Mechanics and materials in design

MECHANICS AND MATERIALS IN DESIGN This volume contains Abstracts of papers presented at the 5th International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design, held at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal, 24-26 July 2006. The event was sponsored by: Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia Fundação Luso-Americana para o Desenvolvimento Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian And supported by Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica e Gestão Industrial Portuguese Association for Experimental Mechanics European Association for Experimental Mechanics Ordem dos Engenheiros de Portugal Câmara Municipal do Porto Empresa Metro do Porto TAP Portugal Airlines MECHANICS AND MATERIALS IN DESIGN Edited by J.F. Silva Gomes & Shaker A. Meguid Edições INEGI (2006) Published by INEGI-Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica e Gestão Industrial Rua do Barroco, Nº 174, 4465-591 Leça do Balio, Portugal Tel:+351 22 957 87 10; Email: [email protected] www.inegi.up.pt July, 2006 ISBN: 972-8826-11-7 Legal Deposit: 244404/2006 Printed by: Claret-Companhia Gráfica do Norte Rua Venceslau Ramos, s/n – 4430-929 Avintes, Portugal Tel:+351 22 787 73 20; Fax:+351 22 787 73 29 Cover design by Nelson Pereira (INEGI) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any other form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, optical, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. v PREFACE M2D’2006 is the fifth international gathering of scientists and engineers interested in the fields of engineering mechanics, design and materials engineering planned for July 24-26, 2006 in the beautiful city of Porto, Portugal. This is a well-established meeting with followers from some 35 nations. The first conference of this series was held in Toronto in 1996 and attracted over 150 delegates. The second was organized by Professors J.B. Hull and R. Gentle in Nottingham in 1998. The third was organized by Professor S.A. Meguid in Orlando in 2000. The fourth was organized by Dr. T. Mori and Professor H. Fujii in Nagoya, Japan in June 2002. These meetings resulted from the belief that of those disciplines associated with advanced product design and manufacture, engineering mechanics and materials engineering have made the most significant advance in recent years. Important and dramatic improvements in component design can be made by the use of the latest advances in mechanics and materials. Indeed, as a result of the activities in these three important fields: Mechanics, Materials and Design, the International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design was established in 2004. With Professor J.F. Silva Gomes being an important member of the Editorial Board and Professor Shaker A. Meguid being its Editor-in-Chief. It is with this in mind that this Fifth International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design is organized. The purpose is to bring together scientists and engineers from the mechanics and materials communities to present their latest results and discuss new advances over a broad range of topics dealing with analytical, numerical and experimental techniques in mechanics and advances in materials’ technology as well as case studies. We have done our best to provide the delegates with an environment conducive to exchange of knowledge, networking and making new friends. We take this to thank our colleagues who contributed considerably to the event by organizing topical symposia and by helping us to launch this important meeting. We are truly grateful for their efforts. We also wish our overseas friends to have a great time in Portugal. We wish you all a happy and