BINARY STREAM SCATTERING (BSS) METHOD TO PROTECT DSF

Volume-09 Issue 12, December -2025 ISSN: 2456-9348 Impact Factor: 8.232 International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) https://ijetrm.com/ IJETRM (http://ijetrm.com/) [322] BINARY STREAM SCATTERING (BSS) METHOD TO PROTECT DSF Khawla Tawfeeq Rasheed Omar, Rose Mufid Abd Alraheem Alqasem, Samah AbdulMohdi Abdallah Massadeh, Samer Abdullah Sadeq Hamed, Nawal Ameen Ahmed Alzabin, Al-Balqa Applied University Jordan-Amman ABSTRACT In today’s interconnected digital world, the transmission of digital speech files is ubiquitous across diverse communication platforms. With the proliferation of sensitive and specialized information being exchanged, safeguarding these messages from potential threats such as intruders, abusers, and data hackers becomes imperative. This research paper introduces an innovative approach aimed at streamlining digital speech signal protection procedures while concurrently thwarting hacking attempts. At the core of this method lies the utilization of a sophisticated variable content private key designed to facilitate ease of alteration without compromising the integrity of encryption and decryption operations. The pivotal aspect involves leveraging a chaotic logistic map model to generate the required indices keys, scattering the speech stream of bits and scattering back these blocks. The presented method will be simple, it will use simple chaotic logistic map model to generate the required secret indices key, simple bits scattering to apply speech file encryption and simple scattering back operation to apply speech decryption. The presented method will be flexible, it will provide the user with the ability to change the number of rounds, the block size and the private key length, making these changes will not affect the encryption and decryption function. The presented method will be highly secure, it will use a 576 bits private key, and this length will be increased when increasing the number of used rounds. The presented method will provide a high speed, it will reduce both the encryption and decryption times and it will provide a good speed up comparing with other existing methods of data cryptography. The presented method is empirically validated through the implementation of various digital speech files. Comparative analyses against existing methods underscore the efficacy and robustness of the presented method, substantiating its significant advancements in data protection paradigms. Keywords: DSF, cryptography, PK, SIK, CS, CLMM, SBM, SBS, block. INTRODUCTION Digital speech file (DSF) [1-10] is a collection of samples values arrange in one column matrix (mono speech) or in two columns matrix (stereo speech), each sample represents the amplitude of the sample, and this value is a double fractional value within the range -1 to +1. DSF can be represented by the wave plot, histogram (see figure 1) [11-15]. The samples values can be converted to binary to form the speech binary matrix (SBM), and this matrix can be reshaped to one row matrix to form the speech binary stream (SBS) (see figure 1) [16-20[. Volume-09 Issue 12, December -2025 ISSN: 2456-9348 Impact Factor: 8.232 International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) https://ijetrm.com/ IJETRM (http://ijetrm.com/) [323] Figure 1: DSF presentation DSF is usually used to create the voiceprint, and this print has the following features [21-30]: - Voice recognition doesn't require specialized devices to capture biometric data like fingerprints or iris scans; a phone speaker or the microphone included with computers can do the job. - Voice recognition has solved the problem of theft and forgery of passwords and cards. - Voice recognition allows for remote identification and verification. - Voice recognition has helped people avoid memorizing passwords. - . Voice recognition is limited to living individuals. - Voice recognition has expedited the identity verification process, as voice recognition-based applications don't require an employee presence. - Voice recognition is a good alternative for people who have difficulty using a mouse or keyboard. - Voice recognition is a secure way to track a user's activity and verify that they are the authorized user, unlike passwords which grant full access to any system once the user knows the password. Voiceprint is used in many applications, including [31-35]: - Identifying suspects in crimes and security cases. - Accessing databases such as passports, university and school records, medical records, and employee records. - Accessing financial transactions, such as those conducted by banks, commercial markets, and travel and tourism agencies. - Accessing physical locations, such as homes, offices, and vehicles. - Using devices such as computers, cameras, home appliances, and elevators. With the increasing reliance