On the identity of Helianthemum mathezii and H. pomeridianum (Cistaceae)

Anales del Ja dín Bo ánico de Mad id 74 (2): e060 h p://dx.doi.o g/10.3989/ajbm.2472 ISSN: 0211-1322 [email p o ec ed], h p:// jb. e is as.csic.es/index.php/ jb Copy igh : © 2017 CSIC. This is an open-access a icle dis ibu ed unde he e ms o he C ea i e Commons A ibu ion-Non Comme cial (by-nc) Spain 3.0 License. On he iden i y o Helian hemum ma hezii and H. pome idianum (Cis aceae) Abela do Apa icio 1,* & Ra ael G. Albaladejo 2 1,2 Dep . o Plan Biology and Ecology, Uni e sidad de Se illa, Spain * Co esponding au ho : [email p o ec ed], h p://o cid.o g/0000-0001-7122-4421 2 [email p o ec ed], h p://o cid.o g/0000-0003-2101-5204 Abs ac . The o iginal desc ip ion o Helian hemum ma hezii ega ded he species o be a he ophy e. Howe e , he de ailed obse a ion o he holo ype o H. ma hezii, as well as newly collec ed specimens om he ype locali y, does no suppo i s condi ion o annual plan . Fu he s udy has led o he conclusion ha all hese plan s can eadily be iden i ied as H. pome idianum; he desc ip ions o H. ma hezii and H. pome idianum a e equi alen excep o he habi , being he o me annual and he la e su u icose. We show in his s udy ha H. ma hezii is o be conside ed a synonym o H. pome idianum, and epo a new locali y o H. pome idianum in Mo occo. Also, we p o ide he i s ch omosome coun o his species (2n = 22) which emphasizes he close ela ionship o H. pome idianum o H. subgen. Plec olobum. Keywo ds. Ch omosome coun , Cis aceae, Helian hemum ma hezii, Helian hemum pome idianum, axonomy. Resumen. En la desc ipción o iginal de Helian hemum ma hezii se conside a es a especie como un e o i o. Sin emba go, la obse ación minuciosa de su holo ipo, así como de o os especímenes ecien emen e ecolec ados en la misma localidad del ipo, sugie e que no se a a de una plan a anual. Concluimos que es as plan as pueden se bien iden i icadas como H. pome idianum; las desc ipciones de H. ma hezii y H. pome idianum son simila es excep o en lo e e ido a su hábi o, la p ime a supues amen e es una plan a anual y la segunda su u icosa. Así pues, aquí ecomendamos conside a H. ma hezii como sinónimo de H. pome idianum, y ci amos una localidad nue a de es a especie en Ma uecos. Además, damos cuen a del p ime ecuen o de c omosomas e ec uado pa a la misma (2n = 22), que demues a la es echa a inidad de H. pome idianum y H. subgen. Plec olobum. Palab as cla e. Cis aceae, Helian hemum ma hezii, Helian hemum pome idianum, ecuen o de c omosomas, axonomía. Apa icio A. & Albaladejo R.G. 2017. On he iden i y o Helian hemum ma hezii and H. pome idianum (Cis aceae). Anales Ja d. Bo . Mad id 74(2): e060. h p://dx.doi.o g/10.3989/ajbm.2472 Tí ulo en español: Ace ca de la iden idad de Helian hemum ma hezii y H. pome idianum (Cis aceae). Recei ed: 27‒II‒2017; accep ed: 25‒V‒2017; published online: 26-X-2017; Associa e Edi o : C. Aedo. INTRODUCTION Dobigna d (2009) desc ibed H. ma hezii Dobigna d —Cis aceae Juss.— om a single locali y om he Mo occan High A las —Ta oudan p o ince— as a 20–35 cm all, much-b anched, and glandula -hai y annual plan . This au ho s a ed ha , despi e i s appa en mo phological esemblance o H. salici olium (L.) Mill. (H. subg. Helian hemum), H. ma hezii should be asc ibed o H. sec . A lan hemum (Raynaud) G. López & al. (H. subg. Plec olobum Willk.) due o i s glandula and p ominen ly 5–7- eined inne sepals ha esembled hose o H. sanguineum (Lag.) Lag. ex Dunal. Dobigna d (2009) also epo ed ha his species inhabi ed we a e ine deposi s accompanied by Fee ia angus i olia Buse and Eupho bia ima um Coss. & Balansa, among o he