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Internet of Things - IoT research trends from a bibliometric analysis

Garcés-Giraldo, Luis; Patiño-Vanegas, Juan; Espinosa, Regina; Benjumea-Arias, Martha; Valencia-Arias, Alejandro; Lampen, Manuel Cáceres

Abstract

This bibliometric study aims to analyze the scientific literature on information systems and IoT using the Scopus database, which has the largest number of indexed journals, through quantity, quality, and structure bibliometric indicators, to identify the most relevant research actors. Papers were selected that had information systems and IoT in their title. The analyses were performed in Rstusio, VosViewer and Excel. The results are classified by authors, journals, countries of publication, and keywords. With the aim of identifying research trends in the subject. Among the main findings, it is a topic of interest due to the growth in the last few years. The collaborative works are reflected among countries such as the United States, China, United Kingdom, and authors from the same countries dispersing the publications in important journals of Information technologies, such as the IEEE. Additionally, the main topics are related to reducing risks in information systems, logistics systems, health, smart cities, real-time information, and decision making.

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Copy igh © 2023 by Au ho /s and Licensed by IADITI. This is an open access a icle dis ibu ed unde he C ea i e Commons A ibu ion License which pe mi s un es ic ed use, dis ibu ion, and ep oduc ion in any medium, p o ided he o iginal wo k is p ope ly ci ed. Jou nal o In o ma ion Sys ems Enginee ing and Managemen 2023, 8(1), 18894 e-ISSN: 2468-4376 h ps://www.jisem-jou nal.com/ Resea ch A icle In e ne o Things - IoT esea ch ends om a bibliome ic analysis Luis Ga cés-Gi aldo1, Juan Pa iño-Vanegas2, Regina Espinosa3, Ma ha Benjumea-A ias2, Alejand o Valencia-A ias1 *, Manuel Cáce es Lampen5 1 Ame ican Uni e si y Co po a ion, Colombia 2 Me opoli an Ins i u e o Technology, Colombia 3 Uni e si y o San iago de Chile, Chile 4 Rica do Palma Uni e si y, Colombia 5 Uni e si y o San Ma in de Po es, Pe u * Co esponding Au ho : j alencia@ame icana.edu.co Ci a ion: Ga cés-Gi aldo, L., Pa iño-Vanegas, J., Espinosa, R., Benjumea-A ias, M., Valencia-A ias, A., & Lampen, M. C. (2023). In e ne o Things - IoT esea ch ends om a bibliome ic analysis. Jou nal o In o ma ion Sys ems Enginee ing and Managemen , 8(1), 18894. .h ps://doi.o g/10.55267/iad .07.12739 ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Recei ed: 10 No 2022 Accep ed: 23 Dec 2022 This bibliome ic s udy aims o analyze he scien i ic li e a u e on in o ma ion sys ems and IoT using he Scopus da abase, which has he la ges numbe o indexed jou nals, h ough quan i y, quali y, and s uc u e bibliome ic indica o s, o iden i y he mos ele an esea ch ac o s. Pape s we e selec ed ha had in o ma ion sys ems and IoT in hei i le. The analyses we e pe o med in Rs usio, VosViewe and Excel. The esul s a e classi ied by au ho s, jou nals, coun ies o publica ion, and keywo ds. W i h he aim o iden i ying esea ch ends in he subjec . Among he main indings, i is a opic o in e es due o he g ow h in he las ew yea s. The collabo a i e wo ks a e e lec ed among coun ies such as he Uni ed S a es, China, Uni ed Kingdom, a nd au ho s om he same coun ies dispe sing he publica ions in impo an jou nals o In o ma ion echnologies, such as he IEEE. Addi ionally, he main opics a e ela ed o educing isks in in o ma ion sys ems, logis