Observation of an excess of dicharmonium events in the four-muon final state with the ATLAS detector

Observation of an Excess of Dicharmonium Events in the Four-Muon Final State with the ATLAS Detector G. Aad et al.* (ATLAS Collaboration) (Received 19 April 2023; revised 31 May 2023; accepted 11 August 2023; published 13 October 2023) A search is made for potential cc¯ c¯ ctetraquarks decaying into a pair of charmonium states in the four muon final state using proton-proton collision data at ffiffiffis p¼13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1recorded by the ATLAS experiment at LHC. Two decay channels, J=ψþJ=ψ→ 4μand J=ψþψð2SÞ→4μ, are studied. Backgrounds are estimated based on a hybrid approach involving Monte Carlo simulations and data-driven methods. Statistically significant excesses with respect to backgrounds dominated by the single parton scattering are seen in the di-J=ψchannel consistent with a narrow resonance at 6.9 GeVand a broader structure at lower mass. A statistically significant excess is also seen in the J=ψþψð2SÞchannel. The fitted masses and decay widths of the structures are reported. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.151902 Beyond the conventional mesons (q¯ q) and baryons (qqq or ¯ q¯ q¯ q), exotic hadrons composed of four (qq¯ q¯ q)orfive quarks (qqqq¯ q) are also allowed under color confinement. The Xð3872Þparticle discovered by Belle in 2003 was the first tetraquark (TQ) candidate [1], and was followed by a series of further candidates designated as X,Y, and Z states [2]. In 2020, LHCb observed a narrow Xð6900Þ structure in the di-J=ψchannel [3]. The structure could be interpreted as a tetraquark with four charm quarks, Tcc¯ c¯ c[4–11]. An additional enhancement closer to the diJ=ψmass threshold was also observed in the LHCb data. Since the 6.9 GeV LHCb resonance is above the J=ψþ ψð2SÞmass threshold, a structure in the J=ψþψð2SÞ channel is also possible. Both channels are investigated by ATLAS in a quite different phase space region from LHCb, and the new channel of J=ψþψð2SÞprovides more information for dicharmonium excesses. For example in some predictions, the two channels are coupled via Pomeron exchange between the two charmonia, and Xð6900Þis dynamically produced [12]. A search in the 4μfinal state produced through the diJ=ψand J=ψþψð2SÞchannels is carried out, using 140 fb−1of LHC proton-proton (pp) data collected by the ATLAS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of ffiffiffis p¼ 13 TeV between the years 2015 and 2018. Only the data where all detector systems are functional and recording high-quality data are used. The ATLAS detector [13] covers nearly the entire solid angle around the collision point [ATLAS uses a right-handed coordinate system with its origin at the nominal interaction point (IP) and the zaxis along the beam pipe. The xaxis points from the IP to the center of the LHC ring, and the yaxis points upwards.] with layered tracking detectors, calorimeters, and muon chambers. The muon and tracking systems are of particular importance in the reconstruction of charmonia. The inner tracking detector (ID) consists of a silicon pixel detector, a silicon microstrip detector and a transition radiation tracker. The muon spectrometer (MS) surrounds the calorimeters and consists of three large superconducting air-core toroids with eight coils each, a system of tracking chambers, and detectors for triggering. Muons are reconstructed using information from the ID and MS systems. Background processes are estimated partly by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and partly from data. The main backgrounds are dicharmonium production via single parton scattering (SPS) [14–20], and double parton scattering (DPS) [21–27], nonprompt J=ψproduction from b-hadron decays, prompt single J=ψproduction and nonresonant dimuon production. P YTHIA 8.244 [28] is used to generate SPS, DPS, and nonprompt dicharmonium events. Both the color-singlet and color-octet intermediate states are included for J=ψand ψð2SÞ. The A14 [29] set of parameter values and the NNPDF23LO [30] parton distribution functions (PDF) [31] are used. PHOTOS 3.61 [32] is applied to simulate final state radiation in particle decays. The remaining backgrounds that contain a single or no charmonium are modeled using the data. The data sample was collected with triggers requiring eithertwomuonswithinvariantmasscompatiblewithJ=ψor ψð2SÞmesons (mass in the range of [2.5,4.3] GeV), or three muons containing at least one such dimuon pair [33,34]. Combinations of triggers with different prescales [35] depending on the run period are used to give the largest *Full author list given at the end of the Letter. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) Editors' Suggestion 0031-9007=23=131(15)=151902(22) 151902-1 © 2023 CERN, for the ATLAS Collaboration acceptance. The trigger efficiency for the Xð6900Þrelative to theoff-lineselectionis about72%.DedicatedATLASoff-line software is used to reconstruct the charmonium and 4μ candidates in each event recorded by the triggers. In each eventcontainingat leastfourmuonswithtwoopposite-charge pairs, the ID tracks are fit to a common vertex. Afterwards, each vertex of the two pairs is refit with a J=ψor ψð2SÞmass constraint [36]. The resolution of the TQ mass with these mass constraints (m4μ) is about 0.33% for Xð6900Þ. Theloose identificationselectioncriteria[37]arerequired for all muon candidates. Depending on the muon trigger thresholds and muon identification requirements, different muon momenta on the four muons are required. Several requirements are imposed on the following variables to further suppress the background: the vertex fit quality based on χ2per degrees of freedom N, the signed distances between the primary (The primary interaction vertex is thecollisionvertexreconstructedexcludingthe4μcandidate tracks and with the smallest distance of closest approach in z from the 4μvertex.) and reconstructed 4μvertices (L4μ xy), and between the former vertices and the dimuon massconstrained subvertices (Ldi-μ xy ). Events with ΔR<0.25 (The angular distance is defined as ΔR¼ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi Δη2þΔϕ2 p, with ηand ϕbeing the pseudorapidity and azimuthal angle of a particle, respectively.) between the two reconstructed charmonia are used to study the signal, whereas events with ΔR≥0.25 are used to validate the shape of the 4μmass distribution for the SPS background and constrain its normalization. The shape of the signal 4μmass distribution is not much affected by ΔRas well as muon pTrequirements. A summary of the kinematic requirements for the analysis regions is listed in Table I. The SPS and DPS backgrounds contain two prompt charmonia and are modeled by MC simulations. Because the event generator does not reproduce the data distributions well, kinematic corrections are derived from two dedicated control regions. Since SPS (DPS) events are characterized by two charmonia which are nearby (distant) in η−ϕspace, the control region is defined with a 4μmass sideband within [7.5, 12] GeV ([14, 24.5] GeV) without the ΔRrequirement. The corrections are implemented by assigning event weights to MC simulations such that distributions of kinematic variables such as di-J=ψpT, Δϕand Δηbetween charmonia, and the lowest muon pT match the data in the control regions. The corrections are then applied to all mass regions and the SPS modeling is validated in the ΔR>0.25 control region. The nonprompt background also contains two charmonia, albeit originating from b-hadron decays. These typically contain a decay vertex that is displaced from the primary pp interaction. This background is also modeled using MC simulation, but normalized and validated by dedicated control regions obtained by reversing the vertex quality requirements as shown in Table I. Events from prompt single charmonium production and nonresonant dimuon production are collectively called “Others,”and have at least one charmonium candidate containing random combinations of mostly fake muons. Fake muons aretracks,typicallycharged hadrons, that are misidentified as muons. A data-driven method is used because MC simulations do not accurately estimatethiskindofbackground.Afakemuoncontrolregion from data is used to model the Others background, which is defined by requiring that one charmonium candidate contains a track that is not reconstructed as a muon candidate, withallthe other requirementskept unchanged. Eventsin the charmonium mass sidebands are used for both the normalization and shape corrections for Others. In the di-J=ψchannel, events from