पंचायत क्षेत्र विस्तार कायद्या (पेसा) अंतर्गत ग्राम पंचायतींचा वित्तीय व मनुष्यबळ विस्तार: समस्या व उपाय

चामट, संदीप अ.; बेलोकार, राजेंद्र ओ.

doi:10.5281/zenodo.17866065

पंचायत क्षेत्र विस्तार कायद्या (पेसा) अंतर्गत ग्राम पंचायतींचा वित्तीय व मनुष्यबळ विस्तार: समस्या व उपाय

चामट, संदीप अ.; बेलोकार, राजेंद्र ओ.

Publisher: Zenodo
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17866065
Repository: zenodo.org
Language: en

Abstract

पंचायत (अनुसूचित क्षेत्रांपर्यंत विस्तार) कायदा, १९९६ (पेसा) भारतातील आदिवासी समुदायांना विकेंद्रीकृत स्वशासनाद्वारे सक्षम करण्यासाठी लागू करण्यात आला होता, ज्यामुळे स्थानिक संसाधने आणि विकास प्रक्रियांचे व्यवस्थापन करण्यात ग्रामसभा आणि ग्रामपंचायतींना मध्यवर्ती भूमिका बजावता यावी, याची खात्री केली गेली. तथापि, या दृष्टिकोनाची प्रभावी अंमलबजावणी आर्थिक आणि मानवी संसाधनांच्या लक्षणीय अडचणींमुळे अडथळा ठरली आहे. हा अध्ययन पेसा अंतर्गत कार्यरत असलेल्या ग्रामपंचायतींच्या आर्थिक आणि प्रशासकीय क्षमतेचे सखोल परीक्षण करतो, विशेषतः वित्तीय स्वायत्तता, निधी प्रवाह यंत्रणा, कर्मचारी नियुक्ती पद्धती आणि क्षमता बांधणी या मुद्द्यांवर लक्ष केंद्रित करतो. या अध्ययनात निधीचे अपुरे वितरण, मर्यादित स्वतःच्या स्रोतांचे महसूल निर्मिती, अपुरे प्रशिक्षित कर्मचारी आणि स्थानिक स्वराज्याला कमकुवत करणाऱ्या संस्थात्मक समर्थनाच्या कमतरता यासारख्या सततच्या आव्हानांना ओळखले गेले आहे. धोरणात्मक आढावा, क्षेत्रीय अभ्यास आणि दुय्यम माहितीच्या आधारे, व्यावहारिक उपायांचा एक संच प्रस्तावित केला आहे, ज्यामध्ये वाढीव वित्तीय विकास, समर्पित पेसा कॅडरची निर्मिती, ग्रामसभांचे संस्थात्मक बळकटीकरण आणि पारदर्शक आर्थिक व्यवस्थापनासाठी तंत्रज्ञानाचे एकत्रीकरण यांचा समावेश आहे. या संशोधनातून असा निष्कर्ष निघतो की अनुसूचित क्षेत्रातील ग्रामपंचायतींच्या शाश्वत सक्षमीकरणासाठी आर्थिक स्वायत्तता, कुशल मनुष्यबळाने आणि खरे प्रशासकीय विकेंद्रीकरण यांचा समावेश असलेला समग्र दृष्टिकोन आवश्यक आहे, ज्यामुळे भारतातील आदिवासी समुदायांसाठी स्वराज्याचे संविधानिक वचन पूर्ण होऊ शकते.

