Sistemas de información Ejecutivos (EIS): Un estudio descriptivo sobre la situación en España
Full text
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
6,67(0$6 '( ,1)250$&,Ï1 (-(&87,926 (,6 81 (678',2
'(6&5,37,9262%5(/$6,78$&,Ï1(1(63$ $
-RVp/XLV5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR'HSDUWDPHQWRGH$GPLQLVWUDFLyQGH(PSUHVDV
0DUNHWLQJ8QLYHUVLGDGGH6HYLOODHPDLOMOUROGDQ#FLFDHV
3DODEUDVFODYH6LVWHPDGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRHVWXGLRHPS ULFRKDUGZDUH
VRIWZDUH
,1752'8&&,Ï1
'HVGHSULQFLSLRVGHODGpFDGDGHORVRFKHQWDVHREVHUYDHQ(VWDGRV8QLGRVXQ
FUHFLPLHQWR GH VLVWHPDV GH LQIRUPDFLyQ EDVDGRV HQ RUGHQDGRUHV TXH VRQ
HPSOHDGRV SRU ORV DOWRV HMHFXWLYRV GH ODV RUJDQL]DFLRQHV (Q (VSDxD HVWD
H[SDQVLyQ FRPHQ]y DSULQFLSLRV GH ORV QRYHQWD 6LQ HPEDUJR QRV
HQFRQWUDPRV FRQ OD DXVHQFLD GH WUDEDMRV GH LQYHVWLJDFLyQ HPS ULFRV TXH
WHQJDQFRPRREMHWRGHHVWXGLRORVVLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,6(Q
HVWHVHQWLGRHOSUHVHQWHHVWXGLRSUHWHQGHSURIXQGL]DUHQ HOFRQRFLPLHQWRGH
ORV (,6 HQ (VSDxD FRQFHQWUiQGRQRV SULQFLSDOPHQWH HQORV HOHPHQWRV
HVWUXFWXUDOHVEiVLFRVTXHORVFRQIRUPDQ
6,67(0$6 '( ,1)250$&,Ï1 (-(&87,926 (,6 &21&(372 <
6,*1,),&$'2
([LVWHQGRVGHQRPLQDFLRQHVTXHVRQXVDGDVDYHFHVGHIRUPDLQGLVWLQWDSDUD
GHVFULELUDTXHOORVVLVWHPDV GHLQIRUPDFLyQEDVDGRV HQRUGHQDGRUHV TXHVRQ
XVDGRV R DSR DQ DGLUHFWLYRV GH DOWR QLYHO :DWVRQ HW DO S
([HFXWLYH ,QIRUPDWLRQ 6 VWHPV (,6 ([HFXWLYH 6XSSRUW 6 VWHPV (66
0LHQWUDV HO SULPHU WpUPLQR KDFH UHIHUHQFLD D XQ VLVWHPD GH VXPLQLVWUR GH
LQIRUPDFLyQHOVHJXQGRKDFHDOXVLyQDXQVLVWHPDGHLQIRUPDFLyQFRQPD RUHV
FDSDFLGDGHV 5RFNDUW 'H/RQJ(QWUHHVWDV FDSDFLGDGHV DGLFLRQDOHV
HQFRQWUDPRV FRPXQLFDFLRQHV HOHFWUyQLFDV FRUUHR HOHFWUyQLFR Y GHR
FRQIHUHQFLDHWFDQiOLVLVGHGDWRV KRMDVGHFiOFXOREDVHVGH GDWRV'66
HWF IXQFLRQHVGHDXWRPDWL]DFLyQGHRILFLQDV
$XQTXH DPERV WpUPLQRV VRQ WRPDGRV KR HQ G D FRPR VLQyQLPRV .HHQ
HQ OD SUiFWLFD KD SUHYDOHFLGR OD SULPHUD GHQRPLQDFLyQ (,6
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
DEVRUELHQGRWRGDVODVFDUDFWHU VWLFDVDQWHULRUHVTXHFDUDFWHUL]DEDQDORV(66
3DUWDQHQ 6DYRODLQHQS:DWVRQHWDOS
8Q (,6SXHGH VHU FRQFHSWXDGRFRPR XQ VLVWHPD GH LQIRUPDFLyQ EDVDGR HQ
RUGHQDGRUHVTXHHVGLVHxDGRSDUDSURSRUFLRQDUDORVDOWRVGLUHFWLYRVXQIiFLO
DFFHVRDODLQIRUPDFLyQLQWHUQD H[WHUQDTXHHVUHOHYDQWHSDUDVXVDFWLYLGDGHV
GHJHVWLyQ
$OUHVSHFWRVHU DFRQYHQLHQWHVXEUD DUTXHORV(,6GLILHUHQFRQVLGHUDEOHPHQWH
HQDOFDQFH SURSyVLWR(VWRVVLVWHPDVSXHGHQVHUGHVDUUROODGRVFRQXQiPELWR
GH DFWXDFLyQ FRUSRUDWLYR GLYLVLRQDO R IXQFLRQDO 3RU RWUD SDUWH FRPR HO
SURSyVLWRSULQFLSDOGHOVLVWHPDYDULDUiGHXQDRUJDQL]DFLyQDRWUDDV WDPELpQ
ORKDUiODLQIRUPDFLyQTXHFRQWLHQH'HVGHHVWHSXQWRGHYLVWDXQ(,6GHEHU D
VHU FRQVLGHUDGR FRPR DOJR WDQ ~QLFR FRPR OD RUJDQL]DFLyQ D OD TXH VLUYH
:DWVRQHWDOS
(QWUH ODV SULQFLSDOHV FDUDFWHU VWLFDV TXH SUHVHQWDQ HVWRV VLVWHPDV SRGHPRV
GHVWDFDUODVVLJXLHQWHVDVHHQIRFDQVREUHODVQHFHVLGDGHVGHLQIRUPDFLyQGH
FDGDHMHFXWLYREH[WUDHQILOWUDQRUJDQL]DQFRQVROLGDQ GLVWULEX HQGDWRVF
GLVWULEX HQ XQ DPSOLR DEDQLFR GH GDWRV LQWHUQRV H[WHUQRV G SURSRUFLRQDQ
DFFHVRDODVLWXDFLyQSUHVHQWHGHORVGDWRVVREUHHOUHQGLPLHQWRHSHUPLWHQ
LGHQWLILFDU DQDOL]DUWHQGHQFLDVISRVHHQFDSDFLGDGHVGHSURIXQGL]DFLyQGULOO
GRZQ
J SUHVHQWDQ LQIRUPHV VHxDOHV GH H[FHSFLyQ SDUD VXEUD DU
YDULDFLRQHVKUHDOL]DQXQVHJXLPLHQWRGHORVIDFWRUHVFU WLFRVGHp[LWR&ULWLFDO
6XFFHVV)DFWRUV GHORVLQGLFDGRUHVFODYHVGHUHQGLPLHQWR.H 3HUIRUPDQFH
,QGLFDWRUV .3, L VH LQWHJUDQ FRQ RWURV VLVWHPDV GH LQIRUPDFLyQ GH OD
RUJDQL]DFLyQ '66 *66 (6 SRVHHQ OD FDSDFLGDG SDUD DFFHGHU D RWUDV
DSOLFDFLRQHVGHVRIWZDUHTXHHOXVXDULRSUHFLVH
(QLQLFLRHOS~EOLFRREMHWLYRGHORVVLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRVIXHOD
DOWDGLUHFFLyQ)UROLFNS6LQHPEDUJRFRQHOWLHPSRVXXVRVHKD
LGRH[WHQGLHQGRHQWUHORVGLVWLQWRVQLYHOHVGHODRUJDQL]DFLyQ'HHVWHPRGR
