Measurement of the B0–B0 and B0s–B0s production asymmetries in ppcollisions at √s=7 TeV

Physics Le e s B 739 (2014) 218–228 Con en s lis s a ailable a ScienceDi ec Physics Le e s B www.else ie .com/loca e/physle b Measu emen o he B0–B0and B0 s–B0 sp oduc ion asymme ies in pp collisions a √s=7TeV .LHCb Collabo a ion a i c l e i n o a b s a c A icle his o y: Recei ed 1 Augus 2014 Recei ed in e ised o m 23 Sep embe 2014 Accep ed 1 Oc obe 2014 A ailable online 31 Oc obe 2014 Edi o : L. Rolandi The B0–B0and B0 s–B0 sp oduc ion asymme ies, AP(B0)and AP(B0 s), a e measu ed by means o a ime- dependen analysis o B0→J/ψ K∗0, B0→D−π+and B0 s→D− sπ+decays, using a da a sample co esponding o an in eg a ed luminosi y o 1.0 b −1, collec ed by LHCb in pp collisions a a cen e- o -mass ene gy o 7 TeV. The measu emen s a e pe o med as a unc ion o ans e se momen um and pseudo apidi y o he B0and B0 smesons wi hin he LHCb accep ance. The p oduc ion asymme ies, in eg a ed o e pTand ηin he ange 4 <pT<30 GeV/cand 2.5 <η<4.5, a e de e mined o be AP(B0) =(−0.35 ±0.76 ±0.28)%and AP(B0 s) =(1.09 ±2.61 ±0.66)%, whe e he fi s unce ain ies a e s a is ical and he second sys ema ic. ©2014 The Au ho s. Published by Else ie B.V. This is an open access a icle unde he CC BY license (h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/3.0/). Funded by SCOAP3. 1. In oduc ion The p oduc ion a es o band ¯ bhad ons in pp collisions a e no expec ed o be iden ical. This phenomenon, commonly e e ed o as he p oduc ion asymme y, is ela ed o he ac ha he e can be coalescence be ween a pe u ba i ely p oduced bo ¯ bqua k and he uand d alence qua ks in he beam emnan . The e o e, one can expec a sligh excess in he p oduc ion o B+and B0 mesons wi h espec o B−and B0mesons, and e.g. o Λ0 bba yons wi h espec o Λ0 bba yons. As band ¯ bqua ks a e almos en- i ely p oduced in pai s ia s ong in e ac ions, he exis ence o B+ and B0p oduc ion asymme ies mus be compensa ed by opposi e p oduc ion asymme ies o o he B-meson and b-ba yon species. These asymme ies a e oughly es ima ed o be a he 1% le el o pp collisions a LHC ene gies, and a e expec ed o be enhanced a o wa d apidi ies and small ans e se momen a. O he sub- le e ec s o quan um ch omodynamics, beyond he coalescence be ween beau y qua ks and ligh alence qua ks, may also con- ibu e [1–3]. The p oduc ion asymme y is one o he key ing edien s o pe - o m measu emen s o CP iola ion in b-had on decays a he LHC, since CP asymme ies mus be disen angled om o he sou ces. The p oduc ion asymme y o B0and B0 smesons is defined as APB0 (s)≡σ(B0 (s))−σ(B0 (s)) σ(B0 (s))+σ(B0 (s)),(1) whe e σdeno es he p oduc ion c oss-sec ion. Simila asymme- ies a e also expec ed when p oducing cha med had ons. LHCb has al eady pe o med measu emen s o D+−D−and D+ s−D− s p oduc ion asymme ies, finding alues a ound he 1% le el o less [4,5]. In his pape , he alues o AP(B0)and AP(B0 s)a e cons ained by measu ing he oscilla ions o B0and B0 smesons wi h a ime- dependen analysis o he B0→J/ψ(μ+μ−)K∗0(K+π−), B0→ D−(K+π−π−)π+and B0 s→D− s(K+K−π−)π+decay a es, wi h- ou agging he ini ial fla ou o he decaying B0 (s)meson. The inclusion o cha ge-conjuga e decay modes is implied h oughou . The measu emen s a e pe o med as a unc ion o ans e se mo- men um, pT, and pseudo apidi y, η, o he B0 (s)meson wi hin he LHCb accep ance, and hen in eg a ed o e he ange 4 <pT< 30 GeV/cand 2.5 <η<4.5. 