successful stay in Porto. Shaker A. Meguid J.F. Silva Gomes vii CONTENTS Preface v List of contributions vii REF: PLENARY PAPERS 1 A0001.1102 Nonlinear Analysis of Functionally Graded Shell Structures Using Tensor-Based Shell Element, by J.N. Reddy, and R.A. Arciniega 3 A0002.1002 Bulk Metal Forming and the Flow Formulation, by J.M.C. Rodrigues, and J.M.C. P.A.F. Martins 5 A0003.0733 Recent Trends in Gear Tribology: Surface Structure and Gear Performance, by BerndRobert Höhn, Klaus Michaelis, and Oliver Kreil 7 A0004.0023 Quasi-static and Dynamic Collapse of Foam Filled Columns: Trends and Prospects, by Shaker A. Meguid 9 A0005.0913 Biomechanical Investigations on the Total Knee Arthroplasty, by F. Fonseca, A. Completo, and J.A. Simões 11 A0006.1301 Microscale Cutting of Metals and the Impact of Microstructure When Machining 1045 Steel Across Different Length Scales, by A. Simoneau, E. Ng, and M.A. Elbestawi 13 CHAP I EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS AND TESTING IN DESIGN 15 A0101.0101 A Test Jig for Relay’s Accelerated Life Testing, by Álvaro Abakerli, Pedro Sasseron, and Frederico Demolin 17 A0102.0102 Data Analysis of Accelerated Life Tests Under Uncertainty Conditions, by Álvaro Abakerli, and Maria Papa 19 A0103.0103 Monitoring of Workpiece Surface in Manufacturing Environment Using Acoustic Emission, by Paulo Aguiar, Eduardo Bianchi, Paulo Cerni, André Lima, and Fábio Dotto 21 A0104.0113 Experimental Evaluation of Machine Parameters During File Cutting Edges, by Eurico Seabra, and Jaime Silva 23 A0105.0114 Non-Destructive Mechanics Procedures of Failure Analysis on Risk-Based Inspection of Natural Gas Pipelines, by José R. Soares, Luís A. Ferreira, Marques Ferreira, A. Correia Cruz, Silvério Marques, and Francisco M. Melo 25 A0106.0120 Techniques in Numerical Differentiation of Experimentally Noisy Data, by Hernâni Lopes, Rui M. Guedes, and Mário A.P. Vaz 27 A0107.0104 Numerical Analysis of Geometrical Issues Concerning Split Hopkinson Tensile Test, by Y.E. Essa, and J.L. Pérez Castellanos 29 A0108.0110 Failure analysis of Automobile Components using Hybrid Techniques, by Perrin Smith Neto, Hernani Palma, and Victor Bicalho 31 A0109.0080 Description of a Synchronism System for Acquisition of External Data During Hopkinson Bar Tests, by R. Guzmán López, and J. L. Pérez-Castellanos 33 A0110.0092 Low-Velocity Impact Analysis of Glass/Epoxy Plates, by Nuno F. Rilo, Luís M.S. Ferreira, and Rogério A.C.P. Leal 35 Porto/Portugal, 24-26 July 2006 Editors: J.F. Silva Gomes & Shaker A. Meguid viii A0111.0097 Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Bond Properties Between Reinforcement and Concrete, by Carlos Moreno, and Ana Sarmento Bastos 37 A0112.0108 Two Way Shape Memory Effect in NiTi Alloy: Experimental Measurements and Numerical Simulations, by Andrea Falvo, F.M. Furgiuele, and Carmine Maletta 39 A0113.0117 Implementation of a Structural Monitoring Network in the New Stone Masonry Bridge in Vila Fria, Portugal, by António Arêde, Aníbal Costa, Cristina Costa, Cristina Barbosa, and Pedro Costa (Invited Paper) 41 A0114.0105 Elliptical Nucleous Optical Fiber Design Technique For Advanced Sensors, by Eric Fujiwara, Eduardo Ono, Robinson Braga, and Carlos Suzuki 43 A0115.0106 Reliable Interpretation of Experimental Data in Health-Monitoring of Structures, by Karl-Hans Laermann 45 A0116.0107 Hysteresis Compensation of an Open-Loop Piezoelectric Actuator for Interferometric Applications, by Luigi Bruno, and Carmine Maletta 47 A0117.0028 Temperature Field Acquisiton During Gas Metal Arc Welding Using FBG Sensors, by Pedro Moreira, O. Frazão, S.M.O. Tavares, M.A.V. de Figueiredo M.T. Restivo, J.L. Santos, and P.M.S.T. de Castro 49 A0118.0111 Residual Stresses Evaluation by the