Mineral adornments at chalcolithic sites in inland Iberia: variscite beads at Valle de las Higueras (Huecas, Toledo) Spain

www.maajournal.com Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 Open Access. Online & Print. Copyright: © 2021. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5598231 MINERAL ADORNMENTS AT CHALCOLITHIC SITES IN INLAND IBERIA: VARISCITE BEADS AT VALLE DE LAS HIGUERAS (HUECAS, TOLEDO) SPAIN Rosa Barroso Bermejo*1, Carlos P. Odriozola2, Primitiva Bueno Ramírez1, Rodrigo Villalobos García3, Rodrigo Balbín Behrmann1, José María Martínez Blanes4 1Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Área de Prehistoria, Alcalá de Henares, Spain 2Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología, Spain 3Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Dpto. de Prehistoria, Arqueología, Antropología Social y CC y TT Historiográficas, Spain 4Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Spain Received: 15/09/2021 Accepted: 23/11/2021 *Corresponding author: Rosa Barroso Bermejo ([email protected]) ABSTRACT The study of adornments found in the necropolis at Valle de las Higueras (Huecas, Toledo) has determined the morphotypology and mineral composition of one quadrangular pendant and 341 stone beads. Most of the beads are short (length ≤ 5 mm), but within this regularity series can be differentiated that might be the result of standardised fabrication processes and different times of acquisition. Portable X-ray fluorescence (p-XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis identified the use of phyllosilicates as sepiolite and clinochlore, and above all variscite, a mineral that became especially important for adornments in the Iberian Peninsula in the 3rd millennium BC. The inland location of the necropolis, distant from source areas, certifies its remote origin, as far away as northwest Zamora according to the chronological framework. It is still not possible to determine for sure the source of the variscite at Valle de las Higueras. However, the inland location of the necropolis, distant from source areas, certifies its remote origin. The chronology suggests that it might have come from the north-west, in the area of Zamora. Archaeological and chronological data obtained in tombs in the necropolis, together with other inland sites, contribute to understanding variscite circulation in the Iberian Peninsula in the Chalcolithic. It was restricted to a few individuals, both adults and children, who wore necklaces and bracelets. Distance did not condition the arrival of variscite, but the small amounts suggest it was traded together with other ostentation elements, such as sea shells, cinnabar and amber. The heterogeneous regional panorama displays differences in the demand, use and acquisition of variscite depending on the socioeconomic organisation and connection to exchange networks. KEYWORDS: Western Europe, Iberian Peninsula, Copper Age, necropolis, adornments, mineralogical analysis, variscite 178 R. BARROSO BERMEJO et al. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 1. INTRODUCTION Prehistoric adornments were aesthetic, symbolic and socioeconomic elements. They were worn on the body, in the hair or attached to clothing. Their manufacture, raw materials and use reveal information about past societies and their signs of social expression (Vanhaeren, 2005; Kuhn and Stiner, 2007; Baysal, 2019; Mărgărit and Boroneanț, 2020). One of the raw materials employed for adornments was variscite, a green hydrated aluminium phosphate with a general formula [MPO4·2H2O], where M = Al3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, V3+. Variscite’s colour ranges from yellow to green hues and massive variscite usually has a waxy, lustrous turquoise-green colour. Its attractive colour meant that it was made into pendants and beads that were widely used in Western Europe from the 6th to the 3rd millennia BC (Herbaut and Querré, 2004; Odriozola et al., 2016a). The current consensus about the sources of the adornments made from variscite found in Europe maintains that the raw materials came either from the north-west (Zamora), south-west (Encinasola) or north-east (Gavà) of the Iberian Peninsula (Figure 1), from where they were exchanged massively across the whole of Western Europe (Herbaut and Querré, 2004; Querré et al., 2008; Odriozola et al., 2010; Odriozola, 2014). This hypothesis about long-distance trade is based on the wide distribution of personal adornments made from green phosphates in Europe and the scarcity of the mineral in the continent. Several studies have examined variscite extraction, transformation, consumption and distribution networks (Noain, 1996; Blasco et al., 1996; Bueno Ramírez et al., 2005; Odriozola et al., 2010, 2013a, 2013b, 2016b, 2017; Thomas, 2011; Villalobos García and Odriozola, 2016; Fábregas and Rodríguez-Rellán, 2017; Oliva, 2015). The use of variscite in the Iberian Peninsula began in the 5th millennium, coinciding with the spread of Alpine jade axes across Western Europe. In the late 5th and during the 4th millennia BC, an increase is seen in the number of sites where variscite and such other green stones as mica, serpentine and talc have been found. During the first half of the 3rd millennium BC, variscite use reaches its apogee and start to decline in the middle of the millennium. This coincided with an increase in ‘exotic’ raw materials, of distant provenance, such as ivory and amber (Borrell et al., 2015, 73; Villalobos García and Odriozola, 2016; Odriozola et al., 2016b, 2020). Figure 1: A) Map of the Iberian Peninsula with the location of variscite mines and the site studied here. B) Samples of variscite from Encinasola Mine, after Odriozola et al., 2010: Fig. 2. The intensive use of variscite in the Chalcolithic is a characteristic of Iberia. The mostly Neolithic attribution of deposits at megalithic sites in Brittany (Herbaut and Querré 2004; Paulsson et al., 2019) contrasts with the range of sites dated in the Chalcolithic in the peninsula. Variscite adornments were made at 3rd millennium workshops, like the one at Las Peñas de Quiruelas (Villalobos García and Odriozola, 2016; Villalobos García et al., 2018). They are found at domestic sites (Jiménez 1995; Odriozola et al., 2013a) and also in funerary deposits (Odriozola et al., 2010, 2016a, 2016b), like the one described here. Changes in social and economic organisation during the Chalcolithic (Berrocal et al., 2013) led to greater demand for materials that were exchanged over long distances, such as ivory (García Sanjuán et al., 2013), amber (Murillo Barroso et al., 2018; Odriozola et al., 2019) and cinnabar (Bueno Ramírez et al., 2019; Rodríguez et al., 2020), as well as variscite. The fabrication of personal items, the quality of the production and the deposition as grave goods reveal their important social role. 178 R. BARROSO BERMEJO et al. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 The aim of this paper is to analyse one of the largest Chalcolithic green bead assemblages in the Iberian Peninsula, Valle de las Higueras (henceforward VdH). The site is one of a series of Bell-Beaker necropolises in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula (Bueno Ramírez et al., 2012, 2016; Barroso et al., 2014; Blasco Bosqued et al., 2011) and their tombs are an excellent closed and well-dated context (Bueno Ramírez et al., 2005, 2008, 2012) to study the ornaments associated with the buried individuals. The morpho-typological features of the beads have been analysed in order to determine the kind of production and its use. In turn, the chemical and mineralogical characterisation of this set of adornments has been performed to determine consumption and circulation of regional and exogenous raw material. This significant assemblage of green beads from VdH allows us to discuss the distribution and exchange networks of the different beads mineralogy in the region and provide data for a better understanding of beads consumption patterns in the Iberian Peninsula during the Chalcolithic. 2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT OF THE ADORNMENTS: THE NECROPOLIS OF VALLE DE LAS HIGUERAS VdH is a necropolis formed by artificial caves dug in the upper part of the limestone hill (Figure 2). It is in a valley in the basin of the River Tagus, which connects inland Iberia with the Atlantic. The different domestic and mortuary sites known in the valley (Bueno Ramírez et al., 1999, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2012; Barroso et al., 2015) indicate the long occupation of the area in the 4th, 3rd and 2nd millennia BC. Figure 2: A) Location of Valle de las Higueras in the Iberian Peninsula and aerial view of the hill with the necropolis; B) Topographic of the hill showing the position of the caves studied here. The hill with VdH necropolis occupies a central position in the valley. The first construction in the group of tombs is a burial mound (TVH1) dated in the first half of the 3rd millennium BC. Its chamber with stone walls held at least four individuals buried with plain pottery, flint arrowheads, copper and beads made of limestone and nacre (Bueno Ramírez et al., 2012). On the upper part of the hill, at least eight caves were opened, differing in size, shape and number of burials. Radiocarbon dates (Barroso et al. 2014) support the use of the necropolis between 2865-1500 cal. BC. (IntCal20- 2σ) (Reimer et al., 2020). Cave 1: Located in the western area, it consists of a chamber with a small niche and ante-chamber connected to it. The only remains was recovered from the original level in the chamber. Bell Beaker pottery, copper, flint arrowheads and some beads were found in situ. A radiocarbon date was obtained from the human bone (Beta-145275: 3890 ± 40 BP) (Bueno Ramírez et al., 2005). Cave 1 provided 246 stone beads. Amber beads and a small copper ring were also found (Figure 3). Cave 3: This is located in the central area and consists of an ante-chamber, chamber and three niches in its walls. It contained at least 30 individuals. The beads formed part of the grave goods in the chamber and ante-chamber, but were absent in the niches, where Bell Beaker pottery and bone adornments were found (Niche 3a) (Bueno Ramírez et al., 2005). Ante-chamber (3b) held at least 12 burials, some of which were secondary. Plain pottery, pieces of copper, flint arrowheads, bone pins, an amber bead, over a hundred shell beads (Trivia arctica) and 31 stone beads formed the grave goods. The adornments were concentrated next to two adults and a child. One of MINERAL ADORNMENTS AT CHALCOLITHIC SITES IN INLAND IBERIA 179 Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 the individuals was dated by radiocarbon (Beta- 157732: 3830 ± 40 BP) (Bueno Ramírez et al., 2005). The annex chamber (3c) contained 11 individuals grouped on two oval-shaped stone floors and covered by cinnabar. The collective grave goods included a 12 plain pottery vessels, flint arrowheads and copper awls. An adult female located at the base (M-9) had 43 green beads in the area of her neck and a shell (Margarita auricularia) next to her hand. From her was obtained a date (Beta-205141: 3860 ± 40 BP) (Figure 4). Figure 3: A) Stone beads from Cave 1 in Valle de las Higueras. B) View of Cave 1 at Valle de las Higueras; C) Selection of beads from Cave 1. Figure 4: A) Stone beads from the chamber (3c) and ante-chamber (3b); B) Recreation of Cave 3 at Valle de las Higueras; C) Green beads from the ante-chamber in Cave 3. Cave 4: It had been destroyed at the time of the excavation. A small copper dagger, plain pottery and 2 green beads were found out of their original position. Cave 7. It consisted of two chambers dug on different heights. The East chamber contained a plain Bell Beaker pot with a burial dated to 3970±40 BP (Beta- 216245) (Bueno Ramírez et al., 2008). At the back of the chamber osseous remains from a previous burial were associated with 2 flint arrowheads, a quadrangular stone pendant, nearly twenty black and white beads, and a fragment of copper. 180 R. BARROSO BERMEJO et al. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 The West chamber/niche contained plain ware, a Bell Beaker fragment, chipped and polished stone artefacts and six beads. Remains of at least 2 individuals were found close to them, an adult and a child. From the adult was obtained a date (Beta-218062) of 3330 ± 40 BP (Bueno Ramírez et al., 2008) (Figure 5). The grave goods at VdH include elements of diverse provenance. The study of the ware and Bell Beaker pottery supported local production (Barroso et al., 2015). Equally, the lithic industry and bone and metal objects utilised local or regional raw materials (Barroso et al., 2003; Bueno Ramírez et al., 2005). The case of the cinnabar is different as its source is further away (at least 150 km) from the site (Bueno Ramírez et al. 2019), like the raw materials of many of the adornments. At VdH and other sites of the valley, evidence of the local production of lithic and metal objects such as cores, knapping waste and copper-smelt- ing vessels has been found (Bueno Ramírez et al., 1999). However, VdH has not provided any signs of production of the mineral beads. Figure 5: Discoidal and short barrel beads from Cave 7, made with calcite and quartz. 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the unbroken stone adornments found in the VdH necropolis have been studied: a quadrangular pendant and 341 beads. For the morphological criteria we have followed the typological system of Beck (1928), which is still valid, and a recent proposal (Villalobos García, 2015) that simplifies the typology and adapts it to the variability seen in the Iberian Peninsula. Following Villalobos García (2015), we have used two parameters to construct the typological classification: the proportion and the shape. The shape is determined by the assimilation of the cross-section and long-section of the bead to geometric forms. Four forms (circle, ellipse, triangle and rhombus) are considered in both sections. This results in eight basic shapes. In turn, the proportion is defined by the relationship between the length (distance between the two ends of the perforation in the beads) and the diameter (the maximum width between two points aligned perpendicularly to the length. Following Beck (1928) and Villalobos García (2015), four thresholds are established in the length-diameter proportion, which determines four categories: discoidal, short, standard and long beads. Discoidal beads are those in which the length is less than 1/3 of the diameter. In the case of short beads, the length is more than 1/3 and less than 9/10 of the diameter. Standard beads have a length more than 9/10 and less than 11/10 of the diameter. Finally, long beads are those in which the length is more than 11/10 of the diameter (Figure 6). MINERAL ADORNMENTS AT CHALCOLITHIC SITES IN INLAND IBERIA 181 Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 Figure 6: Representation of the typological system employed in the present study. The morphometric study has also considered the difference in the size of the perforations, between the outline and the interior hole. Several studies have been taken into account for technological aspects (Gwinnett and Gorelick, 1998; Noain, 1996; Rodière, 2011; Bains, 2012; Oliva, 2015; Viola et al., 2017) although we have not carried out our own experimentation. All the beads have been examined with a stereomicroscope at 20x magnification and 40% of them with a Leica MZ12.5 microscope at 100x with an Olympus UC30 camera added for the photographs. The raw materials have been determined by means of a portable X-ray fluorescence (p-XRF) device by X- ray diffractometer (XRD). The former equipment was an Oxford Instruments X-MET 7500 with a silicon drift detector (SDD) and an automatic loader with five filters. XRF was measured directly and without prior treatments of the sample by placing the flattest bead face over the sample holder. The measurement is per-formed on a surface of 9 mm². The quantification of the elemental composition has been performed using the Fundamental Parameters (FP) method. This method is most appropriate when an empirical method cannot be counted, either because the number of elements to be quantified is significantly large or because there are no appropriate certified patterns (Beckhoff et al., 2006). The quantification of the results of the XMET-7500 has been carried out by FP using the factory certified SOILS-LE calibration program, after performing the corresponding calibration test with the crm043 and GBM306-12 certified standards (Figure 7) (see SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES with p- XRF data). Figure 7: Typical spectra recorded by the p-XRF device to quantify (sample VH01/3C/50) 182 R. BARROSO BERMEJO et al. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 XRD was performed with a Ɵ/Ɵ Panalytical X’Pert Pro diffractometer with Cu Kα (1.5406 Å) radiation operating at 45 kV and 40 mA, equipped with a PixCel detector and parabolic mirrors with incident light. The diagrams were obtained after positioning the bead directly and without prior treatments in the sample holder of the device, with a 0.026° 2Ɵ pass between 10° and 70° 2Ɵ, and an acquisition time of 247s per pass at room temperature (25°C). The identification of the mineral phases in the beads with performed by comparison with the Powder Diffraction File 4 (PDF4) database of the International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD), using the Panalytical X’Pert Highscore 3.0 software. Bead provenance is determined traditionally by comparison of the elemental composition of the beads with that of geological control groups following the provenance postulate (Bishop et al., 1988; Weigand et al., 1977). Most current provenance classification systems show distrustful because the size of the control groups does not cover the deposits chemical and mineralogical variability. The high composition and mineralogical variability of phosphate deposits compromises most of the existing provenance classification systems as they are tremendously dependent on the creation of the control groups used to classify the origin of the beads. This control groups should by no means neglect the chemical variability of the deposits. Therefore, while this task is not completed when it comes to provenances, more weight should be given to archaeological criteria than to any chemometric model. 