ics sys ems, heal h, sma ci ies, eal- ime in o ma ion, and decision making. Keywo ds: IoT, In o ma ion sys ems, Indus y 4.0, Digi al T ans o ma ion, Bibliome ics, T ends INTRODUCTION In o ma ion sys ems a e one o he o ganiza ions' mos signi ican a eas o s udy wo ldwide (He nández T asoba es, 2003). I s unc ions aim o collec , s o e, p ocess, ansmi and p oduce quan i iable da a (Li, 2022). The e o e, unde s anding i s na u e and app oaches o IoT h ough a bibliome ic discipline p o ides ele an s a is ical da a o es ablish he le el o scien i ic g ow h o he subjec (Lopez, 1972; P i cha d, 1969). Acco ding o P i cha d (1969), bibliome ics is a subdiscipline o scien ome ics ha uses ma hema ical and s a is ical me hods o analyze he cou se o w i en communica ion o li e a u e o a scien i ic na u e, as well as he au ho s who p oduce i . Simila ly, Bo nmann (2005) indica es ha he ma hema ical and s a is ical me hods used in his discipline make i possible o analyze he impac caused by a scien i ic s udy. On he o he hand, hei use is suppo ed by he impo an ole o publica ions in dissemina ing new knowledge o achie e conc e e explana ions, ela e hem o science and de e mine he g ow h o any scien i ic a ea (Du ieux e al., 2010; Ka z, 1999). This a icle aims o show he esul s o a bibliome ic analysis o in o ma ion sys ems and IoT as a echnology ha has become ele an in ecen yea s. Acco ding o Li (2022), he IoT is changing i s o all he cou se o people's li es by o e ing Ga cés-Gi aldo L. e al. / J INFORM SYSTEMS ENG, 8(1), 18894 2 / 8 com o o hei daily li es and also o companies a an ala ming a e, gi en i s high le el o impac by allowing hem o sa e p oduc ion ime and acili a ing he collec ion o in o ma ion in eal- ime. THEORETICAL CONTEXTUALIZATION The e m "In e ne o Things" (IoT) was ini ially coined in 1999 by he Englishman Ke in Ash on, who p oposed a echnology in which a a ie y o objec s in he physical wo ld could es ablish a connec ion o he In e ne h ough sensing de ices (Thou am, 2021). The In e ne o Things (IoT) allows he in e connec ion o objec s o acili a e cons an communica ion o any place, pe son, o ime (Khan e al., 2021). Gau ay e al. (2022) men ion ha he connec ion be ween objec s is h ough a ne wo k, whose main unc ion is exchanging da a wi h he cen al s o age. Youness (2022) also explains ha he main cha ac e is ic o such da a is hei quan i y, i.e., hey a e massi e da a in eal- ime, usually be ween di e en en i ies a high speed. As Geo gios e al. (2019) explain in hei s udy o IoT in he con ex o Indus y 4.0, Indus y 4.0 aims o ans o m adi ional indus ies in o sma ones by inco po a ing inno a i e echnologies, and one such echnology is IoT. IoT seeks o pe mea e he e e yday en i onmen and i s objec s, linking he physical wo ld wi h he digi al wo ld and allowing people and " hings" o be connec ed any ime, anywhe e, wi h any hing and anyone. The ields o applica ion a e a ied, he mos ep esen a i e being he heal h sec o , cons uc ion, logis ics, su eillance, ag icul u e, and sma ci y (Youness, 2022). As Youness (2022) s a es, he e is a combina ion be ween IoT and o he echnologies, such as Cloud Compu a ion, Sma G id, and Sma Building, whe e he usion o hese echnologies allows o acking la ge amoun s o in o ma ion. In o ma ion sys ems wo k oge he wi h IoT; i is a c ucial componen since i acili a es he p ocu emen o esou ces and he selec ion o a ailable se ices (Fo es ie o & Papuzzo, 2021). Fo example, his ela ionship can be obse ed in he logis ics sec o because hey impac p oduc aceabili y sys ems, isual managemen sys ems