Full text

Journal of Research and Development A Multidisciplinary International Level Referred and Double Blind Peer Reviewed, Open Access ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-11(A)| November2025 30  󰫤󰭃 󰬎 󰱳 () 󰫦 󰬶 󰰎 󰰌  󰬍 󰬎: 󰬎    .  1,. 󰰗󰭅 . 2 1󰫦,󰫵󰲌  . . .  󰱳,  2󰫵󰲌  󰭈 . .    Email: [email protected] Manuscript ID: JRD -2025-171106 ISSN: 2230-9578 Volume 17 Issue 11(A) Pp. 30-35 November. 2025 Submitted: 15 oct. 2025 Revised: 25 oct. 2025 Accepted: 10 Nov. 2025 Published: 30 Nov. 2025 ( ) ,  ( ) , , . , . , , , . , , . , ,  , , ,  . , , . : ( ) ( ); ; ; ; 󰭈󰬎 󰰗󰲑󰭅   󰫳  󰱿󰬎   .   󰬉  󰱿 󰰈󰬎   󰬎 (PRI) 󰬎   󰬎 󰬎󰫵 󰬎 󰫤 󰫼 󰫦 󰬂  . 󰭃, 󰲑󰰀  󰫤󰭃 , 󰬎, 󰲗  󰫦 󰬍󰱘 󰫤   󰬀    ( 󰫤󰭃󰬀 󰬎)  󰬆    󰫼 .  󰱳  󰱯 󰬆 󰬶  󰬶󰰎 󰫽󰫳 󰬎  󰭃 󰫼,   󰬎 󰫼  󰫦 󰭈󰲑󰬴   󰰣󰫼 󰬎󰮇  󰲑   󰬎 󰭈󰬎   . Quick Response Code: Website: https://jrdrvb.org/ DOI: Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work noncommercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations ae licensed under the idential terms. Address for correspondence: . , , . . . , How to cite this article: . , . , (2025). ( ) : Journal of Research & Development, 17(11), 30-35. Original Article Journal of Research and Development A