GLUHFWLYRV LQWHUPHGLRV SHUVRQDO GH DSR R D OD GLUHFFLyQ DQDOLVWDV
WUDEDMDGRUHVGHOFRQRFLPLHQWRVH KDQLGR VXPDQGRDODUHODFLyQGHXVXDULRV
&DSDFLGDGSDUDSURIXQGL]DUHQXQPD RUQLYHOGHGHWDOOHPLHQWUDVVHREVHUYDGLUHFWDPHQWHXQLQIRUPHR
JUiILFR0DWWKHZV 6KRHEULGJHS
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
KDELWXDOHVGHHVWRVVLVWHPDV9RORQLQR :DWVRQS(VWDGLIXVLyQ
KD FRQGXFLGR DGHWHUPLQDGRV DXWRUHV D SURSRQHU RWURV VLJQLILFDGRV SDUD HO
DFUyQLPR (,6 WDOHV FRPR HYHU ERG ¶V LQIRUPDWLRQ V VWHPV RHQWHUSULVH
LQWHOOLJHQFH V VWHPV (VWD H[WHQVLyQ HQWUH XQD PD RU EDVH GH XVXDULRV KD
FRQGXFLGR DXQ FDPELR WDQWR HQOD LQIRUPDFLyQ GLVWULEXLGD FRPR HQ ODV
FDSDFLGDGHV RIUHFLGDV SRU HVWRV VLVWHPDV &DUOVRQ S .HQQHG
'DYLHVS:KHHOHUHWDO
0$5&2'(5()(5(1&,$(1(/'(6$552//2'(81(,6
/DFRQVWUXFFLyQGHXQ(,6VXSRQHWRGRXQUHWRSDUDODRUJDQL]DFLyQ%XUNDQ
S 0D QH S $GHPiV OD LPSODQWDFLyQ GH XQ (,6 HV
GLIHUHQWHDODGHFXDOTXLHURWURVLVWHPDGHDSR RDODJHVWLyQGHXQDHQWLGDG
SXGLHQGR VXUJLU PXOWLWXG GH FRPSOLFDFLRQHV D OR ODUJR GH GLFKR SURFHVR GH
LPSODQWDFLyQ 5RFNDUW 'H/RQJ S 'DGDV HVWDV UD]RQHV HV
IUHFXHQWHHQFRQWUDUQRVHQODOLWHUDWXUDTXHHOGHVDUUROORGHXQ(,6VXSRQHXQ
YLDMH FRQWLQXR QRXQDPHWDHVSHF ILFDSDUDVHU DOFDQ]DGD 3DOOHU /DVND
S
7HQLHQGRSUHVHQWHHVWDVLWXDFLyQVHKDFHQHFHVDULRFRQWDUFRQXQPDUFRGH
UHIHUHQFLDSDUDHO GHVDUUROORGHXQ(,6TXHQRV SURSRUFLRQHOD WHUPLQRORJ D
FRQFHSWRV JX DVTXHVRQGHXWLOLGDGSDUDODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHGLFKRVLVWHPD
3DUD HOOR QRV KHPRV EDVDGR SULQFLSDOPHQWH HQ HO PDUFR GH UHIHUHQFLD
HODERUDGRSRU:DWVRQHWDO DFWXDOL]DGRPiVWDUGHSRU:DWVRQHWDO
(QHOPLVPRSRGHPRVGLVWLQJXLUWUHVFRPSRQHQWHVSULQFLSDOHV
/DSHUVSHFWLYDHVWUXFWXUDOODFXDOQRVPXHVWUDORVHOHPHQWRVFODYHVTXHVRQ
FU WLFRV SDUD HO GHVDUUROOR GH XQ (,6 DV FRPR ODV LQWHUDFFLRQHV TXH VH
SURGXFHQHQWUHHOORV
(OSURFHVRGHGHVDUUROORHPSOHDGR
(O GLiORJR VLVWHPD ±XVXDULR TXH LQFOX H HO FRQRFLPLHQWR QHFHVDULR SDUD
XVDU HO VLVWHPD FyPR GLULJLU ODV DFFLRQHV GHO VLVWHPD FyPR HO VLVWHPD
SUHVHQWDORVUHVXOWDGRV
'HHVWRVWUHVIDFWRUHVQRVYDPRVDFHQWUDUHQHOSULPHUR
(678',2'(6&5,37,92'(/26(,6(1(63$ $
0$5&2'(/$,19(67,*$&,Ï1
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
'XUDQWH OOHYDPRV D FDER XQ HVWXGLR TXH WHQ D FRPR REMHWLYR EiVLFR
FRQRFHU ODV FDUDFWHU VWLFDV TXH SUHVHQWDQ ORV VLVWHPDV GH LQIRUPDFLyQ
HMHFXWLYRVLPSODQWDGRVHQRUJDQL]DFLRQHVHVSDxRODV(VWDPHWDVHFRQFUHWyHQ
FXDWURVXEREMHWLYRVGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQHVSHF ILFRVTXHSDVDPRVDHQXPHUDU
GHWHUPLQDU ODV FDUDFWHU VWLFDV GHPRJUiILFDV GH ODV HPSUHVDV FRQ (,6
LQVWDODGRVFRQRFHUODVLWXDFLyQ FDUDFWHU VWLFDVGHORV (,6HVWXGLDUOD
SHUVSHFWLYDHVWUXFWXUDOGHORVVLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRVDQDOL]DUHO
SURFHVRGHGHVDUUROORHLPSODQWDFLyQ(QODSUHVHQWHSRQHQFLDGHVFULELUHPRV
VXFLQWDPHQWHORVUHVXOWDGRVDOFDQ]DGRVHQORVWUHVSULPHURVVXEREMHWLYRV
(O GHVDUUROOR GHOD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ VH MXVWLILFD SRU OD DXVHQFLD GH WUDEDMRV GH
FDUiFWHUHPS ULFRVREUHHOHVWDGRGHORVVLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRVHQ
(VSDxD 7HQLHQGR SUHVHQWH HVWDV FDUHQFLDV DV FRPR ORV VXEREMHWLYRV GH
LQYHVWLJDFLyQ SODQWHDGRV HO SUHVHQWH HVWXGLR VH SODQWHD EiVLFDPHQWH FRPR
XQDLQYHVWLJDFLyQ GH FDUiFWHU H[SORUDWRULRGHVFULSWLYD &RQ UHODFLyQ DO GLVHxR
DSURSLDGR GHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ pVWH VH PDWHULDOL]D HQ XQD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ QR
H[SHULPHQWDOWUDQVHFFLRQDOGHVFULSWLYD
/RVGDWRVQHFHVDULRVSDUDGHVDUUROODUODLQYHVWLJDFLyQVHREWXYLHURQSRUPHGLR
GHXQFXHVWLRQDULRGLULJLGRDODSHUVRQDUHVSRQVDEOHGHODLPSODQWDFLyQGHO(,6
HQODVRUJDQL]DFLRQHVTXHFRPSRQ DQODPXHVWUD
'LFKR FXHVWLRQDULR IXH VRPHWLGR D XQ H[DPHQ SUHWHVW 'H HVWH PRGR XQD
