Prof. Dr. Lipke Bijdeley Holthuis and the Canary Islands carcinology: a tribute

ISSN 2183-279X (online edi ion) | doi: xx.xxxx/xxxxx-xxxx.xxxxxxxxx.x | A ailable online a : h p://bole im.cm- unchal.p BOLETIM MUSEU DE HISTÓRIA NATURAL DO FUNCHAL Vol. LXV (2015), A . 340: 5-11 Recei ed: 20 Oc obe 2014; A ailable online: 01 Decembe 2015; Published: 31 Decembe 2015 P o . D . Lipke Bijdeley Hol huis and he Cana y Islands ca cinology: a ibu e By José A. González 1 Wi h 4 igu es 1 EMAP – Ecología Ma ina Aplicada y Pesque ías, i-UNAT, Uni e sidad de Las Palmas de G an Cana ia, Campus Uni e si a io de Ta i a, 35017 Las Palmas de G an Cana ia, Spain. E-mail: pep[email p o ec ed] ABSTRACT: This pape is dedica ed o he memo y o he Du ch ca cinologis , Lipke Bijdeley Hol huis (1921-2008) as a ibu e o his legacy. His ca cinological in e es s and his con ibu ion o he ca cinology o he Cana y Islands a e summa ized. His disco e ies in he Cana ies wi hin he amewo k o he CANCAP p ojec , amongs o he g ea scien i ic expedi ions in he eas e n A lan ic, a e e e enced. Also highligh ed is he impo ance he a ibu ed o axonomy. Keywo ds: L. B. Hol huis, ibu e, ca cinology, Cana y Islands. RESUMO: Es e a igo é dedicado à memó ia do ca cinologis a holandês Lipke Bijdeley Hol huis (1921-2008), cons i uindo um ibu o ao seu legado. O au o suma iza os in e esses ca cinológicos de L. B. Hol huis e as suas con ibuições pa a a ca cinologia das Ilhas Caná ias. É ambém ei a e e ência à sua con ibuição no âmbi o do p oje o CANCAP, en e ou as g andes expedições cien í icas no A lân ico o ien al, e à impo ância que ele a ibuía à axonomia. Pala as-cha e: L. B. Hol huis, ibu o, ca cinologia, Ilhas Caná ias. Bole im do Museu de His ó ia Na u al do Funchal No. LXV, A . 3406 P o esso D . Lipke Bijdeley Hol huis was a “li ing encyclopaedia” who dedica ed his excep ional and in e es ing li e o he axonomy and sys ema ics o C us acea, zoological nomencla u e and he his o y and bibliog aphy o na u al his o y. He was also ega ded as “The ins i u ional Memo y” o he Leiden Museum whe e he wo ked o 67 yea s. Hol huis is conside ed one o he “undispu ed g ea s” o ca cinology and “ he g ea es ca cinologis o ou ime” ( F ansen & an Oijen , 2008; Pie e s & Cadée , 2009; F ansen e al., 2010). An ex ensi e Hol huis’ biog aphy was published by F ansen e al. (2010), including his ea ly yea s, educa ion, wo k a he Rijksmuseum an Na uu lijke His o ie (now Na u alis) in Leiden, collec ing and collec ions, ca cinological in e es s, C us aceana and edi o ship, he his o y o na u al his o y, nomencla u e, eaching, awa ds, “K abbela ia” (he collec ed e e y hing ela ed o C us acea), and publica ion s a is ics. His scien i ic ca ee s a ed in 1941 wi h his i s publica ions. His las publica ion was issued in 2009, many mon hs a e he passed away. In hose 69 yea s (1941-2009), he p oduced 620 i les. He was he mos p oli ic ca cinologis o he 20 h cen u y. This s eam o publica ions esul ed in he desc ip ion o 428 axa new o science, including 338 new species ( F ansen & an Oijen , 2008; F ansen e al., 2010). Excep o a ew plan axa, hese we e all c us aceans, wi h a clea bias owa ds he decapods (90%) ( F ansen e al., 2010). Fo a comple e lis ing o all publica ions by L. B. Hol huis see: www. eposi o y. na u alis.nl, o also see F ansen e al. (2010). L. B. Hol huis’ ca cinological in e es s and con ibu ions o he Cana y Islands ca cinology Hol huis s udied a ious g oups o C us acea: s oma opods (e.g. HOl Huis , 1941, 1984; HOl Huis e al., 1980), isopods (e.g. HOl Huis , 1949b), mysidaceans (e.g. HOl Huis & si e sen , 1967), ci ipeds (e.g. HOl Huis & si e sen , 1967), and g oups o decapods like sh imps, lobs e s ( HOl Huis , 1983), and ue c abs (e.g. den Ha Og & HOl Huis , 1984). A new isopod species om he Cana y Islands, Zonoph yxus dodecapus (Isopoda, Dajidae), was desc ibed by HOl Huis (1949b). Many yea s la e , a colou pho og aph o his ec opa asi e a ached o he op o he cephalo ho ax o a na wal sh imp (Plesionika na al) om he ype locali y, was i s published by me ( gOnzález , 1995). Ano he isopod (same species?) was also obse ed by me on s ipped soldie sh imps (Plesionika edwa dsii) om bo h he Cana y and he Cape Ve de Islands. In he la e 1940’s Hol huis s a ed o de o e mo e and mo e s udies o ca idean and s enopodidean sh imps (e.g. dOH n & HOl Huis , 1950; HOl Huis & Mau in , 1952; lewinsOHn & HOl Huis , 1978). The 1955 publica ion o keys o help iden i y ecen gene a o hese g oups o sh imps ( HOl Huis , 1955) was one o his ea ly seminal wo ks ha esul ed om hese s udies. His majo esea ch e o was di ec ed owa ds hese g oups o he es o his li e, culmina ing in a much e ised and ex ended e sion o he publica ion in he ea ly 1990s ( HOl Huis , 1993). A ema kable con ibu ion o he ca cinology o he Cana y Islands was ‘The Ca idean C us acea o he Cana y Islands’ ( HOl Huis , 1949a). This pape is based mainly on li o al ma e ial collec ed in he Cana ies du ing 1947 by D . G. Tho son o he Uni e si e s Zoologiske Museum a Copenhagen and, o a lesse ex en , by D . C. O. an Reg e en Al ena o he o me Rijksmuseum an Na uu lijke His o ie a Leiden. A ha ime, he sh imp auna o he Cana y Islands was e y poo ly known (jus se en species, mainly epo ed by ie a y Cla ijO (1799- 1810), B ullé (1837-1839), Helle (1863), KOelBel (1892), a HBun (1900) and Balss (1925)). The ma e ial examined by HOl Huis (1949a) consis ed o 12 species, nine o which we e no eco ded p e iously om he Cana y Islands, b inging he o al numbe o known ca idean species om ha a chipelago up o 16. As he e y ew da a abou he ca cinological auna o he egion we e sca e ed o e se e al publica ions, Hol huis hough i use ul o include in his pape , a compila ion o all he in o ma ion abou he Cana y Islands Ca idea (deep-sea species excluded) known o him. Hol huis poin ed ou ha one o he main easons ha he sh imps o he Cana ies we e so li le known, was p obably he inaccessibili y o he la ge pa o he sho es, which made collec ing possible only a ce ain places and a ce ain imes. The wo k o HOl Huis (1949a) is, he e o e, he i s anno a ed ca alogue o he ca idean sh imps om he Cana y Islands, including he i s eco d o Gna hophyllum ame icanum (Gna hophyllidae), Pe iclimenes sc ip us (Palaemonidae), La eu es uco um, Lysma a se icauda a and T achyca is es ic a (Hippoly idae), Aegaeon ca aph ac us (as Pon oca is ca aph ac a) and Philoche as ispinosus (as Pon oca is ispinosus) (C angonidae). The González, L. B. Hol huis and he Cana y Islands ca cinology: a ibu e2015 7 p esence o Gna hophyllum elegans (Gna hophyllidae), Palaemon se a us, P. xiphias (Palaemonidae) and A hanas ni escens (Alpheidae) in he Cana y Islands was also con i med by HOl Huis (1949a). As a esul o he Danish scien i ic expedi ion o he coas s o T opical Wes A ica in 1945-1946 on boa d he R/V “A lan ide”, HOl Huis (1951) made a ema kable con ibu ion o he knowledge o he Ca idea o his eas e n A lan ic egion, including he i s eco d o Hippoly e coe ulescens (Hippoly idae) om he Cana y Islands. Based on specimens om he No h A lan ic deep- sea