Switching from LPG to electricity in Indonesia: a study in the Java Bali grid

Hilmiyati-Mas’adah, Hilda et al. Article Switching from LPG to electricity in Indonesia: a study in the Java Bali grid Cogent Business & Management Provided in Cooperation with: Taylor & Francis Group Suggested Citation: Hilmiyati-Mas’adah, Hilda et al. (2024) : Switching from LPG to electricity in Indonesia: a study in the Java Bali grid, Cogent Business & Management, ISSN 2331-1975, Taylor & Francis, Abingdon, Vol. 11, Iss. 1, pp. 1-21, https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2298221 This Version is available at: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/325968 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your personal and scholarly purposes. You are not to copy documents for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. If the documents have been made available under an Open Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Cogent Business & Management ISSN: 2331-1975 (Online) Journal homepage: www.tandfonline.com/journals/oabm20 Switching from LPG to electricity in Indonesia: a study in the Java Bali grid Hilda Hilmiyati-Mas’adah, Achmad Sudiro, Fatchur Rohman, Agung Yuniarinto, Dzikri Firmansyah Hakam & Herry Nugraha To cite this article: Hilda Hilmiyati-Mas’adah, Achmad Sudiro, Fatchur Rohman, Agung Yuniarinto, Dzikri Firmansyah Hakam & Herry Nugraha (2024) Switching from LPG to electricity in Indonesia: a study in the Java Bali grid, Cogent Business & Management, 11:1, 2298221, DOI: 10.1080/23311975.2023.2298221 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2298221 © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group Published online: 05 Feb 2024. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 1504 View related articles View Crossmark data Citing articles: 3 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=oabm20 Marketing | research article Cogent Business & ManageMent 2024, VoL. 11, no. 1, 2298221 Switching from LPG to electricity in Indonesia: a study in the Java Bali grid hilda hilmiyati-Mas’adaha,b , achmad sudirob , Fatchur rohmanb , agung Yuniarintob, Dzikri Firmansyah hakamc and herry nugrahaa aPt PLn (Persero), Jakarta, indonesia; bManagement science, Faculty of economics and Business, Brawijaya university, Malang, indonesia; cschool of Business Management itB, Bandung, indonesia ABSTRACT technology innovations shift toward using cleaner and more convenient prime energy and energy converter appliances. it has driven some lower-middle-income countries to switch from fossil fuels to electricity. however, indonesians don’t feel the urgency to switch from liquified petroleum gas (lPg)-fueled cookware to electricity. this study aims to: (1) explore usefulness (Use), ease of use (eOU), and time-oriented convenience (tOc) as antecedents of functional value (FUnc), recognition value (recV), emotional value (eMOV), and epistemic value (ePiV); (2) examine the moderating effect of conditional value (cODV) on the intention to switch cooking energy (int). a cross-sectional study gathered 290 valid questionnaires from households in Jakarta and other provincial capitals in Java. the Pls-seM approach was applied to examine hypotheses and analyze gender, age, and region segmentation. the results reveal the impact of both Use and tOc on FUnc, recV, and eMOV. Moreover, eOU and tOc positively influence ePiV. the linear relationship between Use and ePiV and between recV and int is insignificant. however, a quadratic relationship exists. this study shows that conditional value moderates the relationship between emotional value and switching intention. additionally, gender has an impact on the influence of eOU and tOc on ePiV, indicating the presence of heterogeneity. these findings contribute to conceptual advancement in behavior science by integrating taM, tcV, and VaM. Furthermore, it illuminates relationships between Use, eOU, tOc, consumption values, and intention. in addition, it gives professionals in the consumer electronics industry greater confidence in developing product appeal, segmenting products, and creating persuasive promotions. IMPACT STATEMENT in recent decades, electricity has become increasingly important as a driving force for societal economic growth and the advancement of prosperity through the enjoyment of life. switching to electric kitchen appliances is an enormous challenge for the indonesian government, as most people rely on lPg for cooking energy. We investigate the attractiveness of induction stoves to people using lPg with a power capacity of 1300 Va or higher in the Java-Bali grid. specifically, we examine how usefulness, ease of use, and time-oriented convenience influence multidimensional consumption values (functional, recognition, emotional, and epistemic) and switching intentions controlled by conditional value. Practitioners are encouraged to focus more on product appeal characteristics and gender concerns when designing products and advertising strategies to increase market switching intention. 1. Introduction it is crucial to win customers’ loyalty by comprehending consumer behavior at every decision-making stage—before, during, and after consumption. the migration theory is frequently to analyze switching behavior in marketing phenomena (cheng et al., 2019), (chang & chen, 2014) is frequently applied. the theory suggests that moving to a new place is prompted by discomfort in the place of origin as a push © 2024 the author(s). Published by informa uK Limited, trading as taylor & Francis group CONTACT Hilda Hilmiyati-Mas’adah [email protected].ac.id Faculty of economics and Business, Brawijaya university, Dr. saharjo street no. 313, Jakarta 12960, indonesia. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2298221 this is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. the terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent. ARTICLE HISTORY received 27 april 2023 revised 1 October 2023 accepted 11 December 2023 KEYWORDS switching intention; consumption value; household energy; VaM SUBJECTS Power & energy; asian studies; consumer Psychology; statistics for social science; sociology; Urban studies; Urban cultures REVIEWING EDITOR kaouther kooli, Bournemouth University, United kingdom 2 hilMiYati-Mas’aDah et al. factor and the attractiveness of the destination as a pull factor (Zeng et al., 2021). implementing the energy transition, particularly household energy, poses challenges for developing countries. the government implements various economic strategies and incentives to lower switching barriers. reducing the current energy supply has been proven effective in driving the conversion process (Budya & Yasir arofat, 2011) (Figure 1). lPg-fueled stoves are extensively used in indonesian households for daily cooking (Budya & Yasir arofat, 2011). indonesia is one of the developing countries that has unbalanced domestic lPg supplies. according to indonesia’s Ministry of energy and Mineral resources (2020), lPg