Versioned Archive and Review of Biotic Interactions and Taxon Names Found within globalbioticinteractions/austraits hash://md5/32ed821176181b992b3d32bf2ad68145

Versioned Archive and Review of Biotic Interactions and Taxon Names Found within globalbioticinteractions/austraits hash://md5/32ed821176181b992b3d32bf2ad68145 by Nomer, Elton and Preston, three naive review bots [email protected] https://globalbioticinteractions.org/contribute https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/austraits/issues 2025-12-11 Abstract Life on Earth is sustained by complex interactions between organisms and their environment. These biotic interactions can be captured in datasets and published digitally. We present a review and archiving process for such an openly accessible digital interactions dataset of known origin and discuss its outcome. The dataset under review, named globalbioticinteractions/austraits, has fingerprint hash://md5/32ed821176181b992b3d32bf2ad68145, is 364MiB in size and contains 14,219 interactions with 1 unique type of association (e.g., hasVector) between 9,106 primary taxa (e.g., Styphelia affinis) and 76 associated taxa (e.g., wind). This report includes detailed summaries of interaction data, a taxonomic review from multiple catalogs, and an archived version of the dataset from which the reviews are derived. Contents Introduction 2 Data Review and Archive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Methods 2 Results 4 Files..................................... 4 ArchivedDataset.............................. 13 BioticInteractions ............................. 13 1 Interaction Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 TaxonomicAlignment ........................... 17 AdditionalReviews............................. 21 GloBIReviewBadge............................ 22 GloBIIndexBadge............................. 22 Discussion 22 Acknowledgements 23 Author contributions 23 References 23 Introduction Data Review and Archive Data review and archiving can be a time-consuming process, especially when done manually. This review report aims to help facilitate both activities. It automates the archiving of datasets, including Darwin Core archives, and is a citable backup of a version of the dataset. Additionally, an automatic review of species interaction claims made in the dataset is generated and registered with Global Biotic Interactions (J. H. Poelen, Simons, and Mungall 2014). This review includes summary statistics about, and observations about, the dataset under review : Falster, Gallagher et al (2021) AusTraits, a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora. Scientific Data 8: 254, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-01006-6 https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/austraits/archive/00e410b8cef652eb1bbe1d0768a7280602b3daef.zip 2025-12-06T00:28:20.189Z hash://md5/32ed821176181b992b3d32bf2ad68145 For additional metadata related to this dataset, please visit https://github.c om/globalbioticinteractions/austraits and inspect associated metadata files including, but not limited to, README.md,eml.xml, and/or globi.json. Methods The review is performed through programmatic scripts that leverage tools like Preston (Elliott et al. 2025), Elton (Kuhn, Poelen, and Leinweber 2025), Nomer (Salim and Poelen 2025), globinizer (J. Poelen, Seltmann, and Mietchen 2024) combined with third-party tools like grep, mlr, tail and head. 2 Table 1: Tools used in this review process tool name version preston 0.11.1 elton 0.16.1 nomer 0.5.17 globinizer 0.4.0 mlr 6.0.0 jq 1.6 yq 4.25.3 pandoc 3.1.6.1 duckdb 1.3.1 The review process can be described in the form of the script below 1. # get versioned copy of the dataset (size approx. 364MiB) under review elton pull globalbioticinteractions/austraits # generate review notes elton review globalbioticinteractions/austraits\ > review.tsv # export indexed interaction records elton interactions globalbioticinteractions/austraits\ > interactions.tsv # export names and align them with the Catalogue of Life using Nomer elton names globalbioticinteractions/austraits\ | nomer append col\ > name-alignment.tsv or visually, in a process diagram. dataset origin Elton (a naive review bot) pull (1) indexed interactions generates (2) name alignments Nomer (a naive review bot) extract names (3) generates (5) name catalog uses (4) Figure 1: Review Process Overview 1Note that you have to first get the data (e.g., via elton pull globalbioticinteractions/austraits) before being able to generate reviews (e.g., elton review globalbioticinteractions/austraits), extract interaction claims (e.g., elton interactions globalbioticinteractions/austraits), or list taxonomic names (e.g., elton names globalbioticinteractions/austraits) 3 You can find a copy of the full review script at check-data.sh. See also GitHub and Codeberg. Results In the following