scieee Open visual document viewer

Two regimes in the frequency of words and the origin of complex lexicons: Zipf's law revisited

Ferrer Cancho, Ramon,Solé Vicente, Ricard

Abstract

Zipf's law states that the frequency of a word is a power function of its rank. The exponent of the power is usually accepted to be close to (-)1. Great deviations between the predicted and real number of different words of a text, disagreements between the predicted and real exponent of the probability density function and statistics on a big corpus, make evident that word frequency as a function of the rank follows two different exponents, ~(-)1 for the first regime and ~(-)2 for the second. The implications of the change in exponents for the metrics of texts and for the origins of complex lexicons are analyzed.

Full text

 "!#$&%')(+* ,.-0/214357698;:=<?>A@B6C1D>.EF6C>G6CH2IKJMLONPIG/RQ3STVUXWSYZ- -.HR1D3Q>.W/RIG[S ^]`_a cbRS cHRIGJC6C5+/2dHDeR 2eRg2]4:ZhijW k :H2dB@lH4Tm6nijd>A@Bop@BQ=@l6CS  gRq2q4 X<[6nZVH2IKs EF/2HR[S W69uw x698?o7JC/4 2yRb2e  SY:h z|{}~C~ m ? O9`GjMajp)M?&FVl`¡¢ O£`VO¤)?` ¥¢¦  `a)§©¨ª'.M«=£lR¦¦)F&C¬M ¥ lMMj¡jn®£¯M l.±°²0³´l¨Xµj=G ¡B¶©a l^®£AVMj¡j¡a¡P¥R·X®£^&¡ ¸&MRj^V¥¡B^&Fj«R¹ ¡ `aºlM·cM=j'®£¬MMjV¡j¡»G?¡X=lM«=£¥)M=&BjVl®?G®?¼ A|¡CM)` A ¤)?` ¥;G?¡¯`G` ¼0l® º½¥)`¹·nG§¥»¶©¡BRcj?GcV¥¡p)M¾an ¤)?` ¥4&¦j.`a)§½p& CXAV±¡ ¸£M=X«R&¥)M=`¹m¿À°².³j´PplXjFÁ)Mº¦·c a¡D¿°j².³Ânp¥j.=¥¡¨ª')|·c¼MG l&¦j¯Ã?a)º¥¯ 4M«=£lRjp¥) ·cMj`&«RjG?¡4p¥j.l` º& &?¦·c? M« «©laj¯a¥ RÄ=¡¨ ÅÇÆÈ'É|ÊmË¥ÌÎÍÏ 3/au6CI057Hau¯>GS'Ðo+3ÑKÒ+>.57HauPS£u»/2IK[ÇÑÓIG6CÔ¦Q6CdJ9<)S'JC/214357698;5+698o7JC/Rd>GS5+H2dÕRQ©HRÕ26 69Öm/R57Q=@lo+/2d ×KØ£ÙÚAÚAÛ9ÜAÝ2ÙMÞߥàáÞ¥âcãä¥åAæ¥ÙÚaç è Û9ÝãMÚAåAécÛ9ÞBåÙê&ëæBìCÜàîí9ÜïBðÎÞàîñÛ9ÚÜAàîåAãåëÙòîàáå9óÛ9í9ÞàîíKãcߥÛFØ£ãMåAãòîäÞCìãPôð¬ëVØõ Ø£ãMécÝä¥Ü÷öÎÙÚAߣïBø±óÙߥä¥òù'úRïBûMÙ޻ݥàáÜaï è Û9ÜÝ¥ãåAü.ù'úûMýû þ?ÿ ý  cùãÚAí9ÛKòîÙÞ¥ãRï  ë  ö ëæ¥ÙÞ¥Û  ý  jýMú    ý  jýý Û  7écãàáò  £ÚAãécÙÞ  í9ÙécÝ¥òáÛ9üç äÝRíCç Û9Ü  This is an Accep ed Manusc ip o an a icle published by Taylo & F ancis G oup in Jou nal o quan i a i e linguis ics on 2001 a ailable online a : h p://www. and online.com/10.1076/jqul.8.3.165.4101  "!$#%'&)(+*+,-#./&0! 1 L6¯Ð'o73Ñ9Ò7>F57HauÑ /2Iu»/2IK[>GS 2 l<N 436573 ÷Ðo+3Ñ 98 Ðo+3Ñ S  qRy :; S÷o7>F/2d6¯/RÑ?@BL6¯14/2> @|Ñ Qd[H2146Cdl@BH25 HRd[À3/23Q57HRIH2JMLo+69Öm6C146Cdl@l>4/RÑÔ¦QHRdl@lo @lH@lo Öm6½5+o7dÕRQo7> @Bo7JC>4HRd©[@lL6½/RIGo+Õ2o+dÀ/2ÑFHuPo7[6½IKH2dÕR6 /RÑ LB<3?/@lL6C>Go+>H 2 /RQR@|o @l>/RIGo+Õ2o+d <8>= Îo+S @?A?A?B;/36C 6C>G3o @l6¯o @l>FH233H2IK6Cdl@|IG/ 2 Q> @ld6C>G> $8 WH2IKH2dHRd D cH25+H2>GQ E2 IKH2L1DHRdl<©H2dS  qRq2 F  cHR57HR>GQ E2 IGHRL1DHRdl<mHRd D WHRIGHRd©HRdS  q2q G; KS.