2. De ec o , igge and simula ion The LHCb de ec o [6] is a single-a m o wa d spec ome e co e ing he pseudo apidi y ange 2 <η<5, designed o he s udy o pa icles con aining bo cqua ks. The de ec o includes a high-p ecision acking sys em consis ing o a silicon-s ip e - ex de ec o su ounding he pp in e ac ion egion, a la ge-a ea silicon-s ip de ec o loca ed ups eam o a dipole magne wi h a bending powe o abou 4Tm, and h ee s a ions o silicon-s ip de ec o s and s aw d i ubes placed downs eam o he mag- ne . The acking sys em p o ides a measu emen o momen um wi h a ela i e unce ain y ha a ies om 0.4% a low momen- um o 0.6% a 100 GeV/c. The minimum dis ance o a ack o a p ima y e ex (PV), he impac pa ame e , is measu ed wi h h p://dx.doi.o g/10.1016/j.physle b.2014.10.005 0370-2693/©2014 The Au ho s. Published by Else ie B.V. This is an open access a icle unde he CC BY license (h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/3.0/). Funded by SCOAP3. LHCb Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 739 (2014) 218–228 219 a esolu ion o (15 +29/pT)μm, whe e pTis in GeV/c. Di e - en ypes o cha ged had ons a e dis inguished using in o ma ion om wo ing-imaging Che enko de ec o s. Pho on, elec on and had on candida es a e iden ified by a calo ime e sys em consis ing o scin illa ing-pad and p eshowe de ec o s, an elec omagne ic calo ime e and a had onic calo ime e . Muons a e iden ified by a sys em composed o al e na ing laye s o i on and mul iwi e p o- po ional chambe s. The igge consis s o a ha dwa e s age, based on in o ma ion om he calo ime e and muon sys ems, ollowed by a so wa e s age, which applies a ull e en econs uc ion. In he case o he B0→J/ψ K∗0decay, e en s a e fi s se- lec ed by a ha dwa e igge ha equi es muon candida es wi h pT>1.48 GeV/c. The subsequen so wa e igge is composed o wo s ages. The fi s s age pe o ms a pa ial e en econs uc- ion and equi es e en s o ha e wo well iden ified opposi ely cha ged muons, wi h in a ian mass la ge han 2.7GeV/c2. The second s age pe o ms a ull e en econs uc ion and only e ains e en s con aining a μ+μ−pai ha has in a ian mass wi hin 120 MeV/c2o he known J/ψ mass [7] and o ms a e ex ha is significan ly displaced om he nea es PV. In he case o B0→D−π+and B0 s→D− sπ+decays, e en s a e fi s selec ed by a ha dwa e igge equi ing a high ans- e se ene gy clus e in he calo ime e sys em. E en s passing he ha dwa e igge a e u he fil e ed by a so wa e igge which equi es a wo-, h ee- o ou - ack seconda y e ex wi h a la ge sum o pTo he acks and a significan displacemen om he PVs. Subsequen ly, a mul i a ia e algo i hm [8] is applied, aimed a iden i ying seconda y e ices, consis en wi h he decay o a b had on. Simula ed e en s a e used o de e mine he signal selec ion efficiency, accep ance as unc ion o decay ime, decay ime es- olu ion, and o model he backg ound. In he simula ion, pp col- lisions a e gene a ed using Py hia 6.4 [9] wi h a specific LHCb configu a ion [10]. The in e ac ion o he gene a ed pa icles wi h he de ec o , and i s esponse, a e implemen ed using he Gean 4 oolki [11] as desc ibed in Re . [12]. 