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Ingeniería de Diseño Industrial y Desarrollo de Producto Proyecto desarrollado en el marco Europeo de movilidad Trabajo fin de grado EPS Project: Green Technology Autor/es Andrea Cuella Martin Emily Rebecca Burroughs Hermine Cooreman Victor Rodriguez Director/es Ignacio López Fornies Ole Schultz EUITIZ/ Ingeniørhøjskolen i København 2012 Tipo B Abstract Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Within contemporary society, armed with knowledge by the media and government, all of us have become more aware of the environmental problems that the consumption if resources causes. Subsequently, we have all become ‘eco-warriors’ of a perfect world where we have increasing respect for our planet and act accordingly. However we do not live a perfect world and these ideals have become increasingly neglected in favour of ignorance fuelled by confusion and a significant lack of motivation. IHK is already working to reduce its excessive consumption of resources such as water, electricity and gas. However, we strive to stride one step further. The main priority, other than reducing the waste of resources by using new technologies and techniques, is to effectively communicate with students, teachers and employees. Thus, they can be informed how to alter their personal behaviour, and subsequently their habits, in order to reach the global objective of a healthier planet. Although more efficient technology and engineering is necessary to reach this goal effectively, the alteration and improvement of user habit is the main objective. Thus, one of the main aims of the project is to Communicate with users in a way that motivates them to not only want to change, but to prolong their interest and therefore the succeed in reaching long-term levels of improvement in sustainability. Sustain interest in sustainable behaviour. Subsequently, in order to implement this form of education and alteration, we are developing an information system that online, with a web-page opened in any browser, that users can monitor the resource consumption (water and energy) and learn the most efficient ways to minimise usage and waste whilst in the university itself. Henceforth, allowing users to experience the same university environment and do the same activities in it, but using the minimum amount of resources necessary. Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultz EPS Project: Green Technology Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez p2 Summary CHAPTER 0 INTRODUCTION • Introduction • Team work presentation • Project Proposal • Objectives • Framework • Reach of the project CHAPTER 1 FIRST APROACH • Introduction • Overview Research • Problem Definition CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY/STRUCTURE OF THE PROECT • Metodology and Structure • Work Breakdown Structure • Responsability Matrix CHAPTER 3 BACKGROUND AND RESEARCH • Introduction • Design for sustainable behaviour • Specific Research >> Environment >> Technologies for the website >> Users • Conclusion: Mind Map 04 04 05 06 07 07 09 11 11 11 12 14 14 15 17 18 18 18 19 56 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe SchultzIngeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultz Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz 19 37 38 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Summary CHAPTER 4 THE WEBPAGE • Introduction • Naming • The webpage development.. >> Sketches >> Alternatives >> Selection and evolution >> Review >> Creating the webpage >> Users test >> Final development >> Contents >> Measurements points • Technical items • The result: THE WEBPAGE CHAPTER 5 THE INITIATIVE DESIGN • Introduction • The posters design • Stand alone display design • Conclusion- Result CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS CHAPTER 7 REFERENCES CHAPTER 8 APPENDIX 59 59 59 62 63 64 67 74 7 6 9 100 103 110 111 111 112 115 122 123 126 131 p3 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Introduction • Introduction Before going through to the main part of the project, we are going to introduce some parts such as team work, the university and some other interesting information • Team Work Presentation In order to be an effective team we have to establish the basis and the rules for our group work this semester. Co-operation is one of the most important things that real team work requires. To be more efficient we should know our strengths and weaknesses. In this way we know the role each member should play. Communication is one of the main points in a team, throughout our project we are going to share our knowledge, our inquiries, as well as the work folders. That’s why we created a shared Google Docs folder to put all our research and documents. Everyone perceives team work differently so it’s important to discuss our views of the project and try to find a common attitude for the team respecting our respective opinions. Thereby, knowing that the results of group work depends to a great extend on how the team develops and collaborates we find it necessary to explain the bases of our team work: The group obtains the best result if each team member is given a specific role ( leader, secretary..etc..) Decisions should be unanimous and accepted by all. Minority or majority decisions should not be allowed. It´s better to accept compromises than to discuss disagreements. CHAPTER 0 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp4 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez • Team Work Presentation Our team is well balanced because our training covers all areas: Hermine: Web designer and developer. specialization in user interfaces, web application development, mobile applications and programming. Victor: Software designer and implementer. Specialization in Software management. Andrea: User oriented designer and graphic designer , specialization in, Interfaces design, Ergonomics,Product Management, Bionics, Creativity and Photography Emily: Product designer, engineer and researcher. Specialising in user sociology and design and engineering history, methodology, management and material science. Hermine and Victor provide the team with a more technical vision while Andrea and Emily provide the team with a more creative and user focused perspective. The task of each member of the group: The group should always work together, especially in the first phase and second phase in order to find the problem to be solved and different creative ways to solve it. However, in the development phase all of us are going to do a specific task according to our skills: Hermine and Victor are going to focus on the web programming part and contents. Emily and Andrea are going focus on the user interface design . >> At this point we should work together as a team to make decisions because some of the design decisions can collide with the web programming . CHAPTER 0CHAPTER Introduction p5 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez • Team Work Presentation As user oriented designers, they should make an effort in communicating. Subsequently, they´ll design a display to present the service/product in the university, and create some promotion for it. • Project proposal The irresponsible consumption of resources is a big problem. Burning fossil fuels to obtain electricity causes pollution problems. It can cause the habitat of animals and plants to become uninhabitable, also for humans. Our population is continually growing and water is becoming sparse. We have to start using it in a more sustainable way because we need water to survive. The Earth doesn’t belong to us, it’s just where we live. We have to start taking care of it because we don’t have any other place to live. IHK wants to reduce its energy and water consumption. Our main goal is to find out how the building of IHK is designed, focusing on lighting, heating, ventilation and water installations and from that, research about how we can improve the efficiency in two ways. On the one hand, we want to know if there are possible structural changes that can reduce consumption without losing benefits, and on the other hand, and most importantly, we want to modify the users’ behavior to make them interested in reducing the waste of resources. PROGRAMMING/CONTENTS WEBSITE PRESENTATION COOPERATION DESIGN C O M M U N I C A T I O N CHAPTER 0 Introduction p6 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez • Objectives The MAIN OBECTIVE is to monitor the resources consumption in a building, in our case we will apply it in IHK, in order to decrease the consumption of resources. To reach this objective we have to accomplish two SECONDARY OBECTIVES >> Modify people’s behaviour in order to make them more efficient in resources consump tion. Also we need to keep the interested and motivated along the time. >> Inform about the consumption of the building and show some tips to reduce it. • Framework For choosing the framework where our application will run, we discussed about three possibilities that allow us to create something useful and innovative: A physical device, a web application or just an application. Now, let’s see the differences between them and how the different frameworks will affect our final product. Physical device: This possibility is useful because it’s going to be designed only for this purpose, so for sure it will be optimized for it. For people who is not used to computers or just don’t have, it’s very useful. Although it could be nice to design something optimized for our application, having a device that only works for a specific purpose is not so useful, having a device that only works for a specific purpose is not so useful and also, it will cause costs to increase, so final product will be more expensi- ve. Furthermore, the energy used to produce the device it’s greater than if we develop some kind of application. Application: This possibility is also interesting, because nowadays almost everybody has a computer, so many people will be able to use it. Maybe the costs of creation are higher, CHAPTER 0 Introduction p7 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez • Framework Application: but once developed, the only extra-cost will be the maintenance and up to date the application. So finally, it may be cheaper than creating some kind of hardware. On the other hand, nowadays the tendency is to use applications on the “cloud”, so applications are just executed online because of the possibility of executing your apps independently from hardware. Web application: This is similar to the application, but if we can execute our application on the Internet, we only need a web browser, no more. It does not occupy memory on your PC and the data processing is being done, not on our computer, but in the server. Also, it allows us, to have a device, if we want, dedicated to our application. Just imagine a tablet PC with a web browser and the application running, here we have our device with no extra costs. Finally, we decided to choose the web application, because it’s the simplest and also the most portable option. Also, because nowadays the tendency is to use applications online instead of installing it on your computer. Devices and mobile phones are also growing up as common devices, and it’s storage capacity is limited, so we don’t have to restrict the use of this application for users, we have to be adapted to new times and tendencies. • Reach of the project Competitive feature online to keep people interested in using it. CONCEPT In order to gain the interest of users and inspire them to continually use the website and increase their energy efficiency a feature that allows them to ‘compete’ with other users either within the same household or in another comparable location would be beneficial. It would compare the related energy consumption data and create a comparison that will fulfil the human desire to compete. CHAPTER 0 Introduction p8 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Metodology / structure of the project • Metodology and structure CHAPTER 2 >> PHASE 3: Solution development -Wire frame development -Designing the website -Contents -User testings >> PHASE 4: Final development -Website final development -Display design -Posters design -Presentation >> For more detail : Gannt Chart -Apendix p131-p02 • Work Breackdown Structure Note: Both in the WBS and in the OBS we have made some changes due to events arising during the project development. Comparing with the schemes already delivered in the interim report you can see the differences. Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp15 >> Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Metodology / structure of the project • Responsibility Matrix S: Supporting R: Responsible CHAPTER 2 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp17 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Background and research •Introduction Once we know which are the topics we have to investigate, we did it and afterwards we tried to obtain some conclusions that help us to decide a solution. This part is quite influent, because depending the point of view we use, the result could be extremely different. Now, it’s when we have to understand how to obtain the best solution but always justifying the reason of it. After this chapter, all information will be summarised and organized in a mindmap that will help us to clarify all the ideas. • Design For Sustainable Behaviour An ever-present issue within the majority of developed societies worldwide, there are many arguments, not only for and against the concepts of ‘global warming’ and ‘the greenhouse effect’, but also for the most effective methods of decreasing our negative impact on the environment of the planet on which we exist. Subsequently, there is an increasingly wide variety of programs, incentives, research projects and media focused on reducing our energy consumption and using more sustainable resources to reduce our negative impact on the environment. However, every concept for reducing our increasingly negative influence on the planet is accompanied by one or more arguments as to how it will fail and why individuals and societies will not respond effectively and positively. These arguments range from the selfish, lazy and greedy nature of humans that are heavily documented within hundreds of years of psychological and sociological studies and the inability for pure knowledge and information having an impact strong enough to influence the waste and usage that is responsible for these issues. The majority of products and projects in recent history have been built around the concept of green technology’, sustainable products’ or sustainable design and engineering’. Perhaps we should now be more focused on design for sustainable behaviour? One of the main problems with designing more energy efficient and sustainable sourced products is that the effect is temporary, i.e. it only lasts until the inevitable decline in popularity or planned obsolescence comes into effect or when the original target market are no longer the primary consumers in this area. However, designing something that aims to, and succeeds in, altering the way people behave and fostering more energy efficient and less wasteful habits in the way they interact with their environments on a day-to-day basis we are promoting concepts and consumer and behavioural habits that will be passed down through generations and will continue to improve our impact on the planet over longer periods of time. The only way to CHAPTER 3 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp18 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez • Design For Sustainable Behaviour continue to improve our impact on the planet over longer periods of time. The only way to guarantee an improvement is to guarantee continuously ‘greener’ behaviour. Many respected sociologists(ref) have conclusively