The use of HBIM as a tool for detecting the habitability of the franciscan heritage buildings. The case of Monastery of Santa Clara de La Columna (Belalcazar, Spain)

a cura di stefano bertocci federico cioli Franciscan Landscapes Conservation, Protection and Use of Religious Cultural Heritage in the Digital Era vol. 2 La serie di pubblicazioni scientifiche della Collana Bianca ha l’obiettivo di diffondere i risultati delle ricerche e dei progetti realizzati dal Dipartimento di Architettura DIDA dell’Università degli Studi di Firenze in ambito nazionale e internazionale. Ogni volume è soggetto a una procedura di accettazione e valutazione qualitativa basata sul giudizio tra pari gestita dal Comitato Scientifico della Collana Ricerche. Architettura, Pianificazione, Paesaggio, Design del Dipartimento di Architettura con Firenze University Press. Tutte le pubblicazioni sono inoltre open access sul Web (didapress.it), per favorire non solo la diffusione ma anche una valutazione aperta a tutta la comunità scientifica internazionale. Il Dipartimento di Architettura dell’Università di Firenze promuove e sostiene questa collana per offrire un contributo alla ricerca internazionale sul progetto, sia sul piano teorico-critico che operativo. The Collana Bianca series of scientific publications has the purpose of disseminating the results of national and international research and project carried out by the Department of Architecture of the University of Florence (DIDA). The volumes are subject to a qualitative process of acceptance and evaluation based on peer review, which is entrusted to the Scientific Publications Committee of the Department of Architecture with Florence University Press. Furthermore, all publications are available on an open-access basis on the Internet (didapress.it), which not only favors their diffusion, but also fosters an effective evaluation from the entire international scientific community. The Department of Architecture of the University of Florence promotes and supports this series in order to offer a useful contribution to international research on architectural design, both at the theoretico-critical and operative levels. collana bianca | architettura pianificazione paesaggio design Editor-in-Chief Francesco Valerio Collotti | University of Florence, Italy Scientific Board Gianpiero Alfarano | University of Florence, Italy; Barbara Aterini | University of Florence, Italy; Carla Balocco | University of Florence, Italy; Susanna Caccia Gherardini | University of Florence, Italy; Maria De Santis | University of Florence, Italy; Letizia Dipasquale | University of Florence, Italy; Giulio Giovannoni | University of Florence, Italy; Lamia Hadda | University of Florence, Italy; Anna Lambertini | University of Florence, Italy; Francesca Mugnai | University of Florence, Italy; Luisa Rovero | University of Florence, Italy; Marco Tanganelli | University of Florence, Italy International Scientific Board Daniela Bosia | Politecnico di Torino; Nicola Braghieri | EPFL - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland; Lucina Caravaggi | University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy; Federico Cinquepalmi | ISPRA, The Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Italy; Margaret Crawford, University of California Berkeley, United States; Maria Grazia D’Amelio | University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy; Francesco Saverio Fera | University of Bologna, Italy; Carlo Francini | Comune di Firenze, Italy; Sebastian Garcia Garrido | University of Malaga, Spain; Medina Lasansky | Cornell University, United States; Jesus Leache | University of Zaragoza, Spain; Heather Hyde Minor | University of Notre Dame, United States; Tomaso Monestiroli | Politecnico di Milano; Danilo Palazzo | University of Cincinnati, United States; Pablo Rodríguez Navarro | Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain; Ombretta Romice | University of Strathclyde, Scotland; Silvia Ross | University College Cork, Ireland; Monica Rossi-Schwarzenbeck | Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Germany; Jolanta Sroczynska | Cracow University of Te ch n ol o gy, Po land ; Hua Xiaoning | Nanjing University Emeritus Board Paolo Felli | Emeritus Professor, University of Florence Saverio Mecca | Emeritus Professor, University of Florence Raffaele Paloscia | Emeritus Professor, University of Florence Maria Concetta Zoppi | Emerita Professor, University of Florence edited by stefano bertocci federico cioli Franciscan Landscapes Conservation, Protection and Use of Religious Cultural Heritage in the Digital Era vol. 2 Stampato su carta di pura cellulosa Fedrigoni Arcoset didapress Dipartimento di Architettura Università degli Studi di Firenze via della Mattonaia, 8 Firenze 50121 © 2024 ISBN 978-88-3338-222-7 progetto grafico didacommunication lab Dipartimento di Architettura Università degli Studi di Firenze ‘F-ATLAS − Franciscan Landscapes: the Observance between Italy, Portugal and Spain’ project was funded in 2020 by the JPICH 2019 Conservation, Protection and Use Call. Project Leader: Università degli Studi di Firenze. Principal Investigators: ISCTE Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Universitat de Barcelona, Universidade Católica Portuguesa. Associate Partners: ICOMOS Portugal, Sisma srl, Regione Umbria, Direção Regional de Cultura do Centro, Provincia Serafica di San Francesco d'Assisi dei Frati Minori. This volume collects the papers presented at the concluding conference of the European project ‘F-ATLAS: Franciscan Landscapes: The Observance between Italy, Portugal and Spain’ that took place in Assisi, May 11-13, 2023. The publication underwent a peer-review-based acceptance and qualitative evaluation procedure entrusted to the conference’s Scientific Committee using the double peer-blind review system. F-ATLAS CONFERENCE − Franciscan Observance Landscapes, Assisi, May 11-13, 2023. Promoting Committee Stefano Bertocci, Soraya Genin, Maria Soler Sala, Maria Filomena Andrade. Organizing Committee Maria Filomena Andrade, Stefano Bertocci, Federico Cioli, Anastasia Cottini, Blanca Garí de Aguilera, Soraya Genin, João Luís Inglês Fontes, Núria Jornet Benito, Francesco Salvestrini, Maria Soler Sala, Carlos Fernando Teixeira Alves, Rolando Volzone. Scientific Commiteee Filomena Andrade, Stefano Bertocci, Fabio Bianconi, Matteo Bigongiari, Stefano Brusaporci, Alessandro Camiz, Pilar Chías Navarro, Xavier Costa Badia, Gabriel Horacio Defranco, Francesca Fatta, Maria Dolores Fraga Sampedro, Isabella Gagliardi, Blanca Garí de Aguilera, Soraya Genin, Saul António Gomes, Andrea Giordano, Anna Guarducci, João Luis Inglês Fontes, Nuria Jornet Benito, Rosa Lluch Bramon, Federica Maietti, João Luís Marques, Luciano Migliaccio, Andrea Nanetti, Sandro Parrinello, Silvia María Pérez González, Francesca Picchio, Cristiano Riminesi, Pablo Rodríguez-Navarro, Maria de Lurdes Rosa, Adriana Rossi, Francesco Salvestrini, Maria Soler Sala, Roberta Spallone. Scientific Secretariat Roberta Ferretti. in copertina Façade of the Basilica di Santa Maria degli Angeli, Assisi (Italy). Drawing by Stefano Bertocci. indexindex VOLUME 1 Introduction Stefano Bertocci, Federico Cioli Presentation Francesco Piloni Foreword Giuseppe De Luca Benedictine Monasteries in Umbria. A Benchmark of the Monastic Settlements of Benedictine Rule Giustino Farnedi PART I History and Architecture of the Franciscan Observance The Franciscan Observance in Portugal. Memories and Archives Maria Filomena Andrade, João Luis Inglês Fontes, Carlos Fernando Teixeira Alves Franciscan Observance in Italy Francesco Salvestrini Modulation and Allegories in the Franciscan Mother-churches of Saint Francis and Saint Clare in Assisi André Franz De Naeyer Repara domum meam. The Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli in Assisi as an Example of Sustainability ante litteram Paolo Belardi, Valeria Menchetelli, Francesco Cotana The Franciscan Reconstruction of the Church of S. Fermo in Verona in the Architectural Context of the Venetian Gothic (13th-14th Centuries) Angelo Passuello Os Sanctos Reys. Memory of the Practices around the Tombs of the Founders of Saint Clare Monastery in Vila do Conde Raquel Lourenço Conventets in the Crown of Aragon (13th-16th Centuries) Pilar Abellan Millán 15 19 21 25 29 31 43 53 65 77 89 99 franciscan landscapes • stefano