Desarrollo de un indicador para el seguimiento de los niveles de inundación en humedales Mediterráneos

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MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS 3.1. 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RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN /DWDEODPXHVWUDORVUHVXOWDGRVPHQVXDOHVGHOLQGLFDGRU H[SUHVDGRV FRPR VXSHUILFLH KHFWiUHDV \ JUDGR GH LQXQGDFLyQSRUFHQWDMHLQXQGDGR/RVKXPHGDOHVHQHO 'HSSUHVHQWDQXQDOWRJUDGRGHLQXQGDFLyQDORODUJR GHODxR(OSRUFHQWDMHGHLQXQGDFLyQPHQVXDOHVWiHQWUH HO\HOGXUDQWHHOSHULRGRGHHVWXGLRVLHQGRHO SURPHGLRDOUHGHGRUGHO&RPRHUDGHHVSHUDUORV QLYHOHVGHLQXQGDFLyQSDUHFHQHVWDULQIOXHQFLDGRVSRUOD HVWDFLRQDOLGDG GHO 0HGLWHUUiQHR (VWRV OOHJDQ D VX Pi[LPRGXUDQWHHOLQYLHUQRSUREDEOHPHQWHLQIOXHQFLDGR SRU OD OOXYLD \ OD SULPDYHUD FXDQGR VH SURGXFH OD LQXQGDFLyQGHORVFDPSRVGHDUUR]HQODUHJLyQ3$&$ 3RUFHQWDMHVPiVDOWRVGHLQXQGDFLyQVHGDQHQPD\RGH GLFLHPEUHGH\HQHURGH  Tabla 1.5HVXOWDGRVGHOLQGLFDGRUGHLQXQGDFLyQ H[SUHVDGRVFRPRVXSHUILFLHKD\SRUFHQWDMHLQXQGDGR Año Mes Area (ha) % Enero 52.022 49,68 Marzo 52.059 49,71 2001 Mayo 60.493 57,77 Julio 51.314 49,00 Octubre 50.504 48,23 Enero 53.789 51,37 Marzo 52.002 49,66 2007 Abril 53.339 50,94 Septiembre 49.147 46,93 Diciembre 53.910 51,48 Enero 53.939 51,51 Marzo 50.104 47,85 2012 Junio 51.870 49,53 Julio 49.186 46,97 Septiembre 48.130 45,96  /RVUHVXOWDGRVDQXDOHVGHOLQGLFDGRUWDEODPXHVWUDQ TXH HO DJXD FXEUH DO PHQRV HO  GH OD VXSHUILFLH LQYHQWDULDGD GXUDQWH HO SHUtRGR HVWXGLDGR (O YDORU Pi[LPR GH ODV LQXQGDFLRQHV HV QRWDEOH HQ HO FDVR GH  VLHQGR VLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWH PiV DOWRTXH ORV RWURV DxRV  IUHQWH D  &XDQGR VH FRQVLGHUD ODV LQXQGDFLRQHV HVWDFLRQDOHV 7RWDO DQXDO HO JUDGR GH LQXQGDFLyQ GH ORV KXPHGDOHV DXPHQWD FXEULHQGR DOUHGHGRUGHODOGHODVXSHUILFLHLQYHQWDULDGD Tabla 2.