researched the way we are socialised and it is accepted that imitation of our close family and peers is responsible for many elements of our own habits. Therefore, we must design to encourage the implementation of changes in behaviour in order to maximise change in energy consumption and sustainable living. •Specific Research From the overview research, we narrow the project so now its necessary to do some specific research in order to answer to the new problems encountered. The research is focused on factors that influence the users and on the parameters that we want to address. • THE ENVIRONMENT 1• How’s our environment? Continent: Europe (Scandinavia) Country: Denmark City: Copenhagen (Ballerup) CHAPTER 3 Figure 1: World Map Figure 2: View of Denmark Figure 3: View of Copenhagen and Ballerup Background and research Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp19 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 1• How’s our environment? Primary Purpose: University Type of building: Large, on campus. Number of users: Approximately 2000 students, plus academic staff. •Denmark: Made warmer mostly by the surrounding seas and western winds the Danish climate is temperate and Denmark’s weather is relatively mild. Although very apparent, the winters in this country are not subject to extreme cold and the summers are not especially hot but remain mild. Unlike some countries, Denmark does not suffer significant fluctuation from day and night temperatures. It is, however, subject to gusty winds which are prone to quick directional changes and cause temperatures ad weather conditions to alternate at any point during a day. The coldest and warmest mean temperatures that Danes experience are in February and July and are 0 degrees celcius and 17 degrees celcius. Rainfall in Denmark is apparent year-round, thus, there are no defined ‘dry’ periods. Average, annual Danish rainfall is 61cm of precipitation. Typically for Scandinavia, due to its location in Northern Europe, the length of time with sunlight each day varies significantly in Denmark. During the winter days can be as short as just over seven hours, yet in the summer this period of daylight can be as long as over eighteen hours. CHAPTER 3 Figure 4: IHK view Figure 5: Temperature in Denmark Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp20 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 1• How’s our environment? •Copenhagen: Copenhagen is the capital city of Denmark and is made of a series of islands, as is Denmark as a whole. The city itself is bordering on a humid continental climate in the oceanic climate zone. Throughout all four seasons Copenhagen experiences unpredictable and unstable weather change and patterns. The cause of this is the location of the city which is in the path of Atlantic low-pressure systems. Copenhagen is also subject to the warmth of the Atlantic gulf-stream, moving warm water from the Gulf Coast area towards Europe. Additionally, low pressure-systems follow with the oceanic stream. Subsequently, it experiences temperatures, on average, five degrees celcius higher than the average temperatures for its latitude of fifty-five degrees north. With a relatively small peak from June to August, precipitation throughout the year in Copenhagen is moderate. Not lasting long, snowfall occurs mainly between december and march. Importantly, when considering energy consumption, average temperatures for this period of time are around freezing. With an average of 170 rainy days a year, Copenhagen is subject to frequent precipitation. However, the greatest come between September and November. Winter weather in Copenhagen can be difficult to predict due to the variation caused by route which the Atlantic low pressure centre takes. A stable high-pressure around the Alps means that the low-pressure moving up through Scandinavia causes above freezing temperature day and night. However, when a stable high-pressure system sits over Denmark or some neighbouring countries such as Finland and Russia, milder Atlantic winds are blocked and polar winds are free to cover the area and temperature can regularly drop below freezing both day and night (rarely below -5 degrees celcius during the day, but down to -12 degrees celcius at night). CHAPTER 3 Figure 6: Climate data for Copenhagen (1961-1990) Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp21 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 1• How’s our environment? Although comparable to continental Europe, spring in Copenhagen often arrives around one week later than on the continent due to the cold of the surrounding waters. However, due to the same characteristic of the islands, but reversed, the city is kept milder for longer on Autumn. With mixture of southwestern mild, windy and rainy low-pressure systems, summers in Copenhagen are also subjects to periods of stable high-pressure. These types of weather systems boast, usually, sunny and reasonably warm weather. However, these milder periods last up to only ten days and can appear anytime between late April and mid September. •Ballerup: Ballerup is a town within the Copenhagen area and is therefore subject to almost identical weather to the city itself. As with the rest of Denmark the coldest month in Ballerup in February and the warmest is July. These are the relevant statistics for these months: CHAPTER 3 Figure 7: Climate data for Ballerup (February and July) Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp22 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 1• How’s our environment? •Conclusion Considering the average high and low temperatures and the precipitation, wind-speeds etc it is fair to conclude that Denmark as a country, and the Ballerup area of Copenhagen, is subject to less extreme weather conditions than many countries. It has mild, but not excessively hot, summers and typical Scandinavian winters that, although rarely above freezing point, are not subject to extreme lows in temperature. However, due to the surrounding waters and variation between low and high pressure streams from the Gulf Coat and the Arctic, the weather types can fluctuate quickly and significantly in any season. How will weather influence our product? In order to maximise the potential for energy efficiency and waste reduction of the interface we must ensure that we take into consideration the influence of the local climate on the energy usage of the university building. By tailoring advice, incentives and changes in behaviour to the climate that the building is subject to, it will be more realistic and plausible, and possibly easier to implement. Subsequently, the chance of success of the product will be significantly increased and research shows that one of the main problems with ‘green’ suggestions for behaviour and consumer habits is that they are often unrealistic and are subject to circumstantial influence and therefore are often ignored or fail to show any benefit to the user or the environment. CHAPTER 3 Figure 8: Temperature change in Ballerup Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp23 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 2 • University- Technical research In any existing building, whether it is a homes, office or university, you need to consume resources to provide its users with electricity, water, and heating. The consumption of these resources should be done responsibly and efficiently, as they are limited and some of them pollute our planet, making it uninhabitable and altering the habitat of hundreds of species of animals and plants. It is our responsibility to use these resources efficiently with small gestures that can lead to great results. Broadly we can classify the resources into 2 groups, energy resources (electricity and heating) and water. Energy resources are used for lighting, heating, water heating and other electrical devices (fridge, oven, computers, washing machine...). A large amount of this electricity is generated from burning fossil fuels that release a large amount of harmful gases into the atmosphere, but increasingly attempts to change it for the so-called “renewable energy”, attempting to exploit natural resources to obtain energy in a sustainable way. Water is an indispensable resource for life, so our view is of highest priority to minimize their waste. This study will try to find out the main sources of resource consumption in a building, concretely IHK, and how users can behave to reduce the waste of it. It is worth that technological advances are very useful in helping us to reduce our consumption, but is much more useful to try to accustom people to behave efficiently and responsibly. That’s why we’ll develop an information system to monitor and control the resources consumption, but majorly is focused on teach people how to behave. CHAPTER 3 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp24 Background and research Figure 9: Scheme of the technical research metodology Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 2 • University- Technical research • Ventilation In order to guarantee the quality of the air we need to exchange the air of a closed habitat. The circulation of air inside a system is called transfer air. we are going to list some reasons to understand why it’s important to take care about ventilation in any building: - Save energy - Lower heating bills - Less noise from outside - Hygiene - Riddance of dust - Reduce odours - Minimization of carbon oxide - Demanded by Danish Building Regulation The ventilation could be done by two different techiques: Natural ventilation and Mechanical ventilation. Let’s see the characteristics of the systems and how we can combine them in order to maximize the efficiency of any ventilation system. Natural ventilation: This type of ventilation don’t use any kind of machine but difference of pressure and temperature. This means that warm air, wich is lighter than cold, could be moved by taking profit of “stack effect” just by opening a window or a door. The biggest problem of this method is that the quality of the air inside the building can’t be controlled. I’ts a cheap alternative, because this method is not using energy, but temperature, humidity and other factors could’nt be controlled. Mechanical ventilation: This is the most common technique used in big buildings, such as IHK. This method use some machines in order to exchange the closed air with fresh air and also control the wetnes of the air, temperature... Nowadays, new technologies make us able to adapt this machines to the type of room or time in order to save energy. In contrast with natural ventilation, this method use energy, but we can control all parameters we want. CHAPTER 3 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp31 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 2 • University- Technical research • Ventilation Hybrid ventilation: This technique is the most efficient one, because it uses the difference of pressure to exchange the air but also some faciliteies that allow us to control different paramaters such as wetness, temperature or filtering. Also, this system could take profit from the energy spent on heating, because this ventilating system* is able to extract energy from the environment to heat up the clean air. Air handler units (AHU) It’s a facility to process closed air in buildings, but this appliances just can heat the fresh air in order to help the heating. Air handler unit tools: Fan It’s the mechanical element that generates the air flow with the fresh air. It should provide some pressure to the conducts in order to the air reaches all the part of the conducts after going through the filters. Filters: It’s the part that clean the air, it means that the dust will keep there in order to increase the quality of the air. there are different types of filters, depending on its density and material. It’s not the same the air quality that we need for an hospital, for a office or for a home, so different filters are available to use. Also it’s possible to use some filters in order to kill microbiotics and to reduce odours. Heating and cooling: Normally, the system that AHU uses is a coil where water (hot or cold, depending if we want to cool or warm) flows and heat or cool the air flow that generates the fan. Nowadays, in order to improve the energetic efficiency nowadays the water is heated in heat pumps or in solar thermal plates. Conducts: Is the element that guides the air through the building, it’s recomended to build it the CHAPTER 3 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp32 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 2 • University- Technical research • Ventilation more straight it’s possible, because the more curves, the less efficiency. That’s because if if there are a lot of curves, the engine that generates the air flow has to increase the pressure. >> Conclusion The best option in our opinion, it’s the hybrid ventilation system using an air handler system, wich is the one that IHK has implemented, because it can help with the heating and it’s sure that the ventilation will be done correctly. Also, the efficiency is quite higher than others, because environmental energy is used. So, nowadays university is highly efficient in using energy for ventilation. • Water It’s important to know how this resource is used in order to design an efficient plan for saving it. We can organize the consumption in three categories: Residual consumption: It’s the consumption for different aplications but it’s not recoverd on the sewage. For example, the water used on the cooling systems, the water used for water the gardens, the water used to make ice cubes... Useful consumption: This kind of consumption is when once used, is recovered on the sewage and treated in order to reuse it for othera pplications. The water we use to clean, in taps, toilettes... Losses: Is water that is not used for any service and is not recovered in the sewage. Leaks on pipes, deposits, valves, the CHAPTER 3 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp33 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 2 • University- Technical research • Water It’s important to identify the type of use for all devices or places where water is used in order to make a precise description of the usage of this resource. Some importants points that we have to describe are: 1. Main purpose of the usage: If it’s used for toilets, cooking, labs, workshops, cooling systems... 2. Category of use: residual consumption, useful consumption or losses 3. Frequency of use: The schedule when the system is using water. For example, in IHK the normal consumption of toilettes are from 8:00 untill 16:00. 4. Ocassional consumptions: These are little or big consumption wich are caused occassio naly and can supose peaks of consumption somewhere in the time. >> Consumption tests In order to know the impact of the measures taken, we have to measure the consumption before applying it and after. In order to do it we have to revise and adequate the measuring systems of the building [ the measuring system in a building is the set of meters, accessories and activities to obtain, process, analyse and disseminate data on volumes of water consumed or used ] - Identify the volume of water provided to the building - Identify the amount of water consumed wether in ordinary or extraordinary schedule - Identify the amount of storaged water such as tanks, boilers, cooling systems... - Also, we have some standard consumption for most of common uses. >> CHAPTER 3 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp34 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 2 • University- Technical research • Water >> Consumption tests Figure 13: Water Consumption >> Saving measures Normally, when we think about saving water, into our mind comes ideas such as different devices for reduce the flow of water, the waste of it, and of course it exist, but also to adapt our behaviour is important to reduce it. Figure 14: Water saving measures CHAPTER 3 To check periodically pipes, devices and measurement devices. To install in taps and pipes a flow volume regulator Replace devices for others more efficient. Evaluation of water consumption Promote the behaviour adaptation to be more efficient. Implant recycling systems. To repair leaks on the system. Identify alternative water sources. Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp35 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 2 • University- Technical research • Water Detecting leaks In order to avoid losses by leaks, it could be interesting to have a periodic revision of all the installations which provide water in the building. Also users should inform if some pipe, tap or toilette have any problem. Recycling systems This systems are used to collect water wich has been used but it has the minimum quality for being used for another aplication. This systems also includes treated water even if it’s not potable. Alternative sources of water If some uses, such as toilets or heating and cooling systems, doesn’t need portable water, we can take some water from the rain or lakes. Behaviour changes Report leaks, if exist in taps, toilets... Use the minimum amount of water that is necessary for every case Don’t let taps or valves opened for a long time Not throw cigarettes or bin inside the toilets Be sure about what we throw by the toilet, it could be harmful for nature. >> Conclusion The main goal is to incorporate saving measures that fit the building using the active participation of users. During the last years, there was a lot of new techniques which appeared because of the studies along the years and the experience. Our objective is to impact on the collective wich use the building and to find solutions wich offers us benefits. In these benefits, we can include the life quality that we can reach if our environment is healthy and clean because of the less pollution. CHAPTER 3 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp36 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • THE ENVIRONMENT 2 • University- Technical research Technical changes that we apply, always have to be joined with changes in usage of water and the behaviour that we have when using it. This mean to take efficient habits that help us to reduce our consumption and also helps to reduce the contamination of water. But not only teach people how to act is necessary but also help users to communicate between them in order to share experiences and make a collective behaviour. • TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE WEBSITE The website will be running on an Apache server. During the development process, we’ll use programs as LAMP (on Windows) or MAMP (on Mac) to run a virtual server on our own computers. Once the website is finished, we’ll deploy it to an Apache server that’s accessible everywhere over the Internet. The resources consumption data is available to us in Excel documents and via goenergi.dk. This data will be put in a MySQL database. There are several tools available to convert the Excel Documents to MySQL databases. We will use PHP to access this database and to program the website, which will be in HTML and CSS with some jQuery (a JavaScript library) to make sure the users will have the best experience possible. •Energy use in the university The energy use in the university is measured at different locations. This data is accessible via the website goenergi.dk. It can be accessed by using javascripts. There is data available for the total energy consumption (id=3525, niveau=1), data for the foundation class and production light in rooms A, B and E (id=5026, id=3), data for the civil engineering department and machine department in rooms N, P, Q, R and S (id=5024, niveau=3) and data for the center for IT and Electronics and Sustainable Energy in rooms H, K, M, T, U, V and X (id=5027, niveau=3). There is an excel document with the total energy consumption by month and by year from 1998 to 2011 (EL Forbrug 1998-2012.xls). There is also an excel document with the heating consumption by month and by year from 2001 to 2011 (Varmeforbrug 2001-2011.xls). CHAPTER 3 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp37 Background and research Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE WEBSITE •Energy use in the university The heating system is a Honeywell EBI R410.2 system which can be controlled over the internet. It controls heat in the radiators and the ventilation. There are temperature sensors in different locations to control this system. The system also controls the blinds in the canteen area, and it can open windows automatically when it’s 20°C outside. • Water use in the university The water usage of the university is measured in one central unit. This data is available in an excel spreadsheet, where the yearly consumption is shown. Data available for 2002 - 2011 (Vandforbrug 2002-2012.xls). There is no real-time data available, this might be a challenge to us. • USERS • Psychological Studies and Theory: Marketing is one of the main priorities that should be addressed when designing and producing any product whether it is a service and physical object or web-based. Thus, consumer behaviour is one of the younger, yet heavily explored, disciplines within contemporary psychological study. Psychological Contributions to Consumer Behaviour Learning—Two important learning theo-ries are classical conditioning (Pavlov) and instrumental conditioning (Skinner). Classical conditioning focuses on contiguity (association) and repetition. Through significant trials and testing Pavlov encouraged a dog to link food (meat) with the sounds of a bell. Henceforth, eventually upon hearing the ringing of the bell the dog would involuntarily salivate without the presence of food. Advertising encourages an association between a soft drink and having a good time. In order to do this they demonstrate a group CHAPTER 3 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Background and research p38 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS of people having fun whilst drinking the promoted product. In an instance where a company wishes to make you believe that a new tissue product is soft its advertisements might show the tissues with clouds, cotton, babies etc. Thus, if you associate a product with a positive aspect of it or experience then it will encourage a feeling a want when the user is faced with the product in a real life situation. Subsequently, in order to interest users we must encourage them to associate our interface with something appealing. We must link energy efficiency to some feeling of social well-being or the opportunity to save money and spend it on something pleasant. Instrumental conditioning focuses on reinforcement. In order for an action or type of behaviour to be repeated it must be rewarded. This is demonstrated in animal training; when a seal catches a ball it is given a fish, it will the do it again assuming it will receive a fish. One of the best reinforcing aspects is a good quality, working product. However, sometimes more reinforcement is required as the positive impact of a product (particularly in our project) may not be immediately obvious or directly affect the user. This can be in the form of financial reward. Obviously it would be impossible to just give away money to users, however by addressing the needs of our target market we would encourage repeated use by offering discounts or similar incentives based around services and products used regularly by students. Alternatively, the problem with always rewarding a behavior is that you get used to the reward. However, in this situation where repeated usage is essential for the success of the product and it’s desired function the incentives may be necessary. Although, they could be reduced over time as the user forms a habit of using the product. Image: Product image is an essential aspect for consideration in the development of a product. Brand image is very often the most influential factor, however in our case there is no brand and it the way that the product affects the user’s self-image that is more relevant in promoting the product. People have a self-image. You may see yourself as being very smart and it may not be true. IQ tests attempt to measure the real self; self-image is the way you see yourself. People tend to buy products that fit their selfimage. If you think of yourself as a sexy woman, what brand of perfume will you wear? If you see yourself as a sexy, flashy, kind of guy, what kind of car will you drive? If, on the other hand, you see yourself as thrifty, simple, and frugal, what kind of car do you drive? Selfimage CHAPTER 3 Background and research p39 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS • User Incentive and Motivation: Considering existing products (a wide range of both successful and failed examples) it is clear that one of the key issues regarding a product that has its main aim as a reduction of energy waste and an increased efficiency within a given environment through extensive user usage is the factors that make the project appeal to users and promote repetitive use. We have drawn a selection of conclusions relating to this issue. This is one of the main areas of development and is ongoing throughout the design and concept development process. •Advertising generally works to reinforce consumer trends rather than to initiate them.’- Michael Schudson. •The main conclusion from initial research is that no product of this type (ie. a website or user based interface) can gain popularity without incentives to motivate consumers to use the product. •Furthermore, even if the user is initially drawn to the product, continued usage is increased by the utilisation of continuing incentives that benefit the user. •Users are most likely to respond to financial incentive as humans are motivated by gain and consumption. •Although the social conscious of the majority of society will initially encourage them to res pond to motivation based on feelings of guilt and wanting to change that are provoked by information on the deterioration of our planet, Boredom and a lac of interest will eventual lead them to forget about the product and use will not continue. • Consumers are also often motivated by competitive incentives and people enjoy winning’ and proving that they can be ‘better’ than others. Comparison is a powerful marketing tool. CHAPTER 3 Background and research p40 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS • Questionnaire >> The questions and their answers • 1. What do you know about the current waste of resources (water and energy) and the consequences of that? Respondents are aware that we are wasting a lot of natural resources and that these ones are limited. They know that we need to avoid this waste and find good solutions because the problems will come soon, sooner than we expect, the climate change is only a notice. So users should conscientious of what they consume and the consequences of this consumption.Some of the respondents know a lot about the problem, but others only know a little bit. They’re all aware of it. • 2. Are you interested in this problem? Almost the respondents are interested in this subject or in this problem , however one of them tells us : “Yes, but I think we heard a lot of things about this problem and few solutions are implemented. Besides from my point of view I find it completely stupid to ask people don´t take the car while in the other hand a refinery is rejecting in the atmosphere the equivalent of the annual consumption of France and Germany.” We think that they are many people that think like this and this is a hard point to treat and a hard negative barrier for us. We have to take in account this point of view. A minority isn’t interested in the problem because they think it’s not happening around them. • 3. Are you doing something to decrease this waste of resources? If so, what are you doing? If not, why not? Most people are making some gestures to decrease this waste, for example: -Turn off the light when I leave a room, -Turn off the heater if I open a windows. -Try to control the water use when cleaning the dishes, having a shower, brushing my teeth… -Recycle and separate trashes. -Plug off laptop and phone loaders CHAPTER 3 p47 Background and research Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS • Questionnaire >> The cuestions and their answers -Take public transports (bus, train, metro) or bike. -Try to insulate the house as much as possible... They are various small things that users used to do currently. But one of the respondents recognize that : “[..] Sometimes I forget to recycle bottles or I take my car for a short distance maybe because I think that industrial enterprises have more environment impact than me.” A small amount of people aren’t doing anything: - it’s easier to do nothing - they don’t think about it they think small changes won´t make a difference - only big consumers like companies can make a real difference. Without them changing their ways we’ll never solve this problem. • 4. Are you willing to change your behavior if it helps to save resources? Even if you have to give up some of your comfort? Almost all the respondents are willing to change their behavior even if this is quite annoying if we are talking about comfort. For some it depends on what comfort they’ll be giving up. We highlight the answers of two of the respondents that they say: “I think it’s something that you can’t change one day to the other.” “Yes, if I can reduce my payment, I would give up some of my comfort.” CHAPTER 3 p48 Background and research Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS • Questionnaire >> The questions and their answers • 5. Do you think you can change your behavior in relation to resources consumption? Do you think using a webpage informing you of the energy use at the university is a good idea? Do you have any suggestions? In general they think that the webpage can be a good idea because it´s easy to access , principally if the solutions or tips must be easy to implement and really efficient. With some easy understanding pictures and color. The website can be a good reminder to be energy efficient, because a lot of the times they just forget. A very useful thing that one of the respondents tells us and that we obviously have to take in account is: “Using a webpage its a good idea, but I also think that people must know the consequences of not being worried about the waste of energy. Showing them how this impact invidually could be a solution ( e.g. increase the prices of the main products as water, electricity etc) and also comparing it with the people that barely can use this energy” Another goods suggestions: “If you can inform people how much is being wasted and identify concrete ways that people can change their behaviour to reduce the waste and measure the impact of the behaviour (e.g. if everyone used no more than one paper towel every time they dried their hands, this would slow the rate of carbon emissions by xxx), this would be helpful. Otherwise if it is a university-wide initiative the website could encourage people to, for example, cycle to work for a week to save xxx amount of carbon emissions” “The website can show you the results of the changes you’re implementing, like how much you’ll save.” “The website can provide information but in the end there can be a game or a challenge to make it more memorable and fun.” CHAPTER 3 p49 Background and research Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS • Questionnaire >> The questions and their answers • 6. Would you be interested in participating in a sustainability project in your university? All the people are in for participating in this sustainable project