bertocci, federico cioli• stefano bertocci, federico cioli 334 The Convent of san Francisco in Palencia. The Graphic Trace of a History in Constant Change 109 Victor-Antonio Lafuente Sánchez, Daniel López Bragado, Alejandra Duarte Montes Affinities between the Third Orden Regular of Saint Francis of Penance and the Franciscan Observance. The Monastery of Santa Catalina of Montefaro (Galicia, Spain) 121 Maria Luz Ríos Rodriguez, Maria Dolores Fraga Sampedro Re-narrating Cultural Heritage identity. The Church of the Nativity in ‘Trattato delle piante et imagini de i sacri edificii di Terrasanta’ of Bernardino Amico and Digital history-making Representation 135 Massimiliano Savorra, Silvia La Placa Three Cloisters, two Churches and a Tower. From Colegio de Misiones de San Joaquín to Convent of San Francisco in Cali, Colombia (1751-2010) 149 Erik Abdel Figueroa Pereira, Costanza Cobo Fray Church and Convent of San Francisco in Cartagena de Indias. Its Evolutionary Process over Time 159 Ricardo Alberto Zabaleta Puello The Franciscan ensemble in São Paulo. Convent and Churches 167 Beatriz Piccolotto Siqueira Bueno, Luiz Guilherme de Souza Piagentini, Luciano Migliaccio, Renata Maria de Almeida Martins, Regina Helena Vieira Santos PART II Digital Survey and Documentation of Cultural Heritage 179 Franciscan Landscapes: Recording and Monitoring European Religious Architectural Heritage 181 Stefano Bertocci Digital Survey for the Interpretation of the Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli in Assisi. From the Porziuncola of Saint Francis to the Basilica-reliquiary of Galeazzo Alessi 195 Claudia Cerbai 335 History and Construction Chronology of the Convent of San Vivaldo in Montaione (FI) 207 Lorenzo Matteoli Documentation and Valorization of Convents of Minor Orders and the Most Important Pilgrimage Sites in Tuscany. The Case Study of San Vivaldo in Montaione (FI) 221 Giovanni Pancani The Convent of San Nicola in Arischia. Survey and Knowledge 233 Stefano Brusaporci, Pamela Maiezza, Andrea Ruggieri Integrated Digital Survey Techniques for the Documentation of the Artistic Heritage of the Franciscan Observance: the Pictorial Cycle of the Indulgence of Porziuncola by Tiberio d’Assisi 247 Roberta Ferretti Igumen Rupestrian House Data 261 Carmela Crescenzi Survey of the State of Conservation of the Monastery of Sant Miquel d’Escornalbou in Tarragona (Spain) through Digital, Analytical and IR Techniques 271 Sofia Brizzi Tejeda Monastery, Garaballa (Cuenca, Spain). Testing Methodologies for Graphic Survey 283 Pablo Rodriguez-Navarro, Teresa Gil-Piqueras, Andrea Ruggieri, Ada Rueda García, Cynthia Cuahutencos Meza Interdisciplinary Perspective on the Post-earthquake Restoration of Monumental Religious Buildings. The Franciscan Convent of San Guillermo de Totalapan in Mexico 295 Matteo Bigongiari, Vieri Cardinali, Jacopo Vitale Digital documentation techniques for planning restoration works in the Basilica of Nativity 307 Sandro Parrinello, Francesca Picchio Index of Religious Places 321 index franciscan landscapes • stefano bertocci, federico cioli• stefano bertocci, federico cioli 604 a methodological debate and practical experimentation to apply this type of documentation in a broader process of heritage conservation and maintenance (López et al., 2017). 3. Graphic support as an analysis tool Therefore, the question that arises in this research is not the achievement of high-pre- cision three-dimensional BIM modelling but the exploration of the possibilities of the tool in the field of architectural survey and representation as a way of knowing a heritage property in relation to its contemporaneity. In this way, it focuses on developing and implementing those parameters that allow managing patrimonial and habitability information. When modelling a new building, BIM-based systems provide parametric objects of generic shapes, ordered by type of family, which are easily adaptable to each specific case. In relation to heritage buildings, current object libraries are very limited and therefore make it difficult to achieve a satisfactory representation of architecture (Alcinia Zita, 2021). opposite page Fig. 3 Comparison through the visualization of the habitat level parameter in a monastery cell. • Fig. 2 Image of the process of digitization of habitability parameters in the heritage context of the Convent of Santa Clara de la Columna in Belalcázar (Córdoba). 