4. RESULTS In the VdH assemblage, discoidal beads are more numerous than the other categories (Table 1). Most of the beads are of the short barrel type (64.1%) (Table 2). Table 1: Percentage of the proportions of the studied beads Short Discoidal Long Standard 83.3 11.9 2.0 2.6 Table 2: Frequencies and percentages of the different morphotypes Flattened Barrel Bicone Ellipsoidal Spherical Short 2 / 0.5% 220/ 64.1% 2 / 0.5% 0 / 0.0% 62 / 18.0% Discoidal 0 / 0.0% 33 / 9,6% 0 / 0.0% 0 / 0.0% 8 / 2,3% Long 0 / 0.0% 3 / 0,8% 0 / 0.0% 4 /1,1% 0 / 0.0% Standard 0 / 0.0% 9 / 2.6% 0 / 0.0% 0 / 0.0% 0 / 0.0% Table 3: Frequencies of the different morphotypes in the different caves at Valle de las Higueras Shape Context Proportion Short Disc Long Standard Flattened Cave 1 2 - - - Barrel Cave 1 174 28 2 6 Cave 3 – chamber 3b 12 - 1 1 Cave 3 – chamber 3c 15 1 - 2 Cave 4 2 - - - Cave 7 – chamber 15 - - - Cave 7 - Niche 2 4 - - Bicone Cave 1 2 - - - Ellipsoidal Cave 1 - - 4 - Spherical Cave 1 21 7 - - Cave 3 – chamber 3b 17 - - - Cave 3 – chamber 3c 24 1 - - According to the results in Table 3, Cave 1 is the only context with morphotypological variety. In the others, the short barrel and short sphere beads predominate. The other types are very scarce. The perforations are mostly centred and were made by a concentric rotary movement. They are biconical and made from both sides with slightly eccentric holes in many of the beads. Only 5.8% of the perforations are straight and in seven cases the beads were so thin that it was not necessary to pierce them from the second side. Conical drills with more rounded ends may have been responsible for the different sections observed in the perforations of the beads. Holes were corrected as many as three times and some beads were shortened owing to a fault in the perforation (Figure 8). MINERAL ADORNMENTS AT CHALCOLITHIC SITES IN INLAND IBERIA 183 Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 Figure 8: Valle de las Higueras A) Photo of perforation marks with concentric striations taken using an optical microscope. B-E) Examples of variscite beads showing different perforation sizes. C) Bead with three attempts at perforation (the linear scale represents 5mm). The outline of the perforations has a mean diameter of 2.20 ± 0.47mm (in 81% of the beads it is less than 2.50mm) and the coefficient of variation (CV) is 0.21. The hole is smaller in the middle of the perforations (minimum diameter) with a mean of 0.82 ± 0.44mm and a minimum diameter of 0.12mm, which means that the bead could only have been strung on a very fine thread. Two modes exist in the diameter of the hole, a main one and a secondary one, but not so clearly in the diameter of the outline of the perforation. These modes are assumed to be uncorrelated with the diameter or height of the beads (Figure 9). Figure 9: Histogram with the maximum (A) and minimum (B) diameters of the perforation. The kernel density is shown in red. Use-wear is normally visible around the perforation (Figure 10) and the linear striations left by polishing the beads are seen more on the sides of the beads than on their flat faces (Figure 11). The large number of short beads seems to indicate homogeneity but in fact some peculiarities can be detected. Bright patinas are limited to the few long beads which, possibly because of their larger size, were polished more intensely. 2.78% of the discoidal beads in Cave 1 possess a polygonal outline because the edges of the initial mineral were not removed completely. In contrast, the beads from Chamber 3b have rounded, well-worked sides that suggest they were shaped together in a line, as proposed for production of beads at Gavà (Bosch and Estrada, 2002). They are similar in diameter (~6.9 ± 1 mm) as the larger and smaller beads are missing. Their large perforations (1.9 – 3.2mm) and holes about 1.4mm in diameter, larger than the average, created some of the beads with the thinnest walls in the assemblage. 184 R. BARROSO BERMEJO et al. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 Figure 10: Valle de las Higueras. Variscite beads with use-wear around the perforation (the linear scale represents 5mm). Figure 11: Valle de las Higueras. Images of the marks left by polishing the variscite beads taken using an optical microscope (the linear scale represents 5mm). The XRD analysis (Table 4) has determined that most of the beads at VdH were made with variscite (82.1%), although the use of other minerals, such as clinochlore (0.5%), calcite (0.8%), quartz (1.1%) and sepiolite (3.5%) has also been detected (Figure 12). It is significant that the use of sepiolite, a tri-octahedral phyllosilicate rich in Mg in the palygorskite-sepiolite group (Guggenheim and Kreekeler, 2011), was restricted to the beads in Cave 7; additionally, all those beads possess a straight perforation. Table 4: Frequencies of the minerals in relation to the cave where they were found. ND refers to beads in which the identification of the mineral by XRD was not possible for technical reasons. Calcite Clinochlore Lignite ND Quartz Sepiolite Variscite Cave 1 1 26 3 216 Chamber 3b 1 4 26 Chamber 3c 8 35  (Cave 3) 1 12 61 Cave 4 2 Chamber 7 3 1 12 Niche 1 1 2  (Cave 7) 3 1 1 1 12 2  (Total %) 0.87 0.58 0.29 11.40 1.16 3.50 82.16 MINERAL ADORNMENTS AT CHALCOLITHIC SITES IN INLAND IBERIA 191 Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 tances it travelled and significant differences in its importance compared with local and regional resources. 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ID Mg Al Si P S Cl K Ca TI V Cr Mn Fe Co Cu Zn As Rb Sr Zr Cave 1 VH99/c1/SR/18 0 26,37 45,72 0,30 0 0 0,37 0,88 0,71 0,02 0,01 0,15 25,32 0 0,02 0,02 0,01 0,05 0,01 0,02 VH99/C1/SR/19 0 23,30 54,68 14,76 0 0 1,56 4,13 0,16 0,14 0,27 0,01 0,93 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/21 0 26,99 43,82 24,85 0 0 1,70 0,95 0,20 0,06 0,15 0 1,21 0 0,02 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/22 0 31,65 31,20 34,73 0 0 0,75 0,68 0,06 0,07 0,15 0 0,64 0 0,01 0 0,03 0,01 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/24 0 27,25 44,76 25,32 0 0 1,00 0,80 0,09 0,13 0,17 0 0,42 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/25 0 28,15 42,03 26,38 0 0 0,78 1,76 0,19 0,10 0,22 0 0,32 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/26 0 29,66 36,16 30,49 0 0 0,84 0,95 0,11 0,09 0,17 0 1,45 0 0,01 0 0,06 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/27 0 27,02 44,82 24,93 0 0 0,60 1,54 0,14 0,11 0,17 0 0,63 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/28 0 26,35 46,35 24,11 0 0 0,29 1,93 0,15 0,11 0,18 0 0,46 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/29 