YHUVLyQSLORWRIXHUHYLVDGDSRUGRVSURIHVRUHVGHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGH6HYLOODGHO
iUHDGH2UJDQL]DFLyQGH(PSUHVDVXQSURIHVRUGH6LVWHPDVGH,QIRUPDFLyQGH
OD8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPDGH$JXDVFDOLHQWHV0pMLFR FXDWURFRQVXOWRUHVFRQ
H[SHULHQFLD HQ OD LPSODQWDFLyQ GH VLVWHPDV (,6 /DV VXJHUHQFLDV
DSRUWDFLRQHVIXHURQLQFRUSRUDGDVHQXQDVHJXQGDYHUVLyQGHOFXHVWLRQDULROD
FXDO IXH UHYLVDGD DVX YH] SRU ORV WUHV SURIHVRUHV XQLYHUVLWDULRV &RQ HOOR
EXVFDPRV ORJUDU OD YDOLGH] GH FRQWHQLGR GH GLFKR LQVWUXPHQWR GH PHGLFLyQ
6WUDXE
/DVHOHFFLyQGHODPXHVWUDVHOOHYyDFDERVLJXLHQGRHOPpWRGRGHQRPLQDGR
6QRZEDOO 6DPSOLQJ %LHUQDFNL :DOGRUI'HHVWH PRGRVH FRQVLJXLy
XQDUHODFLyQLQLFLDOGHRUJDQL]DFLRQHVDSDUWLUGHODVDSRUWDFLRQHVGHVLHWH
HPSUHVDVGHGHVDUUROOR GLVWULEXFLyQGHVRIWZDUH MXQWRFRQFXDWURHPSUHVDV
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
GH FRQVXOWRU D $VLPLVPR QRV VHUYLPRV GH XQD OLVWD GH DVLVWHQWHV D XQ
VHPLQDULR VREUH (,6 GHVDUUROODGR HQ XQD LPSRUWDQWH HVFXHOD GHQHJRFLRV
HVSDxROD GH ODV UHIHUHQFLDV DSRUWDGDV D W WXOR SDUWLFXODU SRU SURIHVRUHV
GLUHFWLYRVGHHPSUHVDV
'HVGHPDU]RDMXQLRGHFRQWDFWDPRVWHOHIyQLFDPHQWHFRQHOUHVSRQVDEOH
GHLPSODQWDFLyQGHO(,6(QHVWRVHQFXHQWURVQRVDVHJXUDPRVGHODH[LVWHQFLD
GH XQ (,6 RSHUDWLYR R HQ LPSODQWDFLyQ WUDV H[SRQHUOH ORV REMHWLYRV GHO
HVWXGLRVROLFLWDPRVODFRODERUDFLyQSRUSDUWHGHOUHVSRQVDEOHGHLPSODQWDFLyQ
&RPRUHVXOWDGRGHHVWHSURFHVRGHFRPXQLFDFLyQVHDOFDQ]yODFRODERUDFLyQ
GHRUJDQL]DFLRQHV
)LQDOPHQWH FRQVHJXLPRV UHVSXHVWDV SURYHQLHQWHV GH RUJDQL]DFLRQHV OR
TXH UHSUHVHQWD XQ SRUFHQWDMH GH SDUWLFLSDFLyQ GHO 7UDV DQDOL]DU OD
VLWXDFLyQ GHO(,6HQGLFKRJUXSRGH HQWLGDGHV SURFHGLPRVD VHOHFFLRQDU
FXHVWLRQDULRVDSWRVSDUDHODQiOLVLVeVWRVUHSUHVHQWDEDQDRUJDQL]DFLRQHVFRQ
(,6 RSHUDWLYRV R HQ IDVH GH LPSODQWDFLyQ OR VXILFLHQWHPHQWH DYDQ]DGD SDUD
SRGHUUHVSRQGHUDODVSUHJXQWDVTXHHQODHQFXHVWDVHSODQWHDED
5(68/7$'26
,1)250$&,Ï1'(02*5È),&$'(/263$57,&,3$17(6
$ SDUWLU GH ODV VHFFLRQHV TXH QRV SURSRQH OD &ODVLILFDFLyQ 1DFLRQDO GH
$FWLYLGDGHV(FRQyPLFDV&1$(SRGHPRVLGHQWLILFDUGRVVHFWRUHVGHDFWLYLGDG
FRPR ORV PiV UHSUHVHQWDWLYRV HQ ODV RUJDQL]DFLRQHV TXH UHVSRQGLHURQ HO
FXHVWLRQDULR GHO SUHVHQWH HVWXGLR 1RV UHIHULPRV DO VHFWRU GH OD LQGXVWULD
PDQXIDFWXUHUD DOGHODLQWHUPHGLDFLyQILQDQFLHUD(VWRVGRV
VHFWRUHVVHPXHVWUDQWDPELpQSUHGRPLQDQWHVHQHVWXGLRVSUHYLRV:DWVRQHW
DO:DWVRQHWDO8QGDWRGHVWDFDEOHHVODSUHVHQFLDHQHOJUXSR
GHDQiOLVLVGHRUJDQL]DFLRQHVTXH SHUWHQHFHQDOiPELWR GHOD$GPLQLVWUDFLyQ
3~EOLFDORFXDOQRVFRQILUPDODLPSODQWDFLyQGHHVWHWLSRGHVLVWHPDVGH
LQIRUPDFLyQHQWRGRWLSRGHHQWLGDGHVPiVDOOiGHODVTXHLQWHJUDQHOVHFWRU
SULYDGR0RKDQHWDO
(Q OR UHIHUHQWH DODV UHJLRQHV GRQGH VH HQFXHQWUDQ ODV VHGHV GH ODV
RUJDQL]DFLRQHV TXH KDQ SDUWLFLSDGR HQOD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ VREUHVDOHQ 0DGULG
&DWDOXxD HO3D V9DVFR
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
&RQ UHODFLyQ DO WDPDxR GH OD RUJDQL]DFLRQHV ORV SDUWLFLSDQWHV HQ QXHVWUD
LQYHVWLJDFLyQ VH XELFDQ PD RULWDULDPHQWH HQ OD FDWHJRU D GH JUDQGHV
HPSUHVDV(QHVWHVHQWLGRHO
GHODVRUJDQL]DFLRQHVTXHUHVSRQGLHURQ
VHHQFXHQWUDQSRUHQFLPDGHORVHPSOHDGRVPLHQWUDVTXHVLDQDOL]DPRVHO
YROXPHQGHQHJRFLRHOGHODVHQWLGDGHVTXHDSRUWDQGDWRVVHFDUDFWHUL]D
SRU WHQHU XQ QLYHO GH YHQWDV R YROXPHQ SUHVXSXHVWDULR HQ HO FDVR GH
RUJDQL]DFLRQHVS~EOLFDVQROXFUDWLYDVVXSHULRUDORVPLOORQHVGHSHVHWDV
1RREVWDQWHQRVSDUHFHGHLQWHUpVODVLWXDFLyQFRPSOHPHQWDULDDODGHVFULWD
HVGHFLUODSUXHEDGHODH[LVWHQFLDHQHVWHJUXSRGHHVWXGLRGHXQFRQMXQWRGH
SHTXHxDV PHGLDQDVHPSUHVDVTXHKDQLPSODQWDGRVLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ
HMHFXWLYRV
/DHQFXHVWDVHGLULJLyDODSHUVRQDUHVSRQVDEOHGHODLPSODQWDFLyQGHO(,6HQ
ODRUJDQL]DFLyQ HQVXGHIHFWRDOGLUHFWRUGHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGHVLVWHPDVGH
LQIRUPDFLyQRLQIRUPiWLFD6LDQDOL]DPRVHOSHUILO TXHSUHVHQWDQORVLQGLYLGXRV