Ð'o73Ñ9Ò+>57Hau o+>HRd 6C143o7IKo7JCHR5X/ 2 >a6CIÃÖ&H`@Bo7/Rd H2d[ d/@ HÇ5+Hu o7dH¾IKo7ÕR/2QIK/2Q>¯>G6Cd>G6 H8 -0H2> @lo+S  qRq2b F9= ÷o+S  q2qR ;I3 xijd @BLo7>»JC/Rdl@l698@lSVÐo+3Ñ9Ò7>»5+Hu LHR> J2 ?6C6CdxHR>G>GQ1D6C[ +2 Q=@d/`@69835+H2o+d6C[xo7dxIK6CJC6Cdl@1D/¦[6C5+>»Ñ /RI@BL6 69Ö©/25+Q=@lo+/2d /RÑP> <dl@BH2J9@Bo7JxJC/R1D1|Qdo7JCH@lo+/2d K8 ÃW/au»H2s¦SPZX5+/`@Bs¦o7dS DML H2d>G6CdS N: Re2eRe ; HRd©[ o7>HRd / 2 lÖo+/2Q>.o7dÕRIG6C[o+6Cdl@¯ÑÓ/2I0H2dl< @BL6C/2IÃ<;/RѬ57HRdÕ2QHRÕ26n69Öm/R57Q=@Bo7/Rd E3 O IGo+Õ2o+d©HR5^Ðo+3Ñ9Ò7> 57Hau QP 57o+d©sR6C[ +R aSV@lL6 IGHRds /RÑ.Hu/RIG[ S8 o+dHx5+o7> @½/RÑu»/RIG[>[6CJCIK6CH2>Go7dÕR5p< /RIG[6CIK6C[ T2 l<OÑÓIG6CÔ¦Q6CdJ9< ; uPop@BL VUW8XRY; KSop@B>Ñ IK6CÔ¦Q6CdJ9< Z3 1 L6FIG6C5+H`@Bo7/RdÑÓ/25+57/au¯>XH¯3?/au»6CIX57Hau o+dP@BL6 ÑÓ/2IG1 [ U]8^RY;`_badceR g 8  ; u¯L6CIK6 ]hAi  8 ÃÐo+3Ñ S  q2y :F ^-0H2> @Bo7S  q2qRb F 1 >G/2do+>GSX:JML¦Q5p@ j CS D 1 >G/2do+>GS  qRq2y ; PHRd[ kadc no+> @BL6n3IG/ 2 ©H 2 o75+op@j<;/RÑm@BL©6n14/2> @PÑ IG6CÔQ[email p o ec ed]»/2IK[ E3 1 L6n>GH2146n57HauJCHRdOH25+>G/ W2 6n3IG6C>G6Cdl@B6B[½H2>.3IG/ 2 H 2 o+57o @<;[6Cd>Go @<xÑ QdJ9@lo+/2d E[ l 8Xmn;"opmq  8>:; uPL6CIG6 l 8Xmn; .o+>@lL6n3IG/ 2 H 2 o75+o @< @lLH@¯Hu/RIG[Oo7>F3IK6C>G6Cdl@ sm |@lo+1D6C>.o7dOHn@B698¦@ 3 h5p@BL/2QÕRL 02 /`@BL @BL6IGHRds[o7> @BIGo 2 Q=@lo+/2d½HRd©[|@lL6^u»/2IK[½Ñ IG6CÔQ6CdJ9<x>G3?6CJ9@BIGQ1 JCH2d u2 61D/[6C576C[½o+d½1DHRdl<u»Ha<> w ç yx .ç z BàáÝ¥ê£ß¥àáÜAíKÙañMÛKÚAÛ9ß»écãÞCìÚAãÞ |{ Ý¥ÚAÙ } ¥ã } ¥àáòáàîå ìÚAÛ9òîãåAàáÙMÞÜaç E àîÞí9Û -~ ?Û -~ àîòáòê¼ÙCíKä¥ÜAÛÙÞ»åAæ¥ãåÙê q~ ?ÙÚAߥÜï ~ ?Û ~ àîòáòÜAàáécÝ¥òáìFæ¥Û9ÚAÛKãMê¼åAÛ9ÚÚAÛ9ê¼Û9ÚåAÙcàáåãÜåAæ¥Û sz BàîÝê / Ü÷òáã Y~ ç : 81 Q57[HaÖ&H2S  qRq GF  cH25+H2>GQ E2 IGHRL1DHRdl<mHRd D WH2IKH2dHRdS  q2q GF WHRIGHRdH2d D cH25+HR>aQ E2 IKH2L14H2dl<©H2dS  q2qR ; KS£u»6nH2[/R3=@¯H43?/au»6CI.5+HuwÑ /RI.>Go714357o+J9@<xIG6CH2>G/Rd> /3 ? 6JCH2dIG6C5+H`@B6 @BL6½IKH2dsOuPop@BLx@BL6½3IK/ 2 H 2 o+57o @j< [©6Cd>Go @< ÑÓQd©J9@Bo7/Rd E3= ÷69@OQ>[6Cd©/@l6 2 l< k _S l 8X; @lL6|d¦Q1 2 6CI/RÑu»/2IK[>LHÖ?o7dÕ3?/R3Q57H@lo+/2d T SmuPL©6CIK6 Q o+>X@lL6F@B/`@lHR5Îd¦Q1 $2 6CI /RÑmu»/2IK[Oo7d@lL6n>GHR1D35+6 3 1 L6CdS&@lL6nIKH2ds o+>.Õ2o Öm6Cd k2 l<  8^;`_   0> ' 8 Ãg ; HRd[¯@lL61D/R> @ÑÓIG6CÔ¦Q6Cdl@u»/2IK[ LHR>  _  S@lL6>a6CJC/Rd[ 14/2> @»Ñ IG6CÔQ6Cdl@u/RIG[L©HR>  _: 2S?HRd[ >G/½/2dSÑ /RIn[6CJCIK6CH2>Go+dÕÖ&H25+Q6C>P/RÑ  o7d@lL6o7dl@B6CÕ2IKH25 3 ½UÔ n3 ½g½6C> @lH 2 57o+>GL6C>PH½Õ26Cd6CIKH25 IG6C5+H`@Bo7/Rd 2 69@ju6C6Cd|@lL6IKH2ds±/2Ñ÷H2d½69Ö©6Cdl@no7d|@lL6>GHR1D3576»H2d[ @BL63IG/ 2 H 2 o+57o @<[o7> @BIGo 2 Q=@lo+/2d½HRJCJC/2IK[o7dÕ @B/ @BL6469Ö©6Cdl@DÑÓIG6CÔ¦Q6CdJ9< Z3 :Q E2 > @lo @lQ=@Bo7dÕ  o c g 8 / 2 =@lHRo7d6C[;Ñ IK/21 UÔ n3  ; H2d[;UXÔ 3T: ½o+d UÔ n3 .g»u»6Po+1D146C[o7H@l6C5 <;Õ269@  c    c g SÑÓIG/R1 u¯L6CIK6 hH_  H  8 Ã] ;  _  h *  8 Ãb ; ijÑ hH_  @lL6Cd  >aL/RQ57[ k2 6 7:3 iÓ@JCHRd 2 ?6»/ 2 >G6CI Ö©6C[o7d|@BL6»357/@l>c/RÑ 8 ÃÐo73ÑÓS  qRy :F -.HR>A@Bo7S  qRq2b F 1 >G/2do+>c6K@HR5 3 +S  qRq2y ; ¬@BLH`@ @BL657Hau 3IG/aÖo+[6C>H½ÕR/¦/¦[  =@4Ñ /RI@lL6>G1DHR575+6C> @DIKH2ds> W8 HRJMs¦d/au¯5+6C[Õ2o+dÕ½>G/2146[69Öo+H`@Bo7/Rd>H`@ @BL6»Ö©6CI < <2 6CÕ2o+do7dÕ½/2Ñ@BL64/RIG[6CIKo7dÕ½[o7>GJCQ>G>G6C[o+d p8 1 >G/Rdo7>n69@DHR5 3 +S  qRq2y F"= ÷o7S  qRq2 ;/;2 Q=@Dd/ H@G@B6Cdl@lo+/2d4LH2> -2 6C6CdD3HRo7[»@l/^@lL60[69Öo+H`@lo+/Rd©>o7d»@BL©6V@BH2o+5 3? 6VuPo75+5>GL©/au @BLH`@.>aQJLD[69Öo+H`@Bo7/Rd> HRIG6n1|QJMLO1D/RIG6no+1D3/2IÃ@lHRdl@0@lLH2dO698?3?6CJ9@B6C[ E3 g  Q¡k%¢£ !#9 O d6n/RÑm@lL6n[6C>Go+IGH 2 ©5+6n3IG/R36CI @lo+6C>./2ÑÎHD5+Hu ¤8 HR>.op@PL©HR336Cd>uPop@BLOJC/2141D/RdO3Ll<>Go7JCHR55+HuP> /; .o+> @B/DHR575+/uwÑ /RI.H2JCJCQIKH`@B6n3IG6C[o+J9@lo+/2d> /3 1 L643IG6C[o+J9@l6C[d¦Q1 2 ?6CI  /2Ñ[o ¥ ?6CIK6Cdl@l>cu»/2IK[>P/RÑH@B698¦@±Ñ /RIG146C[ ¦2 B< + u/RIG[>GSJCH2d )2 6 / 2 =@lHRo7d6C[ k2 l<;HR335p<?o7dÕ@BL6nÐo+3Ñ9Ò7>.57HauwH2d[O>G/25 Öo+d©Õ»@lL6nÑÓ/25+57/au¯o+dÕD6CÔ¦QH@lo+/2d   _badce` g 8>G; uPL6CIG6  ¨§  "o+>¬@BL657/au»6C> @3IG/ 2 H 2 o+57o @<4@lLH@JCH2d V2 6HRJMLo769Ö©6C[ V2 l<¾Hu»/RIG[ o+dHF@l698@/RÑ>Go j C6 43 T©IG/R1 UXÔ 3G »u6n/ 2 =@lHRo7d )_ª© 9adcI« c g ipadc 8 Ãy ; ? 6|3IG/¦JC6C>G>G6C[ V¬Jªi wq ¢  e Z® Xu»/2IK[>»/RÑ'@BL6 ^IGo @lo+>aLWH@lo+/2dHR5¬-./RIG3Q> 8 à cW- 9; H JC/2IK3Q> /RÑ1D/¦[6CIKdUdÕ25+o7>GLS ¢2 ?/@lL >G3/2sR6Cd ¯8  e °W; DHRd©[;uPIGo @G@l6Cd ±8 Ãq2e °W;4²3b? 6Ç/ 2 =@lHRo7d6C[ pU]8  ;V_ e ³ +e G 2e  eR] G RS sh±_  8 Ã3/u»6CI 5+Hu IG6CÕ2IK6C>G>Go7/Rd E;/3 YdÑ /2IÃ@lQdH@l6C5 <)S -_ b2 R ( e2gReu»H2>Öm6CIÃ< ÑÓH2I ÑÓIG/21 µ´¦¶ b Z³XG9  e ·3 1 L6 J2 ©o+Õ[69Öo7H@lo+/2d/ 2 >G6CI Ö©6C[½JC/2Q5+[ u2 6H@G@BIGo 2 ©Q=@B6C[ @B/4H3/¦/RI0> @BH`@Bo7> @lo+JC> /RIH 72 HR[  =@G@lo+dÕn/RÑ)@lL603HRIGH21469@l6CIK>o+dl@B6CI Ö©6Cd©o+dÕno+d»@lL603IG6C[o+J9@lo+/2dS adc H2d[ Wh3? 6Vu¯o+575£>aL/au @BLH`@0@lL6CIG6no+>.HD[6C6C36CI.IK6CH2>G/Rd @3 ? 6JC/R1D3Q=@B6C[ @BL63IG/ 2 H 2 o+57o @<[6Cd>Gop@j<Ñ QdJ9@lo+/2d;/RÑ@BL6ÑÓIG6CÔ¦Q6CdJ9< ¸8 o+d;d¦Q1 2 ?6CI»/RÑX/J9_ JCQIK6CdJC6B> /; X/2Ñ&@BL6 cW- 3  /RIG63IG6CJCo+>G6C5p<)S)@lL63IG/ 2 H 2 o+57o @< ¹UW8»ºq; ÷@BLH`@HFu»/2IK[ /JBJCQIK> ¼º P@Bo7146C> o+dx@lL6½JC/RIG3Q> /3 1 L6½576CÑî@ÇLHR57Ñ/RÑ@lL6½35+/`@BS>GL/au¯dÀo+dÀT o+Õ2QIK6 u: 2SFIG69Ö©6CH25+6C[ÀHu»6C575 _a[6  d6C[ ½I¾ |ÙÚAߥܬߥà À¿ 2Û9ÚAÛ9ÞBå÷åAæ¥ãÞÝÚAÙÝRÛ9ÚÎÞ¥Ùä¥Þ 7~ ?Û9ÚAÛòáÙ Y~ ?Û9ÚAíKãMÜÛ9ß&ç?øPãÚ »{ CÜ ~ ?ÛKÚAÛÛ9üBí9òáä¥ß¥ÛKß&ç  Þ |Á Û9í9åAÛ9ßê¼ÙÚAécÜÎÙêåAæ¥Û ÜAãécÛ.ô¼ÚAÙBÙMåaõ q~ ?ÙÚAß J~ ?Û9ÚAÛå ÚÛ9ãå ÛKßãÜßà À¿ 2Û9ÚAÛ9ÞBå ~ ?