resonances in the J=ψþψð2SÞchannel via ψð2SÞ→J=ψþX,ψð2SÞ→ γχcJ, and χcJ →γJ=ψ, where particles other than di-J=ψ are ignored, are included as the feed-down background. The feed-down events normalization in di-J=ψ(Nfd) and the fitted signal yield in J=ψþψð2SÞ(N) are related by Nfd ¼B0ϵ0 Bðψð2SÞ→μμÞϵN; ð1Þ where ϵ(ϵ0) is the signal (feed-down) efficiency in J=ψþψð2SÞ(di-J=ψ), and the branching fraction B0¼½Bðψð2SÞ→J=ψþXÞþBðψð2SÞ→γχcJÞBðχcJ → γJ=ψÞBðJ=ψ→μμÞ, where X¼πþπ−;π0π0;η;π0. The systematic uncertainty on Nfd is dominated by the uncertainty on N. Unbinned maximum likelihood fits are performed to extract the signal information from data in the 4μmass spectra. The likelihood used for the fit is L¼LSRð  θ;  λÞ·LCRð  θÞ·Y K j¼1 Gðθ0 j;θj;σjÞ;ð2Þ TABLE I. Summary of event selection requirements for different regions. Signal region Control region Nonprompt region Dimuon or trimuon triggers, oppositely charged muons from each charmonium, loose muons, p1;2;3;4 T>4;4;3;3GeV and jη1;2;3;4j<2.5for the four muons, mJ=ψ∈½2.94;3.25GeV, or mψð2SÞ∈½3.56;3.80GeV, Loose vertex requirements χ2 4μ=N < 40 (N¼5) and χ2 di-μ=N < 100 (N¼2), Vertex χ2 4μ=N < 3,L4μ xy <0.2mm, jLdi-μ xy j<0.3mm, m4μ<11 GeV, Vertex χ2 4μ=N > 6, or jLdi-μ xy j>0.4mm ΔR<0.25 between charmonia ΔR≥0.25 between charmonia PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-2 where LSR (LCR) is the likelihood in the signal (control) region,  λare the parameters of interest, θjare nuisance parameters (NP) which account for systematic uncertainties shared between the two regions. Each NP has a Gaussian distribution constraint with a subsidiary measurement θ0 j,a mean θjand a width set to σj¼1by construction. Only the background yields in the control regions are used in simultaneous fits with the signal regions. Background yields in the two regions are related by a transfer factor obtained from MC predictions and data-driven estimations, with systematic variations for both components. In the di-J=ψchannel, the feed-down normalized by Eq. (1) is included as an additional background, and two fit models are considered. In model A, the signal probability density function in LSR consists of three interfering S-wave Breit-Wigner (BW) resonances multiplied with a phase space factor and convolved with a mass resolution function, which gives fsðxÞ¼X 2 i¼0 zi m2 i−x2−imiΓiðxÞ 2ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi 1− 4m2 J=ψ x2 s⊗RðθÞ;ð3Þ where mi[ΓiðxÞ] are the masses (widths) of resonances, zi are complex numbers representing the relative magnitudes and phases (z1is fixed to unity with zero phase for this purpose), ΓiðxÞ¼Γiðmi=xÞðq=qiÞ, where q(qi) is the momentum of one charmonium in the rest frame of the dicharmonium system at the invariant mass equal to x(mi)[38], and Ris the mass resolution function. The mi terms are ordered by the subscripts. In model B,two resonances are considered. The first one interferes with the SPS background, while the second is standalone. The signal þSPS probability distribution function gives fðxÞ¼ z0 m2 0−x2−im0Γ0ðxÞþAðxÞeiϕ 2 þ z2 m2 2−x2−im2Γ2ðxÞ 2ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi 1− 4m2 J=ψ x2 s⊗RðθÞ;ð4Þ where AðxÞand ϕare the SPS background amplitude and phase relative to the resonance at m0(jAðxÞj2reproduces the noninterfering SPS background from the MC prediction). In this model, the control region becomes irrelevant and is excluded from the likelihood given in Eq. (2). Models Aand Bare analogous to models I and II of the LHCb study [3], respectively. However, interferences between the signal resonances are introduced in model A, which is not done in the analysis by LHCb. The number of resonances in model Astarts from one and increases to three with the fit quality gradually improving. A 4th resonance is added only for systematics, as the fit quality does not improve appreciably. For comparison, a two-resonance model with interference, and a three-resonance model without interferences, are also tried. It is found that when compared with model A, these models are excluded with a confidence level of more than 95% based on toy MC studies. In the J=ψþψð2SÞchannel, two fit models are also considered. Model αassumes that the same interfering resonances observed in the di-J=ψchannel also decay into J=ψþψð2SÞ,inaddition to astand-alonefourthresonance in thischannel.The signalprobabilitydistributionfunction gives fsðxÞ¼X 2 i¼0 zi m2 i−x2−imiΓiðxÞ 2 þ z3 m2 3−x2−im3Γ3ðxÞ 2 ×ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi 1−mJ=ψþmψð2SÞ x2 s⊗RðθÞ;ð5Þ where the parameters of the first three resonances, whose contribution appears as a structure just above the mJ=ψþmψð2SÞmass threshold, are fixed to the values from thefittothe di-J=ψchannel. In contrast, model βassumesa single resonance in this channel [i.e., without the z0;1;2 terms in Eq. (5)]. The systematic uncertainties are classified into those affecting exclusively normalizations, and those affecting the mass spectrum shape as well. Only the latter are relevant, since the signal and background normalizations are freely floating parameters. The systematic uncertainties in m4μ, with and without the muon momentum calibration corrections, are treated as resolution uncertainties. Because the resolution of the m4μis mass dependent and a constant mass is used in the nominal fit, resolutions in different mass ranges are treated as systematic uncertainties. A shape uncertainty is assigned to account for bin-to-bin fluctuations from the limited MC sample size for backgrounds. In the SPS background, a P YTHIA model parameter uncertainty from pT0timesMPI [28], which controls the suppression of the soft double charmonia production, is assigned, and its nominal value is tuned to data in the SPS control region. A shape uncertainty in the background due to residual dicharmonium pTmismodeling is applied. Based on toy MC studies, biases from the fit in the resonance parameters are also considered as systematic uncertainties. The Pand D-wave BW functions are substituted for the Swave for resonances away from the threshold to estimate systematic uncertainties due to different orbital angular momentum assumptions. (The first resonance at the threshold is always assumed to be S wave, as the data has no constraining power for its width when L¼1, 2.) Systematic shape variations in the Xð6900Þin the di-J=ψchannel, and in the second resonance for the J=ψþψð2SÞchannel due to the ΔRand muon pTrequirements are considered as well. In the diJ=ψchannel, a 4th resonance around 7.2 GeV (hinted by the LHCb analysis) is added to the fit, and the feed-down background normalizations are varied according to the PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-3 uncertainties in J=ψþψð2SÞ. The transfer factor uncertainty is dominated by the SPS model parameter, so it is not treated as a separate NP. In the J=ψþψð2SÞchannel, the uncertainty in a transfer factor between the signal and control regions, and a shape uncertainty derived from the nonprompt region due to Others (shape inconsistency), are included. Interference between the 4th resonance and the other ones are included in systematic uncertainties. In model α, systematic uncertainties on the lower resonance shape from the di-J=ψchannel model Afit are also included. Other systematic uncertainties such as the parton PDF and Pythia parameters affect signal and background normalizations only, and are not incorporated in the fits. The 4μmass spectra fit to data in the two channels are shown in Fig. 1. The fitted masses and widths of resonances are given in Table II. Both the significance of all resonances, and the one for Xð6900Þalone, far exceed 5σ. (The asymptotic formula based on the profile likelihood ratio, Z¼ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi 2ln½Lðˆ s; ˆ θÞ=Lð0; ˆ ˆ θÞ q, is used to calculate the overall significance, where sis the signal yield and θare NPs [39]. Similarly for Xð6900Þalone, Z¼ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi 2ln½Lðˆz3; ˆ θÞ=Lð0; ˆ ˆ θÞ q is used. In the calculations, the signal shape parameters are 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 [GeV] P4 m 200 100 0 100 200 300 400 Events / 0.04 GeV Sig. + Bkg. Background Bkg. w/o Feed-down Sig. w/o Int. Sig. Int. Data ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 140 fbs \di-J/ (a) 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 [GeV] P4 m 200 100 0 100 200 300 400 Events / 0.04 GeV Sig. + Bkg. + Bkg. + Int. 0 BW Bkg. w/o Feed-down Sig. w/o Int. Interference Data ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 140 fbs \di-J/ (b) 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 [GeV] P4 m 0 