkyqD;kr lokZf/kd 21-8 VDds yksd jkgrkriksaHkw.kkZ rkyqD;kr lokZr deh 2-3 VDds yksd jkgrkrrlsp ,dw.k yksdla[;siSdh 64-8 VDds yksd xzkeh.k Hkkxkr rj 35-2 VDds yksd 'kgjkr jkgrkrftYgÓkr lk{kjrsps çek.k 80 VDds vlwu xzkeh.k lk{kjrsps çek.k 75-5 VDds o 'kgjh lk{kjrsps çek.k 88-2 VDds ,o<s vkgsftYgÓkr ,dw.k dke dj.kkÚ;kaph la[;k 10]58]172 vlwu rh ,dw.k yksdla[;sP;k 48-8 VDds vkgs20-9 VDds 'ksrdjh] 44-8 VDds 'ksretwj] 2 VDds ?kjxqrh m|ksx] 32-3 VDds yksd brj lsosr xqarysys vkgspaæiwj ftYgk vkS|ksfxd–"Vîk çxr ftYgk Eg.kwu vksG[kyk tkrksftYgÓkrhy foiqy [kfut laiRrheqGs 1121 uksan.kh—r y?kqm|ksx] 31 eksBs m|ksx LFkkiu >kys vkgsr- ;k eksBîk m|ksxkr çkeq[;kus ,-lh-lh-] vacqtk] ekf.kdxM] vYVªkVsd] eqjyh ,Wxzks vls ikp eksBs m|ksx lewg cYykjiwj isij fey] yksg iksykn m|ksx] m|ksx jsfÝtjsVj dkj[kkuk] vk;q/k fuekZ.k dsaæ ;k m|ksxkpk lekos'k vkgsl/;k fLFkrhr 13 vkS|ksfxd olkgrh] 40 dksG'kkP;k [kk.kh] Liat vk;Zu fuekZ.k dj.kkjs 63 m|ksx o vkf'k;k [kaMkrhy lokZr eksBs vkSf".kd oht fufeZrh dsaæ vkgspaæiwj ftYgÓkpk çeq[k O;olk; 'ksrh vlwu R;krwu rkanwG] rwj] gjHkjk] Tokjh] xgw] lks;kchu] dkiwl gh fids ?ksryh tkrkrR;kpcjkscj 2012 P;k i'kq tux.kusuqlkj ,dw.k i'kq/ku 8]46]045 ,o<s vkgsxk;h o cSy 61-1 VDds] Eg'kh o jsMs 8-7 VDds] esa<îk o cdÚ;k 30 VDds rj ?kksMs f'kaxGs 3 VDds vlwu ,dw.k dqDdqVi{kh 5]75]372 brdh vkgsrlsp lu 2018-19 o"kkZr 19]389 gsDVj {ks= eRL; mRiknuklkBh vuqdwy vlwu mi;ksxkr vk.kysys ,dw.k {ks= ek= 17]132 gsDVj vkgspaæiwj ftYgÓkrhy ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuk varxZr vuqlwfpr tkrhe/khy ykHkkFkhZ 2018-19 ;k o"kkZr xzkeh.k Hkkxkrhy la[;k 197 o 'kgjh Hkkxkrhy la[;k 317 ,o<h vkgs rj vuqlwfpr tekrhe/khy ykHkkFkhZ xzkeh.k Hkkxkrhy la[;k 657 o 'kgjh Hkkxkrhy 184 ,o<h vkgsrlsp vYila[;kdkaph xzkeh.k Hkkxkrhy la[;k 2 o 'kgjh Hkkxkrhy la[;k 111 ,o<h vkgsv'kk çdkjs ,dw.k xzkeh.k Hkkxkrhy ykHkkFkhZ la[;k 1652 o 'kgjh Hkkxkrhy ,dw.k la[;k 2510 ,o<h vkgs- Journal of Research and Development A Multidisciplinary International Level Referred and Double Blind Peer Reviewed, Open Access ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-11(A)| November2025 27 panziwj ftYgÓkkrhy iz/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuk rDrk Ø1 ftYgk % panziwj lanHkZ o"kZ 1 ,fizy 2019 rs 31 ekpZ 2020 vØrkyqdk eatwj dsysY;k ?kjdqykaph la[;k Ikw.kZ >kysY;k ?kjdqykaph la[;k v-tkv-tvYi brj ,dw.k v-tkv-t vYi brj ,dw.k 1 Okjksjk Xkzkeh.k 3 75 0 250 328 58 118 0 205 381 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 fpewj