Incremental Hole-Drilling Technique: A New Computational Tool, by João Nobre, A.C. Batista, L. Coelho, and A.M. Dias 51 A0119.0118 Residual Stress Assessment Using Optical Techniques, by João Ribeiro, Jaime Monteiro, M. A. P. Vaz, Hernâni Lopes, and Paulo Piloto 53 A0120.0093 Scaling of Glass/Epoxy Laminated Plates Subjected to Transverse Quasi-Static Loading, by Nuno F. Rilo, Luís M.S. Ferreira, and Rogério A.C.P. Leal 55 A0121.0125 Application of Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry for Residual Stresses Measurement, by Otomar Sedivý, and Stanislav Holý 57 A0122.0121 Shear Mode Resonance of Piezoelectric Ceramics, by M.A. Marques, V.B. Silva, J.A. Mendes, R. Silva, R. Ribeiro, and Mário A.P. Vaz 59 A0123.0119 An Improved Sherography Technique for Spatial Differentiation, by Hernâni Lopes, Rui M. Guedes, and Mário A.P. Vaz 61 A0124.0109 Application of Digital Shadow Moiré to Measurements of Human Body Perfilometry, by Perrin Smith Neto, Eric Fonseca, and Gabriela Freitas 63 A0125.0115 A Sub-Pixel Corner Detector Using the Hilbert Transform, by Paulo Tavares, and Mário A.P. Vaz 65 A0126.0122 Digital Holography Using a Photographic Camera, by Jaime Monteiro, Hernâni Lopes, and Mário A.P. Vaz 67 A0127.0116 Complex 3D Shape Measurement with Structured Light Field Projection, by Paulo Tavares, and Mário A.P. Vaz 69 A0128.0124 Behaviour of Embedded Bragg Grating Sensors, by J.L. Esteves, C.A. Ramos, and R. Oliveira 71 CHAP II STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION IN DESIGN 73 A0201.0066 Robust Design Strategy, by Marie-Maud Chatillon, and Louis Jézéquel 75 A0202.0204 Aeroelastic Optimisation of a Tapered Composite Wing Structure, by Shinjun Guo, and C.W. Cheung 77 A0203.0205 Bias-Specified Robust Design Optimization Using a Regressive Updating Approach, by Gunther Steenackers, and Patrick Guillaume 79 5th International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design Contents ix A0204.0215 Techniques Adopted in Integrating Structural Analysis with Numerical Optimization, by Marta Carvalho, José L. Vale, Luís T. Pinheiro, and Miguel M. Neves 81 A0205.0206 Examples of Multilevel Optimum Design of Composite Structures, by Alexander Polilov, and N.A. Tatous 83 A0206.0203 Design of a Multifunctional Panel for Railway Vehicles Using Topology Optimization of Structures, by Pedro Pinto, Arlindo Silva, and Paulo Fernandes 85 A0207.0201 Artificial Neural Network Applied to Detection of Burning in Grinding Process, by Marcelo Spadotto, Paulo Aguiar, Ricardo Prazeres, Carlos Souza, and Eduardo Bianchi 87 A0208.0208 A 3D Study for Thermal Optimization of Masonry Units, by Luisa C. Sousa, Catarina C. Castro, Carlos C. António, and Hipólito Sousa 89 A0209.0202 Study of Welding Temperature Distribution Using an Artificial Neural Net, by Francisco Ilo Cardozo, José Carlos Belo, Francisco Belo, and Theophilo Maciel 91 A0210.0209 Artificial Neural Networks and Metal Forming Optimization Using Genetic Algorithms, by Catarina C. Castro, Carlos C. António, and Luisa C. Sousa 93 A0211.0095 Multi-Objective Design in Nature and in the Artificial, by Amiram Moshaiov (Invited Keynote Paper) 95 A0212.0210 An Updating Conjugate Gradient Method for Design Optimisation, by Keith Davey 97 A0213.0211 Cross-Section of Composite Thin-Walled Beams Design Sensitivity Analysis, by João Barradas Cardoso, and Aníbal Valido (Invited Paper) 99 A0214.0213 Design Optimization of Mechanical Systems with Uncertain Input, by Artur Barreiros, Paulo P. Moita, and João Barradas Cardoso 101 A0215.0216 Uncertainty Analysis Based on Sensitivity, by Carlos Conceição António, and Luísa N. Hoffbauer 103 A0216.0214 Minimum Time Design and Control af Mechanical Systems, by Paulo P. Moita, Aníbal Valido, and João