10 20 30 40 50 Events / 0.075 GeV Sig. + Bkg. Background Signal Data ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 140 fbs (2S)\+\J/ (c) 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 [GeV] P4 m 0 10 20 30 40 50 Events / 0.075 GeV Sig. + Bkg. Background Signal Data ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 140 fbs (2S)\+\J/ (d) FIG. 1. The fit to the mass spectra in the signal regions in the di-J=ψ(a,b) and J=ψþψð2SÞ(c,d) channels. Fit results for models A (a), B (b), α(c), and β(d) are shown. The purple dash-dotted lines represent the components of individual resonances, and the green short dashed ones represent the interferences among them. TABLE II. The fitted masses and natural widths (in GeV), and relative uncertainties of signal yields (Δs=s) in the di-J=ψand J=ψþψð2SÞchannels. The results of both the models are given in each channel. The first uncertainties are statistical while the second ones are systematic. Di-J=ψModel A Model B m06.41 0.08þ0.08 −0.03 6.65 0.02þ0.03 −0.02 Γ00.59 0.35þ0.12 −0.20 0.44 0.05þ0.06 −0.05 m16.63 0.05þ0.08 −0.01  Γ10.35 0.11þ0.11 −0.04 m26.86 0.03þ0.01 −0.02 6.91 0.01 0.01 Γ20.11 0.05þ0.02 −0.01 0.15 0.03 0.01 Δs=s 5.1%þ8.1% −8.9%  J=ψþψð2SÞModel αModel β m37.22 0.03þ0.01 −0.04 6.96 0.05 0.03 Γ30.09 0.06þ0.06 −0.05 0.51 0.17þ0.11 −0.10 Δs=s 21%þ25% −15% 20% 12% PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-4 all fixed to their best-fit values.) The mass of the third resonance, m2, is consistent with the LHCb mass. Although both the models Aand Bdescribe the data well, the broad structure at the lower mass could result from other physical effects, such as the feed-down from higher dicharmonium resonances, e.g., Tcc¯ c¯ c→χcJχcJ0→J=ψJ=ψγγ where the soft photons are not reconstructed. In the J=ψþψð2SÞ channel, the signal significance with signal shape parameters of model α(β) fixed to their best-fit values is 4.7σ (4.3σ). In the fit with model α, the significance of the second resonance alone is found to be 3.0σ. In conclusion, the results of a search for potential cc¯ c¯ c tetraquarks decaying into a pair of J=ψcharmonium states, or into a J=ψand ψð2SÞ, in the 4μfinal state are presented based on pp collisions data collected by the ATLAS experiment at ffiffiffis p¼13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. A significant excess of events (far exceeding 5σ) in data above the expected background is observed in the di-J=ψchannel. Analogous to LHCb observations, a broad structure at lower mass and a resonance around 6.9 GeV are observed. A three-resonance model with interferences, or a model with the lower broad structure interfering with the SPS background, describes the excess better than models with fewer interfering resonances orwith no interferences.In theJ=ψþψð2SÞchannel,a 4.7σ excess of events is observed when considering a model involving two resonances, one of which is near the 6.9 GeV threshold. In both channels, details of the lower-mass structure cannot be discerned directly from the data, and other interpretations (e.g., multiple noninterfering resonances, reflection effects and threshold enhancements) cannot beexcluded.Moredataarerequiredtobettercharacterizethe excesses observed in both channels. We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC, and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST, and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TENMAK, Türkiye; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, USA. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, Compute Canada and CRC, Canada; PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020 and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d’Avenir Labex, Investissements d’Avenir Idex, and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales, and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/ GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK), and BNL (USA), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in Ref. [40]. Appendix.—Signal events are simulated with the event generator JHU [41] and CTEQ6L1 PDF [42], or with 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 's / 0.02 GeV\J/ 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 [GeV] \J/ m 0.5 1 1.5 Data/Pred. (a) 100 200 300 400 500 Events / 0.10 GeV 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 [GeV] P4 m 0.5 1 1.5 Data/Pred. (b) 10 20 30 40 50 60 Events / 0.10 GeV 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 [GeV] P4 m 0.5 1 1.5 Data/Pred. (c) FIG. 2. The J=ψmass spectrum with 6.7GeV <m 4μ<7.1GeV (a) and the 4μmass spectrum (b) in the signal region in the di-J=ψ channel, and the similar mass spectrum in the J=ψþψð2SÞchannel (c). The signal from the Xð6900Þis scaled to match data around 6.9 GeV. The bars and shaded areas represent uncertainties of data and predictions in each bin, respectively. The arrows in the lower panel indicate that the ratio of data to prediction is out of range in that bin. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-5 (a) (b) (c) FIG. 4. The 4μmass spectrum within [7.5, 24.5] GeVand without the ΔRrequirement (a), pTof the dicharmonium in the SPS control region with 7.5GeV <m 4μ<12.0GeV (b), and Δηbetween the charmonia in the DPS control region with 14.0GeV <m 4μ< 24.5GeV (c), in the di-J=ψchannel. (a) (b) FIG. 3. The 4μmass spectra in the control regions with ΔR≥0.25 in the di-J=ψ(a) and J=ψþψð2SÞ(b) channels. The bars and shaded areas represent uncertainties of data and predictions in each bin, respectively. The arrows in the lower panel indicate that the ratio of data to prediction is out of range in that bin. (a) (b) (c) FIG. 5. The 4μmass spectrum within [7.5, 24.5] GeVand without the ΔRrequirement (a), pTof the dicharmonium in the SPS control region with 7.5GeV <m 4μ<12.0GeV (b), and Δηbetween the charmonia in the DPS control region with 14.0GeV <m 4μ< 24.5GeV (c), in the J=ψþψð2SÞchannel. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-6 PYTHIA and the NNPDF23LO PDF. Feed-down backgrounds from the J=ψþψð2SÞchannel to di-J=ψ are included. A natural width of 100 MeV is assumed for all the resonances with no interference between them. An extensive software suite [43] is used in data simulation [44], in the reconstruction and analysis of real and simulated data, in detector operations, and in the trigger and data acquisition systems of the experiment. The MC simulated events are weighted to reproduce the same number of pp interactions per bunch crossing (pileup) and trigger conditions as occur in data. The J=ψand 4μmass distributions of data and predictions in the signal regions of the two channels before the fits are shown in Figs. 2(a)–2(c). Similar structures were also observed by CMS [45].Similar4μmass distributions in the control regions are shown in Fig. 3. Distributions in the SPS and DPS control regions without the ΔRrequirement between the charmonia are shown in Figs. 4–5. The systematic uncertainties in the fitted masses and widths of the highest resonances in models Aand αof the two channels are summarized in Table III. [1] Belle Collaboration, Observation of a Narrow Charmoniumlike State in Exclusive B→Kπþπ−J=ψDecays, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 262001 (2003). [2] S. L. Olsen, T. Skwarnicki, and D. Zieminska, Nonstandard heavy mesons and baryons: Experimental evidence, Rev. Mod. Phys. 90, 015003 (2018). [3] LHCb Collaboration, Observation of structure in the J=ψpair mass spectrum, Sci. Bull. 65, 1983 (2020). [4] Y. Iwasaki, A possible model for new resonances-exotics and hidden charm, Prog. Theor. Phys. 54, 492 (1975). [5] K.-T. Chao, The (cc)-(cc) (diquark—anti-diquark) states in eþe−annihilation, Z. Phys. C 7, 317 (1981). [6] J. Wu, Y.-R. Liu, K. Chen, X. Liu, and S.-L. Zhu, Heavyflavored tetraquark states with the QQ ¯ Q¯ Qconfiguration, Phys. Rev. D 97, 094015 (2018). [7] M. N. Anwar, J. Ferretti, F.-K. Guo, E. Santopinto, and B.-S. Zou, Spectroscopy and decays of the fully-heavy tetraquarks, Eur. Phys. J. C 78, 647 (2018). [8] V. R. Debastiani and F. S. Navarra, A non-relativistic model for the ½cc½¯ c¯ ctetraquark, Chin. Phys. C 43, 013105 (2019). [9] M.-S. Liu, Q.-F. Lü, X.-H. Zhong, and Q. Zhao, All-heavy tetraquarks, Phys. Rev. D 100, 016006 (2019). [10] C. Becchi, J. Ferretti, A. Giachino, L. Maiani, and E. Santopinto, A study of cc¯ c¯ ctetraquark decays in 4 muons and in DðÞ ¯ DðÞ at LHC, Phys. Lett. B 811, 135952 (2020). [11] M. A. Bedolla, J. Ferretti, C. D. Roberts, and E. Santopinto, Spectrum of fully-heavy tetraquarks from a diquark þ antidiquark perspective, Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 1004 (2020). [12] C. Gong, M.