o he logis ics p ocess, and in elligen supply chain o companies, among o he s (Zhang, 2021). Technology such as IoT and in o ma ion sys ems a e also ele an o he cons uc ion ield. In a esea ch conduc ed by Lei and Zhang (2021), he au ho s s udy he concep o a sma ci y based on cloud compu ing and IoT. METHODOLOGY An explo a o y s udy was ca ied ou employing he bibliome ic echnique, using Scopus as a sou ce o in o ma ion. This da abase is ecognized wo ldwide o i s ajec o y in he scien i ic ield, compiling in o ma ion on he main a eas o knowledge and in eg a ing mo e han eigh een housand publica ions and i e housand publishe s (A ias- Ci o, 2020). Addi ionally, i has mo e han o y million eco ds ela ed o publica ions, web pages, con e ences, and pa en s (Velandia Pache o & Escoba Cas illo, 2018). The sea ch e ms (IoT and In o ma ion sys ems) a e ini ially es ablished o s uc u e he ollowing sea ch equa ion. ( TITLE ( "In o ma ion sys ems" ) AND TITLE ( "In e ne o hings" OR io ) ). Gene al aspec s o he eco ds ob ained a e desc ibed in Table 1. Subsequen ly, he bibliome ic indica o s o quali y, quan i y, and s uc u e we e de ined, which, as Camps (2008) s a es, make i possible o highligh he scien i ic ac i i y, i s igo , and he in luence (o impac ) o bo h he esea ch and he sou ces. Table 1. Gene al aspec s. Sou ce: Own elabo a ion based on Scopus Gene al aspec s Quan i y Reco ds 166 Au ho s 437 Keywo ds 461 Re e ences 4001 Con e ence pape 90 A icles 58 The in o ma ion was analyzed and p ocessed h ough he Mic oso Excel® o ice au oma ion ool, which, acco ding o Teng e al. (2019), is an ideal echnological ool o da a analysis. The e, he da a we e o ganized, and he espec i e igu es we e gene a ed. As a second so wa e, Vos iewe was used o c ea e a isualiza ion map o cooccu ence (keywo ds), whe e he size o he ec angle indica es he ela ionship wi h he o al numbe o a icles, and he colo is he clus e g ouping. Twen y-nine keywo ds we e selec ed, each wi h a minimum occu ence o 6 imes. RESULTS Figu e 1 con ains in o ma ion on he scien i ic p oduc ion o in o ma ion sys ems and IoT. The a iables in ol ed a e he numbe o publica ions and yea s. In global e ms, he igu e shows he beha io o publica ions pe yea in a pe iod o 14 yea s (2009-2022) in which highs and lows ha e been expe ienced, being he yea 2021 wi h he highes p oduc ion wi h 23 a icles; which ep esen s 14% o he o al o he pe iod. Among he opics add essed his yea , he ou h indus ial e olu ion and i s applica ion s and ou , as men ioned by Zhang and Hao (2021), who p opose a de elopmen in he sa e y managemen o cons uc ion wo ke s based on he In e ne o Things. On he o he hand, Pe ei a and Muñoz (2021) es ablished an in o ma ion sys em o medical eco ds wi h in eg a ed access ia he In e ne o Things. In 2020, 21 publica ions can be seen, ep esen ing 8.18% o he pe iod's o al, ha ing as main opics ela ed o in elligen in o ma ion sys ems and cybe secu i y. This is consis en wi h he indings o Sa ukynas (2020) in his a icle abou in o ma ion sys em secu i y o iden i ica ion and au hen ica ion o sma 3 / 8 Ga cés - Gi aldo L. e al. / J INFORM SYSTEMS ENG, 8 (1), 1 8894 de ices, whe e he au ho discusses he ulne abili y o he da a ha a e daily p ocessed be ween de ices, how o educe his isk and, de ec mo e easily he exis ing anomalies a he le el o he in o ma ion sys em o he equipmen ela ed o IoT. Figu e 1. Publica ions pe yea . Sou ce: Own elabo a ion based on Scopus Based on he abo e, i is e iden ha his is a g owing subjec ha con ibu es o de eloping he wo ld's in o ma ion sys ems. In