ÙÚAߥÜaç  ù'ö^Ø àîÜVãFíKÙMòáòáÛ9í9åAàîÙÞPÙêmåAÛ9üCåVÜAãécÝ¥òáÛ9Ü0ôâÛKÞ¥Û9ÚAãòáì»Þ¥Ùå¬òáÙMÞâÛ9Ú¬åAæ¥ãÞ 4 ú Äà ýýMý Q~ ?ÙÚAߥÜaõAç  å¬àîÜVÜìCÞ¥íKÚAÙÞ¥àáíô¼àáå àîÞí9òáä¥ß¥ÛKÜàîécãâàîÞãå àáñÛ÷åAÛ9üBå Üê¼ÚAÙé Å ý=ïàáÞ¥êÙÚAécãåAàîñÛ÷åAÛ9üBå Ü?êÚAÙé AÆ júRõ ïâÛ9Þ¥Û9ÚAãòôÞÙåmÜAÝRÛKí9à ÈÇ ¥í9ãòáòîì^ÚAÛ9ÜAåAÚAàáí9åAÛ9ß å ÙãÞBìÝ¥ãÚAåAàáí9ä¥òáãÚ ÜAä |}É AÛ9í9å Ç ¥ÛKòîߣïRÚAÛKâMàáÜAåAÛ9Ú ÙÚ âÛ9ÞÚAÛCõAïRécÙÞ¥ÙòáàîÞâä¥ãòÎôàáå í9ÙécÝ¥ÚAàáÜAÛ9Üå ÛKüCå ÜAãécÝ¥òáÛ9Ü -~ 'æàîíjæ¯ãÚAÛ ÜAä |} ÜAåAãÞCåAàîãòáòîìå æÛ'ÝÚAÙCßä¥í9å©ÙêRÜAÝRÛ9ã { Û9ÚAÜmÙê=ù'ÚAàáå àáÜAæ Ê Þ¥âòîàáÜAæ£õRãÞ¥ßcécàîüBÛ9ßnô¼àîå©íKÙMÞBåAãMàáÞ¥Ü Ë} RÙåAæ^ÛKüCãécÝ¥òáÛ9ÜmÙê Ì} 2ÙMåAæ ÜAÝRÙ { Û9Þ»ãMÞß ¢~ ÚAàáåAå ÛKÞ ¢Ê Þ¥âòáàîÜæ&õAç q ¬ß¥ß¥àáåAàîÙÞ¥ãòàáÞ¥ê¼ÙMÚé^ãåAàáÙMÞ»àáÜãañaãàáòáã } òîÛãåæCåAåAÝ  ÍÍ àáÞ¥ê¼Ù=ç Ùaüç ãíCç ä |{Í} ¥Þ¥íCç ] 3/au6CI57Hau IK6B5+H@lo7/Rd>GLo73 )2 69@u»6C6Cd l 8Xmn; nHRd[ um uPL/2>G646983?/Rd6Cdl@nu»HR>  _  ³ ¼b 3 1 L6»Ö&H25+Q6 / 2 =@lHRo7d6C[u»HR>  ³XG 2S 2 Q=@½IK6C1D/aÖo7dÕ@BL6|@ju/ + IG> @½3/2o+dl@B>aS0JC/2IKIG6C>G3?/Rd[o7dÕ@B/ @BL614/2> @½Qd=_ JC/R1D14/2du»/2IK[>GSH2d[@BL¦Q>nJC/2IKIG6C>G3/2d[o+d©Õ @B/@BL©6Ñ IG6CÔQ©6CdJC6C> 72 6Co7dÕ @lL6414/2> @D[o Î 4JCQ5p@@l/ 6C> @Bo71DH@l6CS  3 +bDu»HR>|/ 2 =@lHRo7d6C[ A8 5+o7d6CHRI¯IK6CÕ2IK6C>G>ao+/2dS  _  ³ +b :4Ï e ³ +eRe2 ;/3 ;ijd JC/Rdl@lIKH2> @BS^UXÔ 3 ;b 3IK6C[o7J9@B6B[  _Ð:3 ijdxHR[©[o @lo+/2dS@BL6 35+/`@/RÑ@lL6|3©IK/ 2 H 2 o75+op@j< [6Cd>ao @j< Ñ QdJ9@lo+/2do7dT o+Õ2QIK6 $: u»H2>.>G36CJCo7HR575 <;JC576CHRI /3 0h Ô¦Q6C> @lo+/2dO/RÑ 2 H2[O> @BH`@Bo7> @lo+JC>./2I 9 =@G@lo+dÕDHRÕ2HRo7d EÑ TVijNPYEFU  Ò ÓÔ¢#Õ+.y!+Ö.y!]¡ #9Õ] ×yØ h1D/RIG6JCH2IK6CÑ Q575 >Go7ÕRLl@D/2Ñ@BL©6IGHRds/RIG[6CIKo7dÕ½357/@D/2d;/2QI[H`@BH½IG69Ö©6CH25+6C[@lL6698o7> @B6CdJC64/2Ñ @ju»/Ç[o ¥ 6CIG6Cdl@±6983/2d6Cdl@B>¯o+dO@BL6±>GH2146±IKH2dsx/RIG[6CIKo7dÕÇ357/@ +8 ÃT o+Õ2QIK6  ;/3+hc7_Ùh¸i  HRd[ h P iÚ: >a6C6C1 H233IK/23o+H`@B6Ñ /RIIKH2ds¦> RJ۪ܵÝB8  e ¬ (2 e ²; HRd[ RJÞßÜ ÇS IG6C>G36CJ9@lo Öm6C5 < Z3 1 L¦Q>GS @BL6Ñ IK6CÔ¦Q6CdJ9<¾/RÑ£u»/RIG[> ¼2 6CJC/2146C>^H|[©/RQ E2 57657Hau¯S@BL6o+dop@Bo7HR5?Ð'o73Ñ9Ò+>^57Hau"H2d[ H|14/2IK6>G57/R3o7dÕ [6CJCHa<)S U]8^RY;`_ adceR gqà o7Ñ dRÛÜ Ü gá aZâ`R gá /`@BL6CI uPo7>G6 8 à ; uPL6CIG6 a â o+>Hn@BL6¯3IK/ 2 H 2 o75+op@j</2Ñ@BL6 s _@BLÇ1D/R>A@¯Ñ IG6CÔQ©6CdB@Fu»/2IK[ <8 Ãop@|JCHRd¾HR57>G/ ]2 6P/ 2 =@BH2o+d6C[ ÑÓIG/21 UXÔ n3  HRd[@lL¦Q> 2 6  § adc/Ü g c ipa  § ܹ;I3 TVijNPYEFU : = Î69@ 7ãä_å© adc8  ;/« c gà 3 hJCJC/RIG[o+dÕ @l/½ ½H2d[ )2 6Co+dÕ  ¨§  "@lL6>G1DHR575+6C>A@D3IK/ 2 H 2 ©o+57o @j<)S'@BL6 b d¦Q1 2 6CI./RѬ[o ¥ [email p o ec ed]»/RIG[>.3IG6C[o+J9@l6C[Oo7> ´)_ © aËc/« cæ gà o+Ñ da âÛ  ÜÚ© a â« c gná /@lL6CI uPo7>G6 8 Ãq ; uPL6CIG6 9adcèç éèéÅéQ_  ³ +e G: Rq :s  e ² BS EaZê¨ç éèéÅéQ_  ³ +y  G 2] s  e ê H2d[ a · ç