on digital communication, securing voice and video calls has become crucial. Modern applications rely on advanced encryption technologies to protect data in transit, preventing unauthorized parties from intercepting conversations. In this article, we'll discuss how encryption works in communication applications, the importance of using it, and best practices to ensure the security of your digital calls [36-40]. In the digital age, video and voice calls have become commonplace, both personally and professionally. However, this development has been accompanied by growing security threats, as hackers or unauthorized entities can intercept or eavesdrop on conversations. For this reason, encryption has become a fundamental technology for protecting user privacy and preventing any potential breaches [41-45]. In fact, most modern applications rely on strong encryption to ensure call security. But how does this encryption work? And do all applications offer the same level of protection? In this article, we'll explore how encryption works, how to ensure your calls are protected, and some of the challenges these technologies may face [46-50]. Volume-09 Issue 12, December -2025 ISSN: 2456-9348 Impact Factor: 8.232 International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) https://ijetrm.com/ IJETRM (http://ijetrm.com/) [324] The importance of voice encryption lies in protecting the privacy of voice communications and their data by converting them into an unreadable format, thus preventing unauthorized access. Encryption also contributes to reducing the size of audio files and facilitating their storage and transfer, while preserving the original sound quality and ensuring data integrity and preventing tampering [51-55]. Without a doubt, encryption is one of the most effective ways to protect data while it is transmitted over the internet. It helps to [56-60]: - Protect privacy: Prevention of Eavesdropping: Encryption protects against eavesdropping on calls and voice communications, as signals are encoded so that they can only be understood by authorized parties using the correct encryption key, Encryption provides a barrier against hackers and intruders, preventing data theft or misuse, even if networks or devices are compromised. - Combat electronic eavesdropping: Reduce the chances of communications being intercepted or data being intercepted by hackers. - Comply with security regulations: Laws such as GDPR and HIPAA require companies to use strong encryption technologies to protect data. - Ensure the confidentiality of sensitive information: Call encryption is essential for companies that handle sensitive data, such as financial institutions or government sectors. DSF crypto method as shown in figure 2 usually contains two parts [61-66]: the sending (encrypting) part and the receiving (decrypting) part. The encrypting part uses the encryption function (EF) to process the source DSF and the private key (PK) to produce an encrypted (cipher) DSF, while the receiving part uses the decryption function (DF) to process the encrypted DSF and the PK to produce a decrypted DSF. The method of DSF cryptography will be classified as a good method it meets the following requirements: - Encryption quality: The encrypted DSF must be damaged, corrupted and unlistenable, the quality parameters values measured between the source and the encrypted DSFs must be as follows [67-70]: • High value of MSE (mean square error). • Low value of PSNR (peak signal to noise ratio). • Low value of CC (correlation coefficient). - Encryption quality: The decrypted DSF must be the same as the source one, the quality parameters values measured between the source and the decrypted DSFs must be as follows [71-76]: Figure 2: DSF crypto method diagram • Zero MSE. • Infinite PSNR). • CC must equal 1. - Speed: The method must optimize the speed of DSF cryptography by reducing both of the encryption and decryption times [77-81]. - Level of security: The method must use a complicated PK, the PK length must be greater than 100 bits, this length will be strong and it will provide a key space capable to resist hacking attacks, the decrypted DSF must be sensitive to the selected PK [82-86]. Volume-09 Issue 12, December -2025 ISSN: 2456-9348 Impact Factor: 8.232 International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) https://ijetrm.com/ IJETRM (http://ijetrm.com/) [325] - Simplicity: The method must use simple procedures for key generation, DSF encryption and DSF decryption. - Flexibility: The method must provide the user with the ability to change the number of rounds, the block size and the PK length, making any of these changes must not affect the EF and the DF. RELATED WORKS Multiple and varied methods for data encryption are now available, and many of these methods rely on standard approaches such as des (data encryption standard), AES (advanced