New Grasses From Santa Catarina

NEW GRASSES FROM SANTA CATARINA Jason R. Swallen Head Curator, Dept. Botany Smithsonian Institution RESUMO O autor, com a publicação de Reitzia smithii, cria um novo gênero de Gramíneas baseado numa espécie nova. Homenageia conjuntamente a P. Raulino Reitz, diretor do Herbário “Barbosa Rodrigues” e Dr. Lyman B. Smith, Conservador Associado do Museu Nacional dos Estados Unidos da América do Norte que, juntos, acharam esta grande novidade nas florestas de Azambuja, Brusque. Publica ainda as novidades seguintes: Cortaderia vaginata, Poa reitzii, Sporobolus comporum e Calamagrostis reitzii achadas no Campo dos Padres, a zona mais eleva da de S. Catarina. The following new genus and species are described from the collections of P. Raulino Reitz and Lyman B. Smith: Reitzia Swallen, gen. nov. Monoecia; spiculis masculis et femineis binatis in eadem inflorescentia dispositis ; spiculae masculae sessiles : glumae nullae; lemma 3-nerve, nervis obscuris; stamina 3; spiculae femineae pedicellatae: glumae acuminatae, subaequales, 3nerves, nervis obscuris; fructus sessilis, ellipticus, variegatus, 3-nervis, nervis albidis, aproximatis. Perennis culmis gracilibus, et laminis latis planis. Inflorescence a narrow raceme, terminal or sometimes axillary, the lower part enclosed in the sheath; spikelets in pairs, the lower staminate, sessile, the other pistillate, pedi cellate, the pedicel much thickened at the summit; stamina- SEIXOWIA — ANAIS BOTÂNICOS do HBR — Nr. 7 (1956) te spikelet: glumes wanting; lemma 3-nerved, the nerves faint; stamens 3; pistillate spikelet: glumes acuminate, 3nerved, the nerves faint, the first slightly longer than the se cond; fruit sessile, elliptic, abruptly acute, variegated black and white, the lemma 3-nerved, the nerves white. Densely tufted perennials with slender culms and relatively broad flat blades. Reitzia smithii Swallen, sp. nov. Culmi caespitosi, erecti vel ad nodos geniculati, glabri, nodis pubescentibus; vaginae inferiores internodiis multo breviores, efoliatae, superiores approximatae, foliosae; lami nae 4-7,5 cm. longae, 12-20 mm. latae, acutae, basi subtruncatae, minute pubescentes vel glabrae; racemus 1-2 cm. longus ; spiculae masculae 3 mm. longae, lemmate acuminate ; spiculae femineae 6 mm. longae, glabrae, gluma prima acu minata vel attenuata; fructus 4 mm. longus, lucidus, variegatus. Culms densely tufted, erect or geniculate at the lower nodes, glabrous, the nodes appressed pubescent; lower sheaths much shorter than the internodes, bladeless or with greatly reduced blades, the upper ones somewhat crowded, the blades not reduced; blades mostly 4-7.5 cm. long, 12-20 mm. wide, acute ,the base sub-truncate, somewhat asymme trical, minutely pubescent or nearly glabrous; raceme 1-2 cm. long, the axis pubescent; staminate spikelets 3 mm. long, the lemma acuminate, glabrous, the stamens about 1 mm. long ; pistillate spikelet 6 mm. long, glabrous, the first glume acumi nate to attenuate, the margins enclosing the second glume; fruit 4 mm. long, smooth and shining, mottled black and white. Type in the United States National Herbarium, n°. 2150190, collected in forest, Azambuja, Brusque, Santa Cata rina, Brazil, altitude 35-135 meters, March 1952, by L. B. Smith and P. R. Reitz (n°. 6.123). Reitzia is closely related to Diandrolyra Stapf, which is known only from the type collection grown in a flower pot at — 8 — Reitzia smithii Swallen sp. nov. a — Plant X 1; b — Enflorescense X 2; c — Fruit X 10 ë. R. SWALLEN — New grasses from Santa Catarina the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, the source of the seed un known. The latter differs in having staminate spikelets with only two stamens and with well developed glumes, as long as the lemma in the terminal spikelets. Cortaderia vaginata Swallen, sp. nov. Perennis caespitosa ; culmi erecti ca. 80 cm. alti; vaginae elongatae, carinatae, glabrae; ligula brevissima; laminae planae, elongatae, ca. 5 mm. latae, marginibus scabrissimae; panicula 15 cm. longa, laxa, ramis divergentibus glabris vel scaberulis; glumae subaequales, acuminatae, 5-6 mm. longae, 1-3-nerves; lemma 7-9 mm. longum, attenuatum, glabrum ; palea ca. 5 mm. longa, minute bifida, summo scabra ; raehilla longivillosa, pilis 2-3 mm. longis. Culms tufted, erect, about 80 cm. high; sheaths elongate keeled, smooth, glabrous, mostly crowded at the base; ligule hairy, very short; blades elongate, flat, about 5 mm. wide, the margins very scabrous ; panicle 15 cm. long, lax, the bran ches naked toward the base, somewhat spreading, glabrous, or obscurely scabrous; glumes subequal, acuminate, 5-6 him. long, attenuate, several-nerved, glabrous; palea about 5 mm. long, minutely bifid, scabrous toward the summit; upper part of raehilla long-villous, the hairs 2-3 mm. long. Type in the United States National Herbarium, n°. 2011897, collected on river banks, Campo dos Padres, Bom Retiro, Santa Catarina, Brazil, altitude 2.000 meters, Decem ber 16, 1948, by P. R. Reitz (n°. 