éèéÅéQ_  ³ +gR]2yRe :s  e ê 3 1 L60Ö&H25+Q6P/2Ñ J´ JCH25+JCQ57H@l6C[4@BLIG/RQÕ2LÇUÔ n3 qDo+> Q:  g ( b2yRe2S÷1|QJMLÇJC5+/2>G6CI@B/n@BL6PIG6CHR5Ö&HR57Q6 3 TVo7ÕRQIG6g>GL/au¯>F@lL6PÖ&H25+Q6 /RÑ  S ´ Sc/ 2 =@BH2o+d6C[Ç@lLIG/RQÕ2LUXÔ 3 y ; |HRd[¢q FsÜ _¤G ( e2eRe ; |HRd[ U `2 ?6C5+o7dÕ ë 2Z Qì /2>GJML6C5HR33IG/a8o+1DH@lo+/2d í8 ÃU "2 6C57o+d©Õ D Z ¢ì /R>GJML6C57S  qRq2] ; .H2>.H4Ñ QdJ9@lo+/2dO/RÑ d43 TVijNPYEFU g î ï.,s*+./&0! h >ao+dÕ25+6 >G57/R36 h<_  JCH2dx/Rd5p< ð2 6 H@G@BIGo 2 Q=@l6C[@B/H >GQ3?6CI I JCo7HR5V5+/¦/RsÇ/2d>a14H25+5p_a>Go j C6C[@l698¦@B> o+du¯Lo+JML [69Ö?o7H@lo+/2d>o7d @lL6@BH2o+5/2Ñc@lL6x[o+>A@BIGo 2 Q=@lo+/2d B8 /2Ñc@lL6IGHRd©sB_a/2IK[6CIGo+d©Õ¢35+/`@ ; |u»6CIK6 H@G@BIGo 2 Q=@l6C[Ç@l/ ¹ dop@l6>Go j C6 6 ¥ 6CJ9@l>|o+d>A@B6CH2[/RÑ0H[o ¥ 6CIK6Cdl@6983/Rd©6CdB@ y3 H2dB<3IG69Öo+/2Q>Fu»/2IGs /Rd UXdÕR57o+>GLOuHR>¯36CIGÑ /RIG146C[ /2dIG6C57H@lo Öm6C5 < >G14H25+5@B698¦@l>GSo 3 +6 3+:G 2e ( ]Rg2e4u/RIG[> V8 ÃÐo+3Ñ S  qRy :; GS bRq ( ]2qR nu/RIG[> 8 -0H2> @lo+S  q2qRb ; KS : Re ( e2eRenu/RIG[> $8 1 >G/Rdo7>69@|HR5 3 +S  q2qRy ; KSÎÑ HRIFÑ IK/21 @lL6 Ni "q Q  e Z® u»/2IK[>./2Ñm@BL6 4ñ$ܹò u»6n3IG/JB6C>G>G6C[ E3 Tm/2I 5+/2dÕ^@l698¦@B>GSR@lL60dQ1 $2 6CI /2Ñm[©o ¥ 6CIG6Cdl@ u»/2IK[>o7>14H2o+d©5 <[Q6V@B/c@BL60>G6CJC/2d[4698?3IG6C>G>Go7/Rd o+dUÔ n3 q 3 hIG6C5+H`@Bo7/Rd uAoB c gná u»H2>3IG69Öo+/2Q>G5 <>GL/au¯d;o7d p8 ÃU "2 6C57o+dÕ D Z Qì /2>GJML6C5+S  q2qR] ; /2IK6n3IG6CJCo+>G6C5p<)S E)_::Z³ ¼  é¨ó ²Å· 3 1 L6 @ju»/;/ 2 >G6CIÃÖm6C[À698?3?/Rd6Cdl@l>[opÖo+[6 u»/2IK[>4o+dx@ju/;[o ¥ ?6CIK6Cdl@O>G69@l> /[ xH;sR6CIGd6C5c5+6K8?o7JC/Rd ÑÓ/2IG146C[ 2 l< ôiõÜ Öm6CIK>GH`@lo+576u»/RIG[>H2d[;HRd;Qd57o+1Do @l6C[;5+698o+JC/2d;Ñ /RI>G36CJCo  JJC/R1D1|Qdo7JCH@lo+/2d E3 G ? 6>GQÕ2ÕR6C> @ @lLH@ @lL6 >ao j C6/RÑ @lL6 s26CIKd©6C5^5+698o+JC/2d¢o7>IK6C57H@l6C[¾u¯o @lL¢JC/2d> @lIKH2o+d>/RÑFJCHR3H2JCo @< /RÑ|LQ1DH2d S2 IGHRo7d E3 h>½HÀ1DH`@K@l6CI½/RÑ¯Ñ H2J9@BS@lL6CIK6o+>O69Öo+[6CdJC6/2ѯHÀIG6C5+H`@Bo7/Rd>GLo73 S2 ?69@ju»6C6Cd JMLHRIGHRJ9@l6CIKo7> @Bo7J>Go j C65+o714op@BH`@Bo7/Rd>0H2d[½o+d Eö 6CJK@Bo7/Rd½3/2o+dl@l>0/RÑÎ3/au6CIc57Hau 6983/2d6Cdl@B> 48 -.HRdJML/ D :/R5 /÷ 6CS ': 2eRe2e ;/3 1 L6»JMLHRdÕ26»/RÑ@BL6»6983/2d6Cdl@/RÑ@lL6»3/au»6CIc5+Hu [6CJCHa</2Ñ£@lL6»1|Q=@lQHR5?o7dÑ /RIG14H`@Bo7/RdH2>cH ÑÓQ©dJ9@Bo7/Rd4/RÑ2@lL6c[o7> @lHRdJC6 92 69@ju6C6Cdu»/2IK[>H2ÕRIG6C6C>?u¯o @lL@lL6cHÖ©6CIGHRÕ26c576CdÕ@lL/2Ñm>G6Cdl@l6CdJC6C> /3? 