Multidisciplinary International Level Referred and Double Blind Peer Reviewed, Open Access ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-11(A)| November2025 31 ,  󰱳󰫳 󰬆  󰫽  󰫦󰫽    . 󰱳  󰫤󰭃󰬀  󰰗󰭅   ,  󰫽 󰭈  󰲗 󰰌  󰭈󰫤 󰬍     . 󰲗 󰫤 󰬶󰰎 󰬎󰭃       ,   󰭈󰫤 󰬍 󰭈 󰫦󰫤  󰰉    󰲐 .  󰬎,  󰫤󰭃  󰬶󰰎 󰫦󰲑 󰲗 󰬎󰰌,     󰭈󰫤 󰫦󰬬   󰬎   .  󰫽 󰫦     󰫦󰲑 . ,  󰫵    󰭈󰲒  󰱷 󰬉 ,   󰫦󰬬󰫳    󰲑 .  󰲐 󰲒  󰫦 󰭈󰲑󰬴 󰭈 , 󰫽 󰬶     󰬎   󰫦󰲑 .  󰲐󰬎    󰭈󰫽󰫤 󰬀   󰫦  , 󰫵  󰫤󰭃  󰫦󰫤 󰫦  .  󰲂󰫦, 󰱳 󰬅 󰱯   󰬶󰰎󰫳 󰲗    󰫤  󰲄   . 󰱳 󰲗 󰭈 󰫤, 󰭈 󰫾󰫦 󰬉  󰭈 󰰗󰭅       󰬅 󰭈 󰬀 . ,  󰫤󰭃 󰬶󰰎 󰲗   󰫼,    󰫼  󰬎󰫽 󰫦󰫤 󰫼 󰱿󰲐  󰫽  󰫼  . 󰬎󰫵  , 󰫦   󰲑 󰫤  󰲑󰱯󰲆󰫳 󰫦 󰫳   󰬎    󰫽󰬌 .  󰲑󰱯󰲆   󰫤󰭃 󰬶󰰎 󰲗 󰬎   󰭃 󰲄 .   󰰎 󰬍   󰭈󰲒 󰫤 󰬉 .  󰲗  󰬍 󰬎  󰬬 󰭈 󰬋  .     󰫼 󰱿󰲐  󰫽  . 󰫽 󰫤  󰱨  󰬎  ( 󰫤󰭃󰰩 󰬎)  () 󰫳   󰲑  󰬶󰰎󰫳 󰲗  󰭈󰲒 󰫤 󰫽 󰲐  .  ()  󰱇 󰲇  󰫦󰬴󰫳 ()  󰫤󰱺     󰲒,  󰱳 󰬶 󰫽󰫳 󰬎    󰱿󰬎 󰫼   󰲑 ,  󰭈󰫽󰫤 󰫦󰲑 󰲗 󰬎󰰌  󰫵    󰭈󰲒 󰭃   󰱳  󰭈   . 󰲐 ()    󰬎󰲆  󰲒 󰫳  󰭈  󰬆 󰫵   󰫳 󰬀 󰬁 ;   󰫵 󰬶󰰎  󰲗    󰫼   .  󰫳 󰰀-󰫵 󰬉 () 󰰌,   󰲇 󰫯 󰫵󰬀 󰬎  󰲑 ,   󰫤󰭃 󰬶󰰎   󰭈,   󰭈  󰫳 󰱍 󰬎   ,   󰫼  .   󰭃- 󰬅 () 󰬀 󰭈󰫤 󰫦󰬬 󰭐      󰭈󰲒 󰫤 󰬉 󰲑 , 󰫵 󰬌 󰫦   󰭈  .  󰰌  ()    󰭃󰫳 󰰗󰭅 󰰘  ()     󰲒  󰫤󰭃 󰰎   󰬎  󰫦󰲑 󰬎󰫳 󰭓󰫳  󰲗 󰰗󰭅   . 󰱺 ()   ()  󰫦  󰲑 󰲒  󰬍  󰬎 󰭈󰲒 󰬎󰰌 󰬉,  󰫦 󰬎󰫵 󰬎󰱹    . 󰭃,  󰫦    󰲒  󰬎  󰫼    󰫤󰭃󰬀 󰬬  󰬎󰫵 󰭈󰱺 󰫼 󰲗    󰬎 󰬁 󰫽 󰰍 .  