TXHVHHQFDUJDURQGHFRQWHVWDUHOFXHVWLRQDULRHQFRQWUDPRVFRPRFDVLHO
SURYLHQHQ GHO GHSDUWDPHQWR GH VLVWHPDV GH LQIRUPDFLyQ LQIRUPiWLFD
VHJXLGRV FRQ FLHUWD GLIHUHQFLD SRU DTXpOORV SHUWHQHFLHQWHV D ODV iUHDV GH
SODQLILFDFLyQ FRQWURO GH JHVWLyQ ILQDQ]DV 3RU RWUD SDUWH
FDVLHOGHORVHQFXHVWDGRVSHUWHQHFLHQWHVDGHSDUWDPHQWRVGHVLVWHPDV
GH LQIRUPDFLyQ SRVH DQ QLYHO GLUHFWLYR OR TXH QRV DVHJXUD XQ FRQRFLPLHQWR
PiVFHUFDQRDODUHDOLGDGGHOGHVDUUROORLPSODQWDFLyQ PDQWHQLPLHQWRGHO(,6
)LQDOPHQWH ODV SHUVRQDV TXH UHVSRQGLHURQ HO FXHVWLRQDULR SRVHHQ XQD
H[SHULHQFLDPHGLDHOSXHVWRGHXQRVDxRV
6,78$&,Ï1<&$5$&7(5Ë67,&$6'(/26(,6
/RV VLVWHPDV GH LQIRUPDFLyQ HMHFXWLYRV GH ODV RUJDQL]DFLRQHV SDUWLFLSDQWHV
OOHYDQ HQIXQFLRQDPLHQWR XQD PHGLD GH XQRV PHVHV /RV PiV MyYHQHV
HVWDEDQRSHUDWLYRVGHVGHKDF DXQPHVPLHQWUDVTXHHOPiVDQWLJXRWHQ DXQD
DQWLJHGDGGHDxRV7HQLHQGRSUHVHQWHTXHHOFXHVWLRQDULRVHSDVyGXUDQWH
ODSULPDYHUDGHOVHSXHGHYLVOXPEUDUORVFRPLHQ]RVGHODGpFDGDGHORV
6LHPSUH TXH QR VH H[SUHVH OR FRQWUDULR FXDQGR KDFHPRV UHIHUHQFLD DSRUFHQWDMHV DOXGLPRV DO
SRUFHQWDMHYiOLGRHVGHFLUSRUFHQWDMHFDOFXODGRVREUHHOWRWDOGHUHVSXHVWDVGLVSRQLEOHVGHXQDYDULDEOH
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
QRYHQWDFRPRODIHFKDGHSDUWLGDSDUDODLPSODQWDFLyQGHORV(,6LQFOXLGRVHQ
HVWHJUXSRGHHVWXGLR
(QQXHVWUR HVWXGLROD PD RU DGHORV (,6 PXHVWUDQ XQ iPELWR GH DFWXDFLyQ
FRUSRUDWLYRVHJXLGRVDGLVWDQFLDGHVLVWHPDVTXHVHKDQGHVDUUROODGR
SDUD XQD GLYLVLyQ R XQLGDG HVWUDWpJLFD GH QHJRFLRV 6LQ HPEDUJR
DSDUHFH XQ SHTXHxR SRUFHQWDMH GH FDVRV GRQGH HO DOFDQFH GHO VLVWHPD GH
LQIRUPDFLyQHVIXQFLRQDOVLHQGRGHVDUUROODGRVHVWRVVLVWHPDVSDUDODV
iUHDVGHPDUNHWLQJYHQWDVILQDQ]DV FRQWUROGHJHVWLyQ
5HVSHFWR D ODV FDSDFLGDGHV SUHVHQWHV HQ HO (,6 VH OHV SURSRUFLRQy D ORV
SDUWLFLSDQWHV HQ OD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ XQD OLVWD GH FDUDFWHU VWLFDV FLWDGDV
KDELWXDOPHQWHHQODOLWHUDWXUD(QOD7DEODVHSUHVHQWDXQDUHODFLyQRUGHQDGD
GH GLFKRV WHPV HQ IXQFLyQ GH ODV UHVSXHVWDV DSRUWDGDV SRU ODV SHUVRQDV
HQFXHVWDGDV &RPR SXHGH DSUHFLDUVH OD IXQFLyQ GHGULOO GRZQ SDQWDOODV D
FRORUHLPSUHVLyQGHLQIRUPHV SDQWDOODVUHSUHVHQWDQFDSDFLGDGHVSUHVHQWHV
GH IRUPD KDELWXDO HQ SUiFWLFDPHQWH WRGRV ORV VLVWHPDV (V LQWHUHVDQWH
FRPHQWDUTXHHQXQDLQYHVWLJDFLyQSUHYLDGHVDUUROODGDSRU:DWVRQHWDO
HQFRQWUDURQ RFXSDQGR ORV QLYHOHV PiV DOWRV GH VX FODVLILFDFLyQ ODV PLVPDV
FDUDFWHU VWLFDVTXHHQODSUHVHQWHOLVWDVHVLW~DQHQORVSULPHURVRFKRSXHVWRV
6LQHPEDUJRVHSXHGHQREVHUYDUDOJXQDVGLIHUHQFLDV3RUXQDSDUWHODPHQRU
SUHVHQFLD HQ ORV (,6 HVSDxROHV GH ODV FDSDFLGDGHV GH FRUUHR HOHFWUyQLFR
(VSDxDYV ((88ORTXHQRVSXHGHVXJHULUODPD RULQFOLQDFLyQ
GH ORV GLUHFWLYRV HVSDxROHV SRU HO HPSOHR GH FDQDOHV HQULTXHFLGRV SDUD
GHVDUUROODU OD FRPXQLFDFLyQ S HM FRPXQLFDFLRQHV RUDOHV ELHQ FDUD D FDUD
ELHQWHOHIyQLFDV(QVHJXQGROXJDUODLQWHJUDFLyQFRQVLVWHPDVGHDSR RDOD
WRPDGHGHFLVLRQHV '66 WDQ VyORVHSUHVHQWD HQXQ GHORV FDVRV HQ
QXHVWUD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ SRU XQ HQ (VWDGRV 8QLGRV (VWD GLIHUHQFLD VH
FRPSOHPHQWDFRQXQH[WUHPDGDPHQWHEDMRSRUFHQWDMHGHFDVRVHQORVTXHVH
DSUHFLDODLQWHJUDFLyQFRQRWURVWLSRVGHVLVWHPDVWDOHVFRPRORVVLVWHPDVGH
DSR RDJUXSRV*66 ORVVLVWHPDVH[SHUWRV(6(Q~OWLPR
OXJDUKHPRVGHGHVWDFDUODSURIXQGDGLIHUHQFLDH[LVWHQWHHQODLQFOXVLyQGHODV
FDUDFWHU VWLFDVGHDFFHVRDEDVHGHGDWRVH[WHUQDV (VSDxDYV
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
((88(VWHGDWRQRVHVWiSUHYLQLHQGRGHODRULHQWDFLyQLQWHUQDTXHYDDWHQHU
ODLQIRUPDFLyQGLVWULEXLGDSRUORV(,6HQQXHVWURSD V7$%/$
3(563(&7,9$(6758&785$/
/DVPRWLYDFLRQHV TXHSXHGHQFRQGXFLUDXQDRUJDQL]DFLyQDLPSODQWDUXQ(,6
SXHGHQVHUPX GLYHUVDV1RVRWURVKHPRVUHDOL]DGRODVLJXLHQWHFODVLILFDFLyQ
SDUWLHQGRGHODVDSRUWDFLRQHVUHFRJLGDVHQODOLWHUDWXUD(QHVWHVHQWLGRKHPRV
GLVWLQJXLGR
)DFWRUHVTXHIDFLOLWDQODLQWURGXFFLyQGHXQ(,6HQODHPSUHVD