*UDGRDQXDOGHLQXQGDFLyQGHH[SUHVDGRV Año Mes Area (ha) % Media 53.278 50,88 2001 Máximo 60.493 57,77 Total anual 65.377 62,43 Media 52.437 50,08 2007 Máximo 53.910 51,48 Total anual 61.449 58,68 Media 50.646 48,36 2012 Máximo 53.939 51,51 Total anual 58.630 55,99  'HODVWUHVIRUPDVGHFDOFXODUHOLQGLFDGRUDQXDOHOYDORU PHGLRWLHQHOD PHQRUYDULDELOLGDGHQHOWLHPSR3RUHO FRQWUDULRHOWRWDODQXDOWLHQHODVPD\RUHVYDULDFLRQHV$O FRPSDUDUORVYDORUHVHQHOSHULRGRGHHVWXGLRVHREVHUYD XQDWHQGHQFLDDODEDMDVREUHWRGRHQHOFDVRGHO WRWDO DQXDO /RVQLYHOHV GHLQXQGDFLyQ VRQ XQ  PHQRU HQWUH\ (Q FXDQWR D OD IUHFXHQFLD WDEOD  ORV UHVXOWDGRV PXHVWUDQTXHODPD\RUSDUWHGHODVXSHUILFLHFRUUHVSRQGH D iUHDV TXH VLHPSUH HVWiQ LQXQGDGDV ODV FXDOHV UHSUHVHQWDQVREUHHOGHORVKXPHGDOHVLQYHQWDULDGRV HQ HO 'HS /RV UHVXOWDGRV PXHVWUDQ TXH PHQRV GHO GHORVKXPHGDOHVVHLQXQGDQVyORXQDYH]DODxR/D IUHFXHQFLDGHLQXQGDFLyQWDPELpQPXHVWUDXQDWHQGHQFLD D OD EDMD /DV ]RQDV LQXQGDGDV SHUPDQHQWHPHQWH PXHVWUDQXQGHVFHQVRGHOHQWUH\(Q HOFDVRGHODV]RQDVGHEDMDIUHFXHQFLDODGLVPLQXFLyQHV VLPLODU Tabla 3.$QiOLVLVGHIUHFXHQFLDGHLQXQGDFLyQ Año Frecuencia Area (ha) % 1 9.632 9,2 2 3.639 3,47 2001 3 3.481 3,32 4 4.086 3,9 5 44.539 42,53 1 6.549 6,25 2 3.011 2,88 2007 3 2.770 2,65 4 4.286 4,09 5 44.832 42,81 1 7.182 6,86 2 3.622 3,46 2012 3 2.541 2,43 4 3.547 3,39 5 41.737 39,86  /DILJXUDPXHVWUDXQHMHPSORGHOPDSDGHIUHFXHQFLD GHLQXQGDFLyQGHO315&HQHODxRMXQWRDOPRGHOR GLJLWDOGHOWHUUHQRSURGXFLGRSRUHO,QVWLWXWR1DFLRQDOGH *HRJUDItDGH)UDQFLD6HREVHUYDTXHORVKXPHGDOHVVH ORFDOL]DQSULQFLSDOPHQWHHQ]RQDVGHSRFDDOWLWXGGRQGH ODVLQXQGDFLRQHVVRQPXFKRPiVIUHFXHQWHV7DPELpQVH DSUHFLDTXHODViUHDVFHUFDQDV\FRQHFWDGDVDODFRVWDVRQ UHJLRQHVPiVLQXQGDGDVGHELGRDODVFRQWULEXFLRQHVGH ODVPDUHDV  KWWSRFVHEGFVLFHVLQGH[SKS$(7VFKHG&RQISUHVHQWDWLRQV     Figura 1. (MHPSORGHPDSDGHIUHFXHQFLDGHLQXQGDFLyQ 5. CONCLUSIONES (VWDLQYHVWLJDFLyQSURSRUFLRQDXQDYLVLyQJHQHUDOGHORV EHQHILFLRVGHXQLQGLFDGRUHVSDFLDOXWLOL]DQGRLPiJHQHV GH VDWpOLWH \ WpFQLFDV GH WHOHGHWHFFLyQ SDUD LGHQWLILFDU LQYHQWDULDU \ PRQLWRUHDU iUHDV GH LQXQGDFLyQ GH ORV KXPHGDOHV /DV