󰱮:  󰬀  󰫦 󰬶󰰎󰫳 󰲗  󰬍 󰰩 󰬉 󰫼 󰭑 󰭈  󰬇   󰰉 󰫦󰫽  󰲄󰫽  , 󰫵 󰱯 󰫦      󰫤󰭃󰬀 󰭈 󰰗󰭅 󰫽  󰭈  . Journal of Research and Development A Multidisciplinary International Level Referred and Double Blind Peer Reviewed, Open Access ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-11(A)| November2025 32  ( 󰫤󰭃󰬀 󰬎)  () 󰫦 󰬶󰰎 󰲗  󰬍 󰬎: 󰱯    ( 󰫤󰭃󰬀 󰬎) ,  󰬆     󰫳 󰱿    󰫤󰭃󰰩 (󰫵 󰱿   ) 󰬎󰫼 󰫼 .  󰱳 󰫯    󰲒 󰲑󰰀 󰬶  󰬶󰰎 󰫽󰫳 , 󰬎  󰲗 󰬍󰱘 󰬁  󰬎󰰌 󰫦 󰫼 󰫤 . , 󰬎 󰭈,    󰲗 󰫳 󰱿󰬎 󰲑  󰲑󰬴  󰲀    󰱳 󰭈 󰲑󰱯󰲆 . ,  󰰌 󰲑󰱯󰲆 󰭈   󰬋 󰭈 , 󰫯󰫽  󰲗    . 󰬶 󰰗󰭅  󰫵 󰰎 󰱚 󰭈  , 󰬎  󰲕 -󰲐   󰲗 󰫤 󰫦󰲑 , 󰫵 󰲗 󰬎󰰌  .  󰫦 󰲑    󰭃 󰫦󰬬󰫯 󰭈󰫤 󰫦󰬬  󰬉    󰭈   󰫦 . 󰱿󰲐󰱇,  󰰎 󰫦󰲑 󰰉, 󰫤-󰲗   󰲐   󰬉 󰲐 󰲑 󰬎 󰬎󰫽     󰰣 󰫦 , 󰫵  󰭈󰲒 󰫦󰫤 󰲑 .  󰰎  󰫼 󰰩   󰫽󰬌 .  󰬶 󰬎  —  󰲒 ,   󰰌 , 󰭈 󰱿󰬎 󰫼  󰭈 , 󰬎󰫦   󰭈  ,   󰫤   󰭃󰫥󰫳 󰬀 󰭈 󰫦       . -󰲐 󰬴, 󰫦-󰫦   󰱳 󰭈󰫽  󰲂 󰬎 󰫦󰱿󰬎   . 󰬍 󰬀 󰬎 󰬀 󰫤-󰲗 󰫦󰬴, 󰬎 󰰈  󰲑 󰬎    󰫽 󰫽 . 󰲐 󰲑 󰲐 󰲐 󰰎 󰭃    󰬀 󰬁 󰲀  󰬎󰫽  󰰉 . 󰰌,   󰬀 󰭈 󰫯 󰫵  , 󰬐-  - 󰭈 󰫯 󰬶󰫼 󰱮 󰬉 , 󰫵 󰬎 󰬎 󰫤 󰫼 󰱿 󰫦 󰲑 .  󰬎󰱹    󰬶󰰎 󰬎󰰌,  󰱿󰬎 󰬬 󰬎󰬀 󰰉󰲐 󰫼  , 󰫵󰬀 󰫤 󰬶, 󰭈󰫤 󰬎 󰫦  󰲗 󰬎󰮇 , 󰫵   󰬎 󰲑 󰭈  .    󰬎󰫽 :    ( 󰫤󰭃󰰩 󰬎)  ()  󰫤󰭃 󰬎 󰬎󰫵 󰫼 󰬶  󰬶󰰎  , 󰫽󰫳 󰱨 , 󰬎  󰲗 󰱿󰬎 󰬁  󰲑  󰫤 󰫼  󰫼 .    󰫼 󰱿  󰬁  󰫳 . 󰬀 󰬶 ,   󰰌 󰫯 󰬎 󰫳 󰬎󰰌 󰱿󰬎 󰫤 , 󰬎󰭃   󰭈 ,   󰫤   󰭃󰫥󰫳  󰫦  󰰌󰫽  󰫯  󰬌 .     󰲐 󰱳  󰰉 󰲑 󰲐,   󰬎  󰫤 󰫼     󰭈󰲑󰬴 󰬎   󰲀 . 󰫽 󰲑󰱯󰲆    󰫦 , 󰫦    󰲀  . ,   󰫵󰬀  .  󰫵󰬀   󰫼 󰬌   󰲕  󰬎󰬉  , 󰫵 󰭈 󰫤, 󰲗 󰬎󰰌  󰭈󰲒 󰭃  .  󰭈󰬀  󰫦󰬎  󰬉 󰬶  󰫤 󰫦󰲑 ,   󰲗  󰬎󰭃 󰬎 󰬴  󰫦 .     