Situation of youth unemployment in Spain: Current challenges and proposals for improvement

KA3$ERASMUS+$ “Debates$on$Youth$on$the$Labour$Market”$ Çzestochowa$(Poland)$ 5-6$June$2017$ $ Situa&on)of)youth)unemployment)in)Spain:) Current)challenges)and)proposals)for) improvement) PhD.$$Juan$Carlos$Álvarez$Cortés$ Dpt.$Labour$Law$and$Social$Security$ University$of$Málaga$(Spain)$ Index) 1.$SituaUon$-$in$figures$-$of$the$level$of$youth$ unemployment$in$Spain,$itemized$by$sex$and$ academic$or$training$levels$ 2.$European$Council$RecommendaUons$in$its$ last$three$Reports$(2014,$2015$and$2016)$on$ the$ implementaUon$ of$ the$ Employment$ Guidelines$ derived$ of$ the$ European$ Strategy$ 2020$ 3.$ AcUve$ policies$ developed$ and$ in$ force,$ disUnguishing$among$ training,$ access$ to$ the$ labour$ market,$ entrepreneurship$ or$ self-employment$ and$ internaUonalizaUon$ 4.) Data$ on$ the$ use$ of$ these$ measures$ by$ Spanish$young$people$ 5.)IdenUficaUon$of$current$challenges$ 6.$Proposals$for$improvement$ 1.)SituaUon$-$in$figures$-$of$the$level$of$youth$unemployment$in$Spain,$itemized$by$ sex$and$age$ • Total) unemployment$ figures$ in$ Spain$ (Reference$ month:$February$2017):$3.750.876$ $ • Total$ unemployment$ figures$ for$ men) under) 30$ years$of$age:$306.698$(8,18%)$ $ • Total$ unemployment$ figures$ for$ women) under) 30$ years$of$age:$339.076$(9,03%)$$ $ • Unemployment$figures$for$men)between)16)and)25$ years$of$age:$155.516$(4,15%)$ $ • Unemployment$figures$for$women)between)16)and) 25$years$of$age:$146.117$(3,89%)$ $ • Unemployment$figures$for$men)between)25)and)30$ years$of$age:$151.182$(4,03%)$ $ • Unemployment$figures$for$women)between)25)and) 30$years$of$age:$192.959$(5,14%)$$ 2.$European$Council$RecommendaUons$in$its$last$three$Reports$(2014,$2015$and$ 2016)$on$the$implementaUon$of$the$Employment$Guidelines$derived$of$the$ European$Strategy$2020$ • Main)ideas)2014)Council)Recommenda&on) 1.$ Provide$ good$ quality$ offers$ of$ employment,$ apprenUceships$and$traineeships$ 2.$Implement$the$new$educaUonal$schemes$to$increase$ the$quality$of$primary$and$secondary$educaUon$ 3.$ Enhance$ guidance$ and$ support$ for$ groups$ at$ risk$ of$ early$school$leaving$ 4.$Enhance$the$cooperaUon$with$employers$and$ supporUng$the$training$of$trainers$and$tutors$ $ • Main)ideas)2015)Council)Recommenda&on) Take$ steps$ to$ increase$ the$ quality$ and$ effecUveness$ of$ job$search$assistance$and$counselling,$including$as$part$ of$tackling$youth$unemployment$ $ • Main)ideas)2016)Council)Recommenda&on) 1.$ Take$ further$ measures$ to$ improve$ labour$ market$ integraUon,$ by$ focusing$ on$ individualised$ support$ and$ strengthening$the$effecUveness$of$training$measures$$ 2.$Take$further$measures$to$improve$the$labour$market$ relevance$of$terUary$educaUon,$including$by$incenUvising$ cooperaUon$ between$ universiUes,$ firms$ and$ research$ insUtuUons$$ 3.$AcUve$policies$developed$and$in$force,$disUnguishing$among$ training,$access$to$the$labour$market,$entrepreneurship$or$self-employment$and$ internaUonalizaUon$(I)$ • TRAINING$ 1.)Part-&me)contract)with)a)forma&ve)aim:$ ReducUon$of$100%$of$the$Social$Security$fee$ for$enterprises$with$less$than$250$workers.