LPiJHQHV /DQGVDW GH  P UHVXOWDQ HILFLHQWHVSDUDLGHQWLILFDUODVLQXQGDFLRQHV\HOFiOFXORGH OD VXSHUILFLH WRWDO RFXSDGD SRU HO DJXD (O XVR GH LPiJHQHVGHPD\RUFDOLGDGSRGUtDPHMRUDUODSUHFLVLyQ GHORVUHVXOWDGRVHQOD]RQDGHHVWXGLR (O HQIRTXH IXQFLRQD ELHQ SDUD ORV KXPHGDOHV SHUPDQHQWHVHQiUHDVSODQDVSHURQRWDQWRHQODV]RQDV FRQXQDWRSRJUDItDFRPSOHMDRFRQSHTXHxRVKXPHGDOHV $SHVDUGHHVWRDHVFDODUHJLRQDOWDQWRODVXSHUILFLHGHO DJXD GHWHFWDGD FRPR OD GLVWULEXFLyQ HVSDFLDO GH ORV KXPHGDOHV VH FRUUHVSRQGHQ HQ JUDQ PHGLGD FRQ ORV LQYHQWDULRV H[LVWHQWHV 3RU OR WDQWR ORV UHVXOWDGRV JHQHUDOHV SDUHFHQ DSURSLDGRV SDUD HVWLPDU HO JUDGR GH LQXQGDFLyQ GH ORV KXPHGDOHV D HVFDOD UHJLRQDO 6LQ HPEDUJRDHIHFWRVGHFRQWUROHVGHFLU SDUDGHWHFWDUH LQWHUSUHWDUORVFDPELRVHQORVKXPHGDOHVDORODUJRGHO WLHPSR VH QHFHVLWDQ PHMRUDV PHWRGROyJLFDV 3RU VX FRQVWUXFFLyQ HVWHLQGLFDGRU QHFHVLWD PXFKDV LPiJHQHV GH EXHQD FDOLGDG SDUD DQDOL]DU XQ DxR FRPSOHWR FRQ UHVXOWDGRV FRQILDEOHV (VWR SRGUtD VHU XQD OLPLWDFLyQ LPSRUWDQWH FXDQGR VH XWLOL]D OD PLVPD PHWRGRORJtD HQ RWURV iPELWRV FRPR OD SDUWH PRQWDxRVD GH OD UHJLyQ 3$&$TXHSUHVHQWDGLILFXOWDGHVGHELGRDODWRSRJUDItD\ DODPHWHRURORJtDSRUODDSDULFLyQGHVRPEUDVQXEHV\ QLHYH(VWRGLILFXOWDHODQiOLVLVGHODVLPiJHQHV\DTXH JHQHUDFRQIXVLRQHVHQHOSURFHVRGHFODVLILFDFLyQ*LOHV /DVOLPLWDFLRQHVHQODGLVWULEXFLyQWHPSRUDOGHODV LPiJHQHV GH VDWpOLWH WDPELpQ KDUtDQ GLItFLO FDOFXODU HO LQGLFDGRUSHULyGLFDPHQWHHQHVWHWLSRGHiUHDV /D DSOLFDFLyQ GH WHOHGHWHFFLyQ SRU UDGDU SDUD ORV GHSDUWDPHQWRVGHOQRUWHSRGUtDUHVROYHUDOJXQDVGHHVWDV OLPLWDFLRQHV/DVLPiJHQHVGHUDGDUSHUPLWHQGHWHFWDUOD KXPHGDGGHOVXHORHODJXD\ODQLHYHVLQSHUWXUEDFLyQGH QXEHV X RWURV DJHQWHV PHWHRUROyJLFRV ,QJJV \ /RUG  )XWXURV DQiOLVLV SRGUtDQ UHDOL]DUVH LQFOX\HQGR GDWRV FOLPiWLFRV FRPR OD SUHFLSLWDFLyQ 6HUtD SRVLEOH EXVFDU WHQGHQFLDV UHODFLRQDGDV FRQ HVWDV YDULDEOHV FOLPiWLFDVHOJUDGRGHLQXQGDFLyQ\HOWLSRGHKXPHGDO SDUDPHMRUDUORVUHVXOWDGRV\VXLQWHUSUHWDFLyQ 6. 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