0 25,48 50,83 18,93 0 0 0,83 3,07 0,09 0,06 0,20 0 0,44 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/30 0 28,90 40,16 28,24 0 0 0,45 1,16 0,08 0,10 0,20 0 0,66 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/31 0 30,24 34,90 32,27 0 0 0,66 0,95 0,09 0,08 0,12 0 0,64 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/33 0 29,71 39,02 28,69 0 0 0,46 1,67 0,03 0,04 0,09 0 0,25 0 0 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/34 0 31,01 32,77 33,92 0 0 0,34 0,95 0,15 0,09 0,11 0 0,61 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/35 0 27,65 44,67 24,81 0 0 0,80 1,40 0,06 0,11 0,17 0 0,27 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/36 0 29,93 37,45 30,60 0 0 0,59 0,99 0,02 0,04 0,17 0 0,15 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/37 0 30,94 33,40 32,75 0 0 0,76 1,19 0,08 0,09 0,30 0 0,41 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0,02 0 VH99/C1/SR/38 0 23,99 48,95 18,86 0 0 0,46 1,90 0,25 0,07 0,16 0,01 5,27 0 0,02 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/39 0 27,12 44,71 24,56 0 0 0,82 1,34 0,13 0,11 0,25 0 0,89 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/40 0 29,56 36,86 30,49 0 0 0,39 1,44 0,13 0,13 0,24 0 0,68 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/41 0 28,44 41,89 26,78 0 0 0,36 1,71 0,08 0,07 0,16 0 0,46 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,02 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/42 0 32,40 23,73 39,55 0 0 0,19 0,88 0,14 0,18 0,28 0 2,57 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0,02 VH99/C1/SR/43 0 28,67 41,59 27,38 0 0 0,68 1,19 0,04 0,09 0,08 0 0,24 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/44 0 32,03 29,92 35,61 0 0 0,19 0,66 0,18 0,05 0,24 0 1,05 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/45 0 29,94 36,05 31,70 0 0 0,23 1,05 0,07 0,07 0,06 0 0,77 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/46 0 25,79 47,72 24,27 0 0 0,46 1,26 0,04 0,07 0,15 0 0,22 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/47 0 22,86 56,53 14,02 0 0 0,79 1,89 0,19 0,03 0,23 0 3,34 0 0,01 0,01 0,04 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/48 0 28,87 39,85 29,02 0 0 0,36 1,10 0,07 0,08 0,06 0 0,54 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/49 0 29,73 37,19 29,85 0 0 0,42 1,38 0,24 0,11 0,25 0 0,75 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,03 VH99/C1/SR/50 0 30,12 35,53 31,63 0 0 0,62 1,63 0,03 0,09 0,08 0 0,24 0 0 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/51 0 34,45 25,07 38,92 0 0 0,45 0,68 0,03 0,06 0,13 0 0,16 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/52 0 34,73 23,58 39,23 0 0 0,50 0,82 0,05 0,08 0,08 0 0,89 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/53 0 32,35 30,97 34,48 0 0 0,39 0,84 0,15 0,11 0,20 0 0,45 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/54 0 35,57 21,86 40,66 0 0 0,25 0,79 0,04 0,13 0,14 0 0,51 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/55 0 34,27 23,11 40,62 0 0 0,30 1,07 0,08 0,07 0,22 0,01 0,21 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/56 0 25,07 52,68 18,18 0 0 0,51 2,14 0,27 0,05 0,20 0 0,82 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/57 0 26,71 43,79 24,47 0 0 0,80 1,64 0,25 0,13 0,29 0 1,85 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,02 VH99/C1/SR/58 0 29,66 38,51 29,40 0 0 0,36 1,20 0,09 0,07 0,14 0 0,51 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/59 0 30,35 36,24 30,60 0 0 0,30 1,32 0,13 0,07 0,13 0 0,80 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/60 0 29,86 37,84 30,22 0 0 0,52 1,11 0,05 0,07 0,14 0 0,14 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/61 0 28,26 43,39 26,19 0 0 0,63 1,00 0,04 0,09 0,15 0 0,21 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 MINERAL ADORNMENTS AT CHALCOLITHIC SITES IN INLAND IBERIA 197 Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 VH99/C1/SR/62 0 36,64 20,68 41,52 0 0 0,15 0,57 0,03 0,11 0,14 0 0,14 0 0,01 0 0 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/63 0 21,65 64,58 9,27 0 0 0,93 2,48 0,17 0,05 0,20 0,01 0,57 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/64 0 29,25 38,00 29,57 0 0 0,46 1,02 0,11 0,10 0,10 0 1,32 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/65 0 29,97 37,01 30,36 0 0 0,59 0,94 0,05 0,14 0,27 0 0,62 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/66 0 32,42 30,30 34,69 0 0 0,32 1,33 0,09 0,07 0,15 0,01 0,56 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/67 0 28,31 40,58 28,40 0 0 0,51 1,29 0,09 0,11 0,12 0 0,54 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/68 0 32,75 29,72 35,19 0 0 0,09 1,30 0,12 0,10 0,28 0 0,38 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,02 VH99/C1/SR/69 0 26,14 40,67 27,90 0 0 0,29 1,21 0,22 0,12 0,25 0 3,14 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/70 0 29,46 37,43 29,94 0 0 0,57 1,37 0,14 0,12 0,24 0 0,70 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/71 0 19,13 60,07 15,84 0 0 0,59 3,15 0,12 0,09 0,15 0 0,80 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/72 0 30,66 37,91 28,82 0 0 0,39 1,36 0,11 0,06 0,09 0 0,56 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/73 0 25,68 51,95 18,93 0 0 0,43 1,97 0,15 0,11 0,12 0 0,60 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/74 0 32,38 30,07 35,33 0 0 0,33 1,08 0,05 0,15 0,12 0 0,46 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/75 0 31,82 31,15 34,40 0 0 0,25 1,12 0,14 0,11 0,20 0 0,74 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/76 0 29,97 35,46 31,77 0 0 0,25 1,41 0,11 0,05 0,14 0 0,77 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/77 0 32,42 30,18 35,39 0 0 0,49 0,91 0,05 0,13 0,21 0 0,18 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/78 0 34,33 22,12 41,45 0 0 0,18 0,67 0,10 0,04 0,18 0 0,87 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/79 0 27,37 43,99 24,41 0 0 0,51 1,90 0,07 0,07 0,15 0 1,46 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/80 0 27,47 44,98 24,83 0 0 0,48 1,73 0,04 0,12 0,10 0 0,23 0 0 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/81 0 27,31 44,35 25,77 0 0 0,62 1,18 0,04 0,11 0,22 0 0,37 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/82 0 23,05 56,59 14,81 0 0 0,47 3,54 0,25 0,07 0,10 0 1,06 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/83 0 29,40 37,70 