Barradas Cardoso 105 A0217.0033 Analysis of the Relationships Between Machine Settings, Process Parameters and Quality Characteristics in Injection Moulding, by Paulo Pinto, António Osório, and José Sá Costa 107 A0218.0042 Laser Ablation Modeling for CNC Machine Tool Application in Mould Manufacturing, by Giovanni Tani, Leonardo Orazi, Alessandro Fortunato, and Gabriele Cuccolini 109 A0219.0207 Artificial Neural Network Based on Genetic Learning for Machining of Composite Materials, by Carlos C. António, J. Paulo Davim, and Vítor Lapa 111 A0220.0044 Statistical Tolerance Transfer for Sheet Metal Part Forming, by Wang Rui, Georg Thimm, and Ma Yongsheng 113 CHAP III PRODUCT ENGINEERING & DEVELOPMENT IN DESIGN 115 A0301.0302 A Different Look at QFD Based on Axiomatic Design, by António G. Coelho, and António Mourão (Invited Keynote Paper) 117 A0302.0307 Innovative Methodologies for Quality Design, by Leonardo Frizziero 119 A0303.0306 The Engine of Creation Inspiration, Dematerialization and Recombination, by José Gaspar, Arlindo Silva, Elsa Henriques, and Hans Welling 121 A0304.0303 Smart Materials Application in Outdoors Advertising, by Jorge Neves, and Francisco M. Mesquita 123 Porto/Portugal, 24-26 July 2006 Editors: J.F. Silva Gomes & Shaker A. Meguid xvi A0821.0803 Damage Evolution in Engineering Composite Materials Under Stress and Environmental Attack: Modelling the Failure Processes, by Hideki Sekine, and Peter W.R. Beaumont 385 A0822.0813 Single Crystalline Oxide Fibres Obtained by the Internal Crystallisation Method, by A.A. Kolchin, Sergei T. Mileiko, V.M. Kiiko, V.N. Kurlov, A.L. Tolstun, and A.A Serebryakov 387 A0823.0814 Oxide Fibres for Smart Composites, by V.N. Kurlov, A.A. Kolchin, V.M. Kiiko, S.Z. Shmurak, S.A. Smirnova, and Sergei T. Mileiko 389 A0824.0815 Characterization of the Fatigue Behavior of Elastomer Composites, by Zoltan Major, Z. Kovacevic, M. Cosir, A. Mesec, and R.W. Lang 391 A0825.0809 Composite Materials Reinforced By Waste Fibers, by Maria Graça Gomes, Raúl Fangueiro, Gabriela Jubim, and C. Gonilho Pereira 393 A0826.0811 Development and Investigation of Aluminum Matrix Boron-Containing Composites, by Viktor N. Gulbin, Vladimir A. Popov, and Nina N. Stepareva 395 CHAP IX BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMATERIALS IN DESIGN 397 A0901.0911 Assessment of Femoral Hip Cement Mantle Strains Using Bragg Sensors, by A. Ramos, I. Abe, M.W. Schiller, P. Lopes, R. Nogueira, J.L. Pinto, and J. Simões 399 A0902.0901 Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Femoral Stem Migration, by R. Rodrigues, Paulo R. Fernandes, J. Folgado, and José A. Simões 401 A0903.0910 Finite Element Analysis of a Novel Distal Tibial Stem for Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty, by A. Completo, F. Fonseca, and J.A. Simões 403 A0904.0908 A Prototype System for Acquisition and Analysis of the 3D Mandibular Movement, by Isa Santos, João Tavares, Joaquim Mendes, and Manuel Paulo 405 A0905.0907 Effects of Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Composite Dental Restorative Material, by Amílcar Ramalho, P.V. Antunes, and M.D. Carvalho 407 A0906.0123 Stress Analysis in Removable Dentures by Holography, Photoelasticity and Extensometry, by J.C. Reis Campos, A. Correia, and Mário A.P. Vaz (Invited Paper) 409 A0907.0912 Measurement of Orthodontic Forces and Tooth Displacement Using Fibre Bragg Grating Sensors, by M. S. Milczeswki, J. C. C. Silva, J.A. Simões, A. S. Paterno, and H. J Kalinowski 411 A0908.0902 A Hierarchical Model for Bone Adaptation, by P.G. Coelho, Paulo R. Fernandes, J.B. Cardoso, J.M. Guedes e H.C. Rodrigues 413 A0909.0905 Numerical Assessment of Mechanical Properties of Cortical Bone Under Fast Rate Dynamic Loads, by Fernando