)DFWRUHVTXHSUHVLRQDQDODRUJDQL]DFLyQPRWLYiQGRODSDUDTXHGpHOSDVR
KDFLDODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHHVWHWLSRGHVLVWHPDV$OUHVSHFWRKHPRVGLVWLQJXLGR
HQWUHSUHVLRQHVH[WHUQDV SUHVLRQHVLQWHUQDV
$ ORV SDUWLFLSDQWHV HQ OD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ VH OHV SURSRUFLRQy XQD OLVWD GH
IDFWRUHV DUJXPHQWDGRV KDELWXDOPHQWH SRU OD OLWHUDWXUD FRPR UD]RQHV SDUD
GHVDUUROODUHLPSODQWDUHVWHWLSRGHVLVWHPDVVROLFLWiQGROHVTXHYDORUDUDQHQ
XQDHVFDOD EDMDLPSRUWDQFLD DOWDLPSRUWDQFLDODWUDVFHQGHQFLDTXH
KDQWHQLGRSDUDODLQWURGXFFLyQGHXQVLVWHPDGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRHQVX
RUJDQL]DFLyQ /RV UHVXOWDGRV VH PXHVWUDQ HQ OD 7DEOD (O H[DPHQ GH ORV
PLVPRV QRV LQGLFD TXH SRU QLYHO GH LPSRUWDQFLD ODV WUHV SULQFLSDOHV
PRWLYDFLRQHVHQHOGHVDUUROORGHXQ(,6VRQGH QGROHLQWHUQD(VWDVLWXDFLyQ
FRLQFLGHFRQODPRVWUDGDHQHOHVWXGLRGH:DWVRQHWDO SDODTXH
WDPELpQ VH DVHPHMD SRU ODV SRVLFLRQHV QR PX GHVWDFDGDV TXH RFXSDQ ODV
SUHVLRQHV GH FDUiFWHU H[WHUQR $O UHVSHFWR VH SXHGHQ DSRUWDU ODV VLJXLHQWHV
H[SOLFDFLRQHV ORV XVXDULRV WLHQHQ EDMDV H[SHFWDWLYDV FRQ UHODFLyQ D ORV
EHQHILFLRVTXHSXHGHDSRUWDUXQ(,6FRPRFDQDO GHDFFHVRDODLQIRUPDFLyQ
H[WHUQD:DWVRQSORVDOWRVGLUHFWLYRVVRQUHDFLRVDGHOHJDUOD
IXQFLyQGHH[SORUDFLyQGHOHQWRUQRHQPDQRVGHVXERUGLQDGRV(O6DZ
HV PXFKR PiV IiFLO HFRQyPLFR SURYHHU GH LQIRUPDFLyQ LQWHUQD TXH VH
HQFXHQWUD DGLVSRQLEOH:DWVRQHWDO S7$%/$
(O LQLFLDGRU KDFH UHIHUHQFLD D OD SHUVRQD UHVSRQVDEOH GH OD LGHD RULJLQDO GH
LQWURGXFLUXQ(,6HQODRUJDQL]DFLyQ(VWDILJXUDSXHGHVHUGHVHPSHxDGDSRU
XQGLUHFWLYRGHDOWRQLYHOTXHSHUFLEDODQHFHVLGDGGHHVWHWLSRGHVLVWHPDH
LPSXOVH VX GHVDUUROOR H LPSODQWDFLyQ +RXGHVKHO :DWVRQ 5RFNDUW
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
'H/RQJ6LQHPEDUJRHQXQ Q~PHURFUHFLHQWHGHFDVRVHVWHSDSHOOR
HMHUFH XQ GLUHFWLYR RPLHPEUR GHO GHSDUWDPHQWR GHVLVWHPDV GH LQIRUPDFLyQ
6,)LW]JHUDOG 0XUSK )LW]JHUDOGSS
(Q QXHVWUR HVWXGLR VH FRQVWDWDQ DPEDV VLWXDFLRQHV DXQTXH VH GHVWDFD DO
GLUHFWRU GHO GHSDUWDPHQWR GH VLVWHPDV GH LQIRUPDFLyQ VLHQGR VHxDODGD VX
SUHVHQFLD SRU XQ GH ODV RUJDQL]DFLRQHV SDUWLFLSDQWHV
(O GLUHFWRU
JHQHUDO HV LGHQWLILFDGR HQFDVL XQ GH ORV FDVRV PLHQWUDV TXH FRQ XQ
SRUFHQWDMH OHYHPHQWH PD RU DSDUHFH XQ GLUHFWLYR GH QLYHO VXSHULRU GH iUHD
IXQFLRQDOeVWHVHVXHOHFRUUHVSRQGHUFRQHOGLUHFWRUILQDQFLHURRGHO
iUHDGHFRQWUROGHJHVWLyQ SODQLILFDFLyQ7$%/$
8QHVSyQVRUHMHFXWLYR VXHOHVHUXQHMHFXWLYRGHDOWRQLYHOFRQVXILFLHQWHSRGHU
TXHYDORUDHOSRWHQFLDOGHO(,6 TXH HVWi GLVSXHVWRD LQYHUWLU HO WLHPSRORV
HVIXHU]RV ORV UHFXUVRV QHFHVDULRV SDUD HO GHVDUUROOR GHO VLVWHPD 0D QH
S :DWVRQHW DO S 6H SXHGH DILUPDU TXH HO HVSyQVRU
HMHFXWLYR JHVWLRQD UHDOL]D XQ VHJXLPLHQWR GHO SURFHVR GH LPSODQWDFLyQ
SRVHHODLQIOXHQFLDQHFHVDULDSDUDTXHHOVLVWHPDVHDFUHDGR XVDGR5RFNDUW
'H/RQJSS(OSDSHOGHOHVSyQVRUHMHFXWLYRSXHGHIXQGLUVH
FRQODILJXUDGHOLQLFLDGRU6LQHPEDUJRHQHOFDVRGHTXHHORULJHQGHODLGHD
SDUDLQWURGXFLUXQ(,6VHORFDOLFHHQXQGLUHFWLYRGHXQGHSDUWDPHQWRWpFQLFR
GH6,7,pVWHGHEHUiLQLFLDUXQSURFHVRSDUDLGHQWLILFDUFRQYHQFHU FDSWDUD
XQ DOWR GLUHFWLYR GH OD RUJDQL]DFLyQ SDUD TXH DVXPD HO SDSHO GH HVSyQVRU
HMHFXWLYRFRPSURPHWLGR%XUNDQS3DOOHU /DVND&DS
(QOD7DEODVHPXHVWUDQORVUHVXOWDGRVTXHVHGHVSUHQGHQGHODQiOLVLVGHORV
FXHVWLRQDULRV VREUH HO HVSyQVRU HMHFXWLYR (VWRV GDWRV QRV PHUHFHQ GRV
UHIOH[LRQHV
(OSUHGRPLQLRGHOGLUHFWRUGHQLYHOVXSHULRUGHiUHDIXQFLRQDOFRPR
HVSyQVRUHMHFXWLYRHQFRPSDUDFLyQFRQSRUFHQWDMHVPiVSREUHVSUHVHQWHVHQ
ODVILJXUDVGHOFRQVHMHURGHOHJDGR HOGLUHFWRUJHQHUDO
/DSUHVHQFLDVLJQLILFDWLYDGHOGLUHFWRUGHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGHLQIRUPiWLFD6,
TXH HV FLWDGR SRU XQ GH ODV HQWLGDGHV (VWH DOWR QLYHO DOFDQ]DGR SRU
(VQHFHVDULRSUHFLVDUTXHHVWDFXHVWLyQVHIRUPXOyHQHOFXHVWLRQDULRFRPRXQDSUHJXQWDGHUHVSXHVWD
P~OWLSOHSRUORTXHODVXPDGHOSRUFHQWDMHGHFDVRVHQODVXSHUDHO