$ When$the$companies$have$more$than$250$ workers,$the$reducUon$will$be$of$75%$(24$ months$max.)$ 2.)Training)Contract:$ReducUon$of$50%$of$the$ Social$Security$fee$throughout$the$term$of$the$ contract$ 3.)If)they)come)from)an)employment)agency) and)the)new)company)makes)a)permanent) contract:$1500€$of$reducUon$of$the$Social$ Security$fee$for$men$and$1800€$for$women$if$ they$have$had$a$contract$for$training$and$ learning.$500€$of$reducUon$of$the$Social$ Security$fee$for$men$and$700€$for$women$if$ they$have$had$a$contract$for$training.$ 3.$AcUve$policies$developed$and$in$force,$disUnguishing$among$ training,$access$to$the$labour$market,$entrepreneurship$or$self-employment$ and$internaUonalizaUon$(II)$ • ACCESS$TO$THE$LABOUR$MARKET$ 1.)Microenterprise)and)self-employed) that$hire$young$people$will$$ received$a$100%$reducUon$of$the$Social$$ Security$fees$during$12$months.$ 2.)Social)Economy)enterprises$that$hire$ young$people$will$receive$1650€/year$– during$the$first$year-$and$800€/year$– during$the$last$2$years-.$ 3.)Companies)that)make)permanent) contracts)to)young)people)who) procede)from)employment)agencies,$ will$receive$500€/year$for$each$man$ and$700€/year$for$each$woman$during$ 3$years.$$ $ 3.$AcUve$policies$developed$and$in$force,$disUnguishing$among$ training,$access$to$the$labour$market,$entrepreneurship$or$self-employment$and$ internaUonalizaUon$(III)$ • $ENTREPRENEURSHIP$OR$SELFEMPLOYMENT$ Young)men)under)30)years)and)women) under)35)years)will…) $ - $Have$to$pay$only$50€/month$–during$6$ months-$as$Social$Security$fee.$ $ - $Have$a$reducUon$of$80%$of$the$Social$ Security$fee$during$the$next$6$months.$ $ - $Have$a$reducUon$of$50%$of$the$Social$ Security$fee$during$the$next$6$months.$ $ - $Have$a$reducUon$of$30%$of$the$Social$ Security$fee$during$the$next$18$months.$$$ 3.$AcUve$policies$developed$and$in$force,$disUnguishing$among$ training,$access$to$the$labour$market,$entrepreneurship$or$self-employment$and$ internaUonalizaUon$(IV)$ • INTERNATIONALIZATION$ (Strategy)“Your)EURES-ESF)Job”)) It$is$a$project$of$the$State$Public$ Employment$Service$(SPES)$ cofinanced$by$the$ESF$to$provide$ financial$support$to$young$ unemployed$workers$to$perform$job$ interview$(s)$or$to$join$a$job,$learning$ or$pracUce$in$a$country$of$the$ European$Economic$Area$and$ Switzerland,$other$than$residence,$ and/or$to$undertake$a$language$ course$linked$to$the$needs$of$the$job.$ 4.)Data$on$the$use$of$these$measures$by$Spanish$young$people$ 2016)Employment)rate$increases$ among$people$aged$$between$40$and$ over,$and$it$is$reduced$among$people$ under$this$age.$The$largest$increased$is$ observed$in$the$group$out$of$$50-54$ years$(45.300$more$employees$than$ 2015)$and$the$biggest$drop$in$the$20-24$ years$(55.500$less$employees$than$ 2015).$ Employment)Rate)February)2017) 1.$Training:$3$ 2.$Access$to$the$labour$market:$$ Micro-small$enterprises:$2339$ Social$Economy:$4$ 3.$Self-employment:$9364) 4.$InternaUonalizaUon:$42$ $ $$