Optical Properties and Nlo Behavior Of 0.4% L-Leucine Doped Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals

Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(V)| October2025 101 Optical Properties and Nlo Behavior Of 0.4% L-Leucine Doped Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals B. A. Shingade1, P. A Shingade2, A. S. Nagpure3 1bhawabhuti Mahavidyalaya, Amgaon, Gondia, 2shankarlal Agrawal College, Salekasa, Gondia 3g.K College, Kawarabandh. Gondia [email protected] Manuscript ID: JRD -2025-171026 ISSN: 2230-9578 Volume 17 Issue 10(V) Pp. 101-104 October 2025 Submitted: 29 Sept. 2025 Revised: 09 Oct. 2025 Accepted: 23 Oct. 2025 Published: 31 Oct. 2025 Abstract Pure ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) with L-Leucine doped has been grown by slow solvent evaporation method at room temperature. The grown crystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FTIR . The X-ray diffraction analysis of the grown ADP crystals showed that it possesses tetragonal structure having lattice parameters a = 7.626 Å and c = 7.715 Å. FTIR spectral analysis was performed to identify various functional groups in the crystal & study of NLO crystals with high excellent frequency conversion properties. Keywords: ADP, L-Leucine, X-ray diffraction, FTIR, SHG etc. Introduction Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate (ADP) is a representative of hydrogen bonded materials that possesses excellent dielectric, piezoelectric, anti-ferroelectric, electro-optic and nonlinear optical properties. Growth and studies of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is a centre of attention to researchers because of its unique properties and wide applications. Single crystals of ADP are used for frequency doubling and frequency tripling of laser systems, optical switches in inertial confinement fusion and acoustic-optical Devices [1]. ADP crystallizes in a body centered tetragonal structure with the space group I 4 2d and has tetra molecular unit cell [2] with unit cell parameters a = b = 7.6264 Å and c = 7.7151 Å. ADP has been the subject of a wide variety of investigations over the past decades. Reasonable studies have been done on the growth and properties of pure ADP [3-4]. In recent years, efforts have been taken to improve the quality, growth rate and properties of ADP, by employing new growth techniques, and also by the addition of organic, inorganic and semi organic impurities [5, 6]. Organic nonlinear optical materials have large optical susceptibilities, inherent ultrafast response times, and high optical thresholds for laser power as compared with inorganic materials. Amino acids are interesting materials for NLO applications as they contain a proton donor carboxyl acid (-COOH) group and proton acceptor amino (-NH2) group in them [7]. Amino acids, when added as impurities, have improved material properties [8]. Amino acid, L-leucine has formed several complexes, which are promising materials for second harmonic generation [9, 10]. In the light of research work being done on ADP crystals, to improve theproperties, it was thought interesting and worthwhile to investigate the effect of L-leucine on ADP. In this work, the structural spectral and nonlinear optical behaviour of single crystals of L-leucine added ADP against pure ADP has been studied and reported . Experiment Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and L-leucine (Merck-Germany) along with deionised water were used for the growth of single crystals. Quick Response Code: Website: https://jrdrvb.org/ DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17464074 Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work noncommercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations ae licensed under the idential terms. Address for correspondence: B. A. Shingade, Bhawabhuti Mahavidyalaya, Amgaon, Gondia, How to cite this article B. A. Shingade, P. A Shingade (2025) Optical Properties and Nlo Behavior Of 0.4% L-Leucine Doped Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals journal of Research & Development, 17(10(V)), 101-104 Original Article Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(V)| October2025 102 Experiment Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and L-leucine (Merck-Germany) along with deionised water were used for the growth of single crystals. ADP was mixed with L-leucine in the ratio 1:0.04 to prepare 300 ml of saturated solution at 35°C The solution was stirred for four hours using magnetic stirrer and filtered using Whatman filter paper. The filtered solution was transferred to borosil glass beaker. It was porously sealed and placed in a dust free atmosphere for slow evaporate n. 100 ml of saturated solution of pure ADP was also prepared with de-ionised water at 30°C. The solution was stirred for four hours using magnetic stirrer. It was then filtered using Whatmann filter paper, transferred to borosil glass beaker, porously sealed and kept in a dust free atmosphere for slow evaporation. The grown Pure and 0.4 mol% L-leucine added ADP crystals were harvested after a period of 30 days. Crystals’ growth and characterization of ADP and doped ADP crystals were grown from an aqueous solution by slow evaporation and slow cooling techniques. Good quality crystals of reasonable size (40 mm X 8 mm X 7 mm) are obtained for a particular concentration shown in Figure. 