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
XQ(,6UHVSRQGHQDSUHVLRQHVGHFDUiFWHULQWHUQR/DLQIRUPDFLyQH[WHUQD
WLHQHSRFDSUHVHQFLDGHQWURGHORVFRQWHQLGRVGHHVWRVVLVWHPDV/RVWLSRV
GH LQIRUPDFLyQ TXH FRQWLHQHQ ORV (,6 FRQ PiV IUHFXHQFLD VRQ FRPHUFLDO
YHQWDV ILQDQFLHUD SURGXFFLyQ /D LQIRUPDFLyQ VH SUHVHQWD SULQFLSDOPHQWH
SRUiUHDVIXQFLRQDOHV SRUSURGXFWRV
'H RWUD SDUWH HVWH HVWXGLR YLHUWH QXHYDV DSRUWDFLRQHV DO FRQRFLPLHQWR
H[LVWHQWHKDVWDDKRUDHQHOFDPSRGHORVVLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV
6X XVR VH HVWi H[WHQGLHQGR SRFR D SRFR KDFLD SHTXHxDV PHGLDQDV
HPSUHVDV DV FRPR HQWUH HO VHFWRU S~EOLFR (O URO GH LQLFLDGRU HV
GHVHPSHxDGRSULQFLSDOPHQWHSRUHOGLUHFWRUGHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGHLQIRUPiWLFD
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ(OSDSHOGHHVSyQVRUHMHFXWLYRORGHVHPSHxDELHQ
XQ GLUHFWLYR IXQFLRQDO GH QLYHO VXSHULRU ELHQ HO GLUHFWRU GH LQIRUPiWLFD
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ6HFRQVWDWDXQPD RUQ~PHURGHXVXDULRVTXHHQ
HVWXGLRVSUHYLRV6H SURGXFHXQD GLIXVLyQGHO VLVWHPDWDQWR KRUL]RQWDO FRPR
YHUWLFDO HQ OD RUJDQL]DFLyQ 6H SURGXFH XQGRPLQLR GH OD DUTXLWHFWXUD
FOLHQWHVHUYLGRU SUHVHQWDQGR PiV GH OD PLWDG GH ORV FDVRV FRQILJXUDFLRQHV
'DWD:DUHKRXVH
%,%/,2*5$)Ë$
$OOLVRQ,. ([HFXWLYH ,QIRUPDWLRQ 6 VWHPV $Q (YDOXDWLRQ RI &XUUHQW
8.3UDFWLFH,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI,QIRUPDWLRQ0DQDJHPHQW9RO1SS
%LHUQDFNL 3 :DOGRUI ' 6QRZEDOO 6DPSOLQJ 3UREOHPV DQG
7HFKQLTXHVRI&KDLQ5HIHUUDO6DPSOLQJ6RFLRORJLFDO0HWKRGV5HVHDUFK9RO
11RYHPEHUSS
%XUNDQ:&([HFXWLYH,QIRUPDWLRQ6 VWHPV)URP 3URSRVDO7KURXJK
,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ 9DQ1RVWUDQG5HLQKROG1HZ<RUN
&DUOVRQ('RHV(6WDQGIRUµ(YHU ERG ¶"&RPSXWHUZRUOG9RO1
-XO S
(O6DZ 2$3HUVRQDO,QIRUPDWLRQ6 VWHPVIRU6WUDWHJLF6FDQQLQJLQ
7XUEXOHQW(QYLURQPHQWV&DQWKH&(2*R2Q/LQH"0,64XDUWHUO 9RO1
SS
)LW]JHUDOG % 0XUSK & )DFWRUV ,QYROYHG LQ WKH ,QWURGXFWLRQ RI
([HFXWLYH,QIRUPDWLRQ6 VWHPVLQWR2UJDQLVDWLRQV $Q (PSLULFDO6WXG (6&5
5HVHDUFKDQG'LVFXVVLRQ3DSHUV&RUN8QLYHUVLW 3DSHU5HI
)LW]JHUDOG*([HFXWLYH,QIRUPDWLRQ6 VWHPVDQG7KHLU'HYHORSPHQWLQ
WKH8.,QWHUQDWLRQDO,QIRUPDWLRQ6 VWHPV9RO1$SULOSS
)UROLFN01 0DQDJHPHQW 6XSSRUW 6 VWHPV DQG WKHLU (YROXWLRQ IURP
([HFXWLYH,QIRUPDWLRQ6 VWHPV,QIRUPDWLRQ6WUDWHJ 7KH([HFXWLYHV-RXUQDO
9RO16SULQJSS
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
+RXGHVKHO * :DWVRQ +- 7KH 0DQDJHPHQW ,QIRUPDWLRQ DQG
'HFLVLRQ6XSSRUW0,'66 VWHPDW/RFNKHHG*HRUJLD0,64XDUWHUO 9RO
10DUFKSS
.HHQ3*:'HFLVLRQ6XSSRUW6 VWHPV7KH1H[W'HFDGH'HFLVLRQ
6XSSRUW6 VWHPV9ROSS
.HQQHG 'DYLHV + (YHU ERG V ,QIRUPDWLRQ 6 VWHP" 0DQDJHPHQW
$FFRXQWLQJ/RQGRQ9RO10D S
0DWWKHZV56KRHEULGJH$(,6$*XLGHIRU([HFXWLYHV/RQJ5DQJH
3ODQQLQJ9RO1S
0D QH / 'LULJLU GHVGH OD FLPD (OHPHQWRV GH ORV VLVWHPDV GH
LQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRVSDUDODDOWDGLUHFFLyQ(G 0DUFRPER%DUFHORQD
0RKDQ/+ROVWHLQ:.$GDPV5%(,6,W&DQ:RUNLQWKH3XEOLF
6HFWRU0,64XDUWHUO 9RO1'HFHPEHUSS
1RUG -+ 1RUG *' ([HFXWLYH ,QIRUPDWLRQ 6 VWHPV $ 6WXG DQG
&RPSDUDWLYH $QDO VLV,QIRUPDWLRQ0DQDJHPHQW9RO1$XJXVWSS
3DOOHU $ /DVND 5 7KH (,6 %RRN ,QIRUPDWLRQ 6 VWHPV IRU 7RS
0DQDJHUV%XVLQHV2QH,UZLQ+RPHZRRG,/
3DUWDQHQ . 6DYRODLQHQ 9 3HUVSHFWLYHV RQ ([HFXWLYH ,QIRUPDWLRQ
6 VWHPV6 VWHPV3UDFWLFH9RO1SS
5RFNDUW -) 'H/RQJ ': ([HFXWLYH 6XSSRUW 6 VWHPV 7KH
(PHUJHQFH RI 7RS 0DQDJHPHQW &RPSXWHU 8VH %XVLQHVV 2QH ,UZLQ
+RPHZRRG,OOLQRLV
6WUDXE': 9DOLGDWLQJ ,QVWUXPHQWV LQ 0,6 5HVHDUFK0,6 4XDUWHUO
9RO10DUFKSS
7KRGHQLXV%8VLQJ([HFXWLYH,QIRUPDWLRQ6 VWHPVHQ0/XQGHEHUJ
%6XQGJUHQ>HG@$GYDQFLQJ RXU%XVLQHVV3HRSOHDQG,QIRUPDWLRQ6 VWHPV
LQ&RQFHUW&DS,96WRFNKROP6FKRRORI(FRQRPLFV(),6ZHGHQ
9RORQLQR/:DWVRQ+-7KH6WUDWHJLF%XVLQHVV2EMHWLYHV0HWKRGIRU
*XLGLQJ ([HFXWLYH ,QIRUPDWLRQ 6 VWHPV 'HYHORSPHQW HQ +- :DWVRQ 5.