6 >GQÕRÕ26C> @@lLH@»L6CIG6@lL6JMLHRdÕ26o7d6983/2d6Cdl@B>^o+>^IK6C57H@l6C[Pu¯o @lLP@lL6HaÖm6CIKH2ÕR6HR1D/RQ©dB@»/2Ñ&u»/2IK[> @BLH`@nL¦Q1DHRd k2 IKH2o+d½o7>06 Î DJCo+6Cdl@l5 <xH 2 5+6^@l/4> @B/2IK6nHRd[½Q>a6 3? /2IK[> uPop@BL@BL6Lo7ÕRL6C>A@nIGHRdsH2IK6 Ö©6CI < >G3?6CJ9<  J HRd[x/ 2 BÖo7/RQ>G5p< d/`@>GLH2IK6C[ +2 B<HR575¬>G36CH2sR6CIG> /3 hJCJC/RIG[o+dÕ|@B/¯@lL6|o7dl@B6CIG>G6CJ9@Bo7/Rd /RÑ@BL6»57o+d6C>cH23IK/a8o714H`@Bo7dÕ@lL6X@u»/ IG6CÕRo7146C>c/2Ñ 6U]8XRY; ^o+dTVo7ÕRQIG6  S¦@lL6s26CIKd6C55+698o+JC/2d/RÑ@BL6 cW-Àu»/2Q5+[ k2 ?6nÑÓ/2IK1D6C[ k2 l<;bRS7eRe2e_ YG 2S+e2eReu»/2IK[> Y3 1 L6P698o+> @l6CdJC6P/RÑVH±sR6CIGd6C557698?o7JC/Rd¾IKH2o+>G6C>@lL6PÔ¦Q6C> @Bo7/RdÇ/2ÑVL/au>G14H25+5÷JCHRd 02 ?6PHD57698?o7JC/Rd uPop@BL/2Q=@[IKH2> @lo+JCH25+5p<O6C143?/aÖm6CIKo7>GLo+dÕ¯JC/2141 Qdo+JCH`@Bo7/Rd E3 cZXo7[ÕRo7d±5+H2dÕRQ©HRÕ26C>X3IG/aÖo+[6698HR1D35+6C> /RÑ?Öm6CI <>G14H25+5¬5+698o+JC/2d> /3 PUX> @Bo714H`@B6C>/2Ñ?@BL6|d¦Q1 2 6CI/2Ñ op@B6C1D>/2Ñ H3o7[ÕRo7dDÖ&H2IÃ< ÑÓIG/R1H 2 /2Q=@ gRe2e   bRe2eu/RIG[>GS÷[6C36Bd[o+dÕ±/RdD@BL6¯5+HRd©ÕRQH2ÕR6 T8 EF/214H2o+d6CS  qRq : RS  qR 2 ;/3 1 L6Pd¦Q1 2 6CIF/2Ñ 5+698o+JBHR5Xo @l6C14>¯/2Ñ^H¾>G36CH2sR6CI¯/RÑcH2d /RIG[o+dH2IÃ< 5+H2dÕ2QHRÕ26±o+>¯H 2 /2Q=@ T: 2b ( e2eRe  gRe ( e2eRe <8 JC5+6CH2IK5p< d/@6Cd/2QÕRL±ÑÓ/2I'@BL6F14/2IK6@BLH2dDbRe2e ( eRe2eP[o ¥ 6CIK6Cdl@u»/2IK[>X/RÑ@lL6. cW- 9; ê u¯Lo+576 @BLo7>H21D/RQdl@ o+> `( bRe2eÇÑ /RIPH 1 /2sxZo7>Go7d>G3?6CHRs26CI I3 i @LH2> N2 6C6Cd HRIGÕRQ6C[O@BLH`@P@BL6C>a6 C( bRe2e4u»/2IK[>¯JCH2d ¦2 6 JC/R1 $2 o+d6C[|o+dl@l/3LIGHR>G6C>¬>G/HR>m@l/>GHa<±HRdl<¦@lLo+dÕ@lLH@cJCHRd 2 6>GH2o+[|o7d¯UXdÕ25+o7>GL 8 à HR575+S  q2bRg ;I3 ^h> øI ¬òîåAæ¥ÙäâMæ òáÛ9üBàîíKÙÞ ÜAà Èù 9ÛÛ9ÜAåAàáécãMåAÛ9Ü.ñÛ9ÚAì±ÙMê¼å ÛKÞ ÚAÛ9òáìDÙÞÚÙMäâMæòîì±ãMÝÝ¥ÚAÙaüBàîécãåAÛ9ß í9ÙäÞCåAÜaï?å æÛ J¾ ãMÚAàáÞ¥â  ú ÛKÚAߥãÞ  ÜmÚAÛKí9ä¥ÚAÜàîñÛ÷é^ÙBߥÛKòêÙÚmêÚAÛ Iû CäÛ9Þ¥íKìXÜÝRÛ9í9åAÚAä¥é ãMòáòáÙ Y~ ÜmåAÙÝRÛ9ÚAê¼ÙÚAéécÙÚAÛãí9í9äÚAãå Û÷í9Ùä¥ÞBå Üç nü æ¥àáÜécÙCߥÛKò ÜAåAÚAãàîâæ¥ê¼ÙÚ »~ ?ãMÚߥòáì ãòáòîÙ Y~ Ü^ê¼ÙÚ^å æÛí9ãòáí9ä¥òáãå àáÙÞDÙê÷åAæ¥ÛÞBä¥é } RÛ9Ú^Ùê 6~ ?ÙÚA᝚ ~ 'æàîíjæDãÚAÛ Q{ BÞ¥Ù Y~ Þ W} Bì ãÞDãä¥åAæÙMÚ å æãåXßÙPÞ¥ÙåãÝ¥ÝRÛ9ãÚàáÞ4åAæ¥ÛÜAãécÝ¥òáÛCï nýþ Cç 7 ê -ÿ OàáÜåAæ¥ÛÞCäé "} RÛ9Ú^ÙMê÷ߥà È¿ RÛ9ÚAÛKÞCå ~ ?ÙÚAß4àáÞDå æÛFÜAãécÝ¥òáÛCï£àáåæ¥ãÜ } RÛ9Û9ÞÜæ¥Ù Y~ ÞåAæ¥ãå ` cç ú ç ü &ãécécÜAããÚAÛ  ÜXòáÛ9üCàáí9ÙÞí9ÙÞBå ãàáÞ¥ÛKßOô ^} Bì¯åAæ¥Û.åAàáécÛ.å æÛ.ÜAãécÝ¥òáÛ ~ ?ãMÜ "~ ÚAàáåAå ÛKÞ&õã } 2ÙMäå ÿ4Jýþ  ÿ à ûû ÿ  PûMú ÄÃ/Å  |à AýMýý ~ ?ÙÚAßÜaç q ¥ÛKÛ.ô Xü &äòîßãañaãRï Æ Rõ£êÙÚécÙÚAÛߥÛ9åAãàîòáÜaç y 69836CJ9@B6C[Su/RIG[>»/RÑ>GQJML>G1DHR575¬57698?o7JC/Rd>»H2IK6Ö©6CI < 1 Q5 @lo+Ñ QdJ9@lo+/2dHR5¬H2d[xH JCo+IGJCQ1D5+/¦JCQ=@Bo7/Rd o+>P/RÑá@l6CdIG6CJCQIKIG6C[Ñ /RInJC/aÖm6CIGo+dÕ@lL645+698o7JC/RdÕRH23> /3 1 L6»@lIGHRd>Gop@Bo7/RdÑÓIG/R1 @lL646983/2d6Cdl@ Thc @B/ ¦h P @BH2sR6C>D35+H2JC6½o+dx@lL6½o7dB@l6CI Ö&HR50/RÑIGHRds  e ¬ÛÔRÛ  e ²3ð? 6½>aQÕRÕ26C> @@lLH`@OJC/2141D/Rd 5+H2dÕRQH2ÕR6C>¯H25+>G/ÇLHÖ©6±HÇ5+698o+JC/2d /RÑÎ@lLo7>Ps¦o+d[SLo7[[6Cd í2 B< HRd Qd5+o714op@Bop@B6C[ >G36CJCo  JD57698o+JC/2d