so the predisposition is fine! (Some suggest it shouldn’t take too much time because they’re busy a lot of the time.) • 7. Do you have an idea on how we can save resources at the university? The most relevant ideas were: - Change the automatic doors and put manuals. - Turn off computers when the day is over. Same with the lights. - Change the toilet switches with sprinkler system switches - Change manual taps for time controlled taps. - Change paper for air dryers in the bathrooms. - Recycling bins - Automatic lights • Users Profile In order to know our potential users we´re going to study their profiles in a general way : their needs against the product, their influences from a technological point of view and their concerns. In the same way and with the help of the questionnaire we´ll can know our users and make a website aimed at them. Achieving this we will be closer to getting one of our main objectives: “ Modify people’s behaviour in order to make them more efficient in resources consumption.” CHAPTER 3 p50 Background and research Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS • Users Profile The environment in which we work is the IHK (Copenhagen University College of Engineering ), so all our users have one thing in common. However we must make some distinctions that´s why we have divided our targets according to their expectations about the website and their function in the university: >> Teachers and administration stuff >> Students (Danish and Internationals) >> Maintenance-employee (we have to distinguish this user because he will handle the we bsite from a technical point of view, providing the information necessary to the website, about the building, in order to we can provide the best solutions to the other users). > 1. TEACHERSPROFESSIONALS CHAPTER 3 p51 Background and research Profile: International professors (engineering field ) Age: 30 – 65 years old Marital status: married with family Residence: Copenhagen ( Denmark) Languages: Danish / English In general this users are more aware of the environmental problems. They are easier to deal. Needs: - A WEBSITE that can be used as an educational tool - Learn how to reduce the energy waste - Easy interface and intuitive Influences : In the following influence map we capture all the interfaces and websites that can be familiar for this target. Influence MAP Explanation: This target usually consult web newspapers, he use a Windows or a MAC interface and principally Microsoft office tools like Power Point or Excel . This users can use specific programs like Solid Works , obviously they use CampusNet to upload documents and to communicate to their students , they also use hotmail or Google mail . Finally as Danish citizens they may be familiar with the DSB automatic ticket interface . Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS • Users Profile CHAPTER 3 Influence MAP TEACHERS p52 Background and research Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS • Users Profile > 2. STUDENTS CHAPTER 3 Profile: International students (engineering field ) Age: 18 – 28 years old Marital status: single Residence: Copenhagen ( Denmark) Languages: Danish / English (Others: Spanish, French, German..) This users are our principal objective, because in many cases their behavior to the environment is not appropriate. In so many cases they aren´t interested about this subject or only are interested when it supposed an economic benefit for them ( e.g: recycling cans and bottles) Needs: - A dynamic and graphic WEBSITE. - Useful and simple - Customizable - Related to websites like Facebook or Twitter - Educational too Influences : In the following influence map we capture all the interfaces and websites that can be familiar for this target in order to help us to make our own interface. Influence MAP Explanation: This target is an expert on social networks like Facebook or Twitter, also he use other media such as Skype or WhatsApp (for the mobile phone). He often use Dropbox or Google Docs for the transfer of documents. In many cases they are users of Smartphones and of their applications. As students of Engineering they usually use specific programs such as Solid Edge and are familiar with Campus Net . Finally as Danish citizens they may be familiar with the DSB automatic ticket interface . p53 Background and research Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS • Users Profile CHAPTER 3 Influence MAP STUDENTS p54 Background and research Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Specific Research • USERS • Users Profile > 3 MAINTENANCE employee CHAPTER 3 Needs: The main problem of this target may be the lack of time. In other words, they don´t have enough time to spend in front of a webpage. That´s why this user needs an: - Easy and intuitive website - Useful and simple Influences : This user may be familiar with other control and maintenance interfaces present in the university. p55 Background and research Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Profile: National employee Age: 30 – 60 years old Marital status: married with family Residence: Copenhagen ( Denmark) Languages: Danish / English This target is as important as the others because he is the responsible of introducing the technical information in the website in order to provide some sustainable solutions . For that reason the technical part of the website should be focused and heavily oriented to this user. Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez •Mind Map We’ve made a mind map to present all our ideas , the research we’ve done, the main problem, the objectives.... to break down the problem in order to obtain a solution. During two of our team meetings we used the blackboard available to write down everything we were thinking of. We outlined our project this way, and with this overview we can limit what we want to use in our project. In this map we collect all the overview research and objectives explained in the previous pages and we discussed the conclusions from the specific research in order to finish it and complete it. CHAPTER 3 What´s a mind map ? A mind map is a diagram used to represent words, ideas, tasks, or other items linked to and arranged around a central key word or idea. Mind maps are used to generate, visualize, structure, and classify ideas, and as an aid tostudying and organizing information, solving problems, making decisions, and writing. The elements of a given mind map are arranged intuitively according to the importance of the concepts,the goal is representing connections between portions of information. >> p56 Background and research Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • SKETCHES CHAPTER 4 p63 Figures 15-19: Schetches Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • FIRST LAYOUTS >> Requirements In order the begin the building and development of the webpage we have considered the needs of the users and taken conclusions from our research into user behaviour in order to maximise the ease of use and appeal of the website. By doing this we maximise the likelihood of students within the university using the website effectively and reducing energy consumption and waste, thus, reaching the main objective of the project. Some of the most influential conclusions from user research and exploration of existing products are as follows: • The web page must be simple to follow and the instructions for use clear. • It must convey all relevant informations such as instruction for use, ways to reduce con sumption and explanation of the objectives without overloading the user with text. Studies show that readers generally only focus on 10% the quantity of text online as they would if it were printed. Subsequently, if we include too much text on the page the user may lose in terest and not complete the process and will not return to use the webpage again. • It must make it as simple as possible for users to input data and information (both qualita tive and quantitative). • In order to promote repeated use and positive reputation the webpage must present the benefits to the users from using the site. • However, in order to soothe social conscience the web page must also make the user aware of how they are ‘saving the environment’. • It may require methods of posting the progress of the user in terms of energy consumption on various social networking sites (such as Facebook and Twitter) instantly. >> Alternative 1 Initially, the user’s impression of our product will be the aesthetic and layout of the pages. Furthermore, the layout and design defines the ease of use and simplicity of the web page and aid the user in the understanding of the instructions, purpose and objectives of our product. Considering our research and the failings and successes of existing websites it is clear that the more simple the concept for the movement through the website and the layout the easier it is for the user to navigate and the more likely they are to return to it again. Also, the majority of contemporary, popular and successful websites utilise incredibly simple colour schemes and aesthetics. Firstly, by simplifying the imagery and semantics associated with the planet and the majority of ‘eco’ products I concluded that a circular based design would symbolise the Earth and create a simplistic graphic aesthetic. Furthermore, pastel colours are heavily used in web CHAPTER 4 p64 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • FIRST LAYOUTS design on pale, plain backgrounds. Thus, using pastel shades of blue, green, yellow, pink and will differentiate each section whilst keeping a ‘neutral’ aesthetic which relates to the theme of ‘the environment’ which is often represented in pastel shades and using blue, green yellow etc. Furthermore, circles represent the shape of the earth and are also a clean and aesthetically pleasing way to separate different items on the page. They allow for the page to flow without being confusing and allow the colour to stand out from the background. Each separate shape could incorporate a single ‘tip’ on saving energy, one piece of information or a link to another page within the website. CHAPTER 4 p65 Figure 20: Alternative one-web design Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • FIRST LAYOUTS • Alternative 2 With this website layout we want to follow the layout of our presentations and reports. The purpose of the use of this colors and structure is transmitting a simple appearance as simple as the use of the website. The user has to perceive the website as a tool as a help, so the interface should be very clear, homogeneous and attractive. Using this aesthetic we want to transmit technology and ecology as well as freshness and creativity. So according to this values we use a green and light green in reference to nature and a black and grey Pantone in reference to technology and modernity. CHAPTER 4 p66 Figure 21: Alternative two-web design Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • SELECTION AND EVOLUTION Once the choice of one of the alternatives was done, the designer of this alternative developed it, following the sketches already done. The designer defined the margins, typographies, sizes, colors.. and other aspects that could be modified once the programming has been done. This is only a first layout that probably is going to be modified during the webpage development, taking in account that a test user test is going to be done as well as some reviews before the final presentation of the webpage. CHAPTER 4 p67 Figure 22: structure of a general page of the site Ecostingy ( except Introduction and Challenge page ) Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • SELECTION AND EVOLUTION •typographies and colors >> typographies >> sizes CHAPTER 4 p68 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz In order to do a webpage homogeny, logical and continuous we use the same typographies we use on the logotype and slogan of the site. Nevertheless these ones aren´t appropriate for a long continuous text so we use Futura LT typography because is a representation off modernity and simplicity, concepts that we want to transmit to users. •Titles-Menu-Buttons- important text-mesages.. •Subtitles •General Text Futura LT Medium Futura LT Book Love Ya Like A Sister appleberry The main colours we use are according with the layouts of our previous presentations, in this case we add other colors like blue or orange to bring more dynamism and freshness at the webpage. ( Red is also susceptible to be add ). The green represent the nature, the ecology .. however with this specific tonality we wanted to do a reference to technology and modernity too. Obviously the use of black is justified because is a neutral and modern color. •Main colours •Secondary colours Pantone 2925 C Pantone Orange 021 C Pantone Black C 204 R 225G 0B C25 M0 Y91 K12 •Name and slogan •Titles and subtitles •Menu 42 18 30 18 14 •General text 12 >>colors Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • SELECTION AND EVOLUTION CHAPTER 4 p69 Figures 23-24 Welcome page and “My profile “page Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • SELECTION AND EVOLUTION CHAPTER 4 p70 Figures 25-26: “My profile “page-alternative and “Current consuption” page Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • SELECTION AND EVOLUTION CHAPTER 4 Figures 27-28: “Current consuption” end of the page and “Take action” page p71 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • SELECTION AND EVOLUTION CHAPTER 4 Figures 29-30: “Take action” end of the page , “Report a problem” page and “Forum” page p72 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • CREATING THE WEBPAGE CHAPTER 4 p79 Figure 43: Screenshot “Welcome page” Figure 44: Screenshot “Edit your information” Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • CREATING THE WEBPAGE CHAPTER 4 p80 Figure 45: Screenshot “My profile” Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Figure 46: Screenshot “Take action” Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • CREATING THE WEBPAGE CHAPTER 4 p81 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Figure 47: Screenshot “Take action”-WATER Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • CREATING THE WEBPAGE CHAPTER 4 p82 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Figure 48: Screenshot “Current consumption” Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • CREATING THE WEBPAGE CHAPTER 4 p83 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Figure 49: Screenshot “Forum” Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • CREATING THE WEBPAGE CHAPTER 4 p84 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Figure 50: Screenshot -Example of discussion in the Forum Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • CREATING THE WEBPAGE CHAPTER 4 p85 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Figure 51: Screenshot “Challenge” Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • SELECTION AND EVOLUTION • USER TEST >> The purpose This questionnaire will be presented to some students from IHK in order to know if they, who will be the final users, understand the webpage, it’s contents and the objectives. Also it’s important to define if the webpage is well structured and interesting. The methodology will be showing them the webpage and also the questionaire, so they can answer directly what they found should be changed.