5DLQHU * +RXGHVKHO >HG@ ([HFXWLYH ,QIRUPDWLRQ 6 VWHPV (PHUJHQFH
'HYHORSPHQW,PSDFWSS-RKQ:LOH 6RQV1HZ<RUN
:DWVRQ +- $VVHVVLQJ (,6 %HQHILWV HQ 5+ -U 6SUDJXH +-
:DWVRQ>HG@ 'HFLVLRQ 6XSSRUW IRU 0DQDJHPHQW SS 3UHQWLFH +DOO
8SSHU6DGGOH5LYHU1HZ-HUVH
:DWVRQ+-)UROLFN01'HWHUPLQLQJ ,QIRUPDWLRQ 5HTXLUHPHQWV IRU
DQ(,60,64XDUWHUO 9RO16HSWHPEHUSS
:DWVRQ +- +RXGHVKHO * 5DLQHU 5. -U %XLOGLQJ ([HFXWLYH
,QIRUPDWLRQ 6 VWHPV DQG RWKHU 'HFLVLRQ 6XSSRUW $SSOLFDWLRQV -RKQ :LOH
6RQV1HZ<RUN
:DWVRQ +- 5DLQHU 5. -U )UROLFN 01 ([HFXWLYH ,QIRUPDWLRQ
6 VWHPV $Q 2QJRLQJ 6WXG RI &XUUHQW 3UDFWLFHV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO ,QIRUPDWLRQ
6 VWHPV9RO1$SULOSS
:DWVRQ +- 5DLQHU 5. -U .RK &( ([HFXWLYH ,QIRUPDWLRQ
6 VWHPV $ )UDPHZRUN IRU 'HYHORSPHQW DQG D 6XUYH RI &XUUHQW 3UDFWLFHV
0,64XDUWHUO 9RO10DUFKSS
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
:DWVRQ +- :DWVRQ 57 6LQJK 6 +ROPHV ' 'HYHORSPHQW
3UDFWLFHV IRU ([HFXWLYH ,QIRUPDWLRQ 6 VWHPV )LQGLQJV RI D )LHOG 6WXG
'HFLVLRQ6XSSRUW6 VWHPV9RO1-XQHSS
:HWKHUEH -& ([HFXWLYH ,QIRUPDWLRQ 5HTXLUHPHQWV *HWWLQJ ,W 5LJKW
0,64XDUWHUO 9RO10DUFKSS
:KHHOHU)3&KDQJ6+7KRPDV5-0RYLQJ )URP DQ([HFXWLYH
,QIRUPDWLRQ6 VWHPWR(YHU RQH¶V,QIRUPDWLRQ6 VWHPV/HVVRQVIURPD&DVH
6WXG -RXUQDORI,QIRUPDWLRQ7HFKQRORJ 9ROSS
),*85$6<7$%/$6
)DFWRUHV
IDFLOLWDGRUHV
(VSyQVRU
HMHFXWLYR
(VSyQVRU
RSHUDWLYR
8VXDULRV
HMHFXWLYRV
3HUVRQDOGH
iUHDV
IXQFLRQDOHV
&RQVWUXFWRUHV
6XPLQLVWUDGRUHV
GHOVRIWZDUH
&RQVXOWRUHV
'DWRV
H[WHUQRV
3UHVLRQHVH[WHUQDV
3UHVLRQHV
LQWHUQDV
*UXSR6,
%'
FRUSRUDWLYDV
%'iUHDV
IXQFLRQDOHV
)XHQWHV
KXPDQDV
'DWRV
LQWHUQRV
(,6
6RIWZDUH
+DUGZDUH
2UJDQL]DFLyQ
(QWRUQR
)LJXUD/DSHUVSHFWLYDHVWUXFWXUDO)XHQWH%DVDGRHQ:DWVRQ5DLQHU .RKS)UROLFN HWDO
S
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
7DEOD&DUDFWHU VWLFDVSUHVHQWHVHQHO(,6
)UHFXHQFLD 3RUFHQWDMHGH
FDVRV
'ULOOGRZQ
3DQWDOODVDFRORU
&DSDFLGDGSDUDLPSULPLULQIRUPHV SDQWDOODV
([WUDFFLyQGHGDWRVSURYHQLHQWHVGHODVEDVHVGHGDWRV
H[LVWHQWHVHQODRUJDQL]DFLyQ
,QWHJUDFLyQGHGDWRVSURYHQLHQWHVGHGLIHUHQWHVIXHQWHVGH
LQIRUPDFLyQ
6HJXULGDGSDUDGDWRVSDQWDOODV VLVWHPD
,QIRUPDFLyQWH[WXDOWDEXODU JUiILFDHQODPLVPDSDQWDOOD
,QWHUIDFHVFRQRWURVVRIWZDUH HM([FHO$FFHVV/RWXVHWF
3DQWDOODVGHD XGDFRQWH[WXDOHV
0~OWLSOHVLQWHUIDFHVGHXVXDULRHMUDWyQWHFODGRSDQWDOOD
WiFWLO
0~OWLSOHVPpWRGRVGHORFDOL]DUODLQIRUPDFLyQHMPHQ~V
SDODEUDVFODYHIXQFLRQHV
&RUUHRHOHFWUyQLFR
$FFHVRDEDVHVGHGDWRVPXOWLGLPHQVLRQDOHV
,QWHJUDFLyQFRQXQVLVWHPDGHDSR RDODWRPDGHGHFLVLRQHV
'66
6LVWHPDGHVHJXLPLHQWRRPRQLWRUL]DFLyQGHXVR
$FFHVRD,QWHUQHW
)LFKHURVGHFRPDQGRSDUDYHUODVSDQWDOODVHQXQDVHFXHQFLD
GHWHUPLQDGD
3URFHVDGRUGHWH[WRV
$JHQGD
$FFHVRDEDVHVGHGDWRVH[WHUQDVHM5HXWHUV'RZ-RQHV
0 1HZV
'DWDPLQLQJ
+HUUDPLHQWDVGHJHVWLyQGHSUR HFWRV
,QWHJUDFLyQFRQXQVLVWHPDGHDSR RDJUXSRV*66
,QWHJUDFLyQFRQXQVLVWHPDH[SHUWR(6
2WUDV
1
7DEOD0RWLYDFLRQHVSDUDGHVDUUROODUXQ(,6^))`)DFWRUIDFLOLWDGRU3(3UHVLyQH[WHUQD>3,@
3UHVLyQLQWHUQD
10HGLD
'HVYW S
>3,@$FFHGHUGHIRUPDUiSLGD IiFLODODLQIRUPDFLyQGHOD
RUJDQL]DFLyQ
>3,@$FFHGHUDXQDLQIRUPDFLyQPiVFRQVLVWHQWHH[DFWD
SHUWLQHQWH RSRUWXQD
>3,@0HMRUDUHOVHJXLPLHQWRGHOUHQGLPLHQWRRUJDQL]DFLRQDO
3(6HUPiVSURDFWLYRFRQHOHQWRUQRGHODRUJDQL]DFLyQ
DQWLFLSDUVHDORVDFRQWHFLPLHQWRV
>3,@0HMRUDUODFRPXQLFDFLyQ
>3,@$OFDQ]DUPD RUHVQLYHOHVGHHILFDFLD HILFLHQFLDHQHO