E3 W/`@lo+JC6÷@BLH`@^HR5p@BL/2QÕRLF@BL©6X>Go j C6X/2Ñ@lL6X57698?o7JC/Rd|/2Ñ£H>G36CH2sR6CI¬JCHRd 2 6Öm6CIÃ< ]2 o+Õ2S¥uPLH`@^JC/2QdB@l>¬ÑÓ/2I HP>GQJCJC6C>G>GÑ Q5©JC/R1D1|Qdo7JCH@lo+/2dDH2IK6@BL6 u/RIG[>>GL©HRIG6C[ ¹8 Ã>A@B/2IK6C[DH2d[DQ>a6C[ E; u¯o @lL@lL6.1DH8o+1 Q1 d¦Q1 2 6CI./RѬ>G36BHRs26CIK>GS£@BLH`@Po7>GS£@BL6cu/RIG[>.o+d@lL6ns26CIKd6C55+698o+JC/2d E3 1 L61D/RIG3L/R57/¦JCo+JCH25'>Go+1D35+o7JCo @<xHRd[½>a6C14H2dl@Bo7JÕR6Cd6CIGH25+o @<@BLH`@PJL©HRIGHRJ9@l6CIKo j C63o7[ÕRo7d½HRd[ /@lL6CI.s¦d/uPdÇ>Go7143©5+o  6C[Ç5+698o+JC/2d> 8 EF/214H2o+d6CS  qRq :; FIK6C>a36CJ9@F@B/±JC/R1D35+69857698o+JC/2d>FJCHRd¾HR57>G/ 2 6Fo+d[6Cdl@lo  6C[±Ñ /RI'@lL6.s26CIGd6C5©5+698o7JC/Rd E3 1 H 2 576  >GQ141DH2IKo j C6C>'@lL6C1 u¯o @lLD698H2143576C>XÑ IK/21 @BL6 cW- 3 :/2146±H2Q=@BL©/RIG>¯LHaÖ©6±3?/Ro7dl@B6C[ /2Q=@P@lL6±698?o7> @l6CdJC6±/RѬ@ju/Ç[/R1DH2o+d>¯o7dO@BL6±Ñ IK6CÔ¦Q6CdJ9< /2Ñ u»/2IK[> V8 ÃWHRIGHRd©HRd D cHR57HR>GQ @2 IKH2L14H2dl<©H2dS  qRq2 ; GS÷uPL/2>G6D>a5+/236C>PH2ÕRIG6C6u¯o @lL/2QIG>GSX/2IP69Ö©6Cd @BLIG6C6 u8 1 Q57[HaÖ&H2S  q2q G;I3 1 Q5+[HaÖ£H 8 1 Q5+[HÖ&HRS  q2q G; »[69@B6CIG14o7d6C[@lLIK6C6 >G57/R3?6C>»Ñ /RI@BL6IKH2ds [o+> @lIGo 2 Q=@lo+/2dOo+d@lL6nÑ /R575+/au¯o+dÕDIGHRdÕ26C> /[ R_   gRe  hc`_ e Z³ ¼y R"_ gRe  C( bRe2e  h P _  ³  R"_ C( bRe2e  h ¬ _  ³ ¼] :=@BH`@Bo7> @lo+JC>^u»6CIG6 36CIGÑ /RIG146C[;/Rd;h ¢3 V ¢3 1 H2141D>GH2HRIG6CÒ+>d/aÖm6C5  1 IGQ=@BL;HRd[ L Q> @lo+JC>  H2d[;/Rd5p< 5+6986C1D6C>u»6CIG6^JC/2d>Go7[6CIK6C[ E3 1 L6Î@lIKH2d>Go @lo+/2d $2 ?69@ju»6C6Cd@BL6 :   HRd[@lL6cg   IK6CÕ2o+1D6Î@lHRs26C>V357HRJC6 o+dH IGHRd©sDJC57/R>G6CI¬@B/3o+[Õ2o+d5+698o7JC/Rd>c>ao j C6 3 0ijd Eö 6CJ9@l6C[ÑÓ/2IK1D>c/RÑ@lL6>aHR1D6u»/RIG[|u»6CIG6JC/2Qdl@B6C[ HR> [o ¥ 6CIG6Cdl@¯u/RIG[>|o7d/RQI|> @lH@lo+> @lo+JC>GSc>aQÕRÕ26C> @Bo7dÕ±@BLH`@¯@lL6IGHRdsH`@¯u¯Lo+JMLÇ@lL6JMLHRdÕ26o+d 6983/Rd6Cdl@l>^@BH2sR6C>357HRJC6JC/2Q5+[ 2 6IG6C[QJC6C[ E3 1 L6>G57/R3?6/RÑ@BL65+6C>a>ÑÓIG6CÔ¦Q6Cdl@»u»/2IK[>IG6CÕRo7146 8  ³ ¼] ; 0o7>.IK6C1DHRIGs¥H 2 5 <;[o ¥ ?6CIK6Cdl@0@lLH2d½ cW-.Ò+> N8e:;/3 0TmQI @BL6CI0>A@BQ[=<;o+>.d6C6C[©6C[½Ñ /2I0[69@l6CIK1Do+do7dÕ @BL6n/2IKo7ÕRo7dO/RÑm@lLo+>F[o+>GH2ÕRIG6C6C146BdB@ y3 ? 6PJCH25+JCQ57H@l6C[4@lL6P3IG/R3?/RI @Bo7/Rd¾/RÑu/RIG[>F/2ÑVHn@B698¦@ 2 6C57/Rd©ÕRo7dÕn@B/n@BL©6PsR6CIGd6C5÷5+698o7JC/Rd¾HR> HÑÓQ©dJ9@Bo7/Rd;/RÑ "Ü ¾S  s8eÜ0;Q_ â  c UW8XRY; KS 2 ?6Co+dÕ uU]8^RY; @lL6 IG6CHR5V3©IK/ 2 H 2 o75+op@j</2Ñ'@BL©6 o _@BL u»/RIG[ E; o+d¾/RIG[6CI @l/±o+575+Q>A@BIGH@l60@lL6Po+1D3/2IÃ@lHRdJC6¯/RÑ@lL6Ps26CIKd6C5 3  s8 `( e2eRe ;_ e Z³XG 2qRS  s8 ] ( eRe2e ;_ e ³ + R]2S  s8 Ãb ( e2eRe ;`_ e ³ + G FH2d[  s8eG ( eRe2e ;`_ e ³ ¼ 2yF>GL/u L/au IG6CJCQIKIGo+dÕFH2IK6X>GQJML0u/RIG[> /3 hd¯698JC6C3=@Bo7/Rd @B/@lL6»Q©do Öm6CIK>GH25+op@j<x/RÑ@lL6ÑÓIG6CÔ¦Q6CdJ9<6983/2d6Cdl@B>0o+>0:LH2sR6C>G3?6CHRIG6CSo7d|u¯Lo+JML  _ª8  ;  ³XG3 0i @ o+>^>GHRo7[P@BLH`@:L©HRs26C>G36CH2IK6Q>G6C[/2d6LH25+Ñ'/2Ѧ@lL6u»/2IK[>^698@lHRdl@»H@@BL©H@@Bo7146 3 cidH¯>GH2143©5+6/2Ñ R 2] 3G R]2yFu/RIG[>GS?L6Q>G6C[ 1D/RIG6X@BLH2d gRe ( e2eRe [o ¥ 6CIK6Cdl@^u»/RIG[>GS?