sections, the results of the review are summarized 2. Then, links to the detailed review reports are provided. Files The following files are produced in this review: filename description biblio.bib list of bibliographic reference of this review check-dataset.sh data review workflow/process as expressed in a bash script data.zip a versioned archive of the data under review HEAD the digital signature of the data under review index.docx review in MS Word format index.html review in HTML format index.md review in Pandoc markdown format index.pdf review in PDF format indexed-citations.csv.gz list of distinct reference citations for reviewed species interaction claims in gzipped comma-separated values file format indexed-citations.html.gz list of distinct reference citations for reviewed species interactions claims in gzipped html file format indexed-citations.tsv.gz list of distinct reference citations for reviewed species interaction claims in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-interactions-col-family-colfamily.svg network diagram showing the taxon family to taxon family interaction claims in the dataset under review as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life via Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) 2Disclaimer: The results in this review should be considered friendly, yet naive, notes from an unsophisticated robot. Please keep that in mind when considering the review results. 4 filename description indexed-interactions-col-kingdom-colkingdom.svg network diagram showing the taxon kingdom to taxon kingom interaction claims in the dataset under review as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life via Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) indexed-interactions.csv.gz species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-interactions.html.gz species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped html format indexed-interactions.tsv.gz species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-interactions.parquet species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in Apache Parquet format indexed-interactions-sample.csv list of species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-interactions-sample.html first 500 species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in html format indexed-interactions-sample.tsv first 500 species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in tab-separated values format indexed-names.csv.gz taxonomic names indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in gzipped html format indexed-names.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in Apache Parquet format 5 filename description indexed-names-resolved-col.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-col.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-col.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-col.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolveddiscoverlife.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolveddiscoverlife.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format 6 filename description indexed-names-resolveddiscoverlife.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolveddiscoverlife.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format 7 filename description indexed-names-resolved-itis.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-itis.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-itis.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-itis.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format 8 filename description indexed-names-resolved-mdd.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format 9 targetTaxonName count cassowaries 63 abiotic animals birds 61 birds mammals 38 water wind 34 Table 7: Most Frequent Interactions between Primary and Associate Taxa (up to 20 most frequent) sourceTaxonName interactionTypeName targetTaxonName count Brachyscome ciliaris hasVector invertebrates 10 Dianella revoluta var. revoluta hasVector birds 10 Viola hederacea hasVector invertebrates 10 Olearia ramulosa hasVector wind 9 Senna artemisioides subsp. x coriacea hasVector birds 9 Pandorea pandorana hasVector wind 8 Caladenia carnea hasVector wind 8 Calytrix tetragona hasVector wind 8 Cycnogeton procerum hasVector water 8 Euchiton involucratus hasVector wind 8 Anthosachne scabra hasVector mammals 8 Styphelia affinis hasVector birds 8 Clematis aristata hasVector wind 7 Euchiton japonicus hasVector wind 7 Ozothamnus obcordatus hasVector wind 7 Salsola australis hasVector wind 7 Bursaria spinosa subsp. lasiophylla hasVector water 7 Cardamine lilacina hasVector invertebrates 7 Coronidium scorpioides hasVector wind 6 Interaction Networks The figures below provide a graph view on the dataset under review. The first shows a summary network on the kingdom level, and the second shows how interactions on the family