collec ed by he 1910 No wegian expedi ion on boa d he essel “Michael Sa s”, si e sen & HOl Huis (1956) eco ded many decapod c us aceans o he i s ime om he Cana y Islands and adjacen wa e s: Acan hephy a enuipes (as A. g acilipes), A. s ylo os a is, He e ogenys mic oph halma (as Acan hephy a mic oph halma), Hymenodo a g acilis, Meningodo a esca and No os omus dis i us (Acan hephy idae), Sys ellaspis debilis (Oplopho idae), Nema oca cinus ensi e (Nema oca cinidae), He e oca pus g imaldii and Plesionika he e oca pus (Pandalidae). The p esence o S ylopandalus icha di (Pandalidae) in he Cana y Islands was also con i med by si e sen & HOl Huis (1956). Hol huis also kep his in e es in o he g oups, wi h nume ous s udies appea ing on Dend ob anchia a and a ious lobs e s g oups. This is e lec ed in he ex ensi e e e ence ca alogues he accumula ed o hese axa o e he pas six decades ( F ansen e al., 2010). As a esul o he F ench expedi ions on boa d he “T a ailleu ” (1882) o Mo occo and he Cana ies, and he “Talisman” (1883) be ween he S ai o Gib al a and he Cape Ve in Senegal, HOl Huis (1980a) epo ed on he iden i y o Ben honec es ilipes (as Hapalopoda in es iga o ) (Ben hesicymidae) and o he sh imps collec ed. Wi h he aid o hese ca alogues he p epa ed he anno a ed FAO species ca alogues on sh imps and p awns ( HOl Huis , 1980b, 1987), lobs e s ( HOl Huis , 1981a, 1987, 1991), and ue c abs ( HOl Huis , 1981b), which a e o in e es o ishe ies. His s udies on B achyu a gained momen um when his coope a ion wi h Raymond B. Manning s a ed in he 1970s ( F ansen e al., 2010). The i s majo p oduc o his coope a ion was he imp essi e s udy o Wes A ican B achyu an C abs ( Manning & HOl Huis , 1981), ollowed by he e ision o deep-sea ed c ab amily Ge yonidae ( Manning & HOl Huis , 1989), among o he c ab amilies. Fig. 1 – Lipke Bijdeley Hol huis in 1973. HOl Huis e al. (1980) i s eco ded he b own spiny lobs e Panuli us echina us (Palinu idae) om he Cana ies, and epo ed on i s es ic ed dis ibu ion in a ew locali ies o bo h he wes e n (NE B azil and o -sho e islands) and eas e n (Cana y and Cape Ve de Islands) A lan ic Ocean. Manning & HOl Huis (1981) su eyed he Wes A ican ma ine b achyu an c ab auna, comp ising 218 named species in 120 gene a and 26 amilies. Six een new gene a and 24 new species we e ecognized. Se e al o hese b achyu an species we e epo ed om he Cana y Islands, including he i s eco d o De oca cinus balssi (as Neo ogloca cinus balssi) (C yp ochi idae). Quo ing F ansen e al. (2010), “Hol huis insis ed ha axonomy was a co e biological discipline…This was e en du ing imes when axonomy was dismissed as i ele an and people locked o new disciplines, such as molecula science… Whils mode n day sys ema ic scien is s a e o en o ced by he aga ies o unding and he bu eauc a ic p essu e o de o e he majo i y o hei esea ch ime o he pu sui o phylogene ic publica ions, in a iably in highe p o ile jou nals, we would do well o emembe his i m s ance o ocus on collec ion expansion and ha mos undamen al o biological sciences, axonomy.”. Bole im do Museu de His ó ia Na u al do Funchal No. LXV, A . 