-C. Du, Q. Zhao, X.-H. Zhong, and B. Zhou, Nature of X(6900) and its production mechanism at LHCb, Phys. Lett. B 824, 136794 (2022). [13] ATLAS Collaboration, The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, J. Instrum. 3, S08003 (2008). [14] C.-F. Qiao, J=ψpair production at the Fermilab Tevatron, Phys. Rev. D 66, 057504 (2002). [15] C.-F. Qiao, L.-P. Sun, and P. Sun, Testing charmonium production mechamism via the polarized J=psi pair production at the LHC, J. Phys. G 37, 075019 (2010). [16] J.-P. Lansberg and H.-S. Shao, Production of J=ψþηc Versus J=ψþJ=ψat the LHC: Importance of Real α5 s Corrections, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 122001 (2013). [17] J.-P. Lansberg and H.-S. Shao, J=ψ-pair production at large momenta: Indications for double parton scatterings and large α5 scontributions, Phys. Lett. B 751, 479 (2015). [18] L.-P. Sun, H. Han, and K.-T. Chao, Impact of J=ψpair production at the LHC and predictions in nonrelativistic QCD, Phys. Rev. D 94, 074033 (2016). [19] S. P. Baranov and A. H. Rezaeian, Prompt double J=ψ production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 93, 114011 (2016). [20] A. K. Likhoded, A. V. Luchinsky, and S. V. Poslavsky, Production of J=ψþχcand J=ψþJ=ψwith real gluon emission at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 94, 054017 (2016). [21] G. Calucci and D. Treleani, Proton structure in transverse space and the effective cross section, Phys. Rev. D 60, 054023 (1999). [22] A. Del Fabbro and D. Treleani, Scale factor in double parton collisions and parton densities in transverse space, Phys. Rev. D 63, 057901 (2001). [23] C. H. Kom, A. Kulesza, and W. J. Stirling, Pair Production of J=ψas a Probe of Double Parton Scattering at LHCb, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 082002 (2011). [24] S. P. Baranov, A. M. Snigirev, N. P. Zotov, A. Szczurek, and W. Schäfer, Interparticle correlations in the production of J=ψpairs in proton-proton collisions, Phys. Rev. D 87, 034035 (2013). [25] D. d’Enterria and A. M. Snigirev, Enhanced J=ψ-pair production from double-parton scatterings in nucleusnucleus collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, Phys. Lett. B727, 157 (2013). TABLE III. Different sources of systematic uncertainty in the mass and natural width (in MeV) of the third (second) resonance in model A (α) of the di-J=ψ[J=ψþψð2SÞ] channel. Di-J=ψJ=ψþψð2SÞ Systematic uncertainties (MeV) m2Γ2m3Γ3 Muon calibration 67<11 SPS model parameter 77<1 SPS dicharmonium pT78<1 Background MC sample size 781<1 Mass resolution 4−3−1þ2 −4 Fit bias −13 þ10 þ9 −10 þ50 −16 Shape inconsistency <146 Transfer factor  523 Presence of 4th resonance <1 Feed-down þ4 −1þ6 −2 Interference of 4th resonance  −32 −11 Pand D-wave BW þ9þ19 <11 ΔRand muon pTrequirements þ3 −2þ6 −4þ1 −2−2 Lower resonance shape  þ3 −7þ31 −34 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-7 [26] Z.-G. He and B. A. Kniehl, Complete Nonrelativistic-QCD Prediction for Prompt Double J=ψHadroproduction, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 022002 (2015). [27] C. Borschensky and A. Kulesza, Double parton scattering in pair production of J=ψmesons at the LHC revisited, Phys. Rev. D 95, 034029 (2017). [28] T. Sjöstrand, S. Ask, J. R. Christiansen, R. Corke, N. Desai, P. Ilten, S. Mrenna, S. Prestel, C. O. Rasmussen, and P. Z. Skands, An introduction to PYTHIA 8.2,Comput. Phys. Commun. 191, 159 (2015). [29] ATLAS Collaboration, ATLAS PYTHIA 8tunes to 7 TeV data, Report No. ATL-PHYS-PUB-2014-021, 2014, https:// cds.cern.ch/record/1966419. [30] R. D. Ball, V. Bertone et al. (The NNPDF Collaboration), Parton distributions for the LHC Run II, J. High Energy Phys. 04 (2015) 040. [31] R. D. Ball et al., Parton distributions with LHC data, Nucl. Phys. B867, 244 (2013). [32] N. Davidson, T. Przedzinski, and Z. Was, PHOTOS Interface in C++: Technical and physics documentation, Comput. Phys. Commun. 199, 86 (2016). [33] ATLAS Collaboration, Performance of the ATLAS trigger system in 2015, Eur. Phys. J. C 77, 317 (2017). [34] ATLAS Collaboration, Performance of the ATLAS muon triggers in Run 2, J. Instrum. 15, P09015 (2020). [35] ATLAS Collaboration, Operation of the ATLAS trigger system in Run 2, J. Instrum. 15, P10004 (2020). [36] ATLAS Collaboration, VKalVrt—package for vertex reconstruction in ATLAS, Report No. ATL-PHYS-2003031, 2003, https://cds.cern.ch/record/685551. [37] ATLAS Collaboration, Muon reconstruction and identification efficiency in ATLAS using the full Run 2pp collision data set at ffiffiffis p¼13 TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 81, 578 (2021). [38] P. A. Zyla et al. (Particle Data Group), Review of particle physics, Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2020, 083C01 (2020). [39] G. Cowan, K. Cranmer, E. Gross, and O. Vitells, Asymptotic formulae for likelihood-based tests of new physics, Eur. Phys. J. C 71, 1554 (2011);73, 2501(E) (2013). [40] ATLAS Collaboration, ATLAS computing acknowledgements, Report No. ATL-SOFT-PUB-2021-003, 2021, https://cds.cern.ch/record/2776662. [41] S. Bolognesi, Y. Gao, A. V. Gritsan, K. Melnikov, M. Schulze, N. V. Tran, and A. Whitbeck, Spin and parity of a single-produced resonance at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 86, 095031 (2012). [42] J. Pumplin, D. R. Stump, J. Huston, H.-L. Lai, P. Nadolsky, and W.-K. Tung, New generation of parton distributions with uncertainties from global QCD analysis, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2002) 012. [43] ATLAS Collaboration, The ATLAS Collaboration software and firmware, Report No. ATL-SOFT-PUB-2021-001, 2021, https://cds.cern.ch/record/2767187. [44] ATLAS Collaboration, The ATLAS simulation infrastructure, Eur. Phys. J. C 70, 823 (2010). [45] CMS Collaboration, Observation of new structure in the J=ψJ=ψmass spectrum in proton-proton collisions at ffiffiffis p¼13 TeV, arXiv:2306.07164. G. Aad ,102 B. Abbott ,120 K. Abeling ,55 N. J. Abicht ,49 S. H. Abidi ,29 A. Aboulhorma ,35e H. Abramowicz ,151 H. Abreu ,150 Y. Abulaiti ,117 A. C. Abusleme Hoffman ,137a B. S. Acharya ,69a,69b,b C. Adam Bourdarios ,4 L. Adamczyk ,85a L. Adamek ,155 S. V. Addepalli ,26 M. J. Addison ,101 J. Adelman ,115 A. Adiguzel ,21c T. Adye ,134 A. A. Affolder ,136 Y. Afik ,36 M. N. Agaras ,13 J. Agarwala ,73a,73b A. Aggarwal ,100 C. Agheorghiesei ,27c A. Ahmad ,36 F. Ahmadov ,38,c W. S. Ahmed ,104 S. Ahuja ,95 X. Ai ,62a G. Aielli ,76a,76b M. Ait Tamlihat ,35e B. Aitbenchikh ,35a I. Aizenberg ,169 M. Akbiyik ,100 T. P. A. Åkesson ,98 A. V. Akimov ,37 D. Akiyama ,168 N. N. Akolkar ,24 K. Al Khoury ,41 G. L. Alberghi ,23b J. Albert ,165 P. Albicocco ,53 G. L. Albouy ,60 S. Alderweireldt ,52 M. Aleksa ,36 I. N. Aleksandrov ,38 C. Alexa ,27b T. Alexopoulos ,10 A. Alfonsi ,114 F. Alfonsi ,23b M. Algren ,56 M. Alhroob ,120 B. Ali ,132 H. M. J. Ali ,91 S. Ali ,148 S. W. Alibocus ,92 M. Aliev ,37 G. Alimonti ,71a W. Alkakhi ,55 C. Allaire ,66 B. M. M. Allbrooke ,146 J. F. Allen ,52 C. A. Allendes Flores ,137f P. P. Allport ,20 A. Aloisio ,72a,72b F. Alonso ,90 C. Alpigiani ,138 M. Alvarez Estevez ,99 A. Alvarez Fernandez ,100 M. G. Alviggi ,72a,72b M. Aly ,101 Y. Amaral Coutinho ,82b A. Ambler ,104 C. Amelung,36 M. Amerl ,101 C. G. Ames ,109 D. Amidei ,106 S. P. Amor Dos Santos ,130a K. R. Amos ,163 V. Ananiev ,125 C. Anastopoulos ,139 T. Andeen ,11 J. K. Anders ,36 S. Y. Andrean ,47a,47b A. Andreazza ,71a,71b S. Angelidakis ,9A. Angerami ,41,d A. V. Anisenkov ,37 A. Annovi ,74a C. Antel ,56 M. T. Anthony ,139 E. Antipov ,145 M. Antonelli ,53 D. J. A. Antrim ,17a F. Anulli ,75a M. Aoki ,83 T. Aoki ,153 J. A. Aparisi Pozo ,163 M. A. Aparo ,146 L. Aperio Bella ,48 C. Appelt ,18 N. Aranzabal ,36 C. Arcangeletti ,53 A. T. H. Arce ,51 E. Arena ,92 J-F. Arguin ,108 S. Argyropoulos ,54 J.