( It´s a writed questionnaire, there is no dialogue) >> The respondents 9 Students of IHK ( the same profiles of the other questionnaire p46) >> The respondents introduction to our website We’re creating an innovative product wich is called Ecostingy. It’s a webpage where you can get information about the resources consumption of the university and how you can help to reduce it. CHAPTER 4 p86 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Figure 52: Screenshot “Report a problem” Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • USER TEST >> Their questions and their answers • 1. After a first glance, do you understand, or it becomes clear what is the purpose of the website? For all the respondents the purpose is very clear, we highlight some interesting answers: “Yes, the green slogan below the logo focused my attention at first, and because of this I was able to undenstand intuinitively what is the sence of the webpage.” “Yes. It’s to aware people for the necessity of saving energy and water, specially on the university.” • 2. In your opinion, do you think that the contents and services that are offered in this website are useful? In a general way they think that they are useful, principally it´suseful to remind them the problem . “Yes. It is a special place to show one problem close to us and there is no similar website exist. But if there are more picture to show us, it will be better.” “Yes I like the challenge idea between different departments to compete for being the most efficient department in energy usage. And all the graph make a good connexion between theory and reality.” “The ‘report a problem page’ seems like a really good idea, much easier than emailing or finding the right member of staff to report a problem. I also liked the ‘take action page, factual information; bullet pointed which helps give an understanding to someone in a more simple way.” • 3. Are the texts used in the menu describable enough of what it is offered in the windows you can access through them? The users agree that the text and contents are very clear, they also gave us some suggestions: “The text are clear, and the images help the user to locate itself. I would suggest to highlight the section you are in each moment. (Current consumption, take action, report a problem...)” CHAPTER 4 p87 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • USER TEST “Yes, it’s encourage to go deeper inside the page. The quotaion at the bottom is a good idea.” “I like the menu as it is simple to read.” • 4. Seeing the home page ( the page with the menu), Could you see at a glance the most relevant content that it is offered? The majority of respondents understand very quickly the most relevant contents. “Yes, but for me part “Take action” is the meritum of the page and it can be more demonstrated (biger font, slightly different button, etc...) “ • 5. Do you underestand the charts and the indormation related to resources consumption at IHK? Users understand the graphics although they don´t like a lot how they look like. “Yes, it’s understandable, but it looks not pretty nice (because of the fact that halfs of charts aro on grren backgtound and other halfs on whilt on (in chrome). The font of numbers is very basic, and I don’t like notation “00” on X-axis and there can be “24” to make more obvious that there are presented hours.” “The charts were pretty easy to read and were interesting.” • 6. Do you find useful the tips about saving energy resources? Despite the fact that some of them know this tips before , all users agree that it´s very important to remind them this easy tips to be aware of the problems and solutions that exist. “Yes. Some seems to be obvious, but people are forgoting about this, so it’s definitelly useful..” “Yes. But most of them i have heard before.” • 7. Do you understand how the challenge works and the objective of it ? Users are very motivated with the challenge and they like the idea of competition. CHAPTER 4 p88 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • FINAL DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 4 p95 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz • FINAL DEVELOPMENT We add a text to explain how you can vote for your favorite tip Figure 60 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • FINAL DEVELOPMENT Example of discusion in the forum CHAPTER 4 p96 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Example of discusion in the forum Now in the forum topics there’s a title to tell the users where they are. Figure 61 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • FINAL DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 4 p97 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Figure 62 Figure 53-62: Screenshots of the final development of the webpage Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • CONTENTS The main goal for the webpage is to help users to reduce the resources consumption. This will be reached by informing users about it’s consumption and teaching them how to decrease it. It’s quite important to motivate all users as possible, because the more people use it the more results will be reached. Our biggest problem will be to make users involved in our project, make them feeling that is its own responsability. Before having the final product, we’ve decided wich are the tasks that users should be able to do in order to make them useful to reach the main objective. It’s important to remark that the final result will not be positive if students are not involved on it, so it could be said that our product is a tool. By this we can conclude that we have two more objectives: Attract users and provide them with a simple and effective tool. As far as we know, we don’t have all the solutions, so participation and interaction beetween users it’s interesting from our point of view. Everybody can contribute with it’s own ideas and doubts. Our phylosphy is that working together, fighting for a common objective, we can reach all objectives easily. >> Information and learning. Information about consumption could be very useful and it’s the reference to create saving measures, but only informing is not effective. Having all the information, users could be aware about its own impact on the environment, but then, what else? This is the point where we have to process this data to teach users how to improve its results. It’s important to update information frequently, otherwise people will lose interest once read. Nowadays, information flows around the world instanly, everything changes day after day. The way we inform people should be dynamic, encouraging people to participate actively and feeling theirselves useful and necessary. As far as we know, the best way to achieve that objective is that users were the principal actors in the webpage informing them about its consumption and trying to involve them in our project by teaching how to improve its behaviour and also learning from them. CHAPTER 4 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp98 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • CONTENTS >> Horizontal flow of information. The point that our product differ with others that hadn´t succeeded is that we don’t want to change people’s behaviour by imposing some rules or tasks. Our objective is to make them participants in our project by showing them how they use resources and making them able to see its improvements and results. Also, we can’t answer questions if are not formulated, so users should be able to ask concrete answers to obtain solutions to it’s own situation. Furthermore, do we know all the answers? That’s not possible, but that’s why we decided to use a webpage, because common knowledge is more powerful than anything. Users are also allowed (and invited) to answer their mates questions, so everyone is essencial in order to achieve our objectives. Questions make people aware about things that maybe they didn’t realised before and answers are solutions for problems that users have. Ecostingy team also will try to answer that questions as far as we are the risponsibles of the project. >> Motivation and incentives Reducing resources consumption is the main goal of the project, but this task cannot be done alone. Students should participate actively to ensure a correct function, so how we will do to attract them? As we know, human is competitive, so through a challenge between departments in university we want to accomplish two objectives: Marketing from user-user because it’s a team challenge and also make users interested in beat the other departments being more sustainable. Incentives such as money, discounts or other advantatges were thought, but we concluded that people could get used to this and just participate to get the prize, and the objective is that people become aware and interested by other “prizes” such as a better environment for future generations and keeping our limited resources as much as we can. Futhermore, informing about the saving that some actions can determinate could be a good idea, because it’s a colateral effect. >> Responsibility Users from university are who detect first things that are broken or just don’t work. That’s why we want that they are able to inform directly to the maintenance risponsables, because the more fast a problem is reported the more fast it is solved. Risponsability is the base that make this project possible, because is needed users voluntarity to change it’s behaviour. CHAPTER 4 p99 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • MEASUREMENTS POINTS In IHK, we have different measurement points of electricity located along the building. This measurement points are composed by 2 different types of measure: Lighting and Other devices (need to know wich are). The info collected by this sensors will be used for us in order to inform users in IHK the consumption of electricity and to plan different strategies of saving. Nowadays, we have 3 measurement points: One for the CV(Center for continuing education) and wings A, B and E, another for the Civil Engineering department (wings N, P, Q, R and S and Foundation class) and another one for IT and Electronics department (wings H, K, M, T, U, V and X) and the lab for Aalborg University. All of them have some servers included, indicated on the figure below. We will use it for 2 principal objectives wich are showing the total (and partial) consumption of the building and to make a challenge between users to encourage them using our product. Figure 63: IHK servers location. >> Possible improvements We have to be careful when showing info about consumption, because if it’s not easy to understand or too complicated, users will not be interested anymore. Simplicity is the key when we have to display complex information, because a lot of numbers and charts would make people confused. Most of users from university, as engineers, will know technical details but they’re not interesting, because we only want to inform that resources could be saved. It’s time for comparisons. CHAPTER 4 Classroom numbers indicates where servers are p100 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • MEASUREMENTS POINTS Using comparisons we can see quickly if we are improving the consumption of electricity or not. References are needed to compare our actual consumption with processed data. This means that we will not show only daily data, we want to show at the same time 3 different measures: Actual consumption, day before consumption and last year consumption. A third parameter, that maybe could be useful, is the weather from the day, bacause it’s an important factor for electricity (and energy) consumption (with clouds, no natural light and less natural warm...). Furthermore, the measurement points could be improved, because by now we only can separate consumptions in building in big parts, but with more measurement points, we can rise the accuracy of the strategies for saving. Why? Because every different class has different needs, it’s not the same a workshop, where heavy machines are working, and a classroom, where all this resource is invested for lighting and maybe some computers. The best option, is to have a independent measurement point in each class. With this distribution, we will be able to control where problems are (Classes where sunlight is not useful, bad behaviours, let light’s turned on...) to create specific saving strategies for every situation. Obviously, it may be expensive and with lots of different measurements, but is still the best option. If measurement points should be improved, we have to compare the savings that we can obtain and decide if they are enough to payback the investment. It’s also important to know, that maybe we will not have back the money that we invest but the benefits for the environment are also important, maybe more than the economic. The objective of measuring the consumption is to study where we can improve the efficiency of its usage to create saving strategies. The main objective of the project is to save resources, not money. Also we have 2 more meters, one for the total heating consumption, wich is district heating and other to measure the total consumption of water. The idea is the same, to spread out the meters to have the consumption of heating and water individually for every room that use one of those resources. >> Taking profit of measurement points: Challenge Another technique for make people interested is to create a challenge where students from different departments will compete to be the most electricity-saving. All of we know that humans are compettitve by nature, so this idea could be interesting for 2 aspects: To promote the website and to inform users about it’s average electricity consumption. So those are the objectives we want to obtain with the challenge. CHAPTER 4 p101 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • The webpage development • MEASUREMENTS POINTS >> Taking profit of measurement points: Challenge We will use tha data that measurement points obtains and divide the total consumption by the number of users of the departments, so logically, the department wich obtain the less average consumption will. All the consumption of the IT and Electronics department is divided by the number of users wich are in this zone, so logically, the department wich obtain the less average consumption will win. To know where the user is studying most of time, they have to inform about it when they register for the challenge, so the students will encourage their classmates to participate on it to reduce the average consumption. It could be improved if meters in everey classe were available, because the accuracy will increase a lot. Nowadays, also the consuimption of servers and labs are modifiying the measurements, so it will not be very accurate, but it’s more to gave an idea to the users than to create a real competition. Also if we include water and heating consumption, it will be more accurate. CHAPTER 4 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp102 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • Technical items • TECHNOLOGIES The website is running on an Apache server. Apache is open-source web server software. During the development phase of the website, we used MAMP, which stands for Macintosh, Apache, Mysql and PHP as a virtual server on our computers. An alternative would be Xampp, that runs on different platforms such as Linux and Windows. We use a Mysql database for the data of the website, and PHP to access this data. We also used Smarty (http://smarty.net), a template engine for PHP that facilitates the separation of presentation (HTML/CSS) from application logic (PHP). We decided to use this to make the code easier to maintain. By using Smarty, you can also separate the front end development and the back end development entirely. For the front-end development we’re using HTML/CSS and jQuery (a javascript library). • WEBSITE STRUCTURE Home: On the home page we introduce our project, encouraging people from the university to participate. This is the only page you can see if you’re not logged in. From this page you have the option to join/login, and if you click the link you get redirected to the login page. Login: All the students and staff at IHK have a personal login (student id) and password that is used for Campusnet, the hotspot, … The university uses a CAS server for this. CAS is a multiprotocol SSO solution, and can be used for