31,00 0 0 0,27 0,84 0,06 0,10 0,19 0 0,37 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/84 0 25,68 43,34 24,55 0 0 0,44 1,37 0,17 0,09 0,23 0,01 4,01 0 0,02 0 0,06 0,01 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/85 0 29,31 38,87 29,68 0 0 0,37 1,04 0,05 0,13 0,29 0,01 0,22 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/86 0 28,83 37,85 29,27 0 0 0,71 0,84 0,18 0,07 0,16 0 2,02 0 0,02 0 0,02 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/87 0 29,02 35,18 31,87 0 0 0,24 1,00 0,18 0,08 0,21 0 2,16 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,02 VH99/C1/SR/88 0 29,16 38,04 29,59 0 0 0,45 1,09 0,10 0,08 0,21 0 1,23 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/89 0 30,07 36,00 30,73 0 0 0,44 1,03 0,22 0,08 0,15 0 1,22 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/90 0 31,29 33,35 33,11 0 0 0,38 0,94 0,05 0,08 0,26 0 0,48 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/91 0 32,99 29,44 35,52 0 0 0,45 0,84 0,03 0,11 0,17 0 0,41 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/92 0 31,81 31,00 34,17 0 0 0,41 0,91 0,17 0,09 0,19 0 1,19 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/93 0 31,56 32,34 34,15 0 0 0,52 0,73 0,04 0,11 0,21 0 0,29 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/94 0 26,60 44,84 23,87 0 0 0,26 1,53 0,10 0,09 0,16 0 2,50 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/95 0 28,90 41,78 26,71 0 0 0,24 1,72 0,05 0,08 0,10 0 0,37 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/96 0 32,34 31,28 34,10 0 0 0,19 0,86 0,08 0,06 0,13 0 0,91 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/97 0 27,85 44,63 25,01 0 0 0,25 1,64 0,06 0,06 0,12 0 0,34 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/98 0 33,97 26,66 37,67 0 0 0,34 0,61 0,08 0,08 0,17 0 0,32 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/99 0 31,00 31,57 34,53 0 0 0,28 1,48 0,15 0,06 0,29 0 0,57 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,02 VH99/C1/SR/100 0 29,99 34,28 32,64 0 0 0,26 1,98 0,09 0,08 0,24 0 0,40 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/101 0 23,69 52,03 19,40 0 0 0,45 2,36 0,25 0,11 0,16 0 1,46 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,02 0,02 VH99/C1/SR/102 0 30,44 33,60 32,69 0 0 0,25 0,83 0,14 0,14 0,21 0 1,65 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/103 0 33,40 28,54 36,51 0 0 0,39 0,71 0,07 0,07 0,07 0 0,21 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/104 0 34,68 25,01 38,70 0 0 0,34 0,57 0,15 0,07 0,17 0 0,26 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/105 0 26,78 43,18 27,57 0 0 0,36 1,15 0,06 0,14 0,30 0 0,42 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/106 0 26,52 45,15 25,26 0 0 0,46 1,24 0,12 0,10 0,26 0 0,83 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0 198 R. BARROSO BERMEJO et al. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 VH99/C1/SR/107 0 30,42 31,49 34,56 0 0 0,36 0,82 0,14 0,10 0,18 0 1,86 0 0,02 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,02 VH99/C1/SR/108 0 32,52 29,78 35,67 0 0 0,33 0,69 0,10 0,11 0,21 0 0,51 0 0,03 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/109 0 28,32 39,35 30,04 0 0 0,33 0,94 0,10 0,13 0,20 0 0,53 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/110 0 31,12 35,20 31,87 0 0 0,40 0,97 0,02 0,13 0,05 0 0,19 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/111 0 26,74 44,24 23,34 0 0 0,57 1,42 0,19 0,15 0,22 0 3,07 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/112 0 31,45 33,17 33,30 0 0 0,33 1,12 0,06 0,04 0,09 0 0,40 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/113 0 28,52 36,55 31,00 0 0 0,76 0,85 0,26 0,10 0,26 0 1,61 0 0,02 0 0,04 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/114 0 32,78 29,59 35,25 0 0 0,32 1,08 0,06 0,09 0,32 0 0,47 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/115 0 20,55 65,09 8,28 0 0 0,52 3,67 0,12 0,10 0,32 0,01 1,29 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/116 0 31,29 32,54 33,63 0 0 0,24 1,01 0,05 0,13 0,28 0 0,77 0 0,02 0 0,02 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/117 0 30,90 32,56 33,78 0 0 0,43 1,66 0,09 0,08 0,25 0 0,22 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/118 0 33,48 27,16 37,46 0 0 0,47 0,79 0,11 0,05 0,17 0 0,27 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/119 0 21,82 52,26 16,34 0 0 0,37 2,29 0,21 0,10 0,17 0,01 6,34 0 0,02 0 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/120 0 35,52 21,46 41,54 0 0 0,33 0,50 0,04 0,16 0,17 0 0,25 0 0 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/121 0 32,29 29,87 35,23 0 0 0,22 1,36 0,13 0,07 0,21 0 0,54 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/122 0 25,39 43,55 25,32 0 0 0,51 0,88 0,25 0,11 0,26 0,01 3,61 0 0,02 0,01 0,04 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/123 0 44,54 5,62 38,43 0 0 0,14 0,31 0,06 0 0,04 0 3,15 0 7,57 0,09 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/124 0 30,81 33,61 33,16 0 0 0,61 1,15 0,05 0,07 0,17 0 0,31 0 0,02 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/125 0 26,36 47,09 22,80 0 0 0,40 2,25 0,13 0,19 0,25 0 0,49 0 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/126 0 31,39 33,41 33,51 0 0 0,49 0,63 0,03 0,07 0,14 0 0,26 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/127 0 30,73 35,51 31,82 0 0 0,13 1,31 0,02 0,06 0,07 0 0,30 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/128 0 34,31 25,06 38,48 0 0 0,16 1,14 0,08 0,08 0,08 0 0,56 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/129 0 28,02 40,58 28,41 0 0 0,15 2,30 0,05 0,10 0,11 0 0,23 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/130 0 28,84 39,71 28,59 0 0 0,32 1,22 0,05 0,13 0,08 0 0,98 0 0,02 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,02 VH99/C1/SR/131 0 33,23 27,63 37,23 0 0 0,38 0,87 0,05 0,11 0,16 0 0,30 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/132 0 26,85 45,82 24,00 0 0 0,58 1,94 0,09 0,12 0,20 0 0,37 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH99/C1/SR/133 0 28,51 39,86 28,23 0 0 0,75 1,61 0,15 0,07 0,19 0 0,57 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/134 0 34,61 24,21 39,04 0 0 0,33 0,48 0,09 0,09 0,20 0 0,86 0 0,01 0 0,04 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/135 0 29,77 34,19 32,58 0 0 0,66 1,68 0,06 0,14 0,16 0 0,69 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0,02 