/2Ñ£uPLo7JL H`@»576CHR>A@» ° u6CIK6/2Ñ Lo+>/au¯dxJCIG6CH@lo+/2d ä8 cHR57HR>GQ E2 ©IKH2L14H2dl<©H2d D WH2IKH2dHRdS  q2q G;·3? 6>GQÕ2ÕR6C> @»@lLH@4L6 2 IK/2sR6 @BL64JC/2141D/2d6C>n/RÑ÷@lL64sR6CIGd6C5?u/RIG[>no7d@BL64>G6C6Cs/2Ñ÷uPo7[64HRd[[©H jj C57o+dÕÖ©/¦JCH 2 ©Q5+H2IÃ< Z3 1 L6 2 o+ÕÇHR1D/RQdl@±/2ÑÎu»/RIG[>P/2ÑLo7>P/auPdJCIG6CH@lo7/Rd>GQ33?/RI @B>Pop@ 3 1 /O>aQ1 Q3S@lL6»@u»/OÑ IG6CÔQ©6CdJ9< [/R1DHRo7d>.>G6C3H2IKH`@B6c@u»/DJC5+6CH2IK5p<;[o+> @lo+dÕ2Qo+>aLH 2 576nJC5+H2>G>G6C>./2Ñmu»/2IK[> /3 1 h = ÷U   I ¬òîåAæ¥ÙäâMæÙÞ¥òáì0íKÙMÞBåAÛ9ÞCå '~ ?ÙÚA᝚ '~ ?Û9ÚAÛVí9ÙÞÜAàáߥÛ9ÚAÛKß&ï`åAæ¥ÛVã } ¥ÜÛ9Þ¥íKÛ¬Ùê¦ãßÙécãMàáÞí9ÙÚAÚAÛ9ÜÝRÙޥߥàáÞ¥â^å Ù^ã { Û9ÚAÞ¥ÛKò òîÛKüCàáí9ÙÞ±íKãMÞÞ¥Ùå ¼} 2Ûãå åAÚAà È} ¥ä¥åAÛ9ßåAæ¥Ûã } ¥ÜÛ9Þ¥íKÛÙMê¬í9ÙÞBå ÛKÞCå ~ ?ÙÚA᝚ 9} RÛ9í9ãä¥ÜÛÜAä¥íjæ±ßÙMécãàáÞ±äÜAä¥ãòáòîì4í9ÙÞCåAãàáÞ¥Ü å æÛ9énç q sR6CIGd6C5'57698o+JC/2d IG6C> @P/2Ñm@BL6n57698o+JC/2d Õ26Cd6CIKH25 <¦@j< /2Ñ©@l6CIG14> ÕR6Cd6CIGo+J @B6CIG1D> IKH`@BL6CI @BLH2dO>G36CJCo  J @B6CIG14> µ8 Ã6 3 7Õ 3 R GG BS ;o · S <V @a PÅ¬è¬ S  R  ·Å¬è² S ºÌ G¡ Ncèç ²Å¬ ê HRd[ £¢ ÅR   cèç ¥¤ c/; 57HRIGÕR6CI Öm/¦JCH 2 Q57HRI < o7d H ÕRopÖ©6Cd [/R1DHRo7d 8 Ã6 3 7Õ 3 ¢ ÅR a §¦   ¬  ¨ç  Åé ¬ S ¨_  ¦ ²è¬ ç ² ¤ P S ¨ ¦  Äa D · ¤ ç ®P® S  M© ¨$  R   cÅcècèç ¤ ¤¥ BS ¦  Hª ÅR G¨$ ¦ 3 §¦  Hª$ ÄcÅc ¬ ç P ¤ · H2d[  R G¨¥A¨_ aR   ²Å¬ÅP ç · é ® ; JC/214357698o @j< /2Ñ©u/RIG[> 14/2d/R1D/RIG3L6C1Do+J u»/RIG[> ® 8 Ã6 3 7Õ 3 R ª ® S  ¦   |c é ² S ©  ¦  c P é BS « ¦   PŲŷ HRd[  ¦  ¬ ç ¬ c P ; JC/2143?/RQd[> k8 Ã6 3 7Õ 3 ¦ R A¢¥ ¦ º ; ¬ ê¨ç c ¤ P S ¬ R  H` Äa ' ÄR ª ÅR  H Ìê ¬ ç ¥¤ ¤ BS a D ¦ ¨$«3ª¥A; |c ¬® ç é ¥¤ Åé lS ¢¥A ¦ º  ¦  ¨$ |c ·Å¬ ç P ¤ ² S ¬ R  H`  ¨ º  ²è¬  ¨ç P c ® H2d[  YaR K ¡ ¦ © ² ê ¬ ç · c êy; H2d[ 1D/RI _ 3L/25+/2ÕRo7JCHR575 < JC/R1D35+698 u»/RIG[> 8 6 3 +Õ 3 ¨_« R   R G«  © ²è· ç ê ² c KS  R ª$ ¦  ÄR   êÅêç ¬ êèê BS ª_«DGD`«3ª   Y ; · ê¨ç ² ¤¥ BS Go ÄR   ¢ª_   ;  ® ç ¤ ¤ Åê S a 'A  ª ¦  ÄR ¦ R G®3  c é ¬ ç ® é ® H2d[    ª ÅR G¨¥  ª : ¦ ª$  ²Å¬¨® ç ê ¥¤ Åéy; 1 H 2 576  [ .-0/2143H2IKo7>G/Rd k2 69@ju6C6Cd @BL6nsR6CIGd6C5'5+698o+JC/2d½H2d[ @lL6IK6C>A@n/2Ñ©@BL6n5+698o+/2d E3 1 L6o7dB@l6CIÃ_ Ö©6Cdo7dÕÑÓ6CH`@lQIK6C>mu»6CIG6X/RIGo+Õ2o+dH25+5p<D[69Öo7>G6C[¯Ñ /RIÎJC/2143H2IKo7dÕ>Go7143576X57698?o7JC/Rd> 8 3o+[Õ2o+dS7JCIK6C/25+6CS 333; HRd[OJC/2143©5+698;5+698o7JC/Rd> /3 .U8?H2143©5+6cu»/2IK[>FHRIG6n>GQ E2 o7d[698?6C[ k2 l<;op@B>.IGHRds n3  G