authorization. The user will be directed to a page from the university (see figure) to log in, and when the login is successful, redirected back to our website where the website receives the student id from the CAS server. Because our website is built with PHP, we used a PHP CAS client called phpCAS (https://wiki.jasig.org/display/CASC/phpCAS) CHAPTER 4 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp103 Figure 64: IHK CampusNet Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The webpage • Technical items • WEBSITE STRUCTURE Profile  edit profile: When the user logs in to the website via CAS, there is a check to see if it’s a new or a returning user (checks if there is a user with the user id CAS returns in the database - more information on the database structure later in this chapter). If it’s a new user the user gets directed to edit profile where he can edit his information (name, department and avatar). A returning user gets directed to his profile where he can see his information, the tips he’s saved from Take Action (our tips) and the tips he’s saved from the Forum (other users’ tips), the problems he’s reported in Report A Problem and their current status (solved or not) and his achievements (for example if his department wins the Challenge or if his tip in the Forum gets awarded “Tip Of The Month”). Current Consumption: Here we display the energy and water consumption in the university. At the top of the page we have a “Tip Of The Day”. This is a tip that you can also find at Take Action. There is not a lot of data available for the water consumption, but we have the yearly consumption from the past and the monthly consumption from 2012 so we display the average consumption for last year and the average consumption for the last recorded month. For the energy consumption we are using charts from goenergi.dk. The university has meters in 3 different locations (we use these 3 locations as 3 departments to make the data more customized to our users). We are displaying the recent consumption charts (data from 3 days ago) in the entire university and comparing it to one year before on the same day of the same week. If the user selected his department in Edit Profile we also display the recent consumption charts and the charts for one year before for his department. Take Action: On this page you can read an introduction on why it’s important to take action and save resources. We divided it in 3 categories, lighting, water and heating. These categories are subpages. On every subpage there are some concrete and easy to understand tips first. The user can save the tips he likes to his profile to easily find them back. The saving of the tips is done with AJAX (jQuery/javascript makes the request to the server) so the page doesn’t have to be refreshed. Below the tips we have more information on the topic. Report A Problem: Here the user can report problems in the university to maintenance. For example, if there is a tap that’s leaking. The user needs to select the topic (water, electricity, heating or other), give the location and also write a summary of the problem. Then he can send it to maintenance. The problem he just reported is then added to his Profile so he can stay updated on the status. CHAPTER 4 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp104 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The initiative design • Introduction In this part of the project we are going to explain how we design the “ecoSTINGY MOVEMENT” to get people involved in sustainability and of course in our webpage. Acording to this purpose we designed some posters to put in the university and a stand alone display for a more easy acces to the webpage. >> Failure of environmental initiative at IHK. IHK, along with the majority of large establishments and companies, is constantly striving to reduce the consumption of energy in order to reduce negative environmental impact. Subsequently, they provided us with the brief for this project. However, this is not the first example of them attempting to improve people’s behavioural habits within the campus in order to reach their objectives. Recently the university hosted a week encouraging ‘sustainability’ and ‘green’ attitudes and behaviour. However, this struggled to make an impact and we believe there are many reasons for this. It would have been easy to fail to even notice the presence of this initiative as it was not particularly apparent within the campus. Significant numbers of environmental initiatives have failed in many environments and this is much to do with human behaviour and how we react and are stimulated (see user mentality research). Subsequently, our initiative focuses on appealling to the competitive side of the human brain in order to inspire activity and participation that will reduce wastage of energy and general consumption. CHAPTER 5 p111 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The initiative design • Posters design The Ecostingy webpage offers a communal area for all students to input information on their energy consumption and to measure the impacts alteration in their habits create. However, one of the objectives of this project has been to inspire this change in behaviour and in order to to do this we had to take into account user mentally and employ the conclusions of our research as tools in this aim. Thus, one physical way of creating this change is to create visual stimulus within the university to keep a ‘green’ mentality fresh in student’s minds. Often found in public domains, workplaces, schools and universities materials such as posters and images are used to remind people what they can do to improve their energy consumption and that only they can do this. Subsequently, it seemed appropriate to create posters to be displayed in a variety of locations throughout the university campus to remind people of the small efforts they need to make in order for us to reach our objective of reducing energy consumption through their behaviour adapting. Considering research on the way the user mind works I considered different aspects of mentality that a poster could appeal to: • Appeal to the social conscience of the student. • Present the benefits of reducing consumption. • Use statistics and examples to make people of environmental damage. • Use bright graphics to capture their attention. • Approach the topic humorously to encourage them to engage. • Promote an initiative and appeal to the selfish aspect of human nature. After analysis existing posters and promotion with similar aims and objectives and the ramifications of a variety of perspectives on improving user habit I considered the demographic of the target audience of the posters. As these are mostly young adults in a university environment it seemed appropriate to use humour as a tool. Furthermore, as this is an engineering university it can be legitimately assumed that the majority of students, through their studies and social media, are fully aware of environmental issues and the need to reduce consumption as well as the effects on the environment. Thus, the main problem is motivating them to change their habits. People are often reluctant to admit that what they do requires improvement, henceforth, when people are presented with criticism of their actions or feel like their actions are being judged then they may react in a way that pushes against what is being suggested to them. However, if you can make someone laugh or consider the situation in good humour they are more likely to appreciate how their single action is essential for a wider improvement. CHAPTER 5 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp112 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The initiative design • Posters design Although I wanted to keep the approach light and humorous, it is still essential that people understand the impact that small changes in their behaviour will have. Thus, it became apparent that using a the humour of the irony of how small the effort is and how little time it takes to make these changes compared to the same aspects of actions we take throughout the day without even thinking that are habits we have adopted and the amount of time it takes to read the poster would amuse and inspire the user. Furthermore, by suggesting to them that this is the easiest way to ease their social conscience on the topic of being environmentally friendly may encourage a change in behaviour. The less aggressive the communication the more effective it should be. When consulting with two graphic designers it became clear that a poster that should be read quickly and not intrude on quick actions within people’s routines should focus on the main points and not be text or graphic heavy in order the focus the user on the specific aim. Furthermore, colour is important in graphic design as it can set the visual semantic in the reader’s mind and helps them visualise the aim of objective of what is suggested without having to waste space and text on the poster explaining it. Commonly found in environmentally focussed media, green, blue and white represent a positive environmental state and the Earth. Additionally, colour blocking is an effective method as it allows for the full subconscious effect of colour to register with the user without compromising the ease of reading and understand of the text and images used. Conclusively, in order to create the most effective and aesthetically pleasing posters that will help us reach our main objective of reducing energy consumption I took into account all aspects of my research into user mentality, graphic design and consumer behaviour. CHAPTER 5 >> Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp113 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The initiative design • Posters design CHAPTER 5 ecostingy Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp114 Figure 68:Posters Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The initiative design • Stand alone design As we announce at the beginning of our project development one of the objectives of our project included the design of a standalone display for the university hall. It´s not only important the fact of designing a good display but also the fact of create a motivating and attracti- ve space for users. We want to attract users to the stand and once they will be here, invite them to discover the website. So our objective with this product is to market , advertise and create a “buzz” regarding our website. A standalone display will provide ample opportunity students to interact with the website and learn how to use it as well as adding to the statistics by inputting their own personal usage. It would be a freestanding display featuring an interactive screen (computer) that allows access to the website easily and demonstrates how to use it effectively. In order to design it in the best way we are going to study the environment in which we are going to place the standalone display as well as all the factors that can influence its design. • ENVIRONMENT ( the university ) In order to facilitate the use of the website and according to the challenge developed in the university regarding the website we are going to install one stand alone display in each department, in other words we are going to install 3 standalone displays. CHAPTER 5 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp115 Figure 69: Map of the different departments and distribution at IHK- Displays locations Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The initiative design • Stand alone design • ENVIRONMENT ( the university ) : University AESTHETIC: At IHK the areas are design for facilitate the students socialization and mobility, it´s characterized by a great hall and canteen area as well as many squares where people can meet , study and develop their social life. The areas are very spacious, light and functional, with a simple but care aesthetic. Our product should follow these values: -Functionality -Beauty -Economic • THE INSPIRATION According to the subject involving our website, we can find the inspiration in the nature, in its shapes and colors. As well as in the values and aesthetic that the university and we, as students and ecostingy designers, we want to transmit. CHAPTER 5 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp116 Figure 70: View of the different areas Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The initiative design • Stand alone design • THE INSPIRATION • THE CONCEPTS PROPOSAL We propose 8 concepts all different that combined at the same time simplicity , modernity and functionality. In some of them we use smoothes curves in other geometrical forms according to the environment we are and in others we use nature shapes to bring originality and color. Below the result of the concept´s design. (On one hand there are the concepts drawn with soft pencils and on the other hand the different colors and textures possible.) CHAPTER 5 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp117 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The initiative design • Stand alone design • THE CONCEPTS PROPOSAL >> See the Appendix for more detail p131- p06 • Textures and colors The textures and color are according to nature motifs, textures, colors. We propose on one hand the use of greens, browns, blacks and grey in a matt hue and on the other hand we propose forest textures, like the texture of a tree trunk to transmit the idea of the importance of preserve nature and their properties. When students saw the stand we want them to know what is the website and our movement about. In other words we want users could see and breathe nature. CHAPTER 5 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp118 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The initiative design • Stand alone design • THE SELECTION AND 3D DESIGN 2 concepts of the 8 have been selected by the team; the first one is the conceptual model because of its simplicity and functionality and the second one is the folder model because of it original and geometrical shape and its properties. From this moment we are going to develop the 3d model select one and choice the appropriate texture and esthetic to put in the University. This is the result of the design production in 3D: Conceptual model It’s characterized by its engineering shape and simplicity, the use of nature colours and textures provide it an attractive and ecological aspect ( in relation with the webpage). Different combinations of colours can be used: Folder model It´s the stand alone display chosen to developed and placed in the University. What is attractive in it is it´s amazing shape and curves, it´s provocative that´s why it´s perfect to impress the students and to try to attract them to the website. The colours are all natural as well as the texture, we use plastic wood to produce it in order to be more resistant for use, lasting, cheaper and more esthetic . There is available two kinds of timber appearance: Oak timber or old timber CHAPTER 5 Green Pantone Black C Mapel Plastic Wood Pantone Black C Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp119 Figure 71: Conceptual model Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez The initiative design • Stand alone design • THE SELECTION AND 3D DESIGN • THE PRESENTATION Sizing: In order to make the best design adapted for everybody we use ergonomic tables to dimension the stand. Reference: Las dimensiones humanas en los espacios interiores Julius Panero, Martin Zelnik Result and characteristics of the stand design: Name: Folder model General dimensions: Colour and texture: Oak wood and old wood Material: plastic wood CHAPTER 5 Detail Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp120 Figure 72: Folder model Figure 73: Folder model presentation Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez References CHAPTER 7 Fenercom