3408 Fig. 2 – Lipke Bijdeley Hol huis in 1982. CANCAP Expedi ions and i s encou agemen o he ca cinology o he Cana y Islands In he amewo k o he CANCAP (Du ch ‘P ojec o ma ine biological esea ch in he CANa ian-CAPe e dean Region’) (1976-1986), se en expedi ions we e made on boa d he R/V “Tydeman” o he No h A lan ic, be ween Mo occo and Senegal, as well o he Maca onesian a chipelagos. These expedi ions included a se ies o sho e collec ing in Cana y Islands’ wa e s ( den Ha Og , 1984). As a esul , an eno mous amoun o ca cinological ma e ial was examined and many pape s we e published. Fo ins ance, a no e abou an in e es ing associa ion be ween Zoan ha ia species and he c ab Pla ypodiella pic a (Xan hidae), eco ded a his ime o he i s ime om he Cana ies, was published by den Ha Og & HOl Huis (1984). I had he oppo uni y o lead he ishing su ey campaign “Cana ias 85” on boa d he R/V “Talia e” in which, du ing June and July o 1985, we collec ed a lo o ishes and decapod c us aceans wi h longlines and po s in all he islands o he Cana y a chipelago be ween 100 and 1000 me e s o dep h. We ecei ed help om Lipke Hol huis and Cha les F ansen o he iden i ica ion o se e al c us aceans in subsequen yea s. The aunis ic and ishing esul s we e published by gOnzález e al. (1988). In he la e 1980’s and ea ly 1990’s, F ansen isi ed me wo o h ee imes a my labo a o y in he ‘Ins i u o Cana io de Ciencias Ma inas’ (a ha ime ‘Cen o de Tecnología Pesque a de G an Cana ia’), in o de o es ablish a coope a ion be ween his collec ing ac i i ies and ou iden i ica ion wo ks. Hol huis became cu a o o he Di ision o C us acea o he o me Rijksmuseum an Na uu lijke His o ie a Leiden, in 1950 and emained in his posi ion un il his e i emen in 1986. A ha ime, F ansen was a esea che a his Museum and wo king in he Hol huis’ g oup. Wi hin ha coope a i e a mosphe e, F ansen alked o me abou P o . D . Hol huis, handed me his las publica ions ( F ansen , 1990, 1991a, 1991b, among o he s) and encou aged me o enla ge my esea ch om ishes o decapod c us aceans. On he occasion o he 5 h Symposium Fauna and Flo a o he Cape Ve de Islands, held a Leiden in Oc obe o 1989, Cha les F ansen kindly in i ed me o s ay o a week a he Museum and in oduced me o Hol huis. My colleague and iend Manuel Biscoi o, a ma ine zoologis wo king as cu a o a he Funchal Na u al His o y Museum, accompanied us du ing ha un o ge able isi o Hol huis’ imp essi e o ice, who g ee ed us kindly, o e ing us a cup o ea ha he p epa ed a he ime and main aining an in e es ing con e sa ion wi h us. Ano he se ies o e en s ook place hose days. Manuel con ibu ed o his Symposium wi h p obably his seminal wo k on deep-sea decapod c us aceans (la e appea ed as BisCOi O , 1993), and kindly helped me wi h he English o my p esen a ion on he biology o he Maca onesian pa o ish. The e o e, i is absolu ely ue ha du ing ha s age o my ca ee , I ecei ed impo an p o essional in luences om Lipke B. Hol huis, Cha les F ansen and Manuel Biscoi o. Fig. 3 – Lipke Bijdeley Hol huis in 1995. González, L. B. Hol huis and he Cana y Islands ca cinology: a ibu e2015 9 My s udies on c us aceans gained momen um when his coope a ion wi h hese colleagues commenced and also due o he ac we had o deal wi h many specimens belonging o new o poo ly known species om he Cana y Islands wa e s. Since 1988 ( gOnzález e al., 1988), o da e, ishes apa , I ha e au ho ed o co-au ho ed 53 i les on axonomy, biology, conse a ion o ishe ies o mysidaceans, ci ipeds and mainly decapods (94%) ( iay- PO ella e al., 2014; BisCOi O e al., 2015). Fou een o hese a icles (26%) appea ed be o e Decembe o 1995 (mainly in na ional o Maca onesian jou nals) and 39 publica ions (74%) a e his da e (mainly a icles in pee - e iewed jou nals and books). In ea ly 1995, I sen a le e ( he e was no email) o F ansen, asking o his c i ical e iew o a d a manusc ip on he decapod c us aceans om he Cana y Islands. In ha le e I also asked o a p ologue, as well