level. It is important to note that both network graphs were first aligned taxonomically using the Catalogue of Life. Please refer to the original (or verbatim) taxonomic names for a more original view on the interaction data. Figure 3: Interactions on taxonomic kingdom rank as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life download svg 16 Figure 4: Interactions on the taxonomic family rank as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life. download svg You can download the indexed dataset under review at indexed-interactions.c sv.gz. A tab-separated file can be found at indexed-interactions.tsv.gz Learn more about the structure of this download at GloBI website, by opening a GitHub issue, or by sending an email. Another way to discover the dataset under review is by searching for it on the GloBI website. Taxonomic Alignment As part of the review, all names are aligned against various name catalogs (e.g., col, ncbi, discoverlife, gbif, itis, wfo, mdd, tpt, pbdb, and worms). These alignments can help review name usage or aid in selecting of a suitable taxonomic name resource. Table 8: Sample of Name Alignments providedName relationName resolvedCatalogNameresolvedName Abiotic animals ants birds passive NONE col Abiotic animals ants birds passive Abiotic animals ants NONE col Abiotic animals ants Abiotic animals ants passive NONE col Abiotic animals ants passive Abiotic animals birds NONE col Abiotic animals birds Table 9: Distribution of Taxonomic Ranks of Aligned Names by Catalog. Names that were not aligned with a catalog are counted as NAs. So, the total number of unaligned names for a catalog will be listed in their NA row. resolvedCatalogName resolvedRank count col NA 1070 col class 3 col family 21 col genus 681 col kingdom 1 17 resolvedCatalogName resolvedRank count col section 1 col species 7053 col subfamily 1 col subgenus 4 col subphylum 1 col subspecies 79 col variety 19 discoverlife NA 8866 gbif NA 785 gbif class 3 gbif family 21 gbif form 6 gbif genus 685 gbif kingdom 1 gbif species 7127 gbif subspecies 109 gbif variety 221 itis NA 7528 itis class 3 itis family 21 itis genus 382 itis kingdom 1 itis species 911 itis subgenus 1 itis subphylum 1 itis subspecies 17 itis variety 2 mdd NA 8865 ncbi NA 3080 ncbi clade 1 ncbi class 3 ncbi family 21 ncbi genus 679 ncbi kingdom 1 ncbi section 1 ncbi species 5076 ncbi subspecies 3 ncbi varietas 2 pbdb NA 8574 pbdb class 3 pbdb family 21 pbdb genus 239 pbdb kingdom 1 pbdb species 24 18 resolvedCatalogName resolvedRank count pbdb subfamily 1 pbdb subgenus 1 pbdb suborder 1 pbdb subphylum 1 pbdb unranked clade 1 tpt NA 8859 tpt genus 4 tpt species 2 wfo NA 1090 wfo family 21 wfo form 2 wfo genus 678 wfo species 7052 wfo subspecies 26 wfo variety 18 worms NA 7529 worms class 2 worms family 19 worms genus 319 worms kingdom 1 worms species 991 worms subclass 1 worms subphylum 1 worms subspecies 9 worms variety 6 Table 10: Name relationship types per catalog. Name relationship type “NONE” means that a name was not recognized by the associated catalog. “SAME_AS” indicates either a “HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME” or “SYNONYM_OF” name relationship type. We recognize that “SYNONYM_OF” encompasses many types of nomenclatural synonymies (ICZN 1999) (e.g., junior synonym, senior synonyms). resolvedCatalogName relationName count col NONE 1095 col HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 7836 col SYNONYM_OF 1157 discoverlife NONE 9182 gbif NONE 809 gbif HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 8718 gbif SYNONYM_OF 2165 19 resolvedCatalogName relationName count itis NONE 7686 itis HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 1454 itis SYNONYM_OF 122 mdd NONE 9179 ncbi NONE 3119 ncbi SAME_AS 6009 ncbi SYNONYM_OF 131 pbdb NONE 8788 pbdb HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 384 pbdb SYNONYM_OF 48 tpt NONE 9173 tpt HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 6 wfo NONE 1118 wfo HAS_UNCHECKED_NAME 374 wfo HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 7523 wfo SYNONYM_OF 693 worms NONE 7726 worms HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 1498 worms SYNONYM_OF 171 Table 11: List of Available Name Alignment Reports catalog name alignment results col associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) ncbi associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) discoverlife associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) gbif associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) itis associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) wfo associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) mdd associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) tpt associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) pbdb associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) 20 catalog name alignment results