2398). Resembling Cortadeira parviflora Swallen, described from Venezuela, which differs in having long-villous lemmas and short hairs on the raehilla. Poa reitzii Swallen, sp. nov. Perennis; culmi robusti, erecti, 110 cm. alti; vaginae elongatae, compressae, glabrae; ligula firma, ca. 1 mm. lon ga; laminae usque ad 55 cm. longae, 4-7 mm. latae, glabrae, marginibus scabrae; panicula 17 cm. longa, densa, ramis adscendentibus, scabris, fasciculatis, usque ad 7 cm. longis; spiculae 5mm. longae, 3-florae; glumae acuminatae, prima 3 _ 9 SELLOWIA — ANAIS BOTÂNICOS do HBB — Nr. 7 (1956) mm. longa, 1-nervis, secunda 3.5 mm. longa, 3-nervis; lemma primum 4 mm. longum, acutum, basi dense villosum pilis lemmate longioribus, in carina et nervis lateralibus dense pubescentia. Perennial; culms coarse, erect, 110 cm. high; sheaths elongate, compressed, glabrous ; ligule firm, less than. 1 mm. long; blades as much as 55 cm. long, 4-7 mm. wide, glabrous, the margins scabrous; panicle 17 cm. long, rather dense, the scabrous branches ascending in somewhat distant fascicles, as much as 7 cm. long, long and short branches in the same fas cicle, the longer ones naked in the lower half, the short ones spikelet-bearing to the base or nearly so; spikelets 5 mm. long, 3-flowered; glumes acuminate, the first 3 mm long, 1-nerved, the second 3.5 mm. long, 3-nerved; lemmas acute, the first 4 mm. long, densely pubescent on the keels and lower part of the marginal nerves, the callus densely villous with hairs longer than the lemma. Type in the United States National Herbarium, n°. 2011894, collected in banhado, Campo dos Padres, Bom Reti ro, Santa Catarina, Brazil, altitude 1900 meters, December 16, 1948, by P. R. Reitz (n°. 2373). Sporobulus camporum Swallen, sp. nov. Perennis caespitosus; culmi erecti, ca. 1 m. alti; vaginae glabrae, superiores elongatae; laminae elongatae, involutae, in parte superiore planae usque ad 4 mm. latae, marginibus scabrae, basi longiciliatae; paniculae 20-26 cm. longae, ramis verticillatis, anguste adscendentibus, usque ad 7 cm. longis, glabris, basi nudis ; spiculae 4 mm. longae, appressae, glabrae; glumae acuminatae, secunda lemmate paulo longior, prima 1/2 brevior; lemma et palea aequalia, acuminata. Caespitose perennial; culms erect, about 1 m. high; sheaths smooth, those of the culm elongate; blades elongate, involute, becoming flat above, as much as 4 mm. wide, the margins scabrous, ciliate with long hairs toward the base; panicles 20-26 cm. long, the branches verticillate, narrowly ascending, as much as 7 cm. long, naked at the base for 2-3 j. ». SWAIXEN — New grasses from Santa Catarina cm., glabrous ; spikelets 4 mm. long, appressed, glabrous, the pedicels usually less than 1 mm. long ; glumes acuminate, the second slightly exceeding the floret, the first about half as long; lemma and palea equal, acuminate. Type in United States National Herbarium, n°. 2042484, collected on campo, São Joaquim, Santa Catarina, Brazil, al titude 1.200 meters, January 21-29, 1950, by P. R. Reitz (n°. 3431). This species is probably most closely related to Sporobolus multinodis Hack., which differs in having shorter, mostly spreading branches scattered on the axis, blades involute throughout, and scabrous spikelets. Calamagrostis reitzii Swallen, sp .nov. Perennis caespitosa; culmi graciles, erecti, glabri, ea. 55 cm. alti; vaginae inferiores internodiis longiores, pubescentes, superiores elongatae, glabrae; laminae planae, 6-9.5 cm. longae, 2-4 mm. latae, supra scabrae ; panicula 10 cm. longa, densa, laxa, ramis usque ad 3 cm. longis, basi nudis ; spiculae 6-7 mm. longae; glumae aequales, glabrae, carina scabrae; lemma 5.5-6 mm. longum, 5-nerve, costae medio aristatum, arista 9-13 mm. longa, divergens; rachilla 2 mm. longà, infra glabra, summo villosa, pilis 1.5 mm. longis ; calli pili densi, usque ad 5 mm. longi. Tufted perennial; culms slender, erect, glabrous, about 55 cm. high, the upper half naked; lower sheaths overlapping, pubescent, those of the culm elongate, glabrous ; ligule about 1 mm. long, membranaceous; blades flat, 6-9.5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, scabrous and very sparsely pilose on the upper surface; panicle 10 cm. long, purplish, rather dense but lax, the branches as much as 3 cm. long, somewhat spreading, na ked toward the base; spikelets 6-7 mm. long; glumes equal, glabrous, scabrous on the keel; lemma 5.5-6 mm. long, slightly erose at the tip, 5-nerved, glabrous, the awn inserted about the middle, 9-13 mm. long, slightly twisted, divergent; rachilla 2 mm. long, glabrous below, vilous above, the hairs 1.5 mm. long; callus densely hairy, the hairs as much as 5 mm. long. — il — SELLOVVIA — ANAIS BOTÂNICOS do HBR — Nr. 7 (1956) Type in the United States National Herbarium, n°. 2011896, collected in banhado, Campo dos Padres, Bom Re tiro, Santa Catarina, Brazil, altitude 1900 meters, December 16, 1948, by P. R. Reitz (n°. 2390). Related to Qalamagrostis longiaristata (Wedd.) Hack., which commonly is a larger plant with much smaller spike lets.