imports are expected to increase by over 80% to meet rising domestic demand, as illustrated in Figure 2. nevertheless, there has been a rise in household customer demand for increased installed power capacity since 2017 (hilmiyati-Mas’adah et al., 2023). the program to convert one million lPg stoves to induction stoves is expected to lower lPg imports by 136.8 thousand tons annually, cut lPg subsidies by 778.7 billion iDr annually, and save Us$59.9 million per year (Pln, 2022). Moreover, due to the overwhelming presence of subsidized competing products in the market, it becomes challenging to gauge the impact of induction stoves’ attractiveness on perceived value and subsequent consumer behavior. an induction stove is mostly selected after comparing its suitability, quality, price, and type because consumers are hesitant and concerned about the quality and performance of white goods purchasing decisions. therefore, the availability of references and information on the usage and benefits of induction stoves becomes a crucial factor for consumers in their decision-making process (noverita & Mussry, 2020). to be chosen as an alternative energy converter, it may be more effective to highlight the induction stove’s similarity to the current product, lPg stoves Figure 1. subsidized LPg for poor households. source: (Directorate general of oil & gas, 2023), (Central agency on statistics, 2023) Figure 2. LPg import-demand ratio. source: (indonesia Ministry of energy & Mineral Resources, 2020) cOgent BUsiness & ManageMent 3 (arens & hamilton, 2018). this study would assist in an empirical analysis of consumers’ perceptions and intentions regarding an induction stove as a substitute in Jakarta and three major cities in the Java-Bali grid. recently, marketers realized that selling products or services by pursuing potential customers is about building perception in customers’ minds. Perceived value is often used to predict a consumer’s decision to act. it is a determinant factor of adoption intention in the Value-based adoption Model (VaM) framework (hsu & lin, 2018; talawanich & au, 2020; Vishwakarma et al., 2020), satisfaction (Diniso & Duh, 2021; Mosavi, 2018) or loyalty (Diniso & Duh, 2021). the theory of consumption value (tcV) explains consumption choices from a value standpoint (gonçalves etal., 2016). it has been the subject of several studies, including digital marketing (talwar et al., 2020), green products (Zailani et al., 2019), hospitality (Wei et al., 2017), and higher education (rivera et al., 2018). in addition, recent studies have examined specific values (talwar et al., 2020; Yoo et al., 2013) or all dimensions of tcV (awuni & Du, 2016; candan & Yıldırım, 2013) to align with the research context. some studies provide inconsistent evidence regarding the impact of consumption values on intention, such as functional value (Yoo et al., 2013), (awuni & Du, 2016), recognition value (Yoo et al., 2013), (Zailani et al., 2019), (kuswandi, 2023), emotional value (kuswandi, 2023), and epistemic value (awuni & Du, 2016). two main beliefs of the technology acceptance Model (taM) regarding new product acceptance, usefulness (chu & lu, 2007; hsu & lin, 2018; sohn & kwon, 2020), and ease of use (Vishwakarma et al., 2020) significantly impact perceived value. People living in urban areas perceive time as a scarce resource compared to those in rural areas. this leads to a change in the standard of convenience. consequently, time-oriented convenience affects product value perceptions (shahijan et al., 2018; Wong, 2021). the significance, however, is not consistent in the contexts of e-commerce usefulness (chen etal., 2018), ease of use of online music purchasing (chu & lu, 2007), airline mobile apps (talawanich & au, 2020), service convenience (Wong, 2021), and time convenience in a long queue (kremer & Debo, 2015). assessing these research gaps empirically is challenging. Despite the importance of consumption values in understanding consumer behavior, we are aware of only a few empirical studies examining household cooking energy. this study proposes a framework for predicting lPg consumers’ intentions to switch to electricity as their cooking energy. First, this study combines tcV and VaM by exploring four dimensions of consumption value, namely functional, recognition, emotional, and epistemic, in constructing perceived value. although identifying consumption values is important for understanding consumer behavior, there are few empirical studies examining household cooking energy. second, VaM is enhanced by integrating time-oriented convenience and taM’s key beliefs—usefulness and ease of use—into the VaM framework that influences functional, recognition, emotional, and epistemic value. third, later, we evaluate the impact of the four consumption values on the intention to change cooking energy. additionally, the study investigates the impact of conditional value on moderating the intention to switch. the findings will provide some insight into understanding the influential and extrinsic motives that customers take into consideration. the study contributes to business stakeholders by allowing electronic household manufacturers to develop segmented products and marketing strategies that enhance product acceptance. therefore, the main objectives of this study are: (1) to identify the product’s benefits (usefulness, ease of use, and time-oriented convenience) that influence functional, emotional, recognition, and epistemic values; (2) to investigate the impact of determinant values on intention to switch household cooking energy; and (3) to examine the moderating effect of conditional value on intention to switch household cooking energy. Furthermore, to increase confidence in the model’s robustness, the proposed model was also evaluated on non-linear correlation and observed segmentation. accordingly, this research is organized as follows: this current section briefly introduces the research problem and objectives. the second section discusses the literature review and hypotheses development. the third section describes the research methodology, and the fourth section presents the results related to the objectives; the fifth section provides a discussion of the results and their implications and limitations to be considered for future research; and finally, the last section offers conclusions. 