-H. Arling ,48 A. J. Armbruster ,36 O. Arnaez ,4H. Arnold ,114 Z. P. Arrubarrena Tame,109 G. Artoni ,75a,75b H. Asada ,111 K. Asai ,118 S. Asai ,153 N. A. Asbah ,61 J. Assahsah ,35d K. Assamagan ,29 R. Astalos ,28a S. Atashi ,160 R. J. Atkin ,33a M. Atkinson,162 N. B. Atlay ,18 H. Atmani,62b P. A. Atmasiddha ,106 K. Augsten ,132 S. Auricchio ,72a,72b A. D. Auriol ,20 V. A. Austrup ,101 G. Avolio ,36 K. Axiotis ,56 G. Azuelos ,108,e D. Babal ,28b PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-8 H. Bachacou ,135 K. Bachas ,152,f A. Bachiu ,34 F. Backman ,47a,47b A. Badea ,61 P. Bagnaia ,75a,75b M. Bahmani ,18 A. J. Bailey ,163 V. R. Bailey ,162 J. T. Baines ,134 L. Baines ,94 C. Bakalis ,10 O. K. Baker ,172 E. Bakos ,15 D. Bakshi Gupta ,8R. Balasubramanian ,114 E. M. Baldin ,37 P. Balek ,85a E. Ballabene ,23b,23a F. Balli ,135 L. M. Baltes ,63a W. K. Balunas ,32 J. Balz ,100 E. Banas ,86 M. Bandieramonte ,129 A. Bandyopadhyay ,24 S. Bansal ,24 L. Barak ,151 M. Barakat ,48 E. L. Barberio ,105 D. Barberis ,57b,57a M. Barbero ,102 G. Barbour,96 K. N. Barends ,33a T. Barillari ,110 M-S. Barisits ,36 T. Barklow ,143 P. Baron ,122 D. A. Baron Moreno ,101 A. Baroncelli ,62a G. Barone ,29 A. J. Barr ,126 J. D. Barr ,96 L. Barranco Navarro ,47a,47b F. Barreiro ,99 J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa ,14a U. Barron ,151 M. G. Barros Teixeira ,130a S. Barsov ,37 F. Bartels ,63a R. Bartoldus ,143 A. E. Barton ,91 P. Bartos ,28a A. Basan ,100 M. Baselga ,49 A. Bassalat ,66,g M. J. Basso ,156a C. R. Basson ,101 R. L. Bates ,59 S. Batlamous,35e J. R. Batley ,32 B. Batool ,141 M. Battaglia ,136 D. Battulga ,18 M. Bauce ,75a,75b M. Bauer ,36 P. Bauer ,24 L. T. Bazzano Hurrell ,30 J. B. Beacham ,51 T. Beau ,127 P. H. Beauchemin ,158 F. Becherer ,54 P. Bechtle ,24 H. P. Beck ,19,h K. Becker ,167 A. J. Beddall ,21d V. A. Bednyakov ,38 C. P. Bee ,145 L. J. Beemster,15 T. A. Beermann ,36 M. Begalli ,82d M. Begel ,29 A. Behera ,145 J. K. Behr ,48 J. F. Beirer ,55 F. Beisiegel ,24 M. Belfkir ,159 G. Bella ,151 L. Bellagamba ,23b A. Bellerive ,34 P. Bellos ,20 K. Beloborodov ,37 N. L. Belyaev ,37 D. Benchekroun ,35a F. Bendebba ,35a Y. Benhammou ,151 M. Benoit ,29 J. R. Bensinger ,26 S. Bentvelsen ,114 L. Beresford ,48 M. Beretta ,53 E. Bergeaas Kuutmann ,161 N. Berger ,4B. Bergmann ,132 J. Beringer ,17a G. Bernardi ,5C. Bernius ,143 F. U. Bernlochner ,24 F. Bernon ,36,102 T. Berry ,95 P. Berta ,133 A. Berthold ,50 I. A. Bertram ,91 S. Bethke ,110 A. Betti ,75a,75b A. J. Bevan ,94 M. Bhamjee ,33c S. Bhatta ,145 D. S. Bhattacharya ,166 P. Bhattarai ,26 V. S. Bhopatkar ,121 R. Bi,29,i R. M. Bianchi ,129 G. Bianco ,23b,23a O. Biebel ,109 R. Bielski ,123 M. Biglietti ,77a T. R. V. Billoud ,132 M. Bindi ,55 A. Bingul ,21b C. Bini ,75a,75b A. Biondini ,92 C. J. Birch-sykes ,101 G. A. Bird ,20,134 M. Birman ,169 M. Biros ,133 T. Bisanz ,49 E. Bisceglie ,43b,43a D. Biswas ,141 A. Bitadze ,101 K. Bjørke ,125 I. Bloch ,48 C. Blocker ,26 A. Blue ,59 U. Blumenschein ,94 J. Blumenthal ,100 G. J. Bobbink ,114 V. S. Bobrovnikov ,37 M. Boehler ,54 B. Boehm ,166 D. Bogavac ,36 A. G. Bogdanchikov ,37 C. Bohm ,47a V. Boisvert ,95 P. Bokan ,48 T. Bold ,85a M. Bomben ,5 M. Bona ,94 M. Boonekamp ,135 C. D. Booth ,95 A. G. Borb´ely ,59 I. S. Bordulev ,37 H. M. Borecka-Bielska ,108 L. S. Borgna ,96 G. Borissov ,91 D. Bortoletto ,126 D. Boscherini ,23b M. Bosman ,13 J. D. Bossio Sola ,36 K. Bouaouda ,35a N. Bouchhar ,163 J. Boudreau ,129 E. V. Bouhova-Thacker ,91 D. Boumediene ,40 R. Bouquet ,5 A. Boveia ,119 J. Boyd ,36 D. Boye ,29 I. R. Boyko ,38 J. Bracinik ,20 N. Brahimi ,62d G. Brandt ,171 O. Brandt ,32 F. Braren ,48 B. Brau ,103 J. E. Brau ,123 R. Brener ,169 L. Brenner ,114 R. Brenner ,161 S. Bressler ,169 D. Britton ,59 D. Britzger ,110 I. Brock ,24 G. Brooijmans ,41 W. K. Brooks ,137f E. Brost ,29 L. M. Brown ,165,j L. E. Bruce ,61 T. L. Bruckler ,126 P. A. Bruckman de Renstrom ,86 B. Brüers ,48 D. Bruncko ,28b,a A. Bruni ,23b G. Bruni ,23b M. Bruschi ,23b N. Bruscino ,75a,75b T. Buanes ,16 Q. Buat ,138 D. Buchin ,110 A. G. Buckley ,59 M. K. Bugge ,125 O. Bulekov ,37 B. A. Bullard ,143 S. Burdin ,92 C. D. Burgard ,49 A. M. Burger ,40 B. Burghgrave ,8 O. Burlayenko ,54 J. T. P. Burr ,32 C. D. Burton ,11 J. C. Burzynski ,142 E. L. Busch ,41 V. Büscher ,100 P. J. Bussey ,59 J. M. Butler ,25 C. M. Buttar ,59 J. M. Butterworth ,96 W. Buttinger ,134 C. J. Buxo Vazquez,107 A. R. Buzykaev ,37 G. Cabras ,23b S. Cabrera Urbán ,163 L. Cadamuro ,66 D. Caforio ,58 H. Cai ,129 Y. Cai ,14a,14e V. M. M. Cairo ,36 O. Cakir ,3a N. Calace ,36 P. Calafiura ,17a G. Calderini ,127 P. Calfayan ,68 G. Callea ,59 L. P. Caloba,82b D. Calvet ,40 S. Calvet ,40 T. P. Calvet ,102 M. Calvetti ,74a,74b R. Camacho Toro ,127 S. Camarda ,36 D. Camarero Munoz ,26 P. Camarri ,76a,76b M. T. Camerlingo ,72a,72b D. Cameron ,125 C. Camincher ,165 M. Campanelli ,96 A. Camplani ,42 V. Canale ,72a,72b A. Canesse ,104 M. Cano Bret ,80 J. Cantero ,163 Y. Cao ,162 F. Capocasa ,26 M. Capua ,43b,43a A. Carbone ,71a,71b R. Cardarelli ,76a J. C. J. Cardenas ,8F. Cardillo ,163 T. Carli ,36 G. Carlino ,72a J. I. Carlotto ,13 B. T. Carlson ,129,k E. M. Carlson ,165,156a L. Carminati ,71a,71b A. Carnelli ,135 M. Carnesale ,75a,75b S. Caron ,113 E. Carquin ,137f S. Carrá ,71a,71b G. Carratta ,23b,23a F. Carrio Argos ,33g J. W. S. Carter ,155 T. M. Carter ,52 M. P. Casado ,13,l M. Caspar ,48 E. G. Castiglia ,172 F. L. Castillo ,4L. Castillo Garcia ,13 V. Castillo Gimenez ,163 N. F. Castro ,130a,130e A. Catinaccio ,36 J. R. Catmore ,125 V. Cavaliere ,29 N. Cavalli ,23b,23a V. Cavasinni ,74a,74b Y. C. Cekmecelioglu ,48 E. Celebi ,21a F. Celli ,126 M. S. Centonze ,70a,70b K. Cerny ,122 A. S. Cerqueira ,82a A. Cerri ,146 L. Cerrito ,76a,76b F. Cerutti ,17a B. Cervato ,141 A. Cervelli ,23b G. Cesarini ,53 S. A. Cetin ,21d Z. Chadi ,35a D. Chakraborty ,115 M. Chala ,130f J. Chan ,170 W. Y. Chan ,153 J. D. Chapman ,32 E. Chapon ,135 B. Chargeishvili ,149b D. G. Charlton ,20 T. P. Charman ,94 M. Chatterjee ,19 C. Chauhan ,133 S. Chekanov ,6 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-9 V. Solovyev ,37 P. Sommer ,36 A. Sonay ,13 W. Y. Song ,156b J. M. Sonneveld ,114 A. Sopczak ,132 A. L. Sopio ,96 F. Sopkova ,28b V. Sothilingam,63a S. Sottocornola ,68 R. Soualah ,116b Z. Soumaimi ,35e D. South ,48 S. Spagnolo ,70a,70b M. Spalla ,110 D. Sperlich ,54 G. Spigo ,36 M. Spina ,146 S. Spinali ,91 D. P. Spiteri ,59 M. Spousta ,133 E. J. Staats ,34 A. Stabile ,71a,71b R. Stamen ,63a M. Stamenkovic ,114 A. Stampekis ,20 M. Standke ,24 E. Stanecka ,86 M. V. Stange ,50 B. Stanislaus ,17a M. M. Stanitzki ,48 B. Stapf ,48 E. A. Starchenko ,37 G. H. Stark ,136 J. Stark ,102,gg D. M. Starko,156b P. Staroba ,131 P. Starovoitov ,63a S. Stärz ,104 R. Staszewski ,86 G. Stavropoulos ,46 J. Steentoft ,161 P. Steinberg ,29 B. Stelzer ,142,156a H. J. Stelzer ,129 O. Stelzer-Chilton ,156a H. Stenzel ,58 T. J. Stevenson ,146 G. A. Stewart ,36 J. R. Stewart ,121 M. C. Stockton ,36 G. Stoicea ,27b M. Stolarski ,130a S. Stonjek ,110 A. Straessner ,50 J. Strandberg ,144 S. Strandberg ,47a,47b M. Strauss ,120 T. Strebler ,102 P. Strizenec ,28b R. Ströhmer ,166 D. M. Strom ,123 L. R. Strom ,48 R. Stroynowski ,44 A. Strubig ,47a,47b S. A. Stucci ,29 B. Stugu ,16 J. Stupak ,120 N. A. Styles ,48 D. Su ,143 S. Su ,62a W. Su ,62d X. Su ,62a,66 K. Sugizaki ,153 V. V. Sulin ,37 M. J. Sullivan ,92 D. M. S. Sultan ,78a,78b L. Sultanaliyeva ,37 S. Sultansoy ,3b T. Sumida ,87 S. Sun ,106 S. Sun ,170 O. Sunneborn Gudnadottir ,161 M. R. Sutton ,146 H. Suzuki ,157 M. Svatos ,131 M. Swiatlowski ,156a T. Swirski ,166 I. Sykora ,28a M. Sykora ,133 T. Sykora ,133 D. Ta ,100 K. Tackmann ,48,mm A. Taffard ,160 R. Tafirout ,156a J. S. Tafoya Vargas ,66 R. Takashima ,88 E. P. Takeva ,52 Y. Takubo ,83 M. Talby ,102 A. A. Talyshev ,37 K. C. Tam ,64b N. M. Tamir,151 A. Tanaka ,153 J. Tanaka ,153 R. Tanaka ,66 M. Tanasini ,57b,57a Z. Tao ,164 S. Tapia Araya ,137f S. Tapprogge ,100 A. Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed ,107 S. Tarem ,150 K. Tariq ,62b G. Tarna ,102,27b G. F. Tartarelli ,71a P. Tas ,133 M. Tasevsky ,131 E. Tassi ,43b,43a A. C. Tate ,162 G. Tateno ,153 Y. Tayalati ,35e,nn G. N. Taylor ,105 W. Taylor ,156b H. Teagle,92 A. S. Tee ,170 R. Teixeira De Lima ,143 P. Teixeira-Dias ,95 J. J. Teoh ,155 K. Terashi ,153 J. Terron ,99 S. Terzo ,13 M. Testa ,53 R. J. Teuscher ,155,q A. Thaler ,79 O. Theiner ,56 N. Themistokleous ,52 T. Theveneaux-Pelzer ,102 O. Thielmann ,171 D. W. Thomas,95 J. P. Thomas ,20 E. A. Thompson ,17a P. D. Thompson ,20 E. Thomson ,128 Y. Tian ,55 V. Tikhomirov ,37,m Yu. A. Tikhonov ,37 S. Timoshenko,37 D. Timoshyn ,133 E. X. L. Ting ,1P. Tipton ,172 S. H. Tlou ,33g A. Tnourji ,40 K. Todome ,23b,23a S. Todorova-Nova ,133 S. Todt,50 M. Togawa ,83 J. Tojo ,89 S. Tokár ,28a K. Tokushuku ,83 O. Toldaiev ,68 R. Tombs ,32 M. Tomoto ,83,111 L. Tompkins ,143,u K. W. Topolnicki ,85b E. Torrence ,123 H. Torres ,102,gg E. Torró Pastor ,163 M. Toscani ,30 C. Tosciri ,39 M. Tost ,11 D. R. Tovey ,139 A. Traeet,16 I. S. Trandafir ,27b T. Trefzger ,166 A. Tricoli ,29 I. M. Trigger ,156a S. Trincaz-Duvoid ,127 D. A. Trischuk ,26 B. Trocm´e, 60 C. Troncon ,71a L. Truong ,33c M. Trzebinski ,86 A. Trzupek ,86 F. Tsai ,145 M. Tsai ,106 A. Tsiamis ,152,bb P. V. Tsiareshka,37 S. Tsigaridas ,156a A. Tsirigotis ,152,cc V. Tsiskaridze ,155 E. G. Tskhadadze,149a M. Tsopoulou ,152,bb Y. Tsujikawa ,87 I. I. Tsukerman ,37 V. Tsulaia ,17a S. Tsuno ,83 O. Tsur,150 