encryption standard) and BF (blowfish) methods [1-5]. Standard methods share many characteristics, and some of these characteristics need improvement, which will be provided by the method proposed in this research. Among these characteristics, we mention the following [610]: - Data size: Standard methods handle small datasets efficiently, such as confidential messages, but increasing the size of the data to be encrypted reduces the efficiency of these methods. The presented BSS method will be efficiently used to encrypt-decrypt data with big size such as DSF. - Rounds: Standard method are to be implemented in a number of rounds with the following features: • The number of rounds is fixed and cannot be changed by the user. • All rounds must be executed. • Rounds are dependent, and all rounds are used to treat the same data block. The presented method will use a variable number of rounds, this number will be selected by the user and the rounds will be independent. - Data blocking: Standard methods divide the data into blocks with the following features: • Block size in bits is small. • Block size is fixed and cannot be changed by the user. • All rounds use the same block size. The presented method will use a variable block size, each round will use its own block size, the block size can be small or big and it will be selected by the user. - PK length: Standard methods use a fixed length PK, it cannot be changed and it is varies from short PK length to long PK key length. The presented BSS method will use a variable length PK, and it will use 192 bits length for each selected round. - Security level: The security level depends on the length of the used PK, figure 3 shows the key space provided by the presented method, and comparing with standard method the BSS method will increase the security level by providing a huge key space. - Speed: Standard methods provide a low speed of data cryptography especially when they are used to encrypt-decrypt big data such as DSF. Some authors introduced some chaotic methods to enhance the performance of standard method and they succeeded [1-5]. The presented BSS method will enhance the speed of DSF cryptography and it will provide a good speed up comparing with standard methods. Figure 3: Provided key spaces of various methods Volume-09 Issue 12, December -2025 ISSN: 2456-9348 Impact Factor: 8.232 International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) https://ijetrm.com/ IJETRM (http://ijetrm.com/) [326] - Simplicity: Standard methods are not simple, they use a complicated sequence of operations to generate the secret keys, encrypt and decrypt the data. - Flexibility: Standard methods are not flexible, the number of rounds, the PK length and the block size are fixed, and the user cannot change any of these parameters. The presented method will provide the user with the ability to change the number of rounds, the block size and the PK length, and making these changes will not affect the EF and DF. - METHODOLOGY The presented in this paper research BSS is a variable number of rounds method, and it can be implemented at least with one round. The rounds are independent and each round uses it PK part and the input DSF to encryptdecrypt the input DSF as shown in figure 4. Figure 4: Presented BSS method with three rounds diagram The block size value in the PK (BS) is to be used to calculate the number of blocks in the associated round, while the values of the chaotic logistic parameters r and x are to be used to run a chaotic logistic map model to generate a chaotic sequence, this sequence will be sorted to form the secret indices key, which will be used to scatter/scatter back the DSF blocks of bits in the encryption/decryption process. Generating the secret indices key is a simple process, and figure 5 shows an example of running a CLMM to generate the SIK. Volume-09 Issue 12, December -2025 ISSN: 2456-9348 Impact Factor: 8.232 International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) https://ijetrm.com/ IJETRM (http://ijetrm.com/) [327] Figure 5: Example of generating SIK The generated SIK will be very sensitive any minor changes in r, x, and NB will lead to generate a new SIK, so the encryption and decryption parts must use the same PK. Each round in the encryption/decryption part will be used to implement the following tasks: a) Converting the DSF to a binary stream, and this can be done bt performing the following operations: - Convert the DSF to binary to get the speech binary matrix (SBM). - Reshape the 16 columns SBM to one row matrix to get the speech binary stream (SBS). b) Calculate the number of blocks (NB) by dividing the length of BS by the value of BS. c) Use the values of r, x and NB to generate the chaotic sequence (CS) by running a CLMM. d) Sort the CS to get the SIK. e) Use SIK to scatter/scatter back the SBS blocks to encrypt/decrypt the