Questionnaire on Opinions about climate change and the environment.

Dear Sir – Madam, The aim of this questionnaire is to find out and understand your opinions and perceptions of climate change when undertaking travel decisions as tourists and as citizens. This study is part of a large research project funded by the European Commission on the impacts of climate change on islands across Europe and the Caribbean. Your participation is anonymous, and the information shall be used exclusively for the purposes of the research undertaken. Please, take your time and read the questions carefully. Thank you very much for your time and cooperation. 1.- Have you visited any Mediterranean islands or North Atlantic islands (Canary Islands, Madeira, Azores or Antilles) in the last 5 years? 1. Yes 2. No 2.- Listed below are statements about the relationship between humans and the environment. Which is your opinion about them? Please, consider the following answers: 1=Strongly disagree; 2=Mildly disagree; 3=Unsure; 4=Mildly agree; 5=Strongly agree. Statements Strongly disagree Mildly disagree Unsure Mildly agree Strongly disagree Humans have the right to modify the natural environment to suit their needs. 1 2 3 4 5 Humans are severely abusing the environment. 1 2 3 4 5 Plants and animals have as much right as humans to exist. 1 2 3 4 5 Nature is strong enough to cope with the impacts of modern industrial nations. 1 2 3 4 5 Humans were meant to rule over the rest of nature. 1 2 3 4 5 The balance of nature is very delicate and easily upset. 1 2 3 4 5 3Listed below are statements about climate change. Which is your opinion about them? Please, consider the following answers: 1=Strongly disagree; 2=Mildly disagree; 3=Unsure; 4=Mildly agree; 5=Strongly agree. Statements Strongly disagree Mildly disagree Unsure Mildly agree Strongly disagree I feel a moral duty to do something about climate change. 1 2 3 4 5 Recent floods and heat-waves in this country are due to climate change. 1 2 3 4 5 The effects of climate change are likely to be catastrophic. 1 2 3 4 5 I consider climate change to be an unacceptable risk. 1 2 3 4 5 Climate change is too complicated for me to understand. 1 2 3 4 5 I often talk about climate change to family or friends. 1 2 3 4 5 It is difficult to know which products are better for the environment. 1 2 3 4 5 I need more information to form a clear opinion about climate change. 1 2 3 4 5 4.- Approximately, how many overnight trips do you usually do in a year? Please consider only those in which you leave your location/city of residence. 0 1 2 3 4 More than 4 5.- Please indicate which of the following islands have you visited before, and how many times have you visited the island(s) in the last five years. Please, leave it blank if you haven’t visited the island(s). Visited before Island(s) No. of visits (last 5 yrs.) Last Island Visited 1. Azores 2. Madeira 3. Balearic Islands (Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza, Formentera, Cabrera) 4. Canary Islands (Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, La Palma, La Gomera, El Hierro) 5. Martinique 6. Guadeloupe 7. Corsica 8. Crete 9. Cyprus 10. Malta 11. Sardinia 12. Sicily 13. Santorini 14. Corfu 15. Capri 16. Mikonos 17. Rhodes 18. Evia 19. Lesbos 20. Folegandros 21. Kelafonia 22. Hvar 23. Krk 24. Mljet 25. Otras: __________ 6.- Listed below are statements about climate change. Which is your opinion about them? Please, consider the following answers: 1=Strongly disagree; 2=Mildly disagree; 3=Unsure; 4=Mildly agree; 5=Strongly agree. Statements Strongly disagree Mildly disagree Unsure Mildly agree Strongly disagree Claims that human activities are changing the climate are exaggerated. 1 2 3 4 5 Climate change is just a natural fluctuation in earth’s temperatures. 1 2 3 4 5 I do not believe climate change is a real problem. 1 2 3 4 5 I am uncertain about whether climate change is really happening. 1 2 3 4 5 It is too early to say whether climate change is really a problem. 1 2 3 4 5 The evidence for climate change is unreliable. 1 2 3 4 5 There is too much conflicting evidence about climate change to know whether it is actually happening. 1 2 3 4 5 Climate change is too complex and uncertain for scientists to make useful forecasts. 1 2 3 4 5 Too much fuss is made about climate change. 1 2 3 4 5 Floods and heat-waves are not increasing, there is just more reporting of it in the media these days. 1 2 3 4 5 Many leading experts still question if human activity is contributing to climate change. 1 2 3 4 5 The media is often too alarmist about issues like climate change. 1 2 3 4 5 Talking about climate change is boring. 1 2 3 4 5 The thought of climate change fills me with dread. 1 2 3 4 5 Climate change is something that frightens me. 1 2 3 4 5 7.