worms associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) Additional Reviews Elton, Nomer, and other tools may have difficulties interpreting existing species interaction datasets. Or, they may misbehave, or otherwise show unexpected behavior. As part of the review process, detailed review notes are kept that document possibly misbehaving, or confused, review bots. An sample of review notes associated with this review can be found below. Table 12: First few lines in the review notes. reviewDate reviewCommentType reviewComment 2025-12-11T17:04:59Z note found unsupported interaction type with name: [leaf_compoundness] 2025-12-11T17:04:59Z note found unsupported interaction type with name: [seed_length] 2025-12-11T17:04:59Z note found unsupported interaction type with name: [leaf_compoundness] 2025-12-11T17:04:59Z note found unsupported interaction type with name: [leaf_compoundness] In addition, you can find the most frequently occurring notes in the table below. Table 13: Most frequently occurring review notes, if any. reviewComment count found unsupported interaction type with name: [plant_growth_form] 112992 found unsupported interaction type with name: [life_history] 86663 found unsupported interaction type with name: [leaf_length] 82565 21 reviewComment count found unsupported interaction type with name: [woodiness_detailed] 78376 For additional information on review notes, please have a look at the first 500 Review Notes in html format or the download full gzipped csv or tsv archives. GloBI Review Badge As part of the review, a review badge is generated. This review badge can be included in webpages to indicate the review status of the dataset under review. review review 01F 4AC 01F 4AC Figure 5: Picture of a GloBI Review Badge 3 Note that if the badge is green, no review notes were generated. If the badge is yellow, the review bots may need some help with interpreting the species interaction data. GloBI Index Badge If the dataset under review has been registered with GloBI, and has been succesfully indexed by GloBI, the GloBI Index Status Badge will turn green. This means that the dataset under review was indexed by GloBI and is available through GloBI services and derived data products. GloBI GloBI ✓ ✓ Figure 6: Picture of a GloBI Index Badge 4 If you’d like to keep track of reviews or index status of the dataset under review, please visit GloBI’s dataset index 5for badge examples. Discussion This review and archive provides a means of creating citable versions of datasets that change frequently. This may be useful for dataset managers, including natural history collection data managers, as a backup archive of a shared Darwin 3Up-to-date status of the GloBI Review Badge can be retrieved from the GloBI Review Depot 4Up-to-date status of the GloBI Index Badge can be retrieved from GloBI’s API 5At time of writing (2025-12-11) the version of the GloBI dataset index was available at https://globalbioticinteractions.org/datasets 22 Core archive. It also serves as a means of creating a trackable citation for the dataset in an automated way, while also including some information about the contents of the dataset. This review aims to provide a perspective on the dataset to aid in understanding of species interaction claims discovered. However, it is important to note that this review does not assess the quality of the dataset. Instead, it serves as an indication of the open-ness6and FAIRness (Wilkinson et al. 2016; Trekels et al. 2023) of the dataset: to perform this review, the data was likely openly available, Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable. The current Open-FAIR assessment is qualitative, and a more quantitative approach can be implemented with specified measurement units. This report also showcases the reuse of machine-actionable (meta)data, something highly recommended by the FAIR Data Principles (Wilkinson et al. 2016). Making (meta)data machine-actionable enables more precise procesing by computers, enabling even naive review bots like Nomer and Elton to interpret the data effectively. This capability is crucial for not just automating the generation of reports, but also for facilitating seamless data exchanges, promoting interoperability. Acknowledgements We thank the many humans that created us and those who created and maintained the data, software and other intellectual resources that were used for producing this review. In addition, we are grateful for the natural resources providing the basis for these human and bot activities. Also, thanks to https://github.com/zygoballus for helping improve the layout of the review tables. Author contributions Nomer was responsible for name alignments. Elton carried out dataset extraction, and generated the review notes. Preston tracked, versioned, and packaged, the dataset under review. 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