Emergent planning: regeneration through empowerment in Developing Countries. São Tomé and Príncipe as case-study.

EMERGENT PLANNING: regeneration through empowerm EMERGENT PLANNING: regeneration through empowerm DliCti SãTédPíi t Developing Countries. São Tomé and Príncipe as case - st Developing Countries. São Tomé and Príncipe as case st A t ib ti t t i h th h i d A contribution to a systemic approach through micro, meso and macro - s ypp g Context N How can micro meso and macro scales be Context Th Dti Rbli f Sã Té d Pí i ION How can micro, meso and macro scales be articulated into integrated development? The Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe speaking microstate located in the Gulf of Guinea arou STI articulated into integrated development? speaking microstate located in the Gulf of Guinea arou Western Coast of Central Africa, formed by two island QUE And how can grassroots initiatives contribute? the homonymous capital city, and Príncipe). It is the Af i t ith dd tit ( 1001 k²) Q g African country, with reduced territory ( 1001 km²) (around 160 000 inhabitants) having a rainy trop The core issue of research is to understand, within a context of scarce th l f Pl i ti l ti tl f iti d (around 160 . 000 inhabitants), having a rainy trop extensive areas of dense vegetation. resources, the role of Planning as an articulation tool of existing and emergent initiatives through community empowerment Inhabited before their discovery in 1470 by the Portug emergent initiatives, through community empowerment . To fulfill this purpose the investigation analyses causes and patterns of Inhabited before their discovery in 1470 by the Portug has undergone several changes and economic cycles To fulfill this purpose, the investigation analyses causes and patterns of human settlements, heritage, dwellings’ typologies and spatial cane plantation ( 16 th century), coffee and cocoa explo beginning of the 20 th century) to its independence PE , g, g yp g p repercussions of cultural features, in order to understand the existing b ilt it d t t fl ibl d it td li beginning of the 20 th century) to its independence consequent nationalization of land . NCIP built environment and to suggest flexible and integrated planning systems based on communities’ skills consequent nationalization of land . PRÍN systems based on communities skills . D P Nowadays AND It is currently part of the group of Small Islands D MÉ A (SIDS) and Least Developed Countries (LDC), where Human Development Report of 2005 poverty affe TOM Human Development Report of 2005 , poverty affe national population, 15 % being under extreme poverty . GY O T pp , g py Nevertheless this microstate bears great potential for LOG SÃ Nevertheless, this microstate bears great potential for oil banks discovered ashore, future investmen DOL Y . remarkable remainders of colonial architecture, or ibiliti f ll kill d til Th it t HOD UDY possibilities of local skills and materials . Thus, integrat built environment monitoring and planning are urgently ETH STU built environment, monitoring and planning are urgently ME E - S CAS C Altimetry Population according to lo Topography [IMVF CEGOT - UC] Population according to lo Topography . [IMVF, CEGOT UC] Urban growth Settlement patterns and changes Heritage RK Urban growth The identification of structures and growth Settlement patterns and changes The study of settlements types and their mutations Heritage The remainders of WOR The identification of structures and growth patterns, as well as their motivations, will allow the The study of settlements types and their mutations over time will allow to understand specific needs The remainders of relevant potential, be LDW p, , recognition of existing dynamics that are important f titil it i d t p and potentials, and to have therefore a more t ti f th b ilt it p task to understand lt th i IEL for territorial monitoring and management . accurate perception of the built environment . evaluate them, in o rehabilitation and T F The territory of São Tomé and Príncipe has been thoroughly occupied through plantation estates rehabilitation and catalysts . LOT thoroughly occupied through plantation estates – Roças – specific typologies that have often been y . PI oças spec c ypooges a ae oe bee transformed into improvised villages, thus raising CH. different demands from other types of settlements . ARC SEA RE NG GOIN NG O Roça Boa Entrada 1950s [ASF] City of São Tomé 1950s [ASF] City of São Tomé 2010 [ASF] Roça Boa Entrada 2010 [ASF] Roça Bombaim barracks 2010 [AS Roça Boa Entrada, 1950s. [ASF] City of São Tomé, 1950s. [ASF] City of São Tomé, 2010. [ASF] Roça Boa Entrada, 2010. [ASF] Roça Bombaim, barracks , 2010. [AS ANA SILVA FERNANDES ana sfernandes@gmail com ment in PHD STUDENT FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE UNIVERSITY OF PORTO PT ANA SILVA FERNANDES . [email protected] ment in td PHD STUDENT . FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE . UNIVERSITY OF PORTO . PT Supervisors Manuel Fernandes de Sá Rui Fernandes Póvoas CEAU FAUP tudy. PhD grant by: Supervisors . Manuel Fernandes de Sá . Rui Fernandes Póvoas . CEAU - FAUP VISITING STUDENT SCHOOL OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERSITY UK tudy. l VISITING STUDENT . SCHOOL OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT . OXFORD BROOKES UNIVERSITY . UK scales. i Pt e is a Portuguese - und 250 km off the und 250 km off the s (São Tomé,with e second smallest d dh and demography pical climate and Oxford Brookes University pical climate and University Uesty City of São Tomé in the 1950s. [IICT] Roça Agostinho Neto in the 1950s. [IICT] uese, this territory y of Porto uese, this territory s, from the sugaroration ( 19 th to the in 1975 and the in 1975 , and the Roça Boa Entrada, barracks, 2010. [ASF] Roça Boa Entrada, Main house, 2010. [ASF] Developing States SÃO TOMÉ ç,,[] ç,,[] e according to the ects 54 % of the SÃO TOMÉ AND PRÍNCIPE ects 54 % of the . development with development, with ts planned, the p r the unexplored td li f th ted analysis of the y needed Neves town 2010 [ASF] Fisherman Jalé 2009 [ASF] y needed . Neves town, 2010. [ASF] Fisherman, Jalé, 2009. [ASF] Population in 2001 (red) Population in 2007 (blue) Roads Population according minus than 26 27 – 551 552 – 1077 main road district road secondary road Population according to location Percentage of population beneath the poverty line 552 – 1077 1078 – 1602 more than 1602 secondary road street walkway ocation [IMVF CEGOT - UC] Poverty [IMVF CEGOT - UC] Road network [IMVF CEGOT - UC] path Population density [IMVF CEGOT - UC] ocation . [IMVF, CEGOT UC] Poverty . [IMVF, CEGOT UC] Road network . [IMVF, CEGOT UC] Population density . [IMVF, CEGOT UC] Appropriation of existing structures Dwelling typologies colonial architecture gather Appropriation of existing structures The study of the changes and user appropriation Dwelling typologies And finally the analysis of dwellings and the ways colonial architecture gather eing therefore an important The study of the changes and user appropriation performed to existing colonial structures is also And finally, the analysis of dwellings and the ways in which their space is used, will allow the g p d, analyze, document and d t tib t t th i p g being studied, in order to understand priorities and t d d l di l p identification of needs and preferences, thus a hi i f th b ilt it order to contribute to their full use as development contemporary needs, and plan accordingly . comprehensive overview of the built environment . full use as development room kitchen kitchen bath / toilet animals animals storage yard y commerce SF and Hugo Machado da Silva] Roça Boa Entrada barracks 2010 [ASF] Example of dwelling Roça Boa Entrada 2010 [ASF] SF and Hugo Machado da Silva] Roça Boa Entrada, barracks , 2010. [ASF] Example of dwelling , Roça Boa Entrada, 2010. [ASF]