- What is your opinion regarding the following elements towards risk? Please, indicate in each case whether you: 1=totally disagree; 5=totally agree. Statements Totally disagree Totally agree Traveling is risky right now 1 2 3 4 5 I would feel very comfortable traveling anywhere right now 1 2 3 4 5 Domestic travel is just as risky as international travel 1 2 3 4 5 Tourists should avoid visiting some destinations which have been attacked 1 2 3 4 5 Vacation travel is perfectly safe 1 2 3 4 5 I feel nervous about traveling right now 1 2 3 4 5 Additional security measures at airports make traveling safer 1 2 3 4 5 Travel to nature areas (such as protected areas or forests) is not risky 1 2 3 4 5 Visiting art galleries, museums are safe tourist activities 1 2 3 4 5 Visits to other parks and campgrounds should be avoided right now 1 2 3 4 5 Safety is the most important attribute a destination can offer 1 2 3 4 5 Safety is the most serious consideration when I am choosing a destination 1 2 3 4 5 Trips to natural area scenic attractions are safer right now 1 2 3 4 5 Health safety (i.e., COVID-19 free) is the most important attribute a destination can offer 1 2 3 4 5 8. – How likely do you consider will be the following impacts at tourist destinations? Please, consider the following answers: 1=Will not happen at all; 2=Very unlikely; 3=Unlikely; 4=Neutral; 5=Likely; 6=Very likely; 7=Will happen for sure. Climate Change Impact How likely will be these impacts at tourist destinations? Not at all Very unlikely Unlikely Neutral Likely Very likely For sure Infectious diseases become more widespread 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Beaches largely disappear 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Temperature becomes uncomfortable to me 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Marine wildlife largely disappears 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Corals severely bleach 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Beaches are affected by algae blooms 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Wildfires occur more often 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Coastal infrastructures are damaged due to coastal erosion 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Terrestrial wildlife largely disappears 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cultural heritage is damaged due to weather conditions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Water is scarce for leisure activities 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9.- When you think about the IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE in your most favoured destinations, how strongly, if at all, do you experience the following emotions? Please, indicate each emotion on a scale from 1 (“not at all”) to 10 (“extremely”). Emotions about IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE Not at all Extremely Sadness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Anxiety 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Anger 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Helplessness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Distress 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 10.- What kind of emotions have arisen to you due to the current situation of the COVID-19 PANDEMIA? Please, answer for the forllowign emotions on a scale from 1 (“not at all”) to 10 (“extremely”). Emotions about the COVID-19 PANDEMIA Not at all Extremely Sadness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Anxiety 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Anger 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Helplessness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Distress 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11.- To what extent do you agree or disagree the given statements applied to yourself? Please mark, on your opinion, for each pair of traits in the table the most corresponding to you option. Please, consider the following answers: 1=disagree fully; 2=disagree moderately; 3=disagree a little; 4=neither agree nor disagree; 5=agree a little; 6=agree moderately; 7=agree fully. I see myself as… Disagree fully Disagree moderately Disagree a little Neither agree nor disagree Agree a little Agree moderately Totally agree Extraverted, enthusiastic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Critical, quarrelsome 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Dependable, self-disciplined 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Anxious, easily upset 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Open to new experiences, complex 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Reserved, quiet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Sympathetic, warm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Disorganized, careless 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Calm, emotionally stable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Conventional, uncreative 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 15.- Education level: 1. No schooling completed 4. Technical/vocational training 2. Primary school 5. Bachelor’s degree 3. Secondary school 6. Master or Doctorate degree 16.- Employment status: 1. Unemployed 4. Employee 2. Student 5. Retired 3. Self-employed 6. Other: _____________ 18.- Net monthly income: Individual Household (total) <500€ 2001-2800€ <500€ 2201-3000€ 500-1200€ 2801-3500€ 500-1500€ 3001-3400€ 1201-2000€ >3501€ 1501-2200€ >4001€ 19.- Would you like to add any comment? THANK YOU very much for your participation! 12.- Country of Residence: __________________ Province: __________________ 13.- Gender: 1. Male 2. Female 3. Other 14.- Age: _______ 17.- How many people live in the household (also count yourself)? ___________