WUDEDMRGHORVGLUHFWLYRV
>3,@([WUDHUHLQWHJUDUGDWRVSURYHQLHQWHVGHIXHQWHV
LQFRPSDWLEOHV
3((OHQWRUQRGHODRUJDQL]DFLyQVHKDYXHOWRFDGDYH]PiV
FRPSHWLWLYR
^))`/DGLVSRQLELOLGDGGHWHFQRORJ DDSURSLDGD
^))`/DPD RUGLVSRVLFLyQTXHSUHVHQWDQORVGLUHFWLYRVSDUD
XVDURUGHQDGRUHV
^))`(OPD RUFRQRFLPLHQWRTXHWLHQHQORVGLUHFWLYRVDFHUFD
GHOSRWHQFLDOGHODVWHFQRORJ DGHODLQIRUPDFLyQSDUDOD
RUJDQL]DFLyQ SDUDHOGHVDUUROORGHVXVSURSLDVWDUHDV
>3,@&DPELDURPHMRUDUODFRPSUHQVLyQTXHWLHQHQORV
GLUHFWLYRVVREUHODRUJDQL]DFLyQ VXHQWRUQR
3((ODXPHQWRGHODWXUEXOHQFLD HOFDPELRHQHOHQWRUQRGH
ODRUJDQL]DFLyQ
>3,@3RVLELOLWDUUHFRUWHVGHSHUVRQDO'RZQVL]LQJ
1YiOLGRVHJ~QOLVWD
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
7DEOD,QLFLDGRUGHO(,6SUHJXQWDGHUHVSXHVWDP~OWLSOH
)UHFXHQFLD 3RUFHQWDMHGH
FDVRV
3UHVLGHQWHGHOFRQVHMRGHDGPLQLVWUDFLyQ
&RQVHMHURGHOHJDGR
'LUHFWRUJHQHUDO
'LUHFWRUGHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGHLQIRUPiWLFDVLVWHPDVGH
LQIRUPDFLyQ
'LUHFWRUGHQLYHOVXSHULRUGHiUHDIXQFLRQDO
2WUR
1
7DEOD(VSyQVRUHMHFXWLYRGHO(,6SUHJXQWDGHUHVSXHVWDP~OWLSOH
)UHFXHQFLD 3RUFHQWDMHGH
FDVRV
3UHVLGHQWHGHOFRQVHMRGHDGPLQLVWUDFLyQ
&RQVHMHURGHOHJDGR
'LUHFWRUJHQHUDO
'LUHFWRUGHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGHLQIRUPiWLFD6,
'LUHFWRUGHQLYHOVXSHULRUGHiUHDIXQFLRQDO
2WUR
1RH[LVWLyFRPSURPLVRSRUSDUWHGHODDOWDGLUHFFLyQ
1
7DEOD(VSyQVRURSHUDWLYRGHO(,63RUFHQWDMHGHFDVRVSUHJXQWDGHUHVSXHVWDVP~OWLSOHV
)UHFXHQFLD 3RUFHQWDMHGH
FDVRV
'LUHFWRUGHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGHLQIRUPiWLFD6,
'LUHFWRUGHQLYHOVXSHULRUGHiUHDIXQFLRQDO
'LUHFWLYRLQWHUPHGLR
3HUVRQDOVWDII
2WUR
1
7DEOD1LYHOHVGHDXWRULGDGGHORVXVXDULRVGHO(,6SUHJXQWDGHUHVSXHVWDVP~OWLSOHV
)UHFXHQFLD 3RUFHQWDMHGH
FDVRV
3UHVLGHQWH
&RQVHMHURGHOHJDGR
'LUHFWRUJHQHUDO
'LUHFWRUHVIXQFLRQDOHVGHQLYHOVXSHULRU
'LUHFWLYRVLQWHUPHGLRV
2WURV
1
5ROGiQ6DOJXHLUR-/6LVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQHMHFXWLYRV(,68QHVWXGLRGHVFULSWLYRVREUHOD
VLWXDFLyQHQ(VSDxDHQ0-6HOYD'RP QJXH]>(G@/DHPSUHVDGHOVLJOR;;,)LQDQ]DVWHFQRORJ DV
VLVWHPDVGHLQIRUPDFLyQ9RO,,SS&iGL]'LSXWDFLyQGH&iGL]6HUYLFLRGH3XEOLFDFLRQHV
7DEOD,QIRUPDFLyQTXHFRQWLHQHHO(,6SUHJXQWDGHUHVSXHVWDVP~OWLSOHV
)UHFXHQFLD 3RUFHQWDMHGH
FDVRV
&RPHUFLDOYHQWDV
)LQDQFLHUD
3URGXFFLyQ
5HFXUVRVKXPDQRV
&DOLGDG
&RPSHWLGRUHV
*HVWLyQGHLQYHQWDULRV
0HUFDGRLQGXVWULD
3URYHHGRUHV
3ODQLILFDFLyQHVWUDWpJLFD
6HUYLFLRVH[WHUQRVGHQRWLFLDV
&RWL]DFLyQEXUViWLO
2WUDV
1
7DEOD3UHVHQWDFLyQGHODLQIRUPDFLyQGHXQ(,6SUHJXQWDGHUHVSXHVWDVP~OWLSOHV
)UHFXHQFLD 3RUFHQWDMHGH
FDVRV
3RUiUHDVIXQFLRQDOHV
3RUSURGXFWRV
3RUiUHDVJHRJUiILFDV
3RUXQLGDGHVHVWUDWpJLFDVGHQHJRFLR
3RULQGLFDGRUHVFODYHGHUHQGLPLHQWR
3RUSURFHVRV
3RUSUR HFWRV
2WUDV
1
7DEOD)XHQWHVGHGDWRVTXHDOLPHQWDQDO(,6SUHJXQWDGHUHVSXHVWDVP~OWLSOHV
)UHFXHQFLD 3RUFHQWDMHGH
FDVRV
%DVHVGHGDWRVFRUSRUDWLYDV
%DVHVGHGDWRVGHODViUHDVIXQFLRQDOHV
'RFXPHQWRVRLQIRUPHV
+XPDQDV
%DVHVGHGDWRVH[WHUQDV
,QWHUQHW
2WUDV
1
7DEOD&RQILJXUDFLyQKDUGZDUH GHO(,6
)UHFXHQFLD 3RUFHQWDMH 3RUFHQWDMH
YiOLGR
3RUFHQWDMH
DFXPXODGR
$UTXLWHFWXUD&OLHQWH6HUYLGRUGH
QLYHOHVWLHUV
$UTXLWHFWXUD&OLHQWH6HUYLGRUGH
QLYHOHVWLHUV
$UTXLWHFWXUDWUDGLFLRQDO
0DLQIUDPH7HUPLQDOHV
$UTXLWHFWXUDGH5HGVLQ
FOLHQWHVHUYLGRU
6yORRUGHQDGRUHVSHUVRQDOHV
DLVODGRV
7RWDO
1RGHFODUDGR
7RWDO