Xkzkeh.k 25 713 0 408 1146 254 355 12 455 1076 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 ukxfHkaM Xkzkeh.k 20 143 0 491 654 132 127 12 255 526 Ukkxjh 70 138 4 301 513 0 0 0 5 5 4 czEgiwjh Xkzkeh.k 82 164 0 973 1219 298 242 10 417 967 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 Lkkoyh Xkzkeh.k 5 92 0 216 313 142 225 20 284 671 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 flansokgh Xkzkeh.k 18 523 0 214 485 140 180 10 172 502 Ukkxjh 35 10 2 88 135 0 0 0 0 0 7 Hknzkorh Xkzkeh.k 7 183 0 143 333 51 197 0 165 413 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 Pkanziwj Xkzkeh.k 3 106 0 216 325 51 184 12 228 475 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 0 0 11 2 0 61 74 9 Ekwy Xkzkeh.k 2 91 0 43 136 148 270 20 304 778 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 IkksaHkw.kkZ Xkzkeh.k 11 76 0 127 214 57 114 0 173 344 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 36 36 0 0 0 0 0 11 cYykjiwj Xkzkeh.k 0 3 0 28 31 22 45 12 81 160 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 dksjiuk Xkzkeh.k 0 88 0 75 163 25 60 0 121 206 Ukkxjh 11 4 19 153 187 0 0 1 7 8 13 jktwjk Xkzkeh.k 2 19 0 95 116 56 96 0 136 288 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 0 0 6 3 5 51 65 14 XkksaMfiijh Xkzkeh.k 9 95 0 84 188 98 200 12 226 536 Ukkxjh 12 30 3 138 183 0 0 0 0 0 15 ftorh Xkzkeh.k 63 166 0 246 475 110 152 0 115 377 Ukkxjh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ,dw.k Xkzkeh.k 250 2267 0 3609 6126 1678 2565 120 3337 7700 Ukkxjh 128 182 28 716 1054 17 5 6 124 152 L=ksr % vFkZ o lkaf[;dh foHkkx paæiwj ftYgk] egkjk"Vª 'kklu1 ,fçy 2019 rs 31 ekpZ 2020 ;k dkyko/khr ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuk varxZr paæiwj ftYákr xzkeh.k Hkkxkrhy eatwj dsysY;k ?kjdqykph ,dw.k la[;k 6126 vlwu R;kiSdh iw.kZ >kysY;k ?kjdqyph la[;k 7700 vkgs] rlsp 'kgjh Hkkxkr eatwj dsysY;k ?kjdqykaph ,dw.k la[;k 1054 vkf.k iw.kZ >kysY;k ?kjdqykaph ,dw.k la[;k 152 vkgsç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstusph fo'ks"krk 1ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuk varxZr dsaæ ljdkjekQZr eSnkuh {ks=kr ?kj cka/k.;klkBh 1 yk[k 20 gtkj o igkMh {ks=klkBh 1 yk[k 30 gtkj #i;s fu/kh fnyk tkrksrlsp dsaæ o jkT; ljdkjekQZr ;k ;kstukapk [kpZ 75 % 25 ;k çek.kkr fu/kh iqjoBk dsyk tkrks2- 'kkSpky; cka/kwu ns.;klkBh LoPN Hkkjr fe'ku varxZr dsaæ ljdkj ekQZr 12 gtkj #i;s fu/kh miyC/k d#u ns.;kr ;srks3ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstusvarxZr mRiUukuqlkj oxhZdj.k d#u deh O;ktkP;k njkus dtZ ?ks.;kph O;oLFkk dj.;kr vkyh vkgs- Journal of Research and Development A Multidisciplinary International Level Referred and Double Blind Peer Reviewed, Open Access ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-11(A)| November2025 28 4ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstusekQZr ns.;kr ;s.kkjh ?kjs efgykaP;k ukokus ns.;kr ;sr vkgs5ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuse/;s ?kjklkscr Lo;aikd #eph O;oLFkk dj.;kr vkY;keqGs iwohZis{kk HkwHkkx {ks= ok<o.;kr vkys vkgs6- 'kq) ik.kh] ,yihth xWl dusD'ku] fot dusD'ku bR;knh ;kstusekQZr miyC/k d#u ns.;kr ;sr vkgs7ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuseqGs xzkeh.k Hkkxkrhy csdkjh oxkaZuk jkstxkj çkIr gksr vkgs8- ?kj cka/k.;klkBh vko';d vlysY;k oLrwauk ekx.kh ok<Y;kus lacaf/kr m|ksxkapk foLrkj gksr vkgsç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuspk mís'k 1vkfFkZd–"Vîk nqcZG oxZ lewgkyk enr dj.ks2Jhear o xjhc ;k nksu oxkZr vlysyh fo"kerk deh dj.ks3o"kZ 2022 i;aZr 1 djksM ?kjs vkfFkZd–"Vîk nqcZG oxkZyk miyC/k d#u ns.ks4fjVk;j o 'kghn lSfudkaP;k dqVqackauk ?kjs eatwj d#u nsÅu vkfFkZd lgk¸; dj.ks5fo/kok efgyk] fodykax O;Drh o vYila[;kdkauk enr dj.ksç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuklkBh ykHkkFkhZ ik=rk vkokl ;kstuk varxZr ?kjdqy feG.;klkBh iq<hy çek.ks ik=rk vl.ks vko';d vkgs1dkSVqafcd fLFkrh % irh] iRuh vkf.k vfookfgr eqykaps dqVqac gs ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstusvarxZr fu/kkZfjr dsysY;k ekinaMkuqlkj ?kjs ekuys tkrs- ;k ;kstusvarxZr ykHkklkBh vtZ dj.kkÚ;k ykHkkFkhZdMs HkkjrkP;k dks.kR;kgh Hkkxkr R;kaP;k ukokoj fdaok R;kaP;k dqVqackrhy dks.kR;kgh lnL;kP;k ukokoj iDds ?kj ulkos2- ?kjkph ekydh % 21 pkSjl ehVjis{kk deh iDds ?kj vlysY;k yksdkauk l/;kP;k ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstuse/;s lekos'k dsys tkÅ 'kdrs3oSokfgd fLFkrh % fookfgr tksMI;kaP;k ckcrhr irh iRuhiSdh ,d fdaok nks?ksgh ,d= ekydhe/;s ,dkp ?kjklkBh ik= vlrhy] tj R;kauh ;kstusvarxZr dqVqackP;k mRiUukpk ik=rspk fudklkph iwrZrk dsyh vlsy4Js.kh % bZMCY;w- ,l- (EWS) Js.khrhy ykHkkFkhZ fe'kuP;k pkjgh vuqyacke/;s ik= vkgs rj LIG/MIG Js.kh dsoG fe'kuP;k (CLSS) ?kVdkarxZr ik= vkgs- ,llho ,lVhrlsp vk-sch-lhçoxkZrhy yksd EWS vkf.k LIG e/khy efgyk ns[khy ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstusvarxZr ykHk ?ks.;kl ik= vkgsLku 2023 e/;s ç/kkuea=h vkokl ;kstusph çxrh rDrk Ø2 v-ØjkT; 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