Ferreira, Francisco M. Melo, Mário A. Vaz, and José A. Simões 415 A0910.0906 The Thaw Time of Frozen Cancellous Bone for Mechanical Testing, by Cláudia Nabais, Rui M. Guedes, and José A. Simões 417 A0911.0904 Mechanical Properties of Tendos/Ligaments Using the Neo-Hookean Material Model, by Pedro Martins, Renato N. Jorge, and António J. Ferreira 419 A0912.0903 Experimental Measurements of the Lumbar Spine Kinematics and Stiffness, by Lenka Jirková, Zdeněk Horák, Radek Sedláček, Petr Tichý, and Jiří Michalec 421 A0913.0909 Comparison of Thin-Shell and Thick-Wall Theories in Estimation of Aneurysm Rupture, by G.R. Zendehbudi 423 A0914.0010 Analysis of Floor Suitability to Overcome Deficient Accessibility, by Ludmila Corrêa e Silva, Manuela S. Garrido, and Franco G. Dedini 425 5th International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design Contents xvii CHAP X ENGINEERED & TECHNOLOGICAL MATERIALS IN DESIGN 427 A1001.0008 The Centrifugal Effect Over Mechanical Properties on Aluminium Castings, by George Chirita, I. Stefanescu, D. Cruz, D. Soares, and Filipe S. Silva 429 A1002.0804 Development of Continuous Belt Furnace for the Production of Metal Foams Components, by Isabel Duarte, Manuel Vide, António J. Ferreira, John Banhart, and Mário Santos 431 A1003.1004 Progressive Dynamic Collapse of Foam Filled Columns, by Mohammad S. Attia, and Shaker A. Meguid 433 A1004.0009 Selective Laser Melting of High Aspect Ratio 3D Nickel - Titanium Structures Two Way Trained for MEMs Applications, by Adam Clare, P.R. Chalker, S. Davies, C.J. Sutcliffe, and S. Tsopanos 435 A1005.0022 Effect of Some Technological Factors on Low Cycle Fatigue Strength of Titanium Alloys, by Henrikas Medekshas 437 A1006.0041 Microstructure Features of Failure and Mechanical Properties of Ultra Fine Grained Ti6Al-4V ELI Alloy at 300-4.2 K, by Elena Tabachnikova, Vladimir Bengus, Aleksey Podolskiy, Sergei Smirnov, Mikhail Bidylo, Kornel Csach, Josef Miskuf, Lilya Saitova, Irina P Semenova, and Ruslan Z. Valiev (Invited Paper) 439 A1007.0020 Study of Mechanical Properties of Ultrafine Grained HSLA and Ti-IF Steels, by Janusz Majta, Krzysztof Muszka, and Monika Stefanska-Kadziela 441 A1008.0012 Structural Evaluation of Direct Laser Sintered M3/2 HSS Powder, by Luís Esperto, Isabel Martins, Resina Domingues e Mário Santos 443 A1009.0030 Laser Surface Remelting and Post-Thermal Treatment of the Duplex Stainless Steels, by Alex Nascimento, Maria Clara Ierardi, Maria Aparecida Pinto, and Sérgio Tavares 445 A1010.1003 Measurement Methods of Strain Induced Martensitic Evolution in Austenitic Foils, by Jerzy Kaleta, and Bartłomiej Fassa 447 A1011.0035 Electrical Performance of Non-Conventional Electrode Materials, by António Rodrigues, José Dias Gomes, Luís Esperto, Isabel Godinho, Mário Santos, and Maria Martins 449 A1012.0069 In Situ Observation of Deformation Modes and Quantitative Assessment of Micro/Nano Mechanical Properties, by Lukas Rohr, and Johann Michler (Invited Paper) 451 A1013.0085 Microstructure Design Using Statistical Correlation Functions, by H. Garmestani 453 A1014.0051 Damage Nucleation and Lifetime Estimation: Microstructural Aspects, by Valeri Lepov and Valentin Alymov 455 A1015.0054 Modelling of Grain Growth in Nano-Polycrystalline Materials, by Tomasz Wejrzanowski, and Krzysztof J. Kurzydłowski 457 A1016.0079 Modelling and Simulation of Deformation Behaviour and Texture Evolution in HCP Materials: Design of Processing Paths for Titanium and Magnesium, by S. Ahzi, S. M’Guil, and H. Garmestani 459 A1017.0003 Fracture Resistance of Bi-Material Interfaces: A Hybrid Finite Element Approach, by Marco Alfano, Franco Furgiuele, Alessandro Leonardi, and Carmine Maletta 461 A1018.0038 Microstructure Evolution of AlSi Nano-Composite