his ega d, i can be iden i ied ha he coun ies whe e he la ges numbe o publica ions is concen a ed a e: In i s place is China, wi h 77 publica ions, ep esen ing 43% o he o al. Thei app oaches a e a ied, bu opics such as sma ci ies and cloud compu ing a e ep esen a i e. Lei and Zhang (2021) p opose he cons uc ion o a sma ci y, i s cha ac e is ics, applicabili y, and i s in eg a ion wi h IoT. In he educa ional ield, he e a e also con ibu ions, such as he s udy by Hong (2021), whe e he p oposes an in o ma ion and educa ional sys em ha inc eases s uden pe o mance and accessibili y o educa ional esou ces a he compu e le el. In second place is India, wi h 18 publica ions, ep esen ing 14% o he o al. This coun y's main opics a e machine lea ning and business managemen . Gau a e al. (2022) con ibu ed o mi iga ing he e ec s o compu e i uses ha a ec he unc ionali y o en e p ise sys ems. Figu e 2 shows he en au ho s wi h he mos publica ions in in o ma ion sys ems and he In e ne o Things, whose la es s udies ha e add essed issues ela ed o in o ma ion logis ics managemen (Wei, 2014) and IoT-based in o ma ion sys ems (Zhang, 2012). Conce ning hese au ho s om China, i should be no ed ha Wei Y, despi e ha ing i e publica ions, is no a cu en au ho since his esea ch was be ween 2011 and 2014. On he con a y, he au ho Zhang Lin has been p esen on he subjec om 2011 o 2020. A e wa d, Luo J ( he au ho who s ands ou in his indica o since he i s publica ion on he subjec was made by him, and a e yea s o absen eeism, he made a new con ibu ion in 2022), Sun Qing eng and Kong Fansen each wi h h ee publica ions, om China, hei hema ic in e es is in emo e moni o ing in o ma ion sys ems (Luo e al., 2009) and in o ma ion sys ems o eme gencies (Sun e al., 2012). Then we ha e Din, Za ina; Jamba i, Dian Ind ayani; Yahaya, Jamaiah Haji, and Yuso , Ma ya i Mohd om Malaysia wi h h ee publica ions each, who s udy secu i y managemen wi h he in e ne o hings (Din e al., 2021) and inally S obel (2020) wi h h ee publica ions, is in e es ed in scien i ic p oduc ion ela ed o he in eg a ion o IoT in heal h sys ems, o inc ease e iciency and p o i abili y while alle ia ing he inc easingly hea y bu den o heal h sys ems wo ldwide. Figu e 2. Au ho s' p oduc ion o e ime. Sou ce: Own elabo a ion based on Bibliome ix Figu e 3 shows he indica o o he mos ci ed au ho s abou in o ma ion sys ems and IoT. The au ho Cheng Xie has 457 associa ed ci a ions in he i s place. The a icle wi h he highes impac , en i led Ubiqui ous da a access me hod in IoT-based in o ma ion sys em o eme gency medical se ices, p oposes c ea ing a da a model o u he s o age and in e p e a ion (Cheng e al., 2014). Au ho s Hu Jingyuan, Bu Fenglin, Xu Li Da, Cai Hongming, and Xu Boyi ha e 421 ci a ions. On he o he hand, Hu Jingyuan e al. (2014) p opose esea ch on he in eg a ion o in o ma ion sys ems and medical eco ds, whe e he au ho wan s o make a con ibu ion o imp o e access o in o ma ion by ea ing physicians o gi e mo e app op ia e diagnoses in less amoun o ime. On he o he hand, Bu Fenglin e al. (2017) in es iga e issues ela ed o p ocessing mining o mobile in o ma ion sys ems, whe e hey highligh he impo ance o p ope ly managing he connec ion be ween la ge- scale da a and business p ocesses wi h IoT. Xu and Li (2021) ocus hei esea ch on highligh ing he ele ance o he opic, challenges, and ends. Figu e 3. Top 10 Mos ci ed au ho s. Sou ce: Own elabo a ion based on Scopus The indica o o a numbe o publica ions pe jou nal shows he jou nals wi h he highes p oduc i i y and published a icles ela ed o IoT, as