species. Thus desc ibed, H. ma hezii cons i u ed a e y in e es ing species inasmuch as i was he only Helian hemum species inhabi ing a we habi a (c . A ing on & Kubi zki 2003), and he only annual species in he genus wi h such a es ic ed dis ibu ion (c . P oc o & Heywood 1968; G eu e & al. 1984), u he included in he checklis o No h A ican endemic plan species (El Oualidi & al. 2012). Consequen ly, as pa o a comp ehensi e phylogene ic s udy o he genus Helian hemum (Apa icio & al. 2017), we conside ed o in e es o pe o m a new collec ion and a de ailed s udy o H. ma hezii. MATERIAL AND METHODS To do so, we isi ed he ype locali y o H. ma hezii, a “pis e d’accès au pla eau du J. Tichka al . c. 1100 m, 30°47'18 N, –8°40'73 W” (Dobigna d 2009), o su ey he species. Fo he ch omosome numbe de e mina ion we collec ed ma u ed seeds ha we e disposed o ge mina ion in Pe i dishes. Then, oo ips we e imme sed in chilling wa e a 0 ºC o 24 h, hen ixed in 1:3 glacial ace ic acid and absolu e e hanol o 3 h. They we e inally s ained in alcoholic hyd ochlo ic acid-ca mine o 48 h and squashed in 45% ace ic acid. No ype specimen o H. pome idianum Dunal has been obse ed. Ne e heless, H. pome idianum has been many imes collec ed by di e en au ho s in i s Alge ian locus A. Apa icio & R.G. Albaladejo 2 Anales del Ja dín Bo ánico de Mad id 74 (2): e060. h p://dx.doi.o g/10.3989/ajbm.2472 classicus —ci ca O an, Djebel San o—, and ouche s a e a ailable on-line a he Muséum Na ionale D’His o ie Na u elle —MNHN—. We lis he s udied ones in appendix 1, all iden i ied as H. pome idianum. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Du ing ou ield ip o he ype locali y, we ound a popula ion in eg a ed by abou 30 indi idual plan s eadily iden i iable as H. ma hezii, o he han o he ac ha hese specimens, albei ha ing slende b anches, we e pe ennial su u icose plan s ( ig. 1). Mo eo e , hey we e loca ed in a sunny d y a ea on he op o a calca eous a e ine deposi accompanied by Mic ome ia hoch eu ine i Mai e and La andula mul i ida L. a he han in he we e ical un-o a ea o he same a e ine ou c op, whe e Fee ia angus i olia and species o Eupho bia L., Campanula L., and E odium L'Hé . we e common. The de ailed obse a ion o he holo ype o H. ma hezii ( ig. 2), as well as he igu e no. 7 o he o iginal desc ip ion o he species (Dobigna d 2009), does no p o ide conclusi e e idence ha H. ma hezii is a he ophy e since he oo sys em canno be obse ed, a ac clea ly e iden in he specimens o H. sanguineum and H. salici olium he ein included o illus a ion —no shown he e—. Mo eo e , he analysis o he Dobigna d’s ma e ial and ou newly collec ed plan s, ollowing Quézel & San a (1962) and Fennane & al. (1999), has esul ed in ha all hese plan s can be iden i ied as H. pome idianum. Fu he s udy has also shown ha he desc ip ion o H. ma hezii is equi alen o ha o H. pome idianum excep o i s habi — he o me annual, he la e su u icose— since bo h desc ip ions depic glandula plan s which ha e: 1) slende b anches bea ing e y sho ly pe iola e, exs ipula e, la , o a e-lanceola e lea es ma kedly eined benea h — alsely s ipula e because o he p esence o small axilla y c owded lea es—; 2) e y loosely a anged lowe s in glandula e minal cymes composed by a ew pedicella e and b ac ea e soli a y lowe s; 3) inne sepals 4–6 × 2 mm, s ia e wi h p ominen eins; 4) s amens nume ous; 5) pubescen o a y bea ing a sho capi a e s yle; 6) capsule sho e han he inne sepals, glab ous, wi h cilia e ma gins a he apex (Dunal 1847; Willkomm 1856; Dobigna d 2009). O e all, hese a gumen s show ha H. ma hezii is a synonym o H. pome idianum, and ha bo h Dobigna d’s specimen —G 00441364— and ou own collec ion —SEV 286762 (Mo occo: Ta oudan , be ween Sidi Abdellah Oussaid and Alegjane, 1100 m a.s.l., 30°47'10.38" N, 8°40'43.74" W, 13 No . 