K. Tsuri,118 D. Tsybychev ,145 Y. Tu ,64b A. Tudorache ,27b V. Tudorache ,27b A. N. Tuna ,36 S. Turchikhin ,38 I. Turk Cakir ,3a R. Turra ,71a T. Turtuvshin ,38,oo P. M. Tuts ,41 S. Tzamarias ,152,bb P. Tzanis ,10 E. Tzovara ,100 K. Uchida,153 F. Ukegawa ,157 P. A. Ulloa Poblete ,137c,137b E. N. Umaka ,29 G. Unal ,36 M. Unal ,11 A. Undrus ,29 G. Unel ,160 J. Urban ,28b P. Urquijo ,105 G. Usai ,8R. Ushioda ,154 M. Usman ,108 Z. Uysal ,21b L. Vacavant ,102 V. Vacek ,132 B. Vachon ,104 K. O. H. Vadla ,125 T. Vafeiadis ,36 A. Vaitkus ,96 C. Valderanis ,109 E. Valdes Santurio ,47a,47b M. Valente ,156a S. Valentinetti ,23b,23a A. Valero ,163 E. Valiente Moreno ,163 A. Vallier ,102,gg J. A. Valls Ferrer ,163 D. R. Van Arneman ,114 T. R. Van Daalen ,138 A. Van Der Graaf ,49 P. Van Gemmeren ,6M. Van Rijnbach ,125,36 S. Van Stroud ,96 I. Van Vulpen ,114 M. Vanadia ,76a,76b W. Vandelli ,36 M. Vandenbroucke ,135 E. R. Vandewall ,121 D. Vannicola ,151 L. Vannoli ,57b,57a R. Vari ,75a E. W. Varnes ,7 C. Varni ,17a T. Varol ,148 D. Varouchas ,66 L. Varriale ,163 K. E. Varvell ,147 M. E. Vasile ,27b L. Vaslin,40 G. A. Vasquez ,165 F. Vazeille ,40 T. Vazquez Schroeder ,36 J. Veatch ,31 V. Vecchio ,101 M. J. Veen ,103 I. Veliscek ,126 L. M. Veloce ,155 F. Veloso ,130a,130c S. Veneziano ,75a A. Ventura ,70a,70b A. Verbytskyi ,110 M. Verducci ,74a,74b C. Vergis ,24 M. Verissimo De Araujo ,82b W. Verkerke ,114 J. C. Vermeulen ,114 C. Vernieri ,143 P. J. Verschuuren ,95 M. Vessella ,103 M. C. Vetterli ,142,e A. Vgenopoulos ,152,bb N. Viaux Maira ,137f T. Vickey ,139 O. E. Vickey Boeriu ,139 G. H. A. Viehhauser ,126 L. Vigani ,63b M. Villa ,23b,23a M. Villaplana Perez ,163 E. M. Villhauer,52 E. Vilucchi ,53 M. G. Vincter ,34 G. S. Virdee ,20 A. Vishwakarma ,52 A. Visibile,114 C. Vittori ,36 I. Vivarelli ,146 V. Vladimirov,167 E. Voevodina ,110 F. Vogel ,109 P. Vokac ,132 J. Von Ahnen ,48 E. Von Toerne ,24 B. Vormwald ,36 V. Vorobel ,133 K. Vorobev ,37 M. Vos ,163 K. Voss ,141 J. H. Vossebeld ,92 M. Vozak ,114 L. Vozdecky ,94 N. Vranjes ,15 M. Vranjes Milosavljevic ,15 M. Vreeswijk ,114 N. K. Vu ,62d,62c R. Vuillermet ,36 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-16 O. Vujinovic ,100 I. Vukotic ,39 S. Wada ,157 C. Wagner,103 J. M. Wagner ,17a W. Wagner ,171 S. Wahdan ,171 H. Wahlberg ,90 R. Wakasa ,157 M. Wakida ,111 J. Walder ,134 R. Walker ,109 W. Walkowiak ,141 A. Wall ,128 T. Wamorkar ,6A. Z. Wang ,170 C. Wang ,100 C. Wang ,62c H. Wang ,17a J. Wang ,64a R.-J. Wang ,100 R. Wang ,61 R. Wang ,6S. M. Wang ,148 S. Wang ,62b T. Wang ,62a W. T. Wang ,80 W. Wang ,14a X. Wang ,14c X. Wang ,162 X. Wang ,62c Y. Wang ,62d Y. Wang ,14c Z. Wang ,106 Z. Wang ,62d,51,62c Z. Wang ,106 A. Warburton ,104 R. J. Ward ,20 N. Warrack ,59 A. T. Watson ,20 H. Watson ,59 M. F. Watson ,20 E. Watton ,59,134 G. Watts ,138 B. M. Waugh ,96 C. Weber ,29 H. A. Weber ,18 M. S. Weber ,19 S. M. Weber ,63a C. Wei,62a Y. Wei ,126 A. R. Weidberg ,126 E. J. Weik ,117 J. Weingarten ,49 M. Weirich ,100 C. Weiser ,54 C. J. Wells ,48 T. Wenaus ,29 B. Wendland ,49 T. Wengler ,36 N. S. Wenke,110 N. Wermes ,24 M. Wessels ,63a K. Whalen ,123 A. M. Wharton ,91 A. S. White ,61 A. White ,8M. J. White ,1D. Whiteson ,160 L. Wickremasinghe ,124 W. Wiedenmann ,170 C. Wiel ,50 M. Wielers ,134 C. Wiglesworth ,42 D. J. Wilbern,120 H. G. Wilkens ,36 D. M. Williams ,41 H. H. Williams,128 S. Williams ,32 S. Willocq ,103 B. J. Wilson ,101 P. J. Windischhofer ,39 F. I. Winkel ,30 F. Winklmeier ,123 B. T. Winter ,54 J. K. Winter ,101 M. Wittgen,143 M. Wobisch ,97 Z. Wolffs ,114 R. Wölker ,126 J. Wollrath,160 M. W. Wolter ,86 H. Wolters ,130a,130c A. F. Wongel ,48 S. D. Worm ,48 B. K. Wosiek ,86 K. W. Woźniak ,86 S. Wozniewski ,55 K. Wraight ,59 C. Wu ,20 J. Wu ,14a,14e M. Wu ,64a M. Wu ,113 S. L. Wu ,170 X. Wu ,56 Y. Wu ,62a Z. Wu ,135 J. Wuerzinger ,110 T. R. Wyatt ,101 B. M. Wynne ,52 S. Xella ,42 L. Xia ,14c M. Xia ,14b J. Xiang ,64c X. Xiao ,106 M. Xie ,62a X. Xie ,62a S. Xin ,14a,14e J. Xiong ,17a D. Xu ,14a H. Xu ,62a L. Xu ,62a R. Xu ,128 T. Xu ,106 Y. Xu ,14b Z. Xu ,52 Z. Xu ,14a B. Yabsley ,147 S. Yacoob ,33a N. Yamaguchi ,89 Y. Yamaguchi ,154 E. Yamashita ,153 H. Yamauchi ,157 T. Yamazaki ,17a Y. Yamazaki ,84 J. Yan,62c S. Yan ,126 Z. Yan ,25 H. J. Yang ,62c,62d H. T. Yang ,62a S. Yang ,62a T. Yang ,64c X. Yang ,62a X. Yang ,14a Y. Yang ,44 Y. Yang ,62a Z. Yang ,62a W-M. Yao ,17a Y. C. Yap ,48 H. Ye ,14c H. Ye ,55 J. Ye ,44 S. Ye ,29 X. Ye ,62a Y. Yeh ,96 I. Yeletskikh ,38 B. K. Yeo ,17a M. R. Yexley ,96 P. Yin ,41 K. Yorita ,168 S. Younas ,27b C. J. S. Young ,54 C. Young ,143 Y. Yu ,62a M. Yuan ,106 R. Yuan ,62b,pp L. Yue ,96 M. Zaazoua ,62a B. Zabinski ,86 E. Zaid,52 T. Zakareishvili ,149b N. Zakharchuk ,34 S. Zambito ,56 J. A. Zamora Saa ,137d,137b J. Zang ,153 D. Zanzi ,54 O. Zaplatilek ,132 C. Zeitnitz ,171 H. Zeng ,14a J. C. Zeng ,162 D. T. Zenger Jr.,26 O. Zenin ,37 T. Ženiš,28a S. Zenz ,94 S. Zerradi ,35a D. Zerwas ,66 M. Zhai ,14a,14e B. Zhang ,14c D. F. Zhang ,139 J. Zhang ,62b J. Zhang ,6K. Zhang ,14a,14e L. Zhang ,14c P. Zhang,14a,14e R. Zhang ,170 S. Zhang ,106 T. Zhang ,153 X. Zhang ,62c X. Zhang ,62b Y. Zhang ,62c,5 Y. Zhang ,96 Z. Zhang ,17a Z. Zhang ,66 H. Zhao ,138 P. Zhao ,51 T. Zhao ,62b Y. Zhao ,136 Z. Zhao ,62a A. Zhemchugov ,38 K. Zheng ,162 X. Zheng ,62a Z. Zheng ,143 D. Zhong ,162 B. Zhou,106 H. Zhou ,7N. Zhou ,62c Y. Zhou,7C. G. Zhu ,62b J. Zhu ,106 Y. Zhu ,62c Y. Zhu ,62a X. Zhuang ,14a K. Zhukov ,37 V. Zhulanov ,37 N. I. Zimine ,38 J. Zinsser ,63b M. Ziolkowski ,141 L. Živković,15 A. Zoccoli ,23b,23a K. Zoch ,56 T. G. Zorbas ,139 O. Zormpa ,46 W. Zou ,41 and L. Zwalinski 36 (ATLAS Collaboration) 1Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia 2Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 3aDepartment of Physics, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye 3bDivision of Physics, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Türkiye 4LAPP, Universit´e Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, Annecy, France 5APC, Universit´e Paris Cit´e, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France 6High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, USA 7Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA 8Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA 9Physics Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece 10Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Greece 11Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA 12Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan 13Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain 14aInstitute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 14bPhysics Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 14cDepartment of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-17 14dSchool of Science, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, China 14eUniversity of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), Beijing, China 15Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia 16Department for Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway 17aPhysics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA 17bUniversity of California, Berkeley, California, USA 18Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany 19Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 20School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom 21aDepartment of Physics, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Türkiye 21bDepartment of Physics Engineering, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye 21cDepartment of Physics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye 21dIstinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul, Türkiye 22aFacultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigaciónes, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia 22bDepartamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia 22cPontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia 23aDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia A. Righi, Universit`a di Bologna, Bologna, Italy 23bINFN Sezione di Bologna, Italy 24Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany 25Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA 26Department of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA 27aTransilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania 27bHoria Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania 27cDepartment of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania 27dNational Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Physics Department, Cluj-Napoca, Romania 27eUniversity Politehnica Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania 27fWest University in Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania 27gFaculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania 28aFaculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic 28bDepartment of Subnuclear Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovak Republic 29Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA 30Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Física, y CONICET, Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina 31California State University, Fresno, California, USA 32Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 33aDepartment of Physics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa 33biThemba Labs, Western Cape, South Africa 33cDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa 33dNational Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines Diliman (Philippines), Philippines 33eUniversity of South Africa, Department of Physics, Pretoria, South Africa 33fUniversity of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa 33gSchool of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa 34Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 35aFacult´e des Sciences Ain Chock, R´eseau Universitaire de Physique des Hautes Energies—Universit´e Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco 35bFacult´e des Sciences, Universit´e Ibn-Tofail, K´enitra, Morocco 35cFacult´e des Sciences Semlalia, Universit´e Cadi Ayyad, LPHEA-Marrakech, Morocco 35dLPMR, Facult´e des Sciences, Universit´e Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Morocco 35eFacult´e des sciences, Universit´e Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco 35fInstitute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco 36CERN, Geneva, Switzerland 37Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN 38Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN 39Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA 40LPC, Universit´e Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, France 41Nevis Laboratory, Columbia University, Irvington, New York, USA 42Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 43aDipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a della Calabria, Rende, Italy 43bINFN Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Italy PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-18 44Physics Department, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA 45Physics Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA 46National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi, Greece 47aDepartment of Physics, Stockholm University, Sweden 47bOskar Klein Centre, Stockholm, Sweden 48Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg and Zeuthen, Germany 49Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany 50Institut für Kernund Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany 51Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA 52SUPA—School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom 53INFN e Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy 54Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany 55II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany 56D´epartement de Physique Nucl´eaire et Corpusculaire, Universit´e de Gen`eve, Gen`eve, Switzerland 57aDipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Genova, Genova, Italy 57bINFN Sezione di Genova, Italy 58II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany 59SUPA—School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom 60LPSC, Universit´e Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France 61Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA 62aDepartment of Modern Physics and State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China 62bInstitute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science and Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Shandong University, Qingdao, China 62cSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE), SKLPPC, Shanghai, China 62dTsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai, China 63aKirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany 63bPhysikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany 64aDepartment of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China 64bDepartment of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 64cDepartment of Physics and Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China 65Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 66IJCLab, Universit´e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, 91405, Orsay, France 67Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica (IMB-CNM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain 68Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA 69aINFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine, Sezione di Trieste, Udine, Italy 69bICTP, Trieste, Italy 69cDipartimento Politecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura, Universit`a di Udine, Udine, Italy 70aINFN Sezione di Lecce, Italy 70bDipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Universit`a del Salento, Lecce, Italy 71aINFN Sezione di Milano, Italy 71bDipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Milano, Milano, Italy 72aINFN Sezione di Napoli, Italy 72bDipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Napoli, Napoli, Italy 73aINFN Sezione di Pavia, Italy 73bDipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Pavia, Pavia, Italy 74aINFN Sezione di Pisa, Italy 74bDipartimento di Fisica E. Fermi, Universit`a di Pisa, Pisa, Italy 75aINFN Sezione di Roma, Italy 75bDipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Universit`a di Roma, Roma, Italy 76aINFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy 76bDipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy 77aINFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Italy 77bDipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Universit`a Roma Tre, Roma, Italy 78aINFN-TIFPA, Italy 78bUniversit`a degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy 79Universität Innsbruck, Department of Astro and Particle Physics, Innsbruck, Austria 80University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-19 81Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA 82aDepartamento de Engenharia El´etrica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil 82bUniversidade Federal do Rio De Janeiro COPPE/EE/IF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 82cInstituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 82dRio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 83KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan 84Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan 85aAGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland 85bMarian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland 86Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland 87Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 88Kyoto University of Education, Kyoto, Japan 89Research Center for Advanced Particle Physics and Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan 90Instituto de Física La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata, Argentina 91Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom 92Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom 93Department of Experimental Particle Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute and Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia 94School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom 95Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, United Kingdom 96Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom 97Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Los Angeles, USA 98Fysiska institutionen, Lunds universitet, Lund, Sweden 99Departamento de Física Teorica C-15 and CIAFF, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain 100Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany 101School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom 102CPPM, Aix-Marseille Universit´e, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France 103Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA 104Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 105School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 106Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA 107Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA 108Group of Particle Physics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 109Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany 110Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), München, Germany 