shown in Figu e 4. The le column shows he coun ies whe e he publica ions a e om, he jou nals in he middle column, and he ela ed keywo ds in he le column. Ga cés-Gi aldo L. e al. / J INFORM SYSTEMS ENG, 8(1), 18894 4 / 8 Figu e 4. Highes p oduc i i y jou nals. Sou ce: Own elabo a ion based on Bibliome ix] In i s place is En e p ise In o ma ion Sys ems wi h en publica ions in o al. This is a UK jou nal whose main opic o in e es is decision science, which can be e idenced in s udies such as he use o in eg a ed in o ma ion sys ems in supply chain managemen , in which hey wan ed o es in an empi ical way he e ec s o he applica ion and use o in eg a ed in o ma ion sys ems in companies (Gallego González e al., 2012) also cloud compu ing (Cloud Compu ing) and sma ci y (Sma Ci y). As shown in he Figu e 4, his jou nal publishes a icles om di e en coun ies, mos ly om India and China, ollowed by Ad anced Ma e ial Resea ch, a Ge man jou nal wi h se en publica ions, all om China, which in es iga es opics ela ed o enginee ing and echnology, a s udy ela ed o he subjec is he Analysis o he de elopmen mode o he applica ion o he In e ne o hings, in his esea ch seeks o analyze and expose how IoT is applied om an ope a ional poin o iew (Wen e al., 2013). Addi ionally, o he signi ican opics a e logis ics and uni ied in o ma ion sys ems. The emaining eigh jou nals ha e be ween 5 o 2 publica ions, and hei main opics o in e es a e Enginee ing, compu e applica ions, and compu e ne wo ks, among o he s. In he case o his indica o , Pa e o's law is no ul illed since 72% o he jou nals published 80% o he a icles. Addi ionally, he pe cen age was sepa a ed by qua iles. I was ound ha 9% o he jou nals publish 25% o he scien i ic a icles, 30% o he jou nals publish 50% o he scien i ic a icles, 66% o he jou nals publish 75% o he scien i ic a icles, and 72% o he jou nals publish 80% o he a icles. This means ha knowledge on he subjec is dis ibu ed in a small numbe o jou nals, so he e may be la ge knowledge gaps. Figu e 5 shows he jou nals wi h he highes impac de e mined by he numbe o ci a ions. Among he op 10, he IEEE T ansac ions On indus ial is iden i ied as he jou nal wi h he highes impac , wi h 421 ci a ions. I s ocus is on compu a ional in elligence, elec onics, and indus ial applica ions, among o he s. An example is an a icle en i led Pha maceu ical Cold Chain Managemen (Mihai e al., 2018), whe e a model is p oposed o ensu e access o da a om he en i e d ug chain, om he ime i lea es he labo a o y un il i eaches dis ibu ion cen e s such as d ugs o es. Second place is he Con e ence on In elligen Compu ing Technology and Au oma ion, wi h 96 ela ed ci a ions. The opics discussed a ha con e ence we e a i icial in elligence and compu a ional science. The esea ch abo e by Yan (2011) was pa o he con e ence, and he ela ion and ele ance wi h he exposed opic a e obse ed. Finally, he jou nal In o ma ion sys ems F on ie s is in hi d place wi h 90 ela ed ci a ions. This jou nal is om he Ne he lands, and i s mos ep esen a i e esea ch opics a e ela ed o in o ma ion sys ems, so wa e, and compu e and communica ion ne wo ks (Sequei os e al., 2011; Li e al., 2022; Li e al., 2014). Figu e 5. Mos ci ed jou nals. Sou ce: Own elabo a ion based on Scopus 5 / 8 Ga cés - Gi aldo L. e al. / J INFORM SYSTEMS ENG, 8 (1), 1 8894 Figu e 6. Lis o au ho s wi h coun ies and a ilia ion. Sou ce: Own elabo a ion based on Bibliome ix Figu e 7. Keywo ds. Sou ce: Own elabo a ion based on VosViewe Figu e 6 shows he mos p oduc i e au ho s wi h hei espec i e coun ies and he ins i