󰫤󰭃󰬀 󰭈  󰫤  󰫦 , 󰫵 󰫳 󰰎  , 󰲑 󰫤, 󰬎    󰬎 󰭈 󰲑󰱯󰲆 󰫦 󰫼  󰭃 󰬌  . Journal of Research and Development A Multidisciplinary International Level Referred and Double Blind Peer Reviewed, Open Access ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-11(A)| November2025 33  󰫦 󰬶󰰎 󰲗 󰬎  󰫤󰭃 󰬶 󰫽󰫳 󰫽  󰭈   󰫼 󰭈󰫯  󰲗 󰭓  . 󰬀 󰬎   󰫦   󰭈  󰰗󰭅 󰰌  (CFC)  󰫵 󰰌  (SFC)   ,  󰲆 󰫽 󰲑󰱯󰲆 󰫽  󰲇 󰬶    (MGNREGS), 󰲇 󰬶    󰭈󰭃   – 󰬶 󰫯 󰰗󰭅 󰬎  (CSS)       . 󰬶 󰬎 , ,       󰫦󰲑 󰬎 󰭓  (OSR)   ,  󰫵   ,  󰲑 󰭈󰬀  󰰀  . 󰱿󰲐󰱇, 󰫵  󰬎 󰭈󰬉 󰫦 󰫼   󰬐 󰲑    . 󰬎-    󰬶󰰎 󰫤 󰫼󰫳 󰱯  󰰀-󰭓   󰬎󰫽  , 󰰍󰫦 󰬋  . 󰫦󰲑 󰲗 󰲑󰬴      󰬎  (Own Source Revenue) 󰲗  ,  󰱍 󰬬  󰬎   󰭈󰫽 󰭈   󰫦 . 󰱍󰬎   󰲎 󰬎 󰫽,   󰬉 󰭈󰰎󰬀 󰫦󰲑 󰲗 󰫤  󰲗 󰬎󰰌   󰫦 .  󰫦 󰲑  󰫦   󰫤 󰭈 󰫦    .  󰲗 󰫦 󰬶󰰎󰫳   󰫼,   󰲐 󰫼  󰬎󰰌 󰬎 󰬎 󰬆 󰫦 󰫼 󰫤  . 󰲐,  󰱳 󰫤 󰬉 󰬎󰫳 󰰍 󰭈   .  󰰎  󰫼 󰰌 󰰗󰭅 󰬎, 󰬎  󰫤 󰱮  󰬄  󰭃 󰰉 󰬶󰰎 󰲗     󰫽󰬌 .  󰫦 󰬍 󰬎  󰫤󰭃 󰬶   󰬍  󰫦 . 󰫯 󰫦   󰬶 󰬎   󰭈 ,  󰫦   󰬎 󰭈  . 󰫽   󰲕   󰲔 ,  󰫦󰲑 󰫦󰬬  󰬀    . , 󰲆  󰫦󰬴 󰲕 󰭈󰲒   󰭃  󰭈󰲒 󰫦 󰬄 󰰉 󰲑 , 󰰀   󰭈󰱇󰲒.   󰭈    󰬄 󰰉 ,  󰲑󰰀 󰭈󰫳 󰲆 󰭈󰲒     󰬌 󰫦 󰫼   .  󰫯 󰬍 󰬋 󰭈   .  , 󰫦 󰲐  󰲑   󰫼 󰱿  󰭈󰫽 󰬉 󰫦󰬬 󰭐  . 󰭈󰫤  󰫤-󰲗 󰫦󰬴 󰫦󰲑 󰬉   󰭈  󰫦  , 󰲗     󰭈󰲑󰬴 󰱿󰬎 󰫼   .    󰫳 󰬬  , 󰫵 󰫽 󰬎󰰌     󰫦 󰬉 󰬉 󰬎-󰫳 󰰍  . , 󰬎      󰲑  󰭈 󰬁  ,  󰭈󰲒 󰬀 󰬎 󰰈    󰭈󰫽 󰫳    󰫦󰲑 .  󰬍  󰰎 󰲐 󰫽  󰬎󰰉 . 󰫦󰬬  󰫯  󰫦󰲑 󰬉 󰭈 󰫦󰫤  ,  󰫰     󰬉   󰫤 󰲐 󰫼  . 󰫰, 󰫤  󰬶  󰫯 󰫤󰭃    󰲐 󰲑 ,  󰰎  󰬴 󰭈 ,    󰫼  . 󰲐,  󰱳 󰭈󰫽 󰲑󰬉 󰬎󰰌  󰫽 󰱿󰬎   . 