VH99/C1/SR/136 0 27,32 44,84 24,23 0 0 0,45 1,76 0,15 0,18 0,39 0,01 0,60 0 0,02 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/137 0 29,60 38,29 29,49 0 0 0,57 1,22 0,05 0,10 0,20 0 0,43 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0 VH99/C1/SR/138 0 32,44 25,95 39,04 0 0 0,66 0,62 0,14 0,08 0,31 0 0,66 0 0,03 0,01 0,03 0 0 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/139 0 31,89 29,59 35,58 0 0 0,16 1,55 0,11 0,11 0,17 0 0,78 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/140 0 21,44 61,91 10,56 0 0 0,50 3,93 0,14 0,15 0,12 0 1,16 0 0,02 0,01 0,02 0 0,02 0,01 VH99/C1/SR/141 0 31,98 29,97 35,50 0 0 0,59 1,16 0,03 0,11 0,19 0 0,42 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0 0 VH/C1/P1/15 0 28,51 42,90 25,64 0 0 0,81 1,39 0,07 0,10 0,22 0 0,32 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/P1/16 0 29,08 38,09 29,58 0 0 0,57 1,78 0,08 0,08 0,14 0 0,55 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0 0 VH/C1/P1/17 0 25,40 47,54 22,52 0 0 0,89 1,07 0,38 0,13 0,30 0,01 1,64 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0,03 VH/C1/P1/18 0 27,89 41,51 27,57 0 0 0,72 1,82 0,08 0,07 0,13 0 0,16 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/P1/19 0 29,65 35,85 31,59 0 0 0,26 1,38 0,11 0,13 0,22 0 0,74 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/P1/20 0 23,13 49,14 19,39 0 0 0,23 1,97 0,28 0,06 0,24 0,01 5,46 0 0,02 0 0,04 0,01 0 0,01 VH/C1/P1/21 0 25,76 47,68 23,59 0 0 0,39 1,38 0,11 0,06 0,26 0 0,73 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/P1/22 0 25,21 53,99 16,97 0 0 1,27 1,29 0,16 0,09 0,19 0,01 0,75 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH/C1/P1/23 0 28,95 37,84 30,29 0 0 0,40 1,19 0,15 0,04 0,09 0 0,98 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/22 0 24,38 51,24 19,93 0 0 0,88 1,66 0,14 0,19 0,11 0 1,38 0 0,02 0,01 0,01 0 0,02 0,01 MINERAL ADORNMENTS AT CHALCOLITHIC SITES IN INLAND IBERIA 199 Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 VH/C1/C1/I/23 0 25,34 50,88 20,81 0 0 0,71 1,51 0,10 0,10 0,11 0 0,42 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/24 0 26,36 50,39 19,47 0 0 0,20 2,60 0,26 0,05 0,26 0 0,36 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/25 0 26,96 44,83 23,89 0 0 0,29 1,98 0,29 0,06 0,21 0 1,42 0 0,02 0 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/26 0 28,31 40,03 27,74 0 0 0,21 2,02 0,16 0,08 0,23 0 1,16 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/27 0 27,02 44,82 24,93 0 0 0,60 1,54 0,14 0,11 0,17 0 0,63 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/28 0 26,35 46,35 24,11 0 0 0,29 1,93 0,15 0,11 0,18 0 0,46 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/29 0 25,48 50,83 18,93 0 0 0,83 3,07 0,09 0,06 0,20 0 0,44 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/30 0 28,90 40,16 28,24 0 0 0,45 1,16 0,08 0,10 0,20 0 0,66 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH/C1/C1/I/31 0 33,14 23,11 40,69 0 0 0,33 0,36 0,21 0,05 0,39 0 1,65 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/32 0 30,24 34,90 32,27 0 0 0,66 0,95 0,09 0,08 0,12 0 0,64 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/33 0 29,04 40,56 27,34 0 0 0,58 1,98 0,06 0,09 0,10 0 0,23 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/34 0 31,01 32,77 33,92 0 0 0,34 0,95 0,15 0,09 0,11 0 0,61 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/35 0 25,81 46,62 22,47 0 0 1,34 2,80 0,16 0,06 0,19 0 0,46 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/36 0 21,24 63,36 10,30 0 0 0,19 3,43 0,19 0,14 0,27 0 0,82 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/37 0 26,42 44,80 25,53 0 0 0,35 1,15 0,23 0,12 0,26 0,01 1,05 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/38 0 26,54 42,98 25,31 0 0 0,43 1,20 0,06 0,10 0,12 0 3,22 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH/C1/C1/I/39 0 28,79 41,36 27,11 0 0 0,34 1,39 0,18 0,08 0,23 0 0,45 0 0,02 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/40 0 31,63 30,23 35,23 0 0 0,11 1,09 0,13 0,06 0,21 0 1,26 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/41 0 25,67 51,69 18,71 0 0 1,48 1,27 0,19 0,08 0,23 0 0,61 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/42 0 30,53 32,49 34,12 0 0 0,35 1,23 0,21 0,11 0,21 0 0,69 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/43 0 23,11 56,23 15,16 0 0 1,41 2,02 0,21 0,11 0,38 0,01 1,30 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/44 0 29,40 37,00 30,78 0 0 0,47 0,89 0,19 0,11 0,25 0 0,83 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/45 0 28,13 39,45 28,85 0 0 0,23 1,54 0,12 0,06 0,26 0 1,31 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/46 0 27,01 43,29 23,89 0 0 0,70 1,56 0,10 0,07 0,34 0,01 2,98 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/47 0 34,78 24,02 39,54 0 0 0,21 0,94 0,04 0,06 0,14 0 0,23 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/48 0 31,16 30,53 35,51 0 0 0,17 2,06 0,06 0,07 0,11 0 0,28 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/49 0 25,58 52,01 18,84 0 0 1,43 1,17 0,10 0,09 0,13 0 0,61 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/50 0 31,27 31,83 35,61 0 0 0,15 0,70 0,02 0,06 0,13 0 0,18 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/51 0 28,09 42,96 25,64 0 0 0,54 1,73 0,07 0,15 0,22 0 0,55 0 0,01 0 0 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/53 0 25,36 46,45 24,44 0 0 0,37 1,64 0,16 0,04 0,11 0 1,36 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0,01 0 VH/C1/C1/I/54 0 29,58 38,36 29,73 0 0 0,61 1,06 0,07 0,07 0,16 0 0,32 0 0 0 0,01 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/55 0 27,73 39,35 29,78 0 0 0,23 1,02 0,16 0,15 0,21 0 1,32 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/56 0 32,65 29,30 35,87 0 0 0,26 1,33 0,04 0,07 0,15 0 0,27 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/57 0 26,74 47,55 21,03 0 0 0,96 2,54 0,11 0,07 0,09 0 0,87 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/58 0 29,60 36,58 30,79 0 0 0,38 1,25 0,13 0,09 0,18 0 0,94 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/59 0 29,87 36,17 31,45 0 0 0,28 0,94 0,11 0,09 0,17 0 0,83 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/60 0 23,38 56,50 13,91 0 0 1,29 3,70 0,13 0,06 0,21 0 0,74 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/61 0 24,08 51,77 20,31 0 0 0,67 1,40 0,20 0,08 0,18 0 1,23 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/62 0 30,51 34,99 31,74 0 0 0,29 1,56 0,10 0,07 0,14 0 0,55 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/63 0 26,50 46,74 23,65 0 0 0,43 1,60 0,06 0,05 0,12 0 0,80 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/64 0 31,18 33,46 32,47 0 0 0,46 1,60 0,08 0,08 0,22 0 0,41 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/65 0 29,44 38,61 28,88 0 0 0,40 1,77 0,05 0,09 0,19 0 0,53 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/66 0 31,63 34,13 32,56 0 0 0,54 0,54 0,05 0,05 0,18 0 0,28 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/67 0 23,40 57,47 14,60 0 0 0,77 2,00 0,09 0,05 0,17 0 1,39 0 0,01 0 0,04 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/68 0 26,15 47,07 23,21 0 0 0,22 1,37 0,17 0,09 0,15 0 1,50 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 200 R. BARROSO BERMEJO et al. Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, Vol. 21, No 3, (2021), pp. 177-203 VH/C1/C1/I/69 0 33,20 28,58 36,51 0 0 0,19 0,75 0,07 0,18 0,16 0 0,32 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/70 0 29,58 38,38 29,22 0 0 0,44 1,20 0,06 0,08 0,15 0 0,78 0 0,01 0 0,09 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/71 0 25,47 53,50 14,92 0 0 0,99 3,46 0,16 0,06 0,16 0,01 1,19 0 0,02 0,01 0,02 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/72 0 28,23 41,21 27,65 0 0 0,49 1,53 0,04 0,12 0,21 0 0,48 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/73 0 16,12 50,50 5,01 0 0 2,26 23,52 0,29 0,04 0,24 0 1,92 0 0,01 0,01 0,02 0 0,02 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/74 0 22,36 55,58 15,59 0 0 0,41 2,57 0,23 0,09 0,21 0 2,85 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0,01 0,02 VH/C1/C1/I/75 0 29,27 38,20 29,72 0 0 0,33 1,87 0,08 0,09 0,10 0 0,30 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/76 0 30,53 34,30 32,46 0 0 0,40 0,95 0,16 0,11 0,23 0 0,78 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/77 0 29,32 39,98 27,83 0 0 0,37 1,68 0,09 0,10 0,19 0,01 0,38 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/78 0 28,90 39,95 28,22 0 0 0,29 1,60 0,11 0,09 0,19 0 0,59 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/I/79 0 30,11 36,41 31,08 0 0 0,13 1,37 0,05 0,06 0,18 0 0,58 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/80 0 30,07 36,22 30,91 0 0 0,19 1,93 0,08 0,09 0,08 0 0,40 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/81 0 22,11 62,69 9,53 0 0 1,99 2,04 0,26 0,07 0,15 0,01 1,04 0 0,02 0,01 0,03 0 0 VH/C1/C1/I/82 0 31,67 31,40 34,81 0 0 0,28 0,71 0,23 0,08 0,32 0 0,40 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH/C1/C1/I/83 0 31,81 32,33 33,98 0 0 0,29 0,66 0,17 0,09 0,19 0 0,41 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 VH/C1/C1/II/12 0 42,01 4,21 51,98 0 0 0,13 0,09 0,01 0,09 0,04 0 1,30 0 0,10 0,01 0,02 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/II/13 0 31,80 29,25 36,21 0 0 0,23 1,27 0,13 0,17 0,23 0 0,67 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/II/14 0 26,89 45,59 23,16 0 0 0,58 2,87 0,14 0,05 0,12 0 0,54 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH/C1/C1/II/15 0 32,94 27,41 37,39 0 0 0,18 0,84 0,07 0,13 0,13 0 0,85 0 0,02 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/II/16 0 33,80 25,38 38,73 0 0 0,17 0,96 0,06 0,11 0,16 0 0,57 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/II/17 0 33,04 27,41 38,06 0 0 0,17 0,81 0,08 0,08 0,08 0 0,24 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/II/18 0 31,80 31,16 34,22 0 0 0,39 1,03 0,25 0,08 0,12 0 0,88 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/II/19 0 29,93 38,49 29,21 0 0 0,26 1,24 0,09 0,09 0,32 0,01 0,33 0 0,01 0 0 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/II/20 0 29,77 34,51 32,40 0 0 0,11 1,10 0,10 0,11 0,20 0 1,64 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/II/21 0 33,61 25,83 38,21 0 0 0,12 1,11 0,23 0,15 0,16 0 0,51 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/P1/II/22 0 30,48 33,85 32,59 0 0 0,14 1,26 0,06 0,18 0,18 0 1,18 0 0,02 0 0,02 0 0 0 VH/C1/P1/II/23 0 24,32 50,80 19,11 0 0 0,28 2,19 0,15 0,13 0,18 0 2,77 0 0,01 0 0,03 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/II/24 0 32,41 32,61 33,28 0 0 0,43 0,64 0,04 0,12 0,15 0 0,28 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/II/25 0 28,29 41,38 26,67 0 0 0,08 1,91 0,20 0,08 0,10 0 1,24 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,02 VH/C1/C1/II/26 0 18,63 48,26 21,48 0 0 0,20 1,11 0,29 0,05 0,28 0,01 9,54 0 0,03 0 0,06 0,01 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/II/27 0 28,78 41,08 27,65 0 0 0,34 1,32 0,05 0,11 0,13 0 0,49 0 0,01 0 0,02 0,01 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/II/28 0 25,24 46,64 22,89 0 0 0,14 1,52 0,12 0,10 0,23 0,01 3,04 0 0,02 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/II/29 0 20,95 57,93 15,37 0 0 0,44 2,51 0,37 0,07 0,19 0 2,04 0 0,02 0,01 0,03 0,01 0,02 0,02 VH/C1/C1/II/30 0 27,84 44,35 24,49 0 0 0,74 1,33 0,10 0,07 0,21 0 0,78 0 0,01 0 0,03 0,01 0,01 0 VH/C1/C1/II/31 0 21,85 57,36 13,12 0 0 0,54 2,95 0,11 0,06 0,16 0 3,79 0 0,02 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 VH/C1/C1/II/32 0 33,25 27,89 36,83 0 0 0,18 1,06 0,08 0,06 0,10 0 0,51 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,02 VH/C1/C1/II/33 0 23,82 56,41 15,50 0 0 0,83 2,18 0,15 0,09 0,13 0 0,82 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0 0,02 VH/C1/C1/II/34 0 34,81 24,63 39,31 0 0 0,21 0,58 0,04 0,12 0,08 0 0,18 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0 VH/C1/C1/II/35 0 28,51 38,45 29,32 0 0 0,33 0,68 0,13 0,06 0,27 0 2,20 0 0,01 0 0,01 0 0 0,01 VH/C1/C1/II/36 0 26,52 47,67 23,11 0 0 0,40 1,36 0,10 0,06 0,18 0 0,54 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0,01 0 VH/C1/C1/II/37 0 32,28 30,02 35,08 0 0 0,28 1,22 0,13 0,08 0,18 0 0,67 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/II/38 0 28,71 38,37 30,57 0 0 0,19 1,05 0,21 0,07 0,13 0 0,65 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/P1/II/39 0 26,35 48,16 21,47 0 0 0,22 2,51 0,13 0,06 0,14 0 0,89 0 0,01 0 0,02 0 0,01 0 VH/C1/C1/II/40 0 29,56 39,69 27,67 0 0 1,11 1,25 0,06 0,09 0,10 0 0,40 0 0,03 0 0,01 0 0,01 0,01 VH/C1/C1/II/41 0 30,33 34,25 32,68 0 0 0,33 1,39 0,11 0,05 0,09 0 0,72 0 0,01 0,01 0,01 0 0,01 0