1 and 2. Result and Discussion: Table No - 1Bond assignments of various frequenc Sr.no Frequency Range 0.4 mole%+ADP Bond Assignments 1 3700-3100 3255.88 O-H Stretching 2 2800-2400 2371.00 Vibration of combination bond 3 1450-1200 1445.65 Bending vibration of NH2 4 1100-900 1099.10 P-O-H vibration 5 550-430 548.46 PO4 Vibration Figure. 1.pure ADP Figure. 2. 0.4% Figure. 3 PXRD of pure ADP Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(V)| October2025 103 Figure. 4 PXRD of 0.4% Leucine doped in ADP Figure. 5 FTIR of 0.4% Leucine doped ADP Second Harmonic Generation studies The relative second harmonic generation efficiency (SHG) was examined by Kurtz powder technique. A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser operating at the fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm, generating about 10.3 mJ and pulse width of 10 ns was used for the present experimental study. The input laser beam was passed through an IR reflector and then incident on the fine powder form of the ADP specimen, which was packed in a glass capillary tube. A photodiode detector integrated with oscilloscope assembly detected the output energy. Second harmonic signal of 532 nm was detected when the laser beam was passed through L-Leucine doped ADP specimen. The second harmonic generation efficiency was measured with respect to ADP. From this measurement we found that the relative SHG ratio of L-Leucine doped ADP shows changes with that of pure ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. SHG of ADP enhances with the addition of L-Leucine. This is due to the fact that L-Leucine has NH3+ and COOgroups. The optically active amino group may get added in the ADP structure and increase its non centre symmetry thereby increasing its SHG efficiency. SHG ratio results are summarized in the Table No 2. Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(V)| October2025 104 Table No 2 SHG ratio of L-Leucine doped ADP Conclusion system remains unchanged. Intensity peaks of Optical quality, colorless and pure and 0.4 mole%, LLeucine doped ADP crystals were grown by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The powder X-ray diffraction studies of pure and L-Leucine doped ADP showed that crystal possess tetragonal structure having I42d symmetry space group, with lattice parameter in good agreement with JCPDS data card no. 850815. Even after doping crystal LLeucine doped ADP crystal resembles with diffraction angle of pure ADP crystal with negligible small variation, while intensity variation observed. The FT-IR spectrum confirms the presence of all functional group of L-Leucine. The optical transparency and enhanced NLO response demonstrate that L-Leucine doped ADP crystals are promising materials for laser frequency conversion and optoelectronic device applications. Acknowledgement Author would like to thank the principal of , Bhawabhuti Mahavidyalaya Amgaon, for always supporting for research work. 1. References 2. N. Zaitseva, L. Carman, Prog. Crystal Growth Charact. 43 (2001) 1. 3. L. Tenzer, B.C. Frazer, R. Pepinsky, Acta Cryst. 11 (1958) 505. 4. H.V. Alexandru, J. Cryst. Growth 10 (1971) 151. 5. W.J.P. Van Enckevort, R. Janssen-van Rosmalen, W.H. Van der Linden, J. Cryst. Growth 49 (1980) 502. 6. P. Rajesh, P. Ramasamy, Materials Letters 63 (2009) 2260. 7. P. Selvarajan, J. Glorium Arul Raj, S. Perumal, J. Crystal Growth 311 (2009) 3835. 8. P. Kumaresan, S. Moorthy Babu, P.M. Anbarasan , Optical Materials 30 (2008) 1361. 9. P. Rajesh, P. Ramasamy, Physica B 404 ( 2009 ) 1611. 10. S.A. Martin Britto Dhas, G. Bhagavannarayana, S. Natarajan, J. Cryst. Growth 310 (2008) 3535. 11. G. Anantha Babu, P. Ramasamy, Mater. Chem. Phys. 113 (2009) 727. 12. H. Lipson, H. Steeple, Interpretation of X-ray Powder Diffraction Patterns, fifth edi. Macmillan, New York, 1970. 13. Dongli Xu, Dongfeng Xue, J. Cryst. Growth 286 (2006) 108. 14. Josephine Rani T., et al. RRST 69(2011). Sr. No L-Leucine doped % SHG mV Ratio with pure ADP 1 0 34 mV 1 2 0.4 35.7mV 1.07