605 To correctly analyse all the aspects related to the reality of the monastery, a constructive analysis is necessary given the traces and historical growth, the constructive solutions adopted and the behaviour associated with the forms of life in the space. In relation to the method used, there are two aspects. First, several HBIM surveys were documented to carry out a critical analysis of the process used and the assignment of information, and then, we conducted our own survey. To erect the convent, the case made by Manuel Castellano Román (2017) has mainly been followed. Similar to the characterization of spaces by levels (urgency, conservation, vulnerability and visitability) being derived from a previous definition of the construction elements, this research proposes in parallel to carry out a characterization that allows evaluating the level of habitability of a space within a heritage context. The dimensional and constructive definition and the heritage characterization through the creation and assignment of parameters related to pathologies, state of conservation, interventions, etc., allowed an objective reflection on aspects related to the comfort, safety and accessibility of living spaces. These parameters are defined from the technical code that governs the requirements of living spaces and housing conditions that the WHO contemplates in its environmental consideration of the person. 4. Graphic parameters of coexistence between heritage and habitat The parameterization of elements and spaces of the model has allowed the objectification of the technical characteristics to proceed to the parameterization of spaces. This succession allows a filtering and deep understanding of a reflection on the space of architecture and its pablo manuel millán-millán, maria dolores robador gonzalezpablo manuel millán-millán, maria dolores robador gonzalez franciscan landscapes • stefano bertocci, federico cioli• stefano bertocci, federico cioli 606 behaviour through graphic representation. The parameterization of the patrimonial and housing levels of the convent have made it possible to demonstrate the already indisputable reality of guardianship and the domesticity and practicality of a space whose maintenance is not only based on its protection but also on its use derived from the complicity of the community that inhabits it. As a consequence of this scalar definition of the material volume to the empty space that it encloses, deficiencies have been detected in the habitability of certain spaces directly related to factors such as the type of protection, the demand for environmental conservation of their finishes, the presence of elements that prevent accessibility and, in contrast, others that, despite being in the same patrimonial register, manage to converge in the common operation. 5. Conclusions The representation and visualization of heritage beyond a traditional survey by means of parameterization as a method of the objectification of architectural realities and as a tool for identifying, cataloguing, measuring, visualizing and comparing aspects has allowed observations of the relationship between the construction and the interior behaviour of the complex ‘city’ that has governed its evolution.Through the development of new research vectors applied to heritage in parallel to habitable space, we have determined patterns of behaviour that have allowed us to make spaces for daily life compatible with maximum heritage protection. The graph of all these spaces, together with the deep development of new parameters, has been the main objective from which we have been able to analyse all the results obtained. • Fig. 4 Phase and parameters associated with a cell (room). 