http://www.fenercom.com/pages/pdf/informacion/formacion/Comparativa-de-un-sistema- convencional-de-radiadores-frente-a-climatizacion-invisible-SIMULACIONESYPROYECTOS.pdf GosScandinavia http://goscandinavia.about.com/od/denmar1/ss/weatherdenmark.htm Guia Prctica http://www.guiapractica.cl/consejos/medio-ambiente/17-consejos-para-ahorrar-agua-en-el- hogar.html Idae http://www.idae.es/index.php/mod.pags/mem.detalle/relcategoria.1042/id.57/relmenu.67 http://www.idae.es/ProductosEficientes/AccesoBusqElectrodomesticos.aspx La flecha http://www.laflecha.net/canales/blackhats/articulos/ahorro-de-energia-en-iluminacion Las dimensiones humanas en los espacios interiores Julius Panero, Martin Zelnik Microsoft Hohm http://blog.microsoft-hohm.com/Hohm-energy-report-sample.aspx http://www.microsoft-hohm.com/Recommendation/ McKenzie-Mohr, McKenzie-Mohr, D., 1999, Fostering Sustainable Behavior: An Introduction to Community Based Social Marketing, inside.bard.edu/berd/documents/FosteringSustainableBehavior.pdf Notes- Subject: Ergonomics – Degree in Engineering of Industrial Design and Product Development- Rubén Rebollar and Javier Fernández Carrión The Essential Guide to User Interface Design Wilbert O. Galitzpdf version TwEnergy http://twenergy.com/ Sistemas de calefaccin http://www.sistemascalefaccion.com/tipos/calefaccion-radiante.html Soitu http://www.soitu.es/soitu/2009/06/17/medioambiente/1245258514_247739.html Sun Map http://www.sunmap.eu/weather/europe/denmark/capital-region/ballerup Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp127 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez References •Figures Figure 1: World Map p19 Source: Google IMAGES http://www.google.com/imghp Figure 2: View of Denmark p19 Source: Google MAPS http://maps.google.com/ Figure 3: View of Copenhagen and Ballerup p19 Source: Google MAPS http://maps.google. com/ Figure 4: IHK view p20 Source: http://int.ihk.dk/ Figure 5: Temperature in Denmark p20 Source: http://goscandinavia.about.com/od/denmar1/ss/ weatherdenmark.htm Figure 6: Climate Data for Copenhagen p21 Source: http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/index/danmark/klimanormaler.htm Figure 7: Climate Data for Ballerup p22 Source: Source: http://www.sunmap.eu/weather/europe/ denmark/capital-region/ballerup Figure 8: Temperature Change in Ballerup p23 Source: http://www.sunmap.eu/weather/europe/ denmark/capital-region/ballerup Figure 9: Scheme of the technical research metodology p24 Victor Figure 10: Lighting Requirements in IHK p27 Source: [Document proportionate by Ole Schultz] Figure 11: Scheme radial floor action p29 Source: http://www.eks-innova.de/index. php5?datei=wand Figure 12: Scheme of radiator action p29 Source: http://www.eks-innova.de/index. php5?datei=wand Figure 13:Water Consumption p35 Source: Manual para el uso eficiente y Racional del agua .VictorJ. Bourguett Ortiz ISBN 968-5536-10-4 Figure 14: Water saving measures p 35 Source: Manual para el uso eficiente y Racional del agua .VictorJ.Bourguett Ortiz ISBN 968-5536-10-4 Figures 15-19: Sketches p 63 Figure 20: Alternative one -web design p 65 Emily Figure 21: Alternative two -web design p 66 Andrea CHAPTER 7 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp128 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez References •Figures Figure 22: Structure of a general page p67 Andrea Figures 23-24: “Welcome” page and “My profile page” p69 Andrea Figures 25-26: “My profile” page alternative and “Current consumption” page p70 Andrea Figures 27-28: “Current consuption” end of the page and “Take action” page p71 Andrea Figures 29-30: “Take action” end of the page , “Report a problem” page and “Forum” page p72 Andrea Figures 31-32: “Forum” end of the page and “Help” page , “The challenge” page p73 Andrea Figures 33-41: Web design after the Review p74-78 Andrea Figure 42: First welcome page development p78 Hermine Figure 43-44: Screenshot “Welcome page” and Screenshot “Edit your information” p79 Hermine Figure 45-46: Screenshot “My profile” and Screenshot “Take action” p80 Hermine Figure 47: Screenshot “Take action”-WATER p81 Hermine Figure 48: Screenshot “Current consumption” p82 Hermine Figure 49: Screenshot “Forum” p83 Hermine Figure 50: Screenshot -Example of discussion in the Forum p84 Hermine Figure 51: Screenshot “Challenge” p85 Hermine Figure 52: Screenshot “Report a problem” p86 Hermine Figure 53-62: Screenshots of the final development of the webpage p90-97 Hermine Figure 63: IHK servers locations p100 Source: http://www.ihk.dk/ Figure 64: IHK campusNet p103 Source: https://auth.ihk.dk/ihk/indexjsp?service=https%3a%2f%2fw ww.campusnet.ihk.dk%2fcnnet%2fDefault.aspx CHAPTER 7 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp129 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez References •Figures Figure 65: Screenshot Maintenance-page p105 Hermine Figure 66: Website structure p106 Hermine Figure 67: Database structure p108 Hermine Figure 68: Posters p114 Emily Figure 69: Map of the different areas-Displays location p115 Andrea Figure 70: View of different areas p116 Andrea Figure 71: Conceptual model p119 Andrea Figure 72: Folder model p120 Andrea Figure 73: Folder model presentation-laptop p121 Andrea Figure 74: Folder model presentation-screen p121 Andrea Figures 75-77: Initiative design presentation p122 Andrea >> The rest of pictures have been only used with a graphical purpose Source:Google Images CHAPTER 7 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp130 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Appendix • Summary CHAPTER 8 • University • Context • The Project Plan • Checklist for sustainable behaviour • The graphic design Folder • Some user test • Lighting investment plan • Ecostingy source 01 01 01 03 05 06 07 011 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzzp131 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Appendix • University IHK offers different Bachelor degrees and international studies. European Project Semester is the course our team is attending, and its objective is to learn how to work with a multicultural team to build our project. The main departments in the school are Civil engineering, Mechanical engineering, Electronics and Computer engineering, Electrical power and IT engineering and Export engineering. The Technical Library of Copenhagen is attached to the University, so all students can use all the material there such as papers, documents, files, books etc. IHK makes the link between some Danish companies who want to invest in research and investigation and the internationals students. In our case, we are not developing the project for any company but for the university. IHK will both be the client and the partner for our project. Ole Schultz, our supervisor, will guide us in this project by doing regular meetings and helping us if we have problems about working in group and give us useful tips and advice to work in a proper way. • Context We are doing this project in the context the European Project Semester. The aims of this program are to train students in teamwork and emphasize realistic and real life situations, to demonstrate the ability to use modern project tools and techniques, to demonstrate the ability to plan and run a team-based project and finally to show the ability to communicate clearly in writing as well as by other means. This will be accomplished by working in cross-cultural and multidisciplinary teams, supervised by an academic supervisor who helps the students to understand the content of their project and ensures they are making progress. The supervisor also makes sure that the advantages of working together in a group are sustained. • The Project Plan The Gantt chart is a common technique for representing the phases and activities of a project work . It illustrate the start and finish dates of the terminal elements and summary elements of a project. also show the dependency (i.e., precedence network) relationships between activities. Using this method the project management is assured and the modifications that can occur can be controlled. >> In the following GANNT chart it´s showed all the work done, including task modifications that we had to do due to the events that occured throughout the final project development. CHAPTER 8 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz01 Id Nombre de tarea Duración Comienzo Fin Predecesoras Nombres de los recursos 1Project: Green Technology 1 02 días? mar 31/01/12 mar 19/06/12 2Meeting with the supervisor 1 día? mar 31/01/12 mar 31/01/12 Andrea, Emily, Victor 3Group attitude / Belbin Test 2 días? mié 01/02/12 jue 02/02/12 Andrea, Emily, Victor 4Phase 1: Process planning, information r e 24 días? vie 03/02/12 mar 06/03/12 5Project Redefinition 1 día? vie 03/02/12 vie 03/02/12 Andrea, Emily, Victor 6Overview Research 2 días? sáb 04/02/12 lun 06/02/12 7Market analysis ( Products or Servic e 2 días? sáb 04/02/12 lun 06/02/12 Andrea 8Environment analysis ( parameters ev a 2 días? sáb 04/02/12 lun 06/02/12 Victor 9Users analysis ( psychology…) 2 días? sáb 04/02/12 lun 06/02/12 Emily 10 Conclusions 1 día? lun 06/02/12 lun 06/02/12 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 11 Definition of the objectives 3 días? lun 06/02/12 mié 08/02/12 Emily (after discussion (all the group)) 12 Definition of the framework 3 días? lun 06/02/12 mié 08/02/12 Victor(after discussion ( all the group)) 13 Check-in- meeting 0 días mié 08/02/12 mié 08/02/12 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 14 Reach of the project 3 días? mié 08/02/12 vie 10/02/12 Emily (after discussion (all the group) 15 Specific Research 4 días? sáb 11/02/12 mié 15/02/12 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 16 Mind map 6 días? vie 10/02/12 jue 16/02/12 Andrea ( Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor)[83%] 17 Check-in- meeting 0 días mar 21/02/12 mar 21/02/12 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 18 Project management class 3 días lun 20/02/12 mié 22/02/12 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 19 Presentation 1 día? jue 23/02/12 jue 23/02/12 18;16 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 20 Oral Presentation 1 día? jue 23/02/12 jue 23/02/12 Victor and Andrea 21 Report 1 día? jue 23/02/12 jue 23/02/12 Hermine 22 Conceptual definition 4 días? lun 27/02/12 jue 01/03/12 17;16 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 23 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días mar 28/02/12 mar 28/02/12 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 24 Problem definition 2 días? vie 02/03/12 lun 05/03/12 22 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 25 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días mar 06/03/12 mar 06/03/12 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 26 Phase 2: Conceptual Development 27 días? mié 07/03/12 vie 13/04/12 27 Environment study 9 días mié 07/03/12 lun 19/03/12 28 Climate study ( Denmark , Copenhagen) 3 días mié 07/03/12 vie 09/03/12 Andrea and Emily 29 Building study ( University- Ihk ) 2 días vie 16/03/12 lun 19/03/12 Hermine and Victor 30 Users study 8 días? mié 07/03/12 vie 16/03/12 31 Ergonomic Report 2 días mié 07/03/12 jue 08/03/12 Andrea 32 User´s poll 3 días? mié 14/03/12 vie 16/03/12 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 33 Users profile 3 días? mar 13/03/12 jue 15/03/12 Andrea 34 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días jue 15/03/12 jue 15/03/12 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 35 Creativity techniques 12 días? jue 08/03/12 vie 23/03/12 Andrea, Hermine, Victor 36 Solutions proposals-sketches 2 días? jue 22/03/12 vie 23/03/12 35 Andrea, Hermine, Victor 37 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días mar 20/03/12 mar 20/03/12 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 38 Interim report submision to supervisors 0 días jue 22/03/12 jue 22/03/12 36 39 Proposal Selection and justification 1 día? lun 26/03/12 lun 26/03/12 38 Andrea, Hermine, Victor 40 Meeting/ Supervision 1 día? jue 29/03/12 jue 29/03/12 39 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 41 Naming 3 días? jue 05/04/12 lun 09/04/12 Andrea Página 1 Id Nombre de tarea Duración Comienzo Fin Predecesoras Nombres de los recursos 42 Meeting/ Supervision 1 día? mié 11/04/12 mié 11/04/12 41 Emily, Hermine, Victor 43 Presentation layout 3 días? mar 10/04/12 jue 12/04/12 Andrea 44 Interim Report presentation 0 días vie 13/04/12 vie 13/04/12 42;43 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 45 Phase 3: Solution Development 37 días? lun 09/04/12 mar 29/05/12 39 46 Wireframe development 6 días? lun 09/04/12 lun 16/04/12 Hermine 47 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días mié 18/04/12 mié 18/04/12 46 Emily, Hermine, Victor 48 Designing the website ( include the 19 días lun 23/04/12 jue 17/05/12 47 Andrea and Hermine 49 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días mié 18/04/12 mié 18/04/12 Andrea, Hermine, Victor 50 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días mié 02/05/12 mié 02/05/12 Andrea, Hermine, Victor 51 Webpage contents 13 días? jue 26/04/12 lun 14/05/12 Victor 52 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días mié 16/05/12 mié 16/05/12 51 Andrea, Hermine, Victor 53 Preparing user test 2 días? lun 21/05/12 mar 22/05/12 52 Andrea 54 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días mar 22/05/12 mar 22/05/12 53 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 55 User-testing 3 días? mié 23/05/12 vie 25/05/12 54 Andrea, Emily, Victor 56 Modifying the design-design revie w 2 días? vie 25/05/12 mar 29/05/12 55 Andrea and Hermine 57 Phase 4: Final Development -Report-Pres 24 días? lun 30/04/12 jue 31/05/12 58 Final Webpage development 5 días? vie 25/05/12 jue 31/05/12 Hermine 59 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días mié 30/05/12 mié 30/05/12 58 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 60 Display design 5 días? lun 30/04/12 vie 04/05/12 Andrea 61 Posters design 2 días? jue 03/05/12 vie 04/05/12 Emily 62 Layout 8 días? mié 23/05/12 vie 01/06/12 61 Andrea 63 Print Report 1 día? lun 04/06/12 lun 04/06/12 58;62 Andrea and Victor 64 Final Report Submission (12pm) 0 días mié 06/06/12 mié 06/06/12 63 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 65 Preparing the presentation 4 días? jue 07/06/12 mar 12/06/12 64 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 66 Layout Presentation 4 días? jue 07/06/12 mar 12/06/12 Andrea 67 Meeting/ Supervision 0 días vie 15/06/12 vie 15/06/12 66 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 68 Presentation 0 días mar 19/06/12 mar 19/06/12 67 Andrea, Emily, Hermine, Victor 69 70 71 72 73 Legend: 0 días lun 27/08/12 lun 27/08/12 74 MODIFICATIONS 0 días lun 30/07/12 lun 30/07/12 Página 2 Id 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 Project: Green Technology g, information research, analysis and concept generation Overview Research Check-in- meeting 08/02 Check-in- meeting 21/02 Presentation Meeting/ Supervision 28/02 Meeting/ Supervision 06/03 Phase 2: Conceptual Development 15/03 24 31 07 14 21 28 05 12 19 26 02 09 16 23 30 06 13 20 27 05 12 19 26 02 09 16 23 30 07 14 21 28 04 11 18 25 02 09 16 23 30 06 13 20 27 03 10 nov '11 dic '11 ene '12 feb '12 mar '12 abr '12 may '12 jun '12 jul '12 ago '12 sep '12 Tarea División Progreso Hito Resumen Resumen del proyecto Tareas externas Hito externo Fecha límite Página 1 Proyecto: GANNT CHART-Green Tec h Fecha: lun 04/06/12 Id 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 20/03 22/03 13/04 Phase 3: Solution Development 18/04 18/04 02/05 16/05 22/05 Phase 4: Final Development -Report-Presentation 30/05 06/06 15/06 19/06 24 31 07 14 21 28 05 12 19 26 02 09 16 23 30 06 13 20 27 05 12 19 26 02 09 16 23 30 07 14 21 28 04 11 18 25 02 09 16 23 30 06 13 20 27 03 10 nov '11 dic '11 ene '12 feb '12 mar '12 abr '12 may '12 jun '12 jul '12 ago '12 sep '12 Tarea