as pho og aphs o he g ea Eu opean ca cinologis s whose wo k has con ibu ed o he knowledge o decapods o he Cana ies o illus a e my wo k. Then some hing amazing happened. I was in o med by Hol huis ha F ansen was cu en ly pa icipa ing in expedi ions in Asia and would no e u n be o e he scheduled da e o he publica ion o he manusc ip . Hol huis he e o e kindly accep ed o add ess all my eques s in F ansen’s absence. As he manusc ip was in Spanish and Hol huis’ knowledge o his language was e y limi ed, mis akes on eco ds and/o dis ibu ion o species om he Cana ies a e a ibu able only o me. Hol huis ga e me excellen pho og aphs o illus a e he his o y chap e on ca cinology o he Cana y Islands (see gOnzález , 1995), and also p epa ed a magni icen p ologue o accompany his po ai . Un il he las day o my li e I shall be indeb ed o Hol huis and F ansen; hei ad ice, li e a u e, suppo and assis ance made he publica ion o my anno a ed and illus a ed “Ca álogo de los c us áceos decápodos de las islas Cana ias” possible, including 266 decapod species egula ly occu ing in he Cana y Islands wa e s, wi h mo e han 200 o iginal colou pho og aphs o mo e han 100 species. In his p e ace ( HOl Huis , 1995) o my ca alogue ( gOnzález , 1995), Hol huis (Fig. 3) kindly w o e ha , “like he book o za iquiey (1968) on he Ibe ian decapods is being used h oughou he Medi e anean and wes e n Eu ope by all p o essionals and ama eu ca cinologis s, his publica ion o D . González will anscend a beyond he a ea o he Cana y Islands and shall also be consul ed by specialis s and en husias s in he b oades sense.”. I am con inced ha he eachings and encou agemen o my h ee men o s we e ins umen al in my ca ee as a ma ine axonomis , pa - ime be ween ca cinology and ich hyology due o many esea ch p ojec s in he Cana y Islands egion and Maca onesia sensu la o (Cape Ve de Islands and sou he n Mo occo and Wes e n Saha a included) in which I ha e pa icipa ed. My g ea o une and oppo uni y was ha my h ee men o s came my way, encou aging me o eel passion o axonomy, nomencla u e and he e ymology o ma ine ishes and c us aceans. Fig. 4 – Lipke Bijdeley Hol huis in 2007. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The au ho is indeb ed o Cha les H. J. M. F ansen, o he Ne he lands Cen e o Biodi e si y-Na u alis in Leiden, o kindly p o iding use ul e e ences and he pho og aphs and o Manuel J. Biscoi o, o he Funchal Na u al His o y Museum (MMF), Madei a, Po ugal, o se e al use ul commen s on his manusc ip . Bo h colleagues ha e also helped me by c i ically e iewing his con ibu ion. Thanks a e also due o F ancesca Zino, co-edi o o he MMF scien i ic publica ions, o e ising he English. REFERENCES BALSS, H.: 1925. Mac u a de Deu schen Tie see-Expedi ion. 2. Na an ia, Teil A. Wissenscha liche E gebnisse de Deu schen Tie see-Expedi ion Valdi ia, 20 (5): 217-315. BISCOITO, M. J.: 1993. An accoun o he sh imps o he amily Pandalidae (C us acea, Decapoda, Ca idea) in Madei an wa e s. Cou ie Fo schungsins i u Senckenbe g, 159: 321-325. BISCOITO, M., M. FREITAS, J. G. PAJUELO, R. TRIAY-PORTELLA, J. I. SANTANA, A. L. COSTA, J. DELGADO & J. A. GONZÁLEZ: 2015. Sex-s uc u e, dep h dis ibu ion, in e moul Bole im do Museu de His ó ia Na u al do Funchal No. LXV, A . 34010 pe iod and ep oduc i e pa e n o he deep-sea ed c ab Chaceon a inis (B achyu a, Ge yonidae) in wo popula ions in he no h-eas e n A lan ic. Deep-Sea Resea ch Pa I, 95: 99-114. BRULLÉ, M.: 1837-1839. C us acés. En: P. B. Webb e S. 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