4 hilMiYati-Mas’aDah et al. 2. Literature review and hypotheses 2.1. Product’s benefit and consumption values Value as experience is the result of the interpretation of one’s own and others’ experiences and future dreams, which is influenced by the interactive exchange of information about intrapersonal and interpersonal values (helkkula et al., 2012). assessing value is subjective and constantly changing, so the value is unique and influenced by beneficiaries (Vargo & lusch, 2008). in the context of electricity consumption, an electronic user is the main actor in the value co-creation process to integrate the value proposed by the manufacturers of electrical household appliances and the power-generating companies. generating companies deliver value in terms of reliability and availability. energy converter manufacturers offer comfort, less effort, or convenience in supporting daily activities, as well as other benefits related to electric household appliances. the Value-based adoption Model framework measures perceived value as a trade-off of benefit (usefulness, enjoyment) and sacrifice (technicality, perceived fee) to accept alternative products, which played a significant role in the decision to use personal goods (kim & choi, 2017). two main beliefs of the technology acceptance Model (taM) regarding new product acceptance—perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use—are considered relevant benefits for this topic. the term ‘usefulness’ refers to the degree of acceptance based on a subjective assessment (Davis, 1989) of the induction stove that would improve performance, including speed, results, productivity, effectiveness, and smoothness of activities, and reduce post-processing activities such as washing utensils, pans, and so on. it is an extrinsic motivation that pursues the customer’s decision process to obtain benefits (lee etal., 2005) and significantly affects perceived value (liao etal., 2022). Perceived usefulness shows different effects by gender and age (Venkatesh et al., 2003). compared to perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness is more powerful to influence intention directly (racero et al., 2020) or indirectly (lee et al., 2005; liao et al., 2022) across usage periods (Venkatesh et al., 2003). in the context of using an induction stove as a substitute for an lPg-fueled stove, electric cookware manufacturers offer usefulness as a benefit, including improved performance, speeded-up performance, increased work results, productivity, and effectiveness, and reduced cleaning work (Davis, 1989). ease of use is the degree to which the individual perceives the induction stove’s operating procedures and interactions as easy to learn and control (Davis, 1989). it shares similarities with variables in other theories, namely effort expectancy in UtaUt (Venkatesh etal., 2003), the opposite meaning of complexity in MPcU (thompson et al., 1991), or technicality in VaM (kim & choi, 2017). ease of use acts as a gateway for innovation’s acceptance. For instance, ease of use was a determining factor for indonesians in adopting gas stoves in 2007 (Budya & Yasir arofat, 2011) and has consistently been an influential factor in converting to induction stove usage (noverita & Mussry, 2020). emerson defines "quality of life" as "the fulfillment of values, goals, and individual needs through the actualization of abilities or lifestyles" (Felce & Perry, 1995). Flanagan (1978) asserts that convenience, both physical and material well-being, is one of the material comforts impacting one’s quality of life. "Use dimension" is a concept of convenience derived from the practical side of use and influenced by technological advancement (Brown, 1990). convenience emphasizes time-saving for consumers as a benefit of using products or services (shahijan et al., 2018) while ease of use refers to the time duration spent studying or mastering new technologies or systems (abbad, 2021). innovation can assist in lowering the time and effort that users spend on specific activities (hoyer et al., 2012:420). as a result, this changing behavior establishes a new standard of comfort. Due to lifestyle changes in urban areas, there are higher expectations for the fulfillment of comfort from products and services. thus, marketing strategies should consider these changing comfort standards. For instance, promotional advertising content illustrates advantages in saving time (gross & sheth, 1989) or offers new convenience values (shahijan et al., 2018). in research on energy conversion processes for households from kerosene to lPg in indonesia, one of the reasons users are willing to convert is because of the superiority of lPg in terms of cooking duration (Budya & Yasir arofat, 2011). time-oriented convenience in this study refers to six categories of gross and sheth (1989): fast to use, save time, busy situation, specified time amount, double use of time, and escape a time-oriented lifestyle. cOgent BUsiness & ManageMent 5 this study explores the multidimensionality of consumption values of tcV in constructing the perceived value of the VaM framework (ghazali & Mutum, 2020). the theory of consumption value distinguishes functional, social, emotional, epistemic, and conditional values that are perceived by individuals to drive consumption decisions (gonçalves et al., 2016; Jamrozy & lawonk, 2017). subjectivity colors the composition of consumption values when the decision to consume is made. the functional value appears on the attribute profile of an induction stove and is derived from prominent characteristics or performance. Product reliability and durability are considered to provide quality guarantees and economical operational costs equal to the benefits received (Zailani et al., 2019). emotional value is measured by the condition of the feelings and affection generated. this value is obtained from the ability to arouse, trigger, or perpetuate associated feelings, such as emotions of joy, comfort, cheerfulness, sadness, boredom, calmness, nervousness, and fear (Mutum et al., 2021). For example, support for energy-saving campaigns, environmental preservation, and national patriotism. these actions evoke feelings of moral pride. the term "recognition value" refers to the social recognition defined by the personal image constructed from the responses of various social groups. Opinions are formed because of positive or negative stereotypes held by a specific demographic, social status, culture, or ethnic group (Zailani et al., 2019). When compared to lPg-fueled stoves, using an induction stove improves the user’s self-image and recognition in the social community. epistemic value is based on the ability to arouse curiosity, create novelty, or try something new. the latest technological innovation embedded in a new product arouses someone’s curiosity to try it (Mutum et al., 2021). cooking with no real flame to monitor is still uncommon for indonesians, and it might be significant in influencing switching intentions. VaM-based research makes it evident that antecedent factors categorized as benefits have a positive impact on perceived value (hsu & lin, 2018; liao et al., 2022). Determinant benefits that have an impact on perceived value are usefulness (lian, 2020; sohn & kwon, 2020; Vishwakarma et al., 2020) and ease of use, which is the opposite meaning of technicality (Vishwakarma etal., 2020). Meanwhile, recent research focused on service convenience as a benefit that influences perceived value (Pham et al., 2018; Wong, 2021). this study is one of few that examines the impact of usefulness, ease of use, and time-oriented convenience on each dimension of consumption value. consequently, this study tests the hypotheses as follows: h1a. Usefulness has a significant effect on functional value. h1b. Usefulness has a significant effect on recognition value. h1c. Usefulness has a significant effect on emotional value. h1d. Usefulness has a significant effect on epistemic value. h2a. ease of use has a significant effect on functional value. h2b. ease of use has a significant effect on recognition value. h2c. ease of use has a significant effect on emotional value. h2d. ease of use has a significant effect on epistemic value. h3a. time-oriented convenience has a significant effect on functional value. h3b. time-oriented convenience has a significant effect on recognition value. h3c. time-oriented convenience has a significant effect on emotional value. h3d. time-oriented convenience has a significant effect on epistemic value. 