607 Credits This publication is part of the I+D+I project US.22.04, financed by the Junta de Andalucía, through the Secretaría General de Vivienda de la Consejería de Fomento, Articulación del Territorio y Vivienda ; and PID 2020-115786 GB-100 research project, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Bibliographical references Castellano Román M. 2017, La Cartuja de Nuestra Señora de la Defensión en Jerez de la Frontera: un modelo digital de información para la tutela de bienes inmuebles del patrimonio cultural. Tesis de Doctorado, Universidad de Sevilla. Garagnani S. 2013, Building Information Modeling and real world knowledge: A methodological approach to accurate semantic documentation for the built environment. Digital Heritage International Congress (DigitalHeritage), pp. 489-96. González Pérez C. 2018, Modelado de información para arqueología y antropología: principios de ingeniería software pata patrimonio cultural. Create Space Independent Publishing Platform. Logothetis S., Delinasiou A., Stylianidis E. 2015, Building Information Modelling for Cultural Heritage: a Review. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, vol. 2, n.5, pp. 177-183. López F.J., Lerones P.M., Llamas J., Gómez-García-Bermejo J., Zalama E. 2017, A Framework for Using Point Cloud Data of Heritage Buildings Toward Geometry Modeling in A BIM Context: A Case Study on Santa Maria La Real De Mave Church. International Journal of Architectural Heritage, vol. 11, n. 7, pp. 965-986. Murphy M., McGovern E., Pavia S. 2009, Historic building information modelling (HBIM). Structural Survey, vol. 27, n. 4, pp. 311-327. Pinto Puerto F., Angulo Fornos R., Castellano Román M., Guerrero Vega J. M., Pastor Gil, F. 2012, Construcción de una base cartográfica activa para el conjunto arqueológico de Itálica. Boletín del Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico, 20(83), pp. 116-119. Sampaio Alcinia Z., Gomes Augusto M. 2021, BIM Interoperability Analyses in Structure Design. CivilEng, vol. 2, n. 1, pp. 174-192. Volk R., Stengel J., Schultmann F. 2014, Building Information Modelling (BIM) for existing buildings. Literature review and future needs. Automation in Construction, n. 38, pp. 109-127. pablo manuel millán-millán, maria dolores robador gonzalezpablo manuel millán-millán, maria dolores robador gonzalez Finito di stampare da Rubbettino print | Soveria Mannelli (CZ) per conto di didapress Dipartimento di Architettura Università degli Studi di Firenze 2024 ISBN 978-88-3338-222-7 The volumes present contributions from the International F-ATLAS Conference, promoted within the European project “F-ATLAS – Franciscan Landscapes: The Observance between Italy, Portugal and Spain”, funded in 2020 by the JPICH 2019 Conservation, Protection and Use Call. The Conference brought together experts from various disciplines, including history, architecture, geography, digital humanities, and computer science, creating a rich and comprehensive interdisciplinary dialogue. Participants from renowned international universities offered unique insights into the Franciscan Observance and its impact on European Cultural Heritage. The contributions examined the past and sparked discussions on the future of documenting and safeguarding religious heritage. Integrating historical research with technological progress opens exciting possibilities to create comprehensive digital archives, virtual reconstructions, and immersi- ve experiences that can bridge the gap between the past and the present. Stefano Bertocci is Full Professor at the Department of Architecture of the University of Florence. He led numerous research projects on the opportunities offered by 3D digital surveys and remote sensing in archaeology, architecture, and urban planning. His major works include research on Architectural Heritage in Europe and Latin America, wooden architecture in Russia and investigations of various archaeological sites in Europe and the Middle East. Federico Cioli is a Research Fellow and Contract Professor at the Department of Architecture of the University of Florence. His research addresses historical architecture, urban centres, and digital documentation, focusing on the relationship between tangible and intangible cultural heritage. His main activity includes research on the historical and traditional trade in Florence’s UNESCO city centre and the cultural heritage of historical theatres.