111Graduate School of Science and Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan 112Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA 113Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University/Nikhef, Nijmegen, Netherlands 114Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands 115Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA 116aNew York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 116bUniversity of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates 117Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York, USA 118Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan 119Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA 120Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA 121Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA 122Palacký University, Joint Laboratory of Optics, Olomouc, Czech Republic 123Institute for Fundamental Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA 124Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 125Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway 126Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom 127LPNHE, Sorbonne Universit´e, Universit´e Paris Cit´e, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France 128Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA 129Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA 130aLaboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas—LIP, Lisboa, Portugal 130bDepartamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal 130cDepartamento de Física, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal 130dCentro de Física Nuclear da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal 130eDepartamento de Física, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-20 130fDepartamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, Granada (Spain), Spain 130gDepartamento de Física, Instituto Superior T´ecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal 131Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic 132Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic 133Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic 134Particle Physics Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom 135IRFU, CEA, Universit´e Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France 136Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA 137aDepartamento de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile 137bMillennium Institute for Subatomic physics at high energy frontier (SAPHIR), Santiago, Chile 137cInstituto de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Ciencia y Tecnología, y Departamento de Física, Universidad de La Serena, Chile 137dUniversidad Andres Bello, Department of Physics, Santiago, Chile 137eInstituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile 137fDepartamento de Física, Universidad T´ecnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile 138Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA 139Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom 140Department of Physics, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan 141Department Physik, Universität Siegen, Siegen, Germany 142Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada 143SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, California, USA 144Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden 145Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA 146Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom 147School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia 148Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 149aE. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia 149bHigh Energy Physics Institute, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia 149cUniversity of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia 150Department of Physics, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 151Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel 152Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece 153International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 154Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan 155Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 156aTRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 156bDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 157Division of Physics and Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan 158Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA 159United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates 160Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA 161Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden 162Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA 163Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia—CSIC, Valencia, Spain 164Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 165Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada 166Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany 167Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom 168Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan 169Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel 170Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA 171Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Fachgruppe Physik, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany 172Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA aDeceased. bAlso at Department of Physics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom. cAlso at Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan. dAlso at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA. eAlso at TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. fAlso at Department of Physics, University of Thessaly, Greece. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-21 gAlso at An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. hAlso at Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. iAlso at University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA. jAlso at Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. kAlso at Department of Physics, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California, USA. lAlso at Departament de Fisica de la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. mAlso at Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN. nAlso at The Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter (CICQM), Beijing, China. oAlso at Department of Physics, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. pAlso at Universit`a di Napoli Parthenope, Napoli, Italy. qAlso at Institute of Particle Physics (IPP), Canada. rAlso at Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA. sAlso at National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines Diliman (Philippines), Philippines. tAlso at Department of Financial and Management Engineering, University of the Aegean, Chios, Greece. uAlso at Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. vAlso at Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Italy. wAlso at Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. xAlso at Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. yAlso at Yeditepe University, Physics Department, Istanbul, Türkiye. zAlso at Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia. aaAlso at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. bbAlso at Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece. ccAlso at Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece. ddAlso at Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, China. eeAlso at APC, Universit´e Paris Cit´e, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France. ffAlso at Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, United Kingdom. ggAlso at L2IT, Universit´e de Toulouse, CNRS/IN2P3, UPS, Toulouse, France. hhAlso at Department of Physics, California State University, Sacramento, California, USA. iiAlso at D´epartement de Physique Nucl´eaire et Corpusculaire, Universit´e de Gen`eve, Gen`eve, Switzerland. jjAlso at Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Fachgruppe Physik, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany. kkAlso at Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (INRNE) of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria. llAlso at Washington College, Chestertown, Maryland, USA. mmAlso at Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. nnAlso at Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco. ooAlso at Institute of Physics and Technology, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. ppAlso at Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 131, 151902 (2023) 151902-22