2.2. Consumption values and intention to switch in this study, the intention to switch from lPg to electricity as cooking energy by using an induction stove is applied to measure the impact of its attractiveness on consumption value. switching to 6 hilMiYati-Mas’aDah et al. alternative cooking energy could be a complete or partial conversion; thus, intentions are determined by decreasing current product usage, increasing alternative product consumption, and committing to switching action (chang & chen, 2014; Wu et al., 2017). recent research indicates various compositions of tcV as significant driving factors of behavioral intention. Functional and social values of mobile instant messaging apps influence usage intention (Dhir et al., 2020). Functional, emotional, and social values were found to have significant influences on the intention to use the sOlOMO service (Yang & lin, 2017). emotional and epistemic values were confirmed as important factors for the purchase intention of the bamboo product (Yoo et al., 2013). adoption intention for green products was affected by all values of tcV (ali etal., 2019). conditional value, together with the functional, emotional, and epistemic value of biofuels, were significant values to encourage a willingness to pay a higher price (Zailani et al., 2019). On the contrary, the impact of each value of tcV was inconsistent in other empirical studies, for instance, the functional and social values on intention to purchase (Yoo et al., 2013), the social value of willingness to pay (Zailani et al., 2019), functional, conditional, and epistemic values of young customers on green purchase intention (awuni & Du, 2016). as a result, the researchers put forward 4 hypotheses. h4. Functional value has a significant effect on the intention to switch. h5. recognition value has a significant effect on the intention to switch. h6. emotional value has a significant effect on the intention to switch. h7. epistemic value has a significant effect on the intention to switch. 2.3. The moderating role of conditional value consumers are confronted with conditional value in times of urgency, emergency, special occasions, or stimulus. in the uncertainty of the incumbent product’s availability, the benefits of an alternative product can encourage functional value, social value, and even emotional value under normal circumstances (Zailani et al., 2019). When lPg is scarce, for example, the functional, social, and emotional value of an induction stove has a greater impact on switching intentions than when lPg is widely available. thus, conditional value is predicted to have a moderating effect on the impact of functional, recognition, and emotional values on behavioral outcomes (sweeney & soutar, 2001). this study, therefore, proposed hypotheses that: h8a. conditional value moderates the influence of functional value on the intention to switch. h8b. conditional value moderates the influence of recognition value on the intention to switch. h8c. conditional value moderates the influence of emotional value on the intention to switch. 3. Methodology Based on the literature reviews, this study proposes a conceptual research framework to demonstrate the effect of an induction stove’s attractiveness (usefulness, ease of use, and time-oriented convenience) and consumption values (functional, recognition, emotional, and epistemic values) on switching intention, with conditional value as a moderator. 3.1. Measures the proposed hypotheses were verified by an empirical study. We considered the measurement of previous literature and adapted it to suit the topic. to measure usefulness and ease of use, we used the scale of the technology acceptance Model (Davis et al., 1989). the convenience of an induction stove was inspired by time-oriented advertising content categories (gross & sheth, 1989) and transformed into six indicators (hilmiyati-Mas’adah et al., 2023). to measure functional value, recognition value, and cOgent BUsiness & ManageMent 7 conditional value, we adapted items previously used by Zailani et al. (2019). We applied items for measuring emotional value and epistemic value proposed by Mutum et al. (2021). Questions related to the intention to switch were adapted from Wu et al. (2017) and chang and chen (2014) and modified to fit the topic. all 38 indicators were reflectively measured using a five-point likert scale (appendix a). the questionnaire was developed for the indonesian version, including information about energy consumption characteristics and respondents’ socio-demographics. 3.2. Sampling and data collection in this research, a pilot test was conducted to validate the survey instrument after three users of the induction stove reviewed the questionnaire items on the pre-test. the primary survey was rolled out from January to March 2022 after revising the wording and format of the questionnaire, gathering a total of 290 valid responses, which is above the minimum sample size of 60 of the 10-times rule method (hair et al., 2017, 2011). a cross-sectional survey was carried out among households that use lPg for their daily cooking energy and utilize electricity at a minimum of 1300 Va. it applied a purposive and non-probability sampling method targeting people in and outside of Jakarta (i.e., Bandung, Yogyakarta, and surabaya). selected respondents were interviewed to get further information about the items of the questionnaire. Descriptive information about the respondents is shown in appendix B, table B1. 4. Analysis and findings this study applied smartPls version 3.2.9 (ringle et al., 2015) to verify the proposed model and hypotheses via partial least squares structural equation modeling (Pls-seM). confirmatory composite analysis was applied (hair et al., 2020) before inspecting the hypotheses to ensure the convergent validity and discriminant validity of indicators. advanced analyses were applied, including predictive power and linearity tests. to deeply understand customer preferences, segmentation analysis by gender (female vs. male), location (Jakarta vs. other cities), and age (under 45 vs. 45 or above) enrich the findings. 