3. Da a se and selec ion The selec ion o B0→J/ψ K∗0candida es is based on he e- cons uc ion o J/ψ →μ+μ−and K∗0→K+π−decays. The J/ψ candida es a e o med om wo opposi ely cha ged acks, iden- ified as muons, ha ing pT>500 MeV/cand o igina ing om a common e ex. The in a ian mass o his pai o muons mus lie in he ange 3030–3150 MeV/c2. The K∗0candida es a e o med om wo opposi ely cha ged acks, one iden ified as a kaon and he o he as a pion, o igina ing om a common e ex. I is e- qui ed ha he K∗0candida e has pT>1GeV/cand ha he in a ian mass lies in he ange 826–966 MeV/c2. The B0candida es a e econs uc ed om he J/ψ and K∗0 candida es, wi h he in a ian mass o he μ+μ−pai cons ained o he known J/ψ mass. They a e equi ed o ha e an in a ian mass in he ange 5150–5400 MeV/c2. The decay ime o he B0 candida e is calcula ed om a e ex and kinema ic fi ha con- s ains he candida e o o igina e om i s associa ed PV [13]. The χ2pe deg ee o eedom o he fi is equi ed o be less han 10. Only B0candida es wi h a decay ime g ea e han 0.2 ps a e e- ained. This lowe bound on he decay ime ejec s a la ge ac ion o he p omp combina o ial backg ound. In he case o B0→D−π+and B0 s→D− sπ+decays, he se- lec ion o he B-meson candida e is based on he econs uc ion o D−→K+π−π−and D− s→K+K−π−decays, espec i ely. Re- qui emen s a e made on he D− (s)decay p oduc s be o e combin- ing hem o o m a common e ex. The scala pTsum o he acks mus exceed 1.8 GeV/cand he maximal dis ance o clos- es app oach be ween all possible pai s o acks mus be less han 0.5 mm. The D− (s)candida e is equi ed o ha e a signifi- can fligh dis ance wi h espec o he associa ed PV, by equi ing a χ2g ea e han 36 compa ed o he ze o dis ance hypo he- sis. The masses o he D−and D− scandida es mus lie wi hin 1850–1890 MeV/c2and 1949–1989 MeV/c2, espec i ely. They a e subsequen ly combined wi h a ou h pa icle, he bachelo pion, o o m he B-meson decay e ices. The sum o he D− (s)and bach- elo pion pT alues mus be la ge han 5GeV/cand he decay ime o B-meson candida es mus be g ea e han 0.2 ps. The co- sine o he angle be ween he B-meson candida e momen um ec- o and he line segmen be ween he PV and B-meson candida e e ex is equi ed o be la ge han 0.999. Pa icle iden ifica ion (PID) selec ion c i e ia a e applied o he kaons and pions om he D− (s)candida e, and o he bachelo pion, in o de o educe he backg ound om o he B-meson decays wi h a misiden ified kaon o pion and om Λ0 bdecays wi h a misiden ified p o on o a negligible le el. A final selec ion is applied o he candida es ha sa is y he c i- e ia desc ibed abo e. I uses a mul i a ia e analysis me hod [14, 15], op imized sepa a ely o each o he h ee decay modes, o ejec he combina o ial backg ound. The a iables used in he se- lec ion o he Bdecay p oduc s a e he ans e se momen um and he impac pa ame e . Fo he Bcandida es he a iables em- ployed a e he ans e se momen um, he dis ance o fligh and he impac pa ame e . 4. Fi model Fo each signal and backg ound componen , he dis ibu ions o in a ian mass and decay ime o B-meson candida es a e mod- elled by app op ia e p obabili y densi y unc ions (PDFs). We con- side wo ca ego ies o backg ound: he combina o ial backg ound, due o he andom associa ion o acks, and he pa ially econ- s uc ed backg ound, due o decays wi h a opology simila o ha o he signal, bu wi h one o mo e pa icles no econs uc ed. The la e is p esen only o B0 (s)→D− (s)π+decays. 