u ions hey belong o. The le column shows he coun ies, in he cen e he mos p oduc i e au ho s, and in he igh column he ins i u ions o which hese au ho s belong. As ep esen a i e da a, i is e iden ha he h ee mos p oduc i e au ho s a e om China, ollowed by Malaysia, wi h ou au ho s in he op 10. Wi h espec o a ilia ion, i is e iden ha Jilin Uni e si y has he mos au ho s esea ching in o ma ion sys ems and IoT. Ga cés-Gi aldo L. e al. / J INFORM SYSTEMS ENG, 8(1), 18894 6 / 8 Figu e 7 shows he keywo d ne wo k be ween IoT and in o ma ion sys ems, esul ing in 3 clus e s. The wo ds in o ma ion use, decision making, medical in o ma ion sys ems, heal h in o ma ion sys em, heal h ca e, hospi als, R id ( adio equency iden i ica ion), and managemen sys em in o ma ion a e ela ed o he ed clus e . The e i can be obse ed ha hey ha e an a ini y wi h he a icula ion o he heal h sec o and in o ma ion sys ems. An example o his is he esea ch conduc ed by au ho s Guoqiang e al. (2016), whe e hey p opose an in elligen medical in o ma ion sys em wi h he aim o dec easing wai ing imes and inc easing he e iciency o hospi al managemen . Fo he g een clus e , wo ds such as sma ci y, cloud compu ing, dis ibu ed compu e sys ems, in o ma ion se ices, and in o ma ion managemen a e ela ed, deno ing he in e es in s udying hese opics, as e idenced by Raki e al. (2022), whose app oach gi en by de ining he ela ionship be ween IoT, cloud compu ing and M2M. Addi ionally, Xiaoguang (2022) p oposes op imizing he en e p ise inancial in o ma ion sys em by in eg a ing IoT, in o ma ion sys ems, and sma ci ies. The blue clus e , composed o he applica ion p og amming in e ace, elecommunica ion ne wo k, eal- ime, compu e sys ems p og amming, and adio equency iden i ica ion, is mos ly ocused on p og amming applica ions, such as an in o ma ion sys em as a Py hon se ice (Anca e al., 2016), eal- ime applied o pa king guidance wi h he in e ne o hings (Liao & Wang, 2014) and inally objec -o ien ed adio equency (Tamo su, 2017). CONCLUSIONS Acco ding o he esul s ound, esea ch app oaches in ecen yea s add ess how o p opose solu ions ha mi iga e he ulne abili y o he da a ha a e daily ansac ed be ween de ices, how o educe his isk and how o mo e easily de ec exis ing anomalies a he equipmen 's in o ma ion sys em le el. Gi en hei na u e o handling la ge olumes o in o ma ion, in o ma ion sys ems ha e qui e signi ican isks, so an e alua ion o secu i y managemen o adop ing IoT echnology mus be cons an ly ca ied ou . These opics ma k he cu en esea ch ends in he ield o in o ma ion sys ems and IoT. In bibliome ic esul s, quan i y is no synonymous wi h quali y since he au ho s who publish he mos do no coincide wi h hose who ha e he g ea es impac in e ms o ci a ions. The e o e i is sugges ed o expand he numbe o esea ches on he subjec so ha knowledge is no in a small numbe o au ho s. REFERENCES A ias-Ci o, J. (2020). Es udio bibliomé ico de la e iciencia del gas o público en educación. Re is a CEA, 6(11), 127– 144. h ps://doi.o g/10.22430/24223182.1588 Bu, F., Huang, C., Cai, H., Li, Y., Du, J., Jiang, L. (2017). A P ocess Mining Based Se ice Composi ion App oach o Mobile In o ma ion Sys ems. Mobile In o ma ion Sys ems, 17. doi: 10.1155/2017/3254908 Camps, D. (2008). Limi aciones de los indicado es bibliomé icos en la e aluación de la ac i idad cien í ica biomédica. Colombia Médica, 56(1). h p://www.scielo.o g.co/scielo.php?sc ip =sci_a ex &p id=S1657-95342008000100009 Din, Z., Jamba i, D. I., Yuso , M. M., Yahaya, J. (2021). 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