4.1. Measurement model assessment the measurement model was assessed by utilizing smartPls according to four criteria: (a) indicator reliability; (b) internal consistency reliability; (c) convergent validity; and (d) discriminant validity (hair et al., 2021); convergent validity, indicator reliability, discriminant validity, and composite reliability (Benitez et al., 2020). 1. indicator reliability relates to how much variance in each indicator can be explained by the construct, including convergent validity and discriminant validity testing. convergent validity is measured by the outer loading value of each indicator, and discriminant validity is measured by the cross-loading value between indicators (hair etal., 2021). smartPls estimates that none of the outer loadings are less than 0.708 (loading: 0.745–0.949) and that the cross-loading of indicators is greater than that of other constructs. the results as shown in appendix c, table c1, indicate that all 38 indicators are valid. 2. internal consistency reliability is measured by the parameters mentioned in appendix a. the internal indicator reliability proposed by Dijkstra-henseler (ρa) lies between the extreme values of cronbach’s alpha with no indicator’s weight and composite reliability (ρc) which considers the weight of each indicator (hair et al., 2019). the results show that the composite reliability of three constructs, as shown in appendix c, table c2, is above 0.95 but the ρa less than 0.95 (intention to switch ρc = 0.951; ρa=0.939; ease of use ρc = 0.959; ρa=0.947 and emotional values ρc = 0.958; ρa=0.934). thus, redundancy is not an issue in each construct (hair et al., 2019). 3. convergent validity was examined with aVe. table c2 in appendix c shows that all constructs were valid because their aVe was above the threshold of 0.5. 14 hilMiYati-Mas’aDah et al. ali, s., Danish, M., khuwaja, F. M., sajjad, M. s., & Zahid, h. (2019). the intention to adopt green it products in Pakistan: Driven by the modified theory of consumption values. Environments – MDPI, 6(5), 53. https://doi. org/10.3390/environments6050053 arens, Z. g., & hamilton, r. W. (2018). the substitution strategy dilemma: substitute selection versus substitute effectiveness. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 46(1):130–146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-017-0549-2 awuni, J. a., & Du, J. (2016). sustainable consumption in chinese cities: green purchasing intentions of young adults based on the theory of consumption values. Sustainable Development, 24(2), 124–135. https://doi.org/10.1002/ sd.1613 Becker, J. M., ringle, c. M., sarstedt, M., & Völckner, F. (2015). how collinearity affects mixture regression results. Marketing Letters 26(4), 643–659. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-014-9299-9 Benitez, J., henseler, J., castillo, a., & schuberth, F. (2020). how to perform and report an impactful analysis using partial least squares: guidelines for confirmatory and explanatory is research. Information & Management 57(2), 103168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2019.05.003 Brown, l. g. (1990). convenience in services marketing. Journal of Services Marketing 4(1), 53–59. https://doi. org/10.1108/eUM0000000002505 Buabeng-andoh, c., & Baah, c. (2020). Pre-service teachers’ intention to use learning management system : an integration of UtaUt and taM. Interactive Technology and Smart Education 17(4), 455–474. https://doi.org/10.1108/ itse-02-2020-0028 Budya, h., & Yasir arofat, M. (2011). Providing cleaner energy access in indonesia through the Megaproject of kerosene conversion to lPg. Energy Policy 39(12), 7575–7586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.02.061 candan, B., & s. Yıldırım. (2013). Investigating the relationship between consumption values and personal values of green product buyers 2(12), 29–40. central agency on statistics. (2023). Number of poor people. Www.Bps.go.id. retrieved July 28, 2023, from https:// www.bps.go.id/site/resulttab chang, c.-c. l., & chen, k. (2014). the push, pull and mooring effects in virtual migration for social networking sites. Information Systems Journal 24(4), 323–346. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12030 chen, k.-l. h., & Wu, s.-J. (2018). Purchase intention in social commerce: an empirical examination of perceived value and social awareness. Library Hi Tech 36(4), 583–604. https://doi.org/10.1108/lht-01-2018-0007 cheng, s., lee, s.-J., &choi, B. (2019). an empirical investigation of users’ voluntary switching intention for mobile personal cloud storage services based on the push-pull-mooring framework. Computers in Human Behavior 92:198– 215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.10.035 chu, c. W., & lu, h. P. (2007). Factors influencing online music purchase intention in taiwan: an empirical study based on the value-intention framework. Internet Research 17(2), 139–155. https://doi. org/10.1108/10662240710737004 Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly 13(3), 319–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008 Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, r. P., & Warshaw, P. r. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: a comparison of two theoretical models. Management Science 35(8), 982–1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982 Dhir, a., kaur, P., & rajala, r. (2020). continued use of mobile instant messaging apps: a new perspective on theories of consumption, flow, and planned behavior. Social Science Computer Review 38(2), 147–169. https://doi. org/10.1177/0894439318806853 Diniso, c., & Duh, h. i. (2021). explaining generation Y south africans’ love and satisfaction with samsung phone brand using consumption value theory. Journal of African Business 22(4), 564–577. https://doi.org/10.1080/152289 16.2020.1838832 Directorate general of Oil and gas. (2023). Performance Report 2022. Jakarta. Felce, D., & Perry, J. (1995). Quality of life: its definition and measurement. Research in Developmental Disabilities 16(1), 51–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-4222(94)00028-8 Flanagan, J. c. (1978). a research approach to improving our quality of life. American Psychologist 33(2), 138–147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.33.2.138 ghazali, e. Y.-l. n., & Mutum, D. s. (2020). elucidating the drivers of residential mobility and housing choice behaviour in a suburban township via push–pull–mooring framework. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 35(2), 633–659. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-019-09705-8 gonçalves, h. M., lourenço, t. F., & silva, g. M. (2016). green buying behavior and the theory of consumption values: a fuzzy-set approach. Journal of Business Research 69(4), 1484–1491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.10.129 gross, B. l., & sheth, J. n. (1989). time-oriented advertising: a content analysis of United states magazine advertising, 1890–1988. Journal of Marketing 53(4), 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298905300406 hair, J. F., howard, M. c., & nitzl, c. (2020). assessing measurement model quality in Pls-seM using confirmatory composite analysis. Journal of Business Research 109(august 2019), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.069 hair, J. F., hult, g. t. M., ringle, c. M., sarstedt, M., Danks, n. P., & ray, s. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. springer. hair, J. F., risher, J. J., sarstedt, M., & ringle, c. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of Pls-seM. European Business Review 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/eBr-11-2018-0203 cOgent BUsiness & ManageMent 15 hair, J. F., l. M. Matthews, r. l. Matthews, & M. sarstedt. (2017). Pls-seM or cB-seM: Updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis 1(2), 107. https://doi.org/10.1504/iJMDa.2017.087624 hair, J. F., ringle, c. M., & sarstedt, M. (2011). Pls-seM: indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice 19(2), 139–151. https://doi.org/10.2753/MtP1069-6679190202 helkkula, a., kelleher, c. & Pihlström, M. (2012). characterizing value as an experience: implications for service researchers and managers. Journal of Service Research 15(1), 59–75. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670511426897 hilmiyati-Mas’adah, h., sudiro, a., rohman, F., Yuniarinto, a., hakam, D. F., & nugraha, h. (2023). assessing the impact of urban lifestyle and consumption values on conversion intention: a study towards energy sustainability. Sustainability 15(8), 6549. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086549 hoyer, W. D., Macinnis, D. J. , & Pieters, r. (2012). Consumer behavior (6th ed.). cengage learning. hsu, c.-l., & J. c.-c. lin. (2018). exploring factors affecting the adoption of internet of things services. Journal of Computer Information Systems 58(1), 49–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2016.1186524 indonesia Ministry of energy and Mineral resources. (2020). Strategic planning ministry of energy and mineral resources 2020-2024 (Vol. 16). Jakarta. Jamrozy, U., & k. lawonk. (2017). the multiple dimensions of consumption values in ecotourism. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 11(1), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.1108/iJcthr-09-2015-0114 kim, Y. P., & choi, J. (2017). a study on the adoption of iOt smart home service: Using value-based adoption model. Total Quality Management and Business Excellence 28(9–10), 1149–1165. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2017.1310708 kremer, M., & l. Debo. (2015). inferring quality from wait time. Management Science62(10), 1–16. https://doi. org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2264 kuswandi, i. r. (2023). international Journal of social science research and review determinants of purchase intention on the marketplace. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 6(3), 108–115. https://doi. org/10.47814/ijssrr.v6i3.956 lee, M. k. O., cheung, c. M. k., & chen, Z. (2005). acceptance of internet-based learning medium: the role of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Information and Management 42(8), 1095–1104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. im.2003.10.007 lian, J.-W. (2020). Understanding cloud-based BYOD information security protection behaviour in smart business: in perspective of perceived value. Enterprise Information Systems 15(9), 1216–1237. https://doi.org/10.1080/17517575. 2020.1791966 liao, Y. k., Wu, W. Y., le, t. Q., & Phung, t. t. t. (2022). the integration of the technology acceptance model and value-based adoption model to study the adoption of e-learning: the moderating role of e-WOM. Sustainability (Switzerland) 14(2), 815. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020815 lin, t.-c. c., Wu, s., chieh hsu, J. s.-c., & ching chou, Y.-c. (2012). the integration of value-based adoption and expectation–confirmation models: an example of iPtV continuance intention. Decision Support Systems 54(1), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2012.04.004 Mosavi, s. (2018). an integrative framework for customer switching behavior. Service Industries Journal 38(15), 1067– 1094. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2018.1428955 Mutum, D. s., ghazali, e. M., & Wei‐Pin, W. (2021). Parallel mediation effect of consumption values and the moderation effect of innovativeness, in predicting the influence of identity on green purchasing behavior. Journal of Consumer Behaviour 20(3), 827–844. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1913 noverita, r., & Mussry, J. s. (2020). Proposed Pt Pln (Persero) marketing capability to realize induction stove as a preferable option for lPg substitution and electrifying lifestyle growth. in Proceedings of the international conference on Business and Management research (icBMr 2020) (Vol. 160, pp. 36–44). atlantis Press. https://doi. org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201222.006 Pham, Q. t., tran, X. P., Misra, s., Maskeliunas, r., & Damaševičius, r. (2018). relationship between convenience, perceived value, and repurchase intention in online shopping in Vietnam. Sustainability (Switzerland) 10(1), 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10010156 Pln. (2022). Akselerasi Penggunaan Kompor Induksi Sebagai Upaya Pengalihan Energi Berbasis Impor Menjadi Energi Berbasis Domestik Menuju Kemandirian Energi Nasional. Jakarta. racero, F. J., Bueno, s., & gallego, M. D. (2020). Predicting students’ behavioral intention to use open source software: a combined view of the technology acceptance model and self-determination theory. Applied Sciences (Switzerland) 10(8), 2711. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10082711 ringle, c. M., s. Wende, & J. M. Becker. (2015). SmartPLS 3 [computer software]. Bönningstedt: smartPls. retrieved from 7 https://www. smartpls.com. rivera, M. a., Murphy, k. s., & khalilzadeh, J. (2018). globalization of workforce: Pls approach to higher-order value construct in a study abroad context. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology 9(3), 314–337. https://doi. org/10.1108/Jhtt-10-2017-0114. shahijan, M. k., rezaei, s., & amin, M. (2018). Qualities of effective cruise marketing strategy: cruisers’ experience, service convenience, values, satisfaction and revisit intention. International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management 35(10), 2304–2327. https://doi.org/10.1108/iJQrM-07-2017-0135 sohn, k., & kwon, O. (2020). technology acceptance theories and factors influencing artificial intelligence-based intelligent products. Telematics and Informatics 47:101324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2019.101324 16 hilMiYati-Mas’aDah et al. sweeney, J. c., & soutar, g. n. (2001). customer perceived value: the development of a multiple item scale. Journal of Retailing 77, 203–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4359(01)00041-0 talawanich, s., & au, n. (2020). sacrifice elements in intention to adopt airline crisis communication with mobile apps. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration 23(3), 478-516. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480. 2020.1805087 talwar, s., Dhir, a., kaur, P., & Mäntymäki, M. (2020). Why do people purchase from online travel agencies (Otas)? a consumption values perspective. International Journal of Hospitality Management 88(september 2019), 102534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102534 tanrikulu, c. (2021). theory of consumption values in consumer behaviour research: a review and future research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies 45(6), 1176–1197. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12687 thompson, r. l., higgins, c. a., & howell, J. M. (1991). Personal computing: toward a conceptual model of utilization. MIS Quarterly 15(1), 125. https://doi.org/10.2307/249443 Vargo, s. l., & lusch, r. F. (2008). service-dominant logic: continuing the evolution. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 36(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-007-0069-6 Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. g., Davis, g. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly 27(3), 425–478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540 Vishwakarma, P., Mukherjee, s., & Datta, B. (2020). travelers’ intention to adopt virtual reality: a consumer value perspective. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 17:100456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100456 Wei, W., torres, e. n., & hua, n. (2017). the power of self-service technologies in creating transcendent service experiences: the paradox of extrinsic attributes. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29(6), 1599–1618. https://doi.org/10.1108/iJchM-01-2016-0029 Wong, a. (2021). consumer Perceptions of service convenience in hedonic and Utilitarian retail settings in china. Journal of International Consumer Marketing 33(4), 452–470. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2020.1816866 Wu, k., Vassileva, J., & Zhao, Y. (2017). Understanding users’ intention to switch personal cloud storage services: evidence from the chinese market. Computers in Human Behavior 68(68), 300–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. chb.2016.11.039 Yang, h. l., & lin, r. X. (2017). Determinants of the intention to continue use of soloMo services: consumption values and the moderating effects of overloads. Computers in Human Behavior 73:583–595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. chb.2017.04.018 Yoo, J. J., Divita, l., & kim, h. Y. (2013). environmental awareness on bamboo product purchase intentions: Do consumption values impact green consumption? International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education 6(1), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/17543266.2012.758318 Zailani, s., iranmanesh, M., sean hyun, s., & ali, M. (2019). applying the theory of consumption values to explain drivers’ willingness to pay for biofuels. Sustainability 11(3), 668. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030668 Zeng, Z., li, s., lian, J. W., li, J., chen, t., & li, Y. (2021). switching behavior in the adoption of a land information system in china: a perspective of the push–pull–mooring framework. Land Use Policy 109(March 2020), 105629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105629 cOgent BUsiness & ManageMent 17 Appendices appendix a. the construct’s indicators Usefulness x1.1:Using an induction stove would enable me to accomplish my cooking more quickly x1.2:Using an induction stove would improve my cooking performance x1.3:Using an induction stove would increase my cooking productivity x1.4:Using an induction stove would enhance my cooking effectiveness x1.5:Using an induction stove would make it easier to do my cooking activity x1.6:i would find an induction stove useful in my cooking activity ease of use x2.1:learning to operate an induction stove would be easy for me x2.2:i would find it easy to get an induction stove to do what i want it to do x2.3:My interaction with the induction stove would be clear and understandable x2.4:i would find an induction stove to be flexible to interact with time-oriented convenience x3.1:the induction stove is fast to use x3.2:an induction stove is a means of saving time x3.3:i’m busy and regard time as scarce/valuable x3.4:the amount of time required to use an induction stove is specified x3.5: i can use an induction stove while doing other activities x3.6:induction stove gives me more time to relax Functional value z1.1:the foods prepared by an induction stove have consistent quality z1.2:the induction stove is durable z1.3:the use of an induction stove would save cooking cost z1.4:the induction stove is reasonably priced z1.5:the induction stove is a good kitchen appliance for the price. recognition value z2.1:Using an induction stove would improve the way that i am perceived z2.2:Using an induction stove would make a good impression on other people z2.3:Using an induction stove would help me to feel acceptable emotional value z3.1:Using an induction stove instead of an lPg-fueled stove would feel like the morally right thing to do z3.2:Using an induction stove instead of an lPg-fueled stove would make me feel like a better person z3.3:Using an induction stove instead of an lPg-fueled stove would feel like making a good personal contribution to something better conditional value z4.1:i would use an induction stove instead of an lPg-fueled stove if there were a subsidy for electricity bills z4.2:i would use an induction stove instead of an lPg-fueled stove when electric power is available all the time z4.3:i would use an induction stove instead of an lPg-fueled stove under lPg shortage conditions epistemic value z5.1:i like to search for the new different product information z5.2:i am willing to seek out novel information about the induction stove z5.3:i would prefer to gain substantial information about the makes and models of electric kitchen appliances before purchase intention to switch household cooking energy y1: i prefer to think of electricity as my primary source of cooking energy. y2: i’m thinking about boosting my electricity consumption as my cooking energy. y3: i’m thinking about reducing my lPg consumption as my cooking energy source. y4: i am determined to switch to use an induction stove y5: the chance of my switching to an induction stove is high 18 hilMiYati-Mas’aDah et al. Appendix B Descriptive statistics Table B1. Demographic and characteristics of respondents. Variable Count gender female 146 [50.34%] male 144 [49.66%] age 15–24 38 [13.1%] 25–34 48 [16.55%] 35–44 74 [25.52%] 45–54 83 [28.62%] 55–64 39 [13.45%] above 64 8 [2.76%] Household category 1300 Volt ampere (Va) 115 [39.66%] 2200 Volt ampere (Va) 112 [38.62%] 3500 Volt ampere (Va) 42 [14.48%] 4400 Volt ampere (Va) 9 [3.1%] 5500 Volt ampere (Va) and above 12 [4.14%] LPg consumption subsidized LPg (3kg cylinder) 100 [34.48%] non subsidized LPg 134 [46.21%] both 56 [19.31%] City Jakarta area 140 [48.28%] outside Jakarta (other big cities: Bandung, Yogyakarta, surabaya) 150 [51.72%] exposure level partially use an induction stove for cooking 55 [18.97%] never use an induction stove for cooking 235 [81.03%] employment Full-time employee in the office/ factory 129 [44.48%] students, college students 31 [10.69%] Full-time employee work from home 43 [14.83%] entrepreneur 27 [9.31%] not working on purpose (i.e., taking care of the house) 22 [7.59%] retired 18 [6.21%] others 20 [6.9%] education level high school 51 [17.59%] bachelor 40 [13.79%] graduate 134 [46.21%] postgraduate 65 [22.41%] Household/life situation single and live alone 10 [3.45%] single and living with parents/ friends 50 [17.24%] partner without children 25 [8.62%] couple with children 198 [68.28%] others (prefer not to answer) 7 [2.41%] cOgent BUsiness & ManageMent 19 Table B2. Means and standard deviation of constructs’ indicators. item Ref Mean sD Kurtosis skewness y.1 (Wu et al., 2017) 3.417 1.064 −0.697 −0.101 y.2 3.310 1.067 −0.614 −0.046 y.3 3.317 1.042 −0.539 0.052 y.4 3.207 1.056 −0.552 0.072 y.5 (Chang & Chen, 2014) 3.334 1.068 −0.642 −0.033 x1.1 (Davis, 1989) 3.379 1.051 −0.530 −0.090 x1.2 3.245 1.101 −0.470 −0.201 x1.3 3.348 1.040 −0.362 −0.201 x1.4 3.441 1.050 −0.432 −0.258 x1.5 3.700 1.032 −0.193 −0.546 x1.6 3.845 0.976 0.238 −0.715 x2.1 (Davis, 1989) 4.021 0.958 0.406 −0.871 x2.2 4.007 0.928 0.496 −0.819 x2.3 4.034 0.894 0.810 −0.854 x2.4 3.938 0.904 −0.251 −0.525 x3.1 (gross & sheth, 1989; Hilmiyati-Mas’adah et al., 2023) 3.976 0.896 −0.699 −0.386 x3.2 3.734 0.930 −0.797 −0.147 x3.3 3.676 0.953 −0.620 −0.152 x3.4 3.762 0.911 −0.579 −0.199 x3.5 3.872 0.918 −0.432 −0.417 x3.6 3.717 0.930 −0.656 −0.158 z.11 (Zailani etal., 2019) 3.517 0.997 −0.274 −0.195 z.12 3.586 0.910 −0.579 0.004 z.13 3.276 1.079 −0.550 −0.121 z.14 3.317 1.035 −0.514 −0.066 z.15 3.690 0.961 −0.211 −0.350 z.21 (Zailani etal., 2019) 3.321 1.161 −0.585 −0.290 z.22 3.376 1.151 −0.582 −0.349 z.23 2.990 1.152 −0.592 0.020 z.31 (Mutum etal., 2021) 3.097 1.141 −0.540 −0.162 z.32 3.097 1.094 −0.497 −0.066 z.33 (Zailani etal., 2019) 3.334 1.041 −0.400 −0.207 z.41 (Zailani etal., 2019) 3.717 1.128 −0.577 −0.499 z.42 3.841 1.011 −0.591 −0.501 z.43 3.986 0.958 −0.063 −0.730 z.51 (Mutum etal., 2021) 3.886 0.938 −0.058 −0.577 z.52 3.831 0.959 −0.251 −0.505 z.53 (Zailani etal., 2019) 4.055 0.904 0.404 −0.784 20 hilMiYati-Mas’aDah et al. Table C3. Discriminant validity: Heterotrait-Monotrait. Construct use eou toC FunC ReCV eMoV CoDV ePiV use eou 0.515 toC 0.824 0.648 FunC 0.805 0.556 0.814 ReCV 0.591 0.405 0.567 0.664 eMoV 0.693 0.386 0.658 0.764 0.820 CoDV 0.431 0.504 0.477 0.640 0.519 0.555 ePiV 0.438 0.617 0.558 0.580 0.627 0.489 0.633 si 0.666 0.462 0.640 0.735 0.655 0.722 0.480 0.554 Appendix C Inferential statistics Table C1. Cross loading of indicators. iteMs si use eou toC FunC ReCV eMoV ePiV CoDV y.1 0.838 0.516 0.393 0.552 0.595 0.467 0.530 0.435 0.359 y.2 0.910 0.540 0.390 0.541 0.624 0.535 0.631 0.471 0.401 y.3 0.868 0.529 0.437 0.503 0.549 0.567 0.548 0.488 0.385 y.4 0.924 0.586 0.362 0.563 0.622 0.585 0.658 0.446 0.387 y.5 0.920 0.594 0.363 0.515 0.604 0.526 0.643 0.441 0.456 x1.1 0.460 0.779 0.325 0.546 0.553 0.377 0.467 0.234 0.237 x1.2 0.533 0.865 0.350 0.619 0.649 0.502 0.564 0.324 0.309 x1.3 0.581 0.913 0.427 0.641 0.669 0.482 0.573 0.352 0.342 x1.4 0.557 0.902 0.369 0.680 0.645 0.460 0.578 0.359 0.340 x1.5 0.558 0.855 0.502 0.757 0.659 0.465 0.569 0.393 0.368 x1.6 0.440 0.745 0.465 0.626 0.534 0.433 0.499 0.371 0.379 x2.1 0.359 0.367 0.911 0.489 0.411 0.303 0.271 0.517 0.412 x2.2 0.394 0.433 0.942 0.537 0.458 0.337 0.323 0.498 0.408 x2.3 0.437 0.460 0.949 0.600 0.505 0.385 0.372 0.573 0.442 x2.4 0.409 0.509 0.892 0.615 0.507 0.353 0.375 0.511 0.436 x3.1 0.482 0.568 0.686 0.800 0.609 0.406 0.490 0.477 0.467 x3.2 0.533 0.710 0.551 0.898 0.680 0.452 0.546 0.452 0.339 x3.3 0.492 0.696 0.458 0.887 0.640 0.441 0.523 0.386 0.312 x3.4 0.546 0.740 0.492 0.893 0.694 0.472 0.569 0.475 0.398 x3.5 0.533 0.643 0.524 0.838 0.620 0.437 0.523 0.447 0.371 x3.6 0.534 0.630 0.481 0.896 0.657 0.502 0.559 0.433 0.357 z.11 0.554 0.740 0.469 0.734 0.816 0.608 0.622 0.515 0.471 z.12 0.560 0.626 0.462 0.671 0.873 0.495 0.598 0.462 0.516 z.13 0.600 0.596 0.351 0.598 0.827 0.496 0.614 0.344 0.410 z.14 0.572 0.538 0.337 0.498 0.813 0.441 0.555 0.339 0.421 z.15 0.492 0.515 0.499 0.574 0.815 0.418 0.495 0.500 0.511 z.21 0.530 0.496 0.401 0.478 0.547 0.938 0.668 0.550 0.451 z.22 0.542 0.506 0.431 0.466 0.526 0.942 0.669 0.554 0.441 z.23 0.574 0.472 0.194 0.480 0.567 0.858 0.722 0.447 0.380 z.31 0.611 0.600 0.314 0.541 0.646 0.657 0.935 0.387 0.432 z.32 0.643 0.614 0.335 0.574 0.633 0.774 0.943 0.434 0.437 z.33 0.651 0.599 0.380 0.620 0.692 0.687 0.940 0.459 0.548 z.41 0.285 0.257 0.281 0.299 0.406 0.337 0.418 0.409 0.834 z.42 0.489 0.398 0.450 0.417 0.546 0.482 0.522 0.530 0.917 z.43 0.330 0.330 0.435 0.377 0.480 0.352 0.336 0.486 0.839 z.51 0.462 0.335 0.458 0.441 0.440 0.526 0.375 0.921 0.466 z.52 0.535 0.447 0.549 0.504 0.544 0.580 0.517 0.901 0.534 z.53 0.376 0.299 0.536 0.439 0.425 0.420 0.324 0.896 0.508 int: intention to switch cooking energy; use: usefulness; eou: ease of use; toC: time-oriented Convenience; FunC: Functional Value; ReCV: Recognition Value; eMoV: emotional Value; ePiV: epistemic value; CoDV: Conditional Value Table C2. Validity and reliability. Construct Cronbach’s alpha ρaComposite Reliability average Variance extracted (aVe) intention to switch cooking energy 0.936 0.939 0.951 0.797 usefulness 0.919 0.924 0.937 0.714 ease of use 0.943 0.947 0.959 0.854 time-oriented Convenience 0.935 0.937 0.949 0.756 Functional Value 0.886 0.890 0.916 0.687 Recognition Value 0.900 0.900 0.938 0.834 emotional Value 0.934 0.934 0.958 0.883 epistemic value 0.891 0.899 0.932 0.821 Conditional Value 0.835 0.912 0.898 0.747 cOgent BUsiness & ManageMent 21 Table C6. Predictive power of structural model indicators Q²_predict RMse PLs RMse LM RMse PLs-LM y.1 0.298 0.895 0.929 −0.034 y.2 0.310 0.889 0.920 −0.031 y.3 0.288 0.882 0.899 −0.017 y.4 0.327 0.870 0.893 −0.023 y.5 0.313 0.888 0.869 0.019 Table C5. Quadratic effects on unsupported linear correlation paths. Path Path coefficient (β) t statistics Quadratic effect result H1d: use → ePiV 0.139 3.005 significant (R2=0.390) H2a: eou → FunC −0.056 0.881 not significant H2b: eou → ReCV 0.073 0.876 not significant H2c: eou → eMoV −0.078 1.296 not significant H5: ReCV → int 0.108 2.110 significant (R2=0.579) notes: t-values test: 1.96 at sig level 5% Table C4. inner variance inflation factor (ViF) of structural model constructs. Constructs ViF usefulness 2.418 ease of use 1.593 time-oriented Convenience 2.955 Functional Value 2.317 Recognition Value 2.702 emotional Value 3.041 Conditional Value 1.735 epistemic value 1.824