4.1. Mass model The signal componen o each decay is modelled con ol ing a double Gaussian unc ion wi h a unc ion pa ame e izing he final s a e adia ion. The PDF o he Bin a ian mass, m, is gi en by g(m)=AΘ(μ−m)(μ−m)s⊗G(m), (2) whe e Ais a no maliza ion ac o , Θis he Hea iside unc ion, Gis he sum o wo Gaussian unc ions wi h di e en wid hs and ze o mean, and μis he Bmeson mass. The pa ame e s ≃−0.99 go e ns he amoun o final s a e adia ion, and is de e mined using simula ed e en s o each o he h ee decay modes. The combina o ial backg ound is modelled by an exponen- ial unc ion o all final s a es. In he case o B0→D−π+and B0 s→D− sπ+decays, a backg ound componen due o pa ially e- cons uc ed B0and B0 sdecays is also p esen in he low in a ian mass egion. The main con ibu ions a e expec ed o come om decays wi h a missing γo π0: B0→D∗−(D−γ, D−π0)π+de- cays wi h D−→K+π−π−; B0→D−(K+π−π−)ρ+(π+π0)de- cays; B0 s→D∗− s(D− sγ, D− sπ0)π+decays wi h D− s→K+K−π−; B0 s→D− s(K+K−π−)ρ+(π+π0)decays. We pa ame e ize he pa ially econs uc ed componen s by means o a ke nel es ima ion echnique [16] based on in a ian mass dis ibu ions ob ained om ull simula ion, using he same selec ion as o da a. In he case o B0 s→D− sπ+decays, he e 220 LHCb Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 739 (2014) 218–228 is also a backg ound componen due o B0→D+ sπ−decays. We accoun o his componen in he fi s using he same pa ame e i- za ion adop ed o he signal. The B0→D+ sπ−yield is fixed using he a io be ween had oniza ion ac ions measu ed by LHCb [17, 18] and he wo ld a e age o b anching ac ions [7]. 4.2. Decay ime model The ime-dependen decay a e o a neu al B0 (s)o B0 (s)meson o a fla ou -specific o ¯ final s a e is gi en by he PDF h( ,ψ)=K(1−ψACP)(1−ψA ) ×e−Γ Λ+coshΓ 2+ψΛ−cos(m ) ⊗R( )( ), (3) whe e Kis a no maliza ion ac o , ( )is he accep ance as a unc- ion o he decay ime, R( )is he decay ime esolu ion unc ion, m ≡mH−mLand Γ ≡ΓL−ΓHa e he mass and decay-wid h di e ences o he B0 (s)−B0 (s)sys em mass eigens a es and Γis he a e age decay wid h. The subsc ip s H and Ldeno e he hea y and ligh eigens a es, espec i ely. The wo obse ables a e he decay ime and he ag o he final s a e ψ, which assumes he alues ψ=1i he final s a e is and ψ=−1i he final s a e is he CP conjuga e ¯ . The e ms Λ+and Λ−a e defined as Λ±≡(1−AP) q p 1−ψ ±(1+AP) q p −1−ψ ,(4) whe e pand qa e complex pa ame e s en e ing he defini ion o he wo mass eigens a es o he e ec i e Hamil onian in he B0 (s) sys em, p|B0 (s) ±q|B0 (s). The symbol APdeno es he p oduc ion asymme y o he gi en Bmeson, and A is he de ec ion asym- me y o he final s a e, defined in e ms o he and ¯ de ec ion efficiencies as A ≡¯ − ¯ + .(5) The di ec CP asymme y ACP is defined as ACP ≡ B(B0 (s)→¯ )−B(B0 (s)→ ) B(B0 (s)→¯ )+B(B0 (s)→ ).