2016, A. Apa icio & FJ. Apa icio s.n.— a e o be ega ded as a new locali y o H. pome idianum in Mo occo. Helian hemum pome idianum is a a he poo ly known No h A ican endemic species (El Oualidi & al. 2012), which was o iginally desc ibed, and many imes collec ed by di e en au ho s, om a ound O an —Djebel San o, San a C uz— in Alge ia. To da e, H. pome idianum has also been eco ded in Melilla (Caballe o 1917), he T a a Moun ains, also in he no he n Alge ia (Medjahdi & al. 2009), and in a ew a away loca ions in he Mo occan High A las a ea, be ween Ta oudan and Ma akech —RAB 078906, MA 472377 (P 04729082 pho o!), MGC 80897 (MA 321784–1!)— (Fö he & Podlech 2002; GBIF 2016; SEV 225757! om he sou he n Alge ia is a misiden i ica ion o H. lippii (L.) Dum.-Cou s.). Taxonomically, H. pome idianum was asc ibed by Dunal o H. sec . Halimium Dunal, bu Pomel (1860: 11) o mula ed he species sub Rhodax pome idianus Pomel. Willkomm (1856) and G osse (1903) e-asc ibed he species o H. sec . E ioca pum Dunal (H. subg. Helian hemum), bu Quézel & San a (1962) included i in H. sec . Chamaecis us Willk. o H. subg. Plec olobum. Phylogene ic da a (Apa icio & al. 2017) has e ealed an unexpec ed close ela ionship be ween H. pome idianum and H. lunula um DC., a dwa sh ub ound only in he Ma i ime and Ligu ian Alps (Ba be o 1966) ha is he only membe o H. sec . Macula ia Dunal in H. subg. Plec olobum. This inding igge s u he biogeog aphical in e es since i may e eal a majo in e con inen al disjunc ion du ing he ea ly di e si ica ion o H. subg. Plec olobum in he Uppe Pliocene and ha geog aphical ica iance migh ep esen Fig. 1. Specimen o Helian hemum pome idianum Dunal (SEV 286762). On he iden i y o Helian hemum ma hezii and H. pome idianum 3 Anales del Ja dín Bo ánico de Mad id 74 (2): e060. h p://dx.doi.o g/10.3989/ajbm.2472 Fig. 2. Holo ype o Helian hemum ma hezii Dobigna d (G 00441364). A. Apa icio & R.G. Albaladejo 4 Anales del Ja dín Bo ánico de Mad id 74 (2): e060. h p://dx.doi.o g/10.3989/ajbm.2472 an impo an specia ion o ce in his lineage; indeed, he i s ch omosome coun o H. pome idianum ob ained om plan s om his new Mo occan locali y (2n = 22; ig. 3) p o ides addi ional suppo and emphasizes he ela ionship o his species o H. subg. Plec olobum (c . Rice & al. 2015). Finally, we we e unable o ex ac DNA om a lea sample o he ype specimen o H. ma hezii p o ided by he ba ium G despi e we ollowed wo s anda d —and sligh ly modi ied— DNA ex ac ion p o ocols: In iso b Spin Plan Mini Ki —S a ec— and Isola e II Plan DNA- ki —Bioline—. Consequen ly, his accession could no be included in he phylogene ic analysis o Helian hemum, bu in he phylogene ic analyses ou samples collec ed in ype locali y —SEV 286762— clus e ed wi h o he Mo occan accessions o H. pome idianum Dunal and main ained he suppo ed sis e - axa ela ionship be ween H. pome idianum and H. lunula um (Apa icio & al. 2017). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We acknowledge Alan Dobigna d and he He ba ium Gena ense o coope a ion in his s udy. The p ojec has been unded by he Spanish Minis e io de Economía y Compe i i idad (CGL2014–52459-P). We also hank Mike Lockwood o e iewing he English s yle and an anonymous e iewe o help ul commen a ies. REFERENCES Apa icio A., Ma ín-He nanz S., Pa ejo-Fa nés C., A oyo J., La e gne S., Yeşilyu E.B., Zhang M., Rubio E. & Albaladejo R.G. 2017. Phylogene ic econs uc ion o he genus Helian hemum (Cis aceae) using plas id and nuclea