División Progreso Hito Resumen Resumen del proyecto Tareas externas Hito externo Fecha límite Página 2 Proyecto: GANNT CHART-Green Tec h Fecha: lun 04/06/12 naming Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultz THE PROCESS So ecostingy means someone who´s not very generous with nature with eco-subjects , in other words someone who didn´t leave nature be damage or fall into the wrong hands. To reforce this idea we need to add an slogan: “Wasting is no longer in. Now, become a ecoStingy!”, With this kind of slogan we emphasize the fact that you belong to a group, that you´re joined this philosophy. THE GRAPHIC IMAGE In order to realize the graphic image of the website we focused on the values we wanted to transmit: - Ecology - Sustainability - Originality - Freshness - Usability - Functionality - Youthfulness ( according to the environment in which we are designing the webpage) - Proximity to users - Diversity •LOGOTYPE Note: Finally the logotype is only constitute by the name of the website, in other words the name of the web is the logo of this one and of the movement we are going to promote at IHK. In the logotype we have used two diferent but similar tipographies , in this way we separate in two parts the logotipe: on one hand eco and on the other one stingy. Using two tipographies cause a breack and dynamism in the word . • naming Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultz THE GRAPHIC IMAGE Typographies: appleberry - Love Ya Like A Sister eco - stingy As we can see these type of fonts are very originals and informals. We use the combination of this two typographies principally because they are similar with the exception that the second is bigger than the first one ( with the same font size), so it´s more stress . This fact allows us to highlight the word stingy , to cause impact above eco that is important , but not is so impressive for users. Playing with two diferent colours we reinforce this idea : • ecostingy • MINIMUM SIZE PRINTING The minimum size printing can´t be very small because the logo is long and has 9 letters . So the minimum size printing for a correct readability it will be 10 mm high , taking in account that the letters are lower case. ecostingy 10 mm naming Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultz THE GRAPHIC IMAGE • TWO COLOURS VERSION The logo has been designed originally with two different inks . The syllable eco is in one ink and the rest in another one, The rupture has been created to bring more dynamism and stress the main word of the logo. So it´s very important the use and the contrast between this two colours. As we are going to explain later the colours used have an specific meaning that´s why it´s so importance mantenerlos. There is only one version of the logo according to the two corporate colours. (However depending on the background colour , we could use white instead of black.>> p-) The corporate colours are explained later in this section. • ONE COLOUR VERSION The logotype looks very good with one ink only if we maintain the contrast . We use the same ink that we use for stingy ( PANTONE Balck C ) for eco with a 60% of tonality and we increased the colour in stingy using a 100% of saturation. As we can see the contrast still being very strong. • ecostingy ecostingy naming Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultz THE GRAPHIC IMAGE • BACKGROUND ON COLOR VERSION The logotype looks very good in the first test on a coloured background, the two first samples show the logo on a black background ( the same colour as the logotype) and then on a green background ( the same colour that the word eco). We just have to change one of the corporate colours by a white colour. • ecostingy ecostingy ecostingy ecostingy Example using on the background a picture : naming Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultz THE GRAPHIC IMAGE • CORPORATE COLOURS There are two corporate colours : A “green technology” colour, in reference to nature and engineering and a black colour in reference to simplicity and functionality. We use this two colours for the webpage as well as for the project presentations and reports. In the logotype we use the green with 100% of saturation and the Pantone Black C with a 72%. (Sometimes we appeal to white depending on the background colour but this , is not going to be taken in account). •SLOGAN We use the same font that in the word eco , because is more readable, however we combined it with a black colour ( 30% of saturation). Its emplacement will be under the logotype in a small size, the slogan usually appears in the website and in some posters but not in the stand alone display or in a general way. We´ll use the slogan as a support to transmit our purpose and ideas. • ecostingy " Wasting is no longer in. Now, become an ecoStingy! " Diference between the logotype and the slogan: Logo: 30 Slogan: 12 PANTONE BLACK C R204 G225 B0 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Appendix •Some user test In this part of the appendix we selected two of the users test we did before the webpage design and two of the most interesting user test we did during the development of website. First users test: Name: Hugo Lecourt Gender: Male Nationality : French Age : 21 1.What do you know about the current waste of resources (water and energy) and the consequences of that? I know that we need a lot of energy to product water and electricity. We need to avoid waste and to reduce the CO2 emissions, for instance the water is a limited resource and it isn´t available in many countries. 2.Are you interested in this problem? Yes, but I think we heard a lot of things about this problem and few solutions are implemented. Besides from my point of view I find it completely stupid to ask people don´t take the car while in the other hand a refinery is rejecting in the atmosphere the equivalent of the annual consumption of France and Germany. 3.Are you doing something to decrease this waste of resources? If so, what are you doing? If not, why not? Yes, I turn off the light when I leave a room, I turn off the heater if I open a windows. I recycle my own waste, however sometimes I don´t take care about this because I think the big industrial enterprises can change more than I. Sometimes I forget to recycle bottles or I take my car for a short distance maybe because I think that industrial enterprises have more environment impact than me. 4.Are you willing to change your behavior if it helps to save resources? Even if you have to give up some of your comfort? No 5.Do you think you can change your behavior in relation to resources consumption? Do you think using a webpage informing you of the energy use at the university is a good idea? Do you have any suggestions? Yes, for example I don´t buy some products with too many packaging, with much material. Yes, but the solutions or tips must be easy to implant and really efficient. If you want to change the world and save the planet, study hard, become a great boss, manage a big firm and implement a strong environmental politic. 6.Would you be interested in participating in a sustainability project in your university? Yes of course!! 7.Do you have an idea on how we can save resources at the university? Change the toilet switches with sprinkler system switches CHAPTER 8 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz06 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Appendix •Some user test Name: Isabelle Hay-Campbell Gender: Female Nationality : UK 1.What do you know about the current waste of resources (water and energy) and the consequences of that? This is a very broad question! I know that waste of resources is a big problem and I am conscious of what I consume, but I am not sure which things waste the most, nor am I sure of the consequences other than a worsening of global warming, etc. In Britain, there is currently a hosepipe ban because of a lack of water. 2.Are you interested in this problem? Yes. 3.Are you doing something to decrease this waste of resources? If so, what are you doing? If not, why not? I do various small things. I recycle as much as possible; I bring my own bags to the supermarket/shops to avoid wasting bags; I keep any bags I do get from shops to re-use them; I try to keep lights off if they’re not needed; I also do things like only boiling the amount of water I need in the kettle rather than filling it to the top; I do not leave the tap running while I’m brushing my teeth, etc 4.Are you willing to change your behavior if it helps to save resources? Even if you have to give up some of your comfort? Yes, as long as I know that what I am doing is definitely making a positive impact. 5.Do you think you can change your behavior in relation to resources consumption? Do you think using a webpage informing you of the energy use at the university is a good idea? Do you have any suggestions? Yes, it’s a question of changing habits, like turning the tap off while you’re brushing your teeth. Do you think using a webpage informing you of the energy use at the university is a good idea? Yes. Do you have any suggestions? If you can inform people how much is being wasted and identify concrete ways that people can change their behaviour to reduce the waste and measure the impact of the behaviour (e.g. if everyone used no more than one paper towel every time they dried their hands, this would slow the rate of carbon emissions by xxx), this would be helpful. Otherwise if it is a university-wide initiative the website could encourage people to, for example, cycle to work for a week to save xxx amount of carbon emissions 6.Would you be interested in participating in a sustainability project in your university? Yes, although I only teach there one day a week. 7.Do you have an idea on how we can save resources at the university? Not other than the obvious things like turning lights off, not wasting paper, paper towels, plastic cutlery, paper plates and recycling what we do use… CHAPTER 8 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz07 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Appendix •Some user test Web test: 1 After a first glance, do you understand, or it becomes clear what is the purpose of the website? Not at first initial glance. Once reading the title I got the idea. Maybe an image, some sort of logo? 2 In your opinion, do you think that the contents and services that are offered in this website are useful? Why? The ‘report a problem page’ seems like a really good idea, much easier than emailing or finding the right member of staff to report a problem. I also liked the ‘take action page, factual information; bullet pointed which helps give an understanding to someone in a more simple way. 3 Are the texts used in the menu clear to understand what’s the content of it? Yes I understood most. 4 Seeing the home page ( the page with the menu), Could you see at a glance the most relevant content that it is offered? Don’t fully understand the reasoning for the names of the titles 5 Do you underestand the charts and the information related to resources consumption at IHK? ‘Take action’ for a page that is there to help and educate, for me I thought that was going to be some sort of signup sheet. 6 Do you find useful the tips about saving energy resources? I think the charts are showing that in certain time of the day the water consumption increases..? 7 Do you understand how the challenge works and the objective of it ? Yes bullet point facts are always appreciated, much easier then reading through a lot of text. 8 Do you actually think that you are going to enter, share opinions in the Forum ? I understand the challenge and yes I would participate however I’m not too sure of the water consumption that is allowed per person. 9 Would you use this product at the University or home? Yes if this is a real product. Thought it was a made up thing. 10 Comments and suggestions This would probably be better in the home environment as we would be the ones paying the bills so more thought is taken into being more efficient CHAPTER 8 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz08 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Appendix •Some user test Web test: 1 After a first glance, do you understand, or it becomes clear what is the purpose of the website? Yes, the green slogan below the logo focused my attention at first, and because of this I was able to undenstand intuinitively what is the sence of the webpage. 2 In your opinion, do you think that the contents and services that are offered in this website are useful? Why? Social education is a very important task. Absolutely everyone should be aware of the fact that we need to consume the resources in an economicall way. YES, content of the page is very useful, especially subpage “Take action” 3 Are the texts used in the menu clear to understand what’s the content of it? Yes, it’s encourage to go deeper inside the page. The quotaion at the bottom is a good idea. 4 Seeing the home page ( the page with the menu), Could you see at a glance the most relevant content that it is offered? Yes, but for me part “Take action” is the meritum of the page and it can be more demonstrated (biger font, slightly different button, etc.) What’s more all the time when a user is in the other part of the wabside there can be some random tips, which links to this sector. (just idea, not everybody have to feel the same ;p) 5 Do you underestand the charts and the information related to resources consumption at IHK? Yes, it’s understandable, but it looks not preety nice (because of the fact that halfs of charts aro on grren backgtound and other halfs on whilt on (in chrome). The font of numbers is very basic, and I don’t like notation “00” on X-axis and there can be “24” to make more obviosu that there are presented hours. 6 Do you find useful the tips about saving energy resources? Yes. Some seems to be obvious, but people are forgoting about this, so it’s definitelly useful.. 7 Do you understand how the challenge works and the objective of it ? Mostly yes, but I feel that education/changes should base on constant improvement (on only on sholt challenge). I feel that many (people, departments, etc.) can implement some dramatic changes just for a time of the challenge to be better “in comparison”. For me it’s better to promote maybe smaller changes, but PERMANENT. Idea of competion is good, but we should remember that “We improve ourself just to be better, not to show this to the others.” Sometimes we can not obiectively compare two things. 8 Do you actually think that you are going to enter, share opinions in the Forum ? I like finding informations in forums. Probably I will use it to find something more for me and if I find something interesting to me, I will join the discussion ;) 9 Would you use this product at the University or home? Maybe. It depends how will it expand. 10 Comments and suggestions This informations should be easily avaliable for everyone in every age;) CHAPTER 8 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz09 Group 3. Emily Rebecca Burroughs, Hermine Cooreman, Andrea Cuella, Victor Rodriguez Appendix •Lighting investment plan Lamps comparison It’s very significant that, after doing a big investment, in such a short period of time it’s amortized, and once the cost is recovered we are saving money. Apart from that, we are also polluting less the environment, and this is very important, because we all know that we have to keep it for future generations and also for other habitants of the Earth. So, we can say that it’s a good idea to invest in this direction, because on the one hand, we are saving money, which can be invested in other stuff, and on the other hand, we’re being more energy-efficient means that we’re having less impact on the environment. CHAPTER 8 Ingeniørhøjskolen i København - EPS - Spring Semester 2012 - Group 3 - Supervisor: OLe Schultzz010