(6) T igge and e en selec ions lead o dis o ions in he shapes o he decay ime dis ibu ions. The signal decay ime accep ances a e de e mined om simula ed e en s. Fo each simula ed decay we apply igge and selec ion algo i hms as in eal da a. Conce ning he combina o ial and he pa ially econs uc ed backg ounds, empi ical pa ame e iza ions o he decay ime spec- a a e de e mined by s udying he low and high in a ian mass sidebands om da a. Pa ially econs uc ed backg ounds a e only p esen in he case o B0→D−π+and B0 s→D− sπ+decays. In he case o B0 s→D− sπ+decays, he addi ional backg ound componen due o B0→D+ sπ−decays is modelled using he same unc ional o m as ha o he B0 s→D− sπ+signal, and he alue o he p o- duc ion asymme y is fixed o ha ob ained om he B0→D−π+ fi . 4.3. Decay ime esolu ion The s a egy adop ed o s udy he decay ime esolu ion o he de ec o consis s o econs uc ing he decay ime o ake Bcandi- da es o med om a D−decaying o K+π−π−and a pion ack, Table 1 Values o he a ious physical inpu s used in he fi s. Pa ame e Value Re e ence md[ps−1]0.510 ±0.004 [7] ms[ps−1]17.768 ±0.024 [19] Γd[ps−1]0.6583 ±0.0030 [7] Γs[ps−1]0.6596 ±0.0046 [7] Γs[ps−1]0.081 ±0.011 [7] |q/p|B00.9997 ±0.0013 [20] |q/p|B0 s1.0003 ±0.0030 [21] bo h coming om he same PV. The bachelo pion mus be se- lec ed wi hou in oducing biases on he decay ime, hence only equi emen s on momen um and ans e se momen um a e ap- plied, a oiding he use o impac pa ame e a iables. The decay ime dis ibu ion o hese ake Bcandida es yields an es ima e o he decay ime esolu ion o a eal decay. In o de o alida e he me hod, simula ed e en s a e used o bo h signals and ake Bde- cays. The esolu ion is ound o be o e es ima ed by abou 4 s. This di e ence is aken in o accoun as a sys ema ic e ec . The simula ion also indica es ha a dependence o he esolu ion on he decay ime mus be conside ed. Taking his in o accoun , an a e age decay ime esolu ion o 49 ±8 sis es ima ed. A eso- lu ion model, R( ), consis ing o a iple Gaussian unc ion wi h ze o mean and h ee di e en wid hs, cha ac e ized by an a e - age wid h o 49 s, is used. The unce ain y o 8 s on he a e age wid h is aken in o accoun as a sys ema ic unce ain y. I is es i- ma ed om simula ion ha he measu emen o he decay ime is biased by no mo e han 2 s, and he e ec is accoun ed o as a sys ema ic unce ain y. 5. De e mina ion o he p oduc ion asymme ies The p oduc ion asymme y o each o he h ee decay modes is de e mined by means o a simul aneous fi o he in a ian mass and decay ime spec a. To accoun o he dependence o he p o- duc ion asymme ies on he kinema ics o he B0and B0 smesons, each da a sample mus be di ided in o bins o (pT, η), pe o ming he same fi o each bin. In o de o alida e he fi model, a se ies o fi s o he dis i- bu ions o e en s ob ained om as simula ions is used o e i y he accu acy o he cen al alues and he eliabili y o he unce - ain ies. No e idence o biases on cen al alues no o unce ain y mises ima ions is ound. Fu he mo e, a global fi o he o al sam- ple o selec ed e en s is pe o med o each o he h ee decay modes. The mass di e ences mdand ms, he mixing pa ame- e s |q/p|B0and |q/p|B0 s, he a e age decay wid hs Γdand Γs, and he wid h di e ence Γsa e fixed o he cen al alues o he measu emen s epo ed in Table 1. The wid h di e ence Γdis fixed o ze o. Acco ding o Eq. (3), o small alues o ACP and A , o fi s o de he decay a e is only sensi i e o he sum o hese wo quan i ies. Fo his eason, we fix ACP o ze o and lea e A as a ee pa ame e in he fi s. I is empi ically e ified ha he choice o di e en ACP alues, up o he ew pe