DNA-sequences: sys ema ic and e olu iona y in e ences. Taxon 66 (4): 868–885. h ps://doi.o g/10.12705/664.5 A ing on J. & Kubi zki K. 2003. Cis aceae. In Kubi zki K. (ed.), The amilies and gene a o ascula plan s. V Flowe ing plan s dico yledons Mal ales, Cappa ales and non-be alain Ca yophyllales: 62–70. Sp inge , Be lin. h ps://doi.o g/10.1007/978-3-662-07255-4_15 Ba be o M. 1966. A p opos de ois espèces upicoles, endémiques des Alpes ligu es. Bulle in de la Socié é Bo anique de F ance 113: 330–341. h ps://doi.o g/10.1080/00378941.1966.10835532 Caballe o A. 1917. Excu sión bo ánica a Melilla en 1915. T abajos del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Na u ales, Se . Bo . 11: 2–39. Dobigna d A. 2009. Cinq nou eaux axons pou la lo e du Ma oc. Jou nal de Bo anique de la Socié é Bo anique de F ance 48 :7–20. Dunal F. 1847. Pe i bouque Médi e anéen. Mémoi es de la Sec ion des sciences [de l']Académie des sciences e le es de Mon pellie 1: 1–12. El Oualidi J., Khama H., Fennane M., Ibn Ta ou M., Chau e S. & Taleb M.S. 2012. Checklis des endémiques e spécimens ypes de la lo e asculai e de l'A ique du No d. Documen s de L’Ins i u Scien i ique no. 25. Uni e si é Mohammed V-Agdal, Raba . Fennane M., Ibn Ta ou M, Ma hez J., Aïcha O. & El Oualidi J. 1999. Flo e p a ique du Ma oc. Manuel de dé e mina ion des plan es asculai es ol. 1. T a aux de L'Ins i u Scien i ique, sé ie Bo anique no. 36. Uni e si é Mohammed V-Agdal, Raba . 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Nou elle Flo e de L'Algé ie e des Régions Dése iques Mé idionales. Cen e Na ionale de la Reche che Scien i ique, Pa is. Rice A., Glick L., Abadi S., Einho n M., Kopelman N.M., Salman- Minko A., Mayzel J., Chay O. & May ose I. 2015. The Ch omosome Coun s Da abase (CCDB) – a communi y esou ce o plan ch omosome numbe s. New Phy ologis 206: 19–26. h ps://doi.o g/10.1111/nph.13191 Willkomm M. 1856. Icones e desc ip iones plan a um no a um c i ica um e a io um Eu opae aus o-occiden alis p aecipue Hispaniae ol. 2. Lipsiae, Hispaniae. APPENDIX 1. S udied ma e ial o H. pome idianum. ALGERIA. O an: Balansa (P 06686325 pho o!); ibid., 1842, Cosson (P 06686319 pho o!); ibid., Du ando (P 06686313 pho o!, P 06686330 pho o!); ibid., 1842, Du ieu (P 06686306 pho o!, P 06686307 pho o!); ibid., 1849, Reu e (P 06686308 pho o!); ibid., 1850, Gouge (P 06686309 pho o!); ibid., 1842, Pomel (P 06686326 pho o!); ibid., 1861, Pomel (P 06686310 pho o!, P06686303 pho o!, P 04747844 pho o!, P 06686327 pho o!); ibid., 1842, Spach (P 06686311 pho o!); ibid., San a C uz, 1905, s. coll. (P 04750429 pho o!); ibid., 1947, Che assu (P 04637966 pho o!); ibid., 1918, D'Alleize e (P 04637967 pho o!); ibid., 1912, D'Alleize e (P 06686322 pho o!); ibid., 1887, Luize (P 06686316 pho o!); ibid., 1930, Fau e (P 06686328 pho o!); ibid., 1930, Senay (P 04729081 pho o!); ibid., Djebel Mu djadjo, 1894, Doume gue (P 04637877 pho o!); ibid., 1905, Fau e (P 06686304 pho o!, P 06686331 pho o!, P 06686332 pho o!, P 06686336 pho o!); ibid., 1906, Fau e (P 06686337 pho o!); ibid., 1952, San a, Daumas & Re z (P 04637876 pho o!, P 04729083 pho o!, P 04637968 pho o!); ibid., Djebel San o, 1852, Balansa (P 06686317 pho o!, P 06686318 pho o!, P 06686334 pho o!, P 06686324 pho o!); ibid., 1882, Debeaux (P 06686296 pho o!, P 06686333 pho o!); ibid., 1887, Ga igues (P 06686320 pho o!, P 06686321 pho o!); ibid., 1850, Munby (P 06686312 pho o!, P 06686315 pho o!); ibid., Munby (P 06686323 pho o!); ibid., 1849, Reu e (P 06686329 pho o!); ibid., 1914, Ro e eau (P 06686314 pho o!). Fig. 3. Mi o ic me aphase o Helian hemum pome idianum Dunal (SEV 286762).