DSF. f) Reshape SBS back to SBN. g) Convert SBM to decimal to get the encrypted/decrypted DSF. The SBS scattering is a simple task, and it will be implemented based on the contents of the generated SIK by applying the following: For each output block with index i, replace this block by the input block with index c, where c is the contents of SIK with index i (see figures 6 and 8). The SBS scattering back is a simple task, and it will be implemented based on the contents of the generated SIK by applying the following: For each output block with index c, replace this block by the input block with index i, where c is the contents of SIK with index i (see figures 7 and 9). Figure 6: Scattering operation example Volume-09 Issue 12, December -2025 ISSN: 2456-9348 Impact Factor: 8.232 International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) https://ijetrm.com/ IJETRM (http://ijetrm.com/) [328] Figure 7: Scattering back operation example Figure 8: DSF encryption example Figure 9: DSF decryption example Volume-09 Issue 12, December -2025 ISSN: 2456-9348 Impact Factor: 8.232 International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) https://ijetrm.com/ IJETRM (http://ijetrm.com/) [329] Each encryption-decryption round will be implemented by calling the EF/DF shown in figure 10 and 11: Figure 10: Presented BSS EF Figure 11: Presented BSS DF Volume-09 Issue 12, December -2025 ISSN: 2456-9348 Impact Factor: 8.232 International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) https://ijetrm.com/ IJETRM (http://ijetrm.com/) [330] RESULTS The proposed BSS method was implemented using MATLAB 7, capitalizing on the computational capabilities of a processor operating at 2.4 MHz and an Intel i5 processor with a RAM capacity of 8 GB. Encryption and decryption times are among the most important factors used in evaluating the performance of an encryption method, especially when dealing with large amounts of data such as DSF. DSF encryption with the original standard algorithms is time-consuming and generally considered too slow for modern applications. For example, encrypting a 500KB DSF took DES 476 seconds, whereas chaotic algorithms took only 14 seconds on the same system. While DES can encrypt 1KB of DSF in under a millisecond (around 0.00099 seconds), DSF data is significantly larger, and the total time depends heavily on image size and system hardware and the following factors affect the DSF encryption-decryption time: - DSF size: The larger the DSF, the longer it will take to encrypt. - Hardware and software: The speed of the computer's CPU and the software used for encryption (e.g., MATLAB) will impact the final encryption time. - Algorithm efficiency: Modern algorithms can achieve faster encryption speeds compared to the original DES algorithm, especially for DSFs. Some research shows that algorithms with a different architecture, such as those using chaotic systems, are significantly faster for DSF encryption. To test the speed of the presented BSS method various DSF were selected and implemented using the presented BSS method, the encryption time (ET) and the decryption time (DT) were calculate and table 1 shows the obtained speed results: Table 1: BSS method speed results (one round) DSF size (K bytes) ET DT 10 0.0900 0.0330 12 0.0920 0.0330 15 0.0990 0.0350 18 0.1060 0.0370 20 0.1100 0.0410 25 0.1170 0.0510 30 0.1290 0.0600 40 0.1700 0.0850 50 0.2210 0.1470 75 0.2260 0.1480 100 0.2680 0.2000 200 0.4710 0.3890 500 1.0710 1.0330 1000 2.2300 2.0630 Average 0.3857 0.3111 Average speed (K bytes per second) 387.9774 481.0122 From table 1 it is seen that the presented BSS method provided good speed parameters, the average encryption time was equal 0.3857 seconds and the average decryption time was equal 0.3111 seconds, the method provided a good speed of DSF cryptography with average encryption speed equal 387.9774 K bytes per second and average decryption speed equal 481.0122 K bytes per second. It is also seen that when increasing the DSF size the ET and DT slowly grow up and the relationship between each time and the DSF size is linear as shown in figure 12. The presented BSS method is a variable number of rounds, increasing the number of rounds increases the length of the PK and thus the security level will be increased. Increasing the number of rounds will require extra time to execute the selected additional rounds, thus the speed will be decreased, but it will be acceptable. The same selected DSFs were executed again using three rounds and the ET and DT were calculated and table 2 shows the obtained results. Volume-09 Issue 12, December -2025 ISSN: 2456-9348 Impact Factor: 8.232 International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) https://ijetrm.com/ IJETRM (http://ijetrm.com/) [337] maximizing the speed of message cryptography. 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