cen le el, leads o negli- gible a ia ions o AP, as expec ed. Fig. 1 shows he J/ψ K+π−, K+π−π−π+and K+K−π−π+ in a ian mass and decay ime dis ibu ions, wi h he esul s o he global fi s o e laid. Fig. 2 shows he aw asymme ies, defined as he a ios be ween he di e ence and he sum o he o e all decay ime dis ibu ions, as a unc ion o decay ime o candida es in he signal mass egion. The signal yields, AP alues and de ec ion asymme ies ob ained om he global fi s a e epo ed in Table 2. The AP alues ob ained om he global fi s a e no well defined physical quan i ies, because efficiency co ec ions as a unc ion o LHCb Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 739 (2014) 218–228 221 Fig. 1. Dis ibu ions o (le ) in a ian mass and ( igh ) decay ime o ( op) B0→J/ψ K∗0, (middle) B0→D−π+and (bo om) B0 s→D− sπ+decays, wi h he esul s o he fi o e laid. The con ibu ions o he a ious backg ound sou ces a e also shown. Fig. 2. Time-dependen aw asymme ies o candida es in he (a) B0→J/ψ K∗0, (b) B0→D−π+and (c) B0 s→D− sπ+signal mass egions wi h he esul s o he global fi s o e laid. In (c) he asymme y is ob ained by olding he B0 sand B0 sdecay ime dis ibu ions in o one oscilla ion pe iod, and he o se 0=0.2 ps co esponds o he selec ion equi emen on he decay ime. 222 LHCb Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 739 (2014) 218–228 Fig. 3. Dis ibu ions o pTand η, whe e he backg ound componen s a e sub ac ed using he sPlo echnique [22], o (a) B0→J/ψ K∗0, (b) B0→D−π+and (c) B0 s→D− sπ+ decays. The defini ion o he a ious kinema ic bins is supe imposed. Table 2 Values o signal yields, AP, A and o he co ela ions ρ(AP, A )ob ained om global fi s. The smalle alue o he co ela ion in he B0 scase is due o he much la ge mixing equency o B0 smesons. Pa ame e B0→J/ψ K∗0B0→D−π+B0 s→D− sπ+ Nsig 93627 ±360 76682 ±308 16887 ±174 AP−0.0116 ±0.0063 −0.0058 ±0.0070 −0.0032 ±0.0166 A −0.0086 ±0.0046 −0.0151 ±0.0049 −0.0110 ±0.0086 ρ(AP,A )−0.65 −0.64 −0.01 pTand ηneed o be applied. They a e epo ed he e o illus a i e pu poses only. Fig. 3 shows he wo-dimensional dis ibu ions o (pT, η) o B0→J/ψ K∗0, B0→D−π+and B0 s→D− sπ+decays. The back- g ound componen s a e sub ac ed using he sPlo echnique [22] and he chosen defini ion o he a ious kinema ic bins is o e laid. Fo he wo B0decays we use a common se o bins, as epo ed in Table 3, in o de o allow a simple combina ion o he wo in- dependen APmeasu emen s. In he case o he B0→J/ψ K∗0, wo addi ional bins a small pTand la ge ηa e also defined. An accu a e knowledge o he decay ime esolu ion is impo an o B0 s→D− sπ+decay, due o he as oscilla ion o he B0 smeson. Fo his eason we de e mine he decay ime esolu ion using he me hod p e iously desc ibed, applied o e en s belonging o each (pT, η)bin, whe e a double Gaussian unc ion wi h ze o mean and alues o he wid hs depending on he gi en bin is used. 6. Sys ema ic unce ain ies Se e al sou ces o sys ema ic unce ain y ha a ec he de e - mina ion o he p oduc ion asymme ies a e conside ed. Fo he in- a ian mass model, he e ec s o he unce ain y on he shapes o all componen s (signals, combina o ial and pa ially econs uc ed backg ounds) a e in es iga ed. Fo he decay ime model, sys em- a ic e ec s ela ed o he decay ime esolu ion and accep ance a e s