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Impuestos pigouvianos e incentivos fiscales para el fomento de EE.RR. en España: Análisis panorámico y perspectiva

Cansino Muñoz-Repiso, José Manuel; Ordóñez Ríos, Manuel

Abstract

La fiscalidad autonómica en España ha permitido incorporar ex novo, figuras impositivas de naturaleza pigouviana que complementan la acción pública a través del comercio de derechos de emisión especialmente en el desincentivo de emisiones de CO2, Nox y SOx. Paralelamente,otras reformas fiscales en impuestos estatales han sido introducidas tanto compartiendo el diseño pigouviano como buscando el fomento del uso de algunas energías renovables (ee.rr.), en este último caso, la fiscalidad autonómica no se ha mantenido ajena. El objeto de esta comunicación es ofrecer una visión panorámica de estas reformas fiscales que facilite el análisis comparado y su revisión crítica.

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"!(26' ")*(#)% ,!-)"'(/% ,! )#" #/%"'/"#")'#">%*( !(:)#"!'/G%"'(!>%*( '#)#"#"0!(2+'#'*((! "("-#(>%!(2+>% #!'! *(#)% '#0"'#"0"! "'3"!(2+*((*(*(#)% (#-)"'(/%(#>% !(2+>%"*%)#/'!()#"0'- ##!#"!) .#(!:(#(%!#) : ! !(26' !/(2#0"'.#("-#( %!)#-#(" #!'!)# !/#'!##!("* '#('#)!(2+:,"0",#!9 AE0"-#(>% %!#0 !) !)# >%  !')) ) !(2+ :," >% " ! "' *( *(#)% (# - )"'(/%(#"!#(>% !')))!(2+>%=-!*(#)% '#  /G: ! !(26' -('#)!(2+:,"  : ! !(26'  5 #/%"'/B5!(2+ *((& '#)!(2+:," 5 #/%"'/B5!(2+ :,"& 9 AE <0;4E 70@4@ 9 E <0AGG <0A4< "#!;E <0AC; <0AGA  %!' =,!@<<E&    2% >% ! "# ) /#'!#0 #" ("%')#" *(  "# ) #'(# ) #" /# (/%(!'"0/#)6"0=!")#%-"(""'#")'#"=!")#1'(+)#") :")"#'(/#) =,!'@<<4&!"' "#"=!%'9)# ## #/%"'/" ) "'%)# ):(!'" 9 " ) /#)6" #/'!)#  *('( )  '" .2'" (%)#"0) '".2'"%")#"-)6")(.)#)*'(,#E;<8# @<<E&   #"("%')#"("* '#)!(2+*(( #!"%)*(*(#)% ,!- )"'(/% ,!)#"):(!'" #/%"'/""=!#"'()#:.#(/"/#)6" *%(#"+0*(#)% ,!-)"'(/% ,!)/#)6"*%(#*(# )!') '".2'" (%)#" = "%*%"'# %! =#((# ) GE H ) !(2+ *(( #!"%) *#( ) P,'(#( #(()#("* '#)*(#)% ,!))6"0!'(">%! "#) *(#)% ,!-)"'(/% ,!)/#)6") '".2'"%")#"=#((#)!(2+ *((=2)#%!4;H! "#)"):(!'"9 "0=#((#="')# !:%! ,!)*#( !')/#)6" #!'!)#!"""0'- ##"*%) *( (!'/E  /E!(2+*((%")*(*(#)% ,!-)"'(/% ,!)):(!'" (/%(!'" #/%"'/S !(2+*(('#' 5BP& =#((#("* '#)6" H& 6"E;< 70;E4  KE) '.2' (%)# 70;7A @ K7<) '.2' (%)# 70AA< G K7<<) '.2' (%)# 70<A7 GE KE) '.2'%")# 70A;C C K7<) '.2'%")# 70A@A D K7<<) '.2'%")# <0E;; 4; S!?(#>% #*8/#)6"K&!) *#( !')"#>%"9  #!)6""+0KE !) >%9 "'3:#()*#(%!EH)/#)6"-("'#*#()6"QK7<<!#"!) >%"'(') /#)6"*%(#  %!' =,!@<<4&   ! %!'#   !(2+ :," ! "( *( *(#)% ,!- )"'(/% ,!) #" ):(!'" #/%"'/"0#"("%')#"'/6!"#!:.#(/"/#)6"*%(#0 #!%! =#((#)DEH)/#)6"*(# )!') '".2'" (%)#"-)="'%!;4H )/#)6"*(# )!') '".2'"%")#"(9,!)"'2(!=#((#*(  "#)/#)6"*(# )!') '"%")#"">%'('(")%!(")%#!#" ="2!)# (2)(.))"%*(#)% ,!*("%%"#*(! *!!' ,!   ! %!'#"):(!'"'*")  #).))"'#" #/%"'/"0! "#))6"E;<0(:!#) (%)#*("%#/'! ,!"'*>% #!"% 3"!(2+:,"! "#)/#)6") '".2'" (%)#"0"#!"'*") 1'( ,! )  ' - ) *(#)% ,! ) " ""0 " >% *("!'! #" -#(" #!"%#"!(26' #"   !)'#)!'(6"" #!"%#)!(2+! "(*(*(#)% ,!))#" )"'!'#"  '" >% " =! %'9)# *(  *(#)% ,! ) /#)6" )  '" .2'" (%)#"- ##" *%).(!'/40*(#)% ,!) ') 2("#">%!#"!(2+*((-:,"! "'0!'(">% ')"# ")-#( #!"%#!(26' #    /4!(2+*((-:,"%")*(*(#)% ,!)#")"'!'#" '" .2'"%'9)#"!*(#)% ,!)/#)6") '".2'" (%)#"  !(2+*(( 5BP2& !(2+:," 5BP2&  ')2("# (%)# @C0EA 7G0CG  ') #9*#(') (%)# @40A4 7E0EA  ') #9! #! (%)# CC07; 7A0EG  ')"# (%)# GG04G @E04C  ')* CE0DD 740C7  %!' =,!@<<4&    !?'#)'#*#(')#!'(/#)(:(! 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