󰫽  󰫤󰭃 󰬶󰰎  󰬍 󰬎, 󰬎 󰬎 , 󰬉󰱮  󰬎󰫽 󰬇  󰲆󰰎   󰫦  . Journal of Research and Development A Multidisciplinary International Level Referred and Double Blind Peer Reviewed, Open Access ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-11(A)| November2025 34  󰫦 󰬶󰰎  󰫼 󰭈󰬎   󰫤󰭃 󰬶󰰎 󰬬 󰲗     󰰎 󰭈  󰫼   󰱳 󰫽󰫳 󰫦󰫤 󰫦  󰫼, 󰲗 󰫤, 󰫤 󰱮  󰬎󰫽   󰬁  󰫦   󰬌 . 󰲗 󰫤󰫳 󰲆, 󰰎 󰬎  󰫼   󰫼  󰬎󰰌  󰲑  —  󰲒 , ,  ,     . 󰫽,     󰫦 󰲀 󰫼    󰫤 󰭈  󰰉      .  󰫤󰭃  󰱇  󰰉 ,    󰬎󰫯 -󰲐  󰱿󰬎 󰬉 󰭈󰫽 , 󰲂    󰫽󰱷 󰲗   .  , 󰲑 󰲐  󰬎  󰫥 󰬉 󰭈󰫤 󰬬 󰲗  󰬎  󰬌 ,  󰫵 󰬶  󰬎  󰲑  󰬎󰱨  󰭈󰫤  󰫤 , 󰬉  󰰉     󰭈󰫽 󰫼 󰬎 󰰈 -󰭈 󰬆 󰱇   .   󰫽   󰬐 󰫦󰬴  󰱇 .󰬎󰫽 ,  󰫦 󰫼 󰫵  󰱳  󰰎  ,    󰫤  󰬶󰫳  󰫦      󰫼    󰰘 󰭃  󰬌 . 󰱿󰲐󰱇,   󰭈 (GIS)    󰬂󰫦  󰰉 󰫽  󰭃   󰬉 󰲐- 󰭈󰬉 󰬾󰲕  - 󰫦   .   󰭈 󰬁 󰬉 󰬶󰰎  󰫦󰫤 󰱿󰬎, 󰭈    󰫤󰭃󰬀 , 󰬎󰬍󰱘   󰬎  󰬀 󰫼  󰬀 󰫦 󰬀  . 󰬍󰫦 󰲑  󰬎,  󰫦󰭈󰲑󰬴  󰬎󰬍󰱘  󰱨  󰫼  ( 󰫤󰭃󰬀 󰬎) , 󰬆  , 󰭈  󰫽  . 󰭃,  󰫤󰭃  󰬶 󰲗   󰫳   󰬋   .  󰫦󰬀  󰲗 , 󰬎 󰫽󰱷 󰭓  ,  󰬎 ,  󰱍󰬎 󰰩 󰫽   , 󰫽 󰬎 󰬎󰰌  󰫦󰫤 󰬁  . , 󰫦󰬬 󰫯  , 󰭈󰫤 󰫦󰲑 , 󰬎       󰲒 󰫽  󰰎   ,    󰭈   . 󰲐,   ,   󰭃  󰬉 󰫦󰬴   , 󰫵  󰱳 󰫤 󰬎 󰬉 󰫦 .    󰫼 󰰀   󰬌 .  󰬎  , 󰱇 ,   󰭈  󰲐  󰱿󰬎󰱨 󰲗 󰫤; 󰲗   󰬎 󰰉   , 󰬎  , 󰭈󰫤   󰫽 󰭈󰫽;  󰫵   󰰍  ,  󰫤 󰫦 ,  󰬁       󰰉 󰫦   󰭈 󰬎  —  󰫦    󰱿  󰫽󰬌 . , 󰬶󰰎󰬀 󰲗    󰬎   󰭈󰲒  󰬆 󰬌 ,  󰬬 󰲑 󰬎󰫵󰫳 󰲑   󰬆 󰬌 .  󰰎 󰲑 󰫳 󰭈󰬁󰬴,   󰫤 󰭈󰲓 󰬬 󰫤 󰬎 󰫼 󰫤 , 󰫵  󰲐󰫦  󰫦 . 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