udied. The e ec s o he unce ain ies on he ex e nal inpu s used in he fi s, epo ed in Table 1, a e e alua ed by epea ing he fi s wi h each pa ame e a ied by ±1σ. Al e na i e pa ame e iza- Table 3 Combined alues o AP(B0) om B0→J/ψ K∗0and B0→D−π+decays, co esponding o he a ious kinema ic bins. The fi s unce ain ies a e s a is ical and he second sys ema ic. Fo comple eness, he alues ob ained ei he om B0→J/ψ K∗0o B0→D−π+decays a e also epo ed in he las wo columns, wi h s a is ical unce ain ies only. The alues o he las wo bins a e ob ained om B0→J/ψ K∗0decays alone. pT(GeV/c)ηAP(B0)AP(B0→J/ψ K∗0)AP(B0→D−π+) (1.0,4.0)(4.5,5.2)0.0016 ±0.0253 ±0.0016 0.0037 ±0.0260 −0.0331 ±0.1044 (1.0,4.0)(3.7,4.5)−0.0158 ±0.0162 ±0.0015 −0.0161 ±0.0170 −0.0130 ±0.0519 (2.0,4.0)(3.0,3.7)0.0055 ±0.0254 ±0.0016 0.0078 ±0.0271 −0.0114 ±0.0738 (4.0,12.0)(4.5,4.7)0.0160 ±0.0736 ±0.0067 −0.0489 ±0.0840 0.2353 ±0.1529 (4.0,7.0)(3.7,4.5)−0.0189 ±0.0158 ±0.0032 −0.0221 ±0.0184 −0.0099 ±0.0310 (4.0,7.0)(3.0,3.7)−0.0311 ±0.0132 ±0.0014 −0.0342 ±0.0160 −0.0245 ±0.0232 (4.0,7.0)(2.5,3.0)0.0556 ±0.0254 ±0.0020 0.0703 ±0.0324 0.0321 ±0.0408 (7.0,12.0)(3.7,4.5)−0.0145 ±0.0205 ±0.0027 −0.0364 ±0.0269 0.0161 ±0.0316 (7.0,12.0)(3.0,3.7)−0.0142 ±0.0111 ±0.0015 −0.0067 ±0.0173 −0.0196 ±0.0146 (7.0,12.0)(2.5,3.0)−0.0236 ±0.0138 ±0.0014 −0.0341 ±0.0228 −0.0175 ±0.0173 (7.0,12.0)(2.2,2.5)−0.0190 ±0.0348 ±0.0034 −0.0397 ±0.0623 −0.0096 ±0.0420 (12.0,30.0)(3.7,4.5)−0.0550 ±0.0473 ±0.0020 −0.0195 ±0.0649 −0.0951 ±0.0690 (12.0,30.0)(3.0,3.7)0.0067 ±0.0180 ±0.0021 −0.0193 ±0.0311 0.0199 ±0.0220 (12.0,30.0)(2.5,3.0)0.0177 ±0.0162 ±0.0023 0.0295 ±0.0314 0.0134 ±0.0190 (12.0,30.0)(2.0,2.5)−0.0018 ±0.0236 ±0.0020 0.0031 ±0.0485 −0.0033 ±0.0270 (0.2,1.0)(4.5,6.0)−0.0391 ±0.0501 ±0.0016 −0.0391 ±0.0501 – (1.0,2.2)(5.2,6.0)0.0523 ±0.0684 ±0.0025 0.0523 ±0.0684 – LHCb Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 739 (2014) 218–228 223 ions o he backg ound componen s a e also conside ed. To es i- ma e he con ibu ion o each single sou ce, we epea he fi o each (pT, η) bin a e ha ing modified he baseline fi model. The shi s om he ele an baseline alues a e aken as he sys ema ic unce ain ies. To es ima e a sys ema ic unce ain y ela ed o he pa ame e iza ion o final s a e adia ion e ec s on he signal mass dis ibu ions, he pa ame e so Eq. (2) is a ied by ±1σo he co esponding alue ob ained om fi s o simula ed e en s. A sys- ema ic unce ain y ela ed o he in a ian mass esolu ion model is es ima ed by epea ing he fi using a single Gaussian unc ion. The sys ema ic unce ain y ela ed o he pa ame e iza ion o he mass shape o he combina o ial backg ound is in es iga ed by eplacing he exponen ial unc ion wi h a s aigh line. Conce n- ing he pa ially econs uc ed backg ound, we assess a sys ema ic unce ain y by epea ing he fi s while excluding he low mass sideband, i.e. applying he equi emen s m >5.20 GeV/c2 o he B0→D−π+decays and m >5.33 GeV/c2 o B0 s→D− sπ+de- cays. To es ima e he unce ain y ela ed o he pa ame e iza ion o signal decay ime accep ances, di e en accep ance unc ions a e conside ed. E ec s o inaccu acies in he knowledge o he de- cay ime esolu ion a e es ima ed by escaling he wid hs o he baseline model o ob ain an a e age esolu ion wid h di e ing by ±8 s