Under Shear Load, by Vesselin Stoilov 463 A1019.0083 GF/PP Towpregs Production, Testing and Processing, by J.F. Silva, J.P. Nunes, P. Vieira, and A.T. Marques 465 A1020.1001 The Effect of Binder Layer on the Magnetostriction of the Magnetostrictive Composite, by Yongping Wan, Zheng Zhong, and Jinhao Qiu 467 Porto/Portugal, 24-26 July 2006 Editors: J.F. Silva Gomes & Shaker A. Meguid xviii A1021.0082 Fracture Toughness of Space Shuttle Insulation Foam, by Atul S. Ganpatye, and Vikram K. Kinra (Invited Paper) 469 A1022.0040 Nanostructured Silica-Based Glass for Engineered Photonic Products, by Carlos Suzuki, Juliana Santos, Rodrigo Tomazi, Edmilton Gusken, and Eduardo Ono 471 A1023.0067 Mechanical Properties of Coating Particleboards and Composite Materials Obtained by Continuous Stiffness Measurement Indentation Technique, by Manuel Fonte 473 A1024.0004 Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of Ceria-Yttria Stabilized Zirconia, by Marco Alfano, Leonardo Pagnotta, Giovanni Stigliano, Giovanni Girolamo, and Caterina Blasi 475 A1025.0027 Mechanical Behaviour of Clay Structural Ceramics Containing Solid Wastes, by Regina Monteiro, M. Margarida Lima, and Sandra Alves 477 A1026.0031 A Critical Review of Soil Improvement by Impact Load, by Mansour Parvizi 479 A1027.0032 Soil Dynamic Stress Measurement: Earth Pressure Cell, by Mansour Parvizi 481 A1028.0025 A Comparative Study on Grab and Stripe Methods to Assess Fabric Breaking Strength, by R.A.L. Miguel, J.M. Lucas, M.L. Carvalho, M.J. Santos Silva, and A.M. Manich 483 A1029.0091 Engineering Design of the Thermal Properties in Smart and Adaptive Knitting Structures, by Maria José Geraldes, Lubos Hes, Mário de Araújo, Mário Nunes, and Nuno Belino 485 A1030.1005 Design Epoxy Resins Based Composites for Rapid Tooling Applications, by Pedro V. Vasconcelos, F. Jorge Lino, Rui J. Neto, and Ricardo Paiva 487 CHAP XI COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS IN DESIGN 489 A1101.0060 Generic Road Vehicle Model for Crashworthiness, by Jorge Ambrósio, Marta Carvalho, Nuno Ruben, Paulo Veríssimo, and Luís Sousa 491 A1102.0055 Some Progress on Computational Analysis of Drapes, by K.Y.Sze, and X.H.Liu (Invited Paper) 493 A1103.0098 Modelling the Interaction Effects of the High-Speed Train–Track–Bridge System Using ADINA, by Constança Rigueiro, Carlos Rebelo, and Luis Simões Silva 495 A1104.0001 Aircraft Structural Analysis with FEM Application, by Aomar Abdesselam 497 A1105.0021 Limit Equilibrium of Ground Loaded Masses. A General PC Program for the Factor of Safety by Rigid-Plastic Methods, by Júlio B. Martins 499 A1106.1103 Modelling Fatigue Crack Propagation in CT Specimen, by R. Branco, F.V. Antunes, R. Martins 501 A1107.0212 Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Thin-Walled Laminated Beams Accounting Warping, by Nuno Benedito, Aníbal Valido, and João Barradas Cardoso 503 A1108.0099 Analysis of Thin Cylindric Long Covers Subject to Circumferential Exterior Load by Transfer-Matrix Method, by Mihaela Suciu, Liviu Suciu, Gheorghe Panoiu, Gavril Balc, Mihai Tripa, Lucia Ghioltean, Daniela Paunescu, Anton Popa, Mircea Bejan, and Augustin Cretu 505 A1109.0100 Stress Analysis of Long Rectangle Plates Subject to a Trapezoidal Load Using Transfer-Matrix, by Mihaela Suciu, Liviu Suciu, Gheorghe Panoiu, Gavril Balc, Mihai Tripa, Lucia Ghioltean, Daniela Paunescu, Anton Popa, Mircea Bejan, and Augustin Cretu 507 A1110.0061 A Mixed Formulation Solution in The Stress Analysis of Curved Pipes with Tangent Terminantions Under In-Plane Forces, by Luisa Madureira, and Francisco M. Melo (Invited Paper) 509 5th International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design Contents xix A1111.0072 Numerical Studies of 2D and Plate Problems Using a New Meshless Method, by Jorge Belinha, and Lúcia M.J.S. Dinis 511 A1112.0002 Stress and Limit Angular Velocities in a Rotating Elastic-Plastic Annular Disk with Variable Thickness, by Nelli Alexandrova, and Paulo Vila Real 513 A1113.0034 Incremental Sheet Forming Process Modelling Limitation Analysis, by Meelis Pohlak, Jüri Majak, and Rein Küttner 515 A1114.0014 A Fast Algorithm for Modelling a Coupled Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Rotomoulding, by Anton Ianakiev 517 A1115.0056 End Forming Operations of Thin-Walled Tubes Using a Die: Expansion, Reduction and Inversion, by B.P.P. Gouveia, M.L. Alves , P.A.R. Rosa, and P.A.F. Martins 519 A1116.0077 A Thermal Integrated Model for EDM Based on the Joule Effect, by J. Marafona, and H.Branquinho 521 A1117.0013 Comparison Between Time-Independent FE-Simulation and Measurements for Two Types of Rubber, by Christian Feichter, Zoltan Major, and R. W. Lang 523 A1118.1101 Nonlinear Analysis of Service Stresses in Reinforced Concrete Sections Using Closed Form Solutions, by M.H.F.M Barros, and R.A.F. Martins (Invited Paper) 525 A1119.1104 A Parametric Study on the 2nd Order Behavior and Carrying Capacity of 3D Asymmetric Steel Frames, by M.T.B. César, Rui C. Barros 527 CHAP XII TEACHING MECHANICS & MATERIALS IN DESIGN 529 A1201.1210 Interdisciplinarity in Engineering Education, by José Couto Marques (Invited Keynote Paper) 531 A1202.1203 A Didactic Test Frame for Structural Mechanics, by José Couto Marques, Carlos Moreira da Silva, Raimundo Delgado, and Maria Teresa Restivo 533 A1203.1204 On Advancements in Engineering Education: A Canadian Perspective, by M.A. Elbestawi (Invited Paper) 535 A1204.0050 ICTs in Remote Assessment, by Maria Teresa Restivo, Maria Fátima Chouzal, Celina Pinto Leão, Filomena O. Soares, Lígia Teixeira, José Creissac Campos, and César Analide 537 A1205.1206 Remote Monitoring of Civil Engineering Structures – Ongoing and Future Contributions of LESE, by António Arêde, Aníbal Costa, Maria Teresa Restivo, Joaquim Mendes, Luís Noites, Paulo Martins, and António Costa 539 A1206.1201 A Novel Approach to Educational Engineering Projects, by A. Barbedo Magalhães (Invited Keynote Paper) 541 A1207.0049 E-Teaching Labs, by Maria Teresa Restivo, Maria Fátima Chouzal, Fernando Gomes Almeida, Joaquim Mendes, and António Mendes Lopes 543 A1208.0096 NTU’s Aerospace Degree Program: A Multitude of Highly Creative Ideas & New Concepts, by Shaker A. Meguid (Invited Paper) 545 A1209.0081 Software Tools to Support Teaching of Signal Processing and Filtering in a Course about Measurement Systems, by M. C. Gameiro da Silva 547 A1210.1207 Remote Thermography of a Heat Pipe Demo Bench, by António M. Cardoso, Joaquim Mendes, and José M. Martins Ferreira 549 A1211.1208 Remote and Virtual Laboratories for Engineering Education, by J.E. Villate (Invited Keynote Paper) 551 Porto/Portugal, 24-26 July 2006 Editors: J.F. Silva Gomes & Shaker A. Meguid xx A1212.1205 A Michelson Interferometer for a Virtual Laboratory, by D.D. Teixeira, F.J.L. Pereira, J.F.B. Carvalho, S.M.B. Leitão, R.A.G. Bencatel, J.E. Villate, Maria T. Restivo, M.F. Chouzal, and F.G. Almeida 553 A1213.0090 Machine Elements Demonstrator for the Practical Teaching of Machine Theory, by J.L. Muñoz Sanz, P. Lafont Morgado, P. Leal Wiña, J. Echávarri Otero, L. Valdivieso Blanco, J.M. Munoz-Guijosa, and H. Lorenzo 555 A1214.1209 E-Teaching Mechanical Material Characteristics, by Maria Teresa Restivo, Joaquim Mendes, António Mendes Lopes, Carlos Moreira da Silva, Ricardo Magalhães, and Maria de Fátima Chouzal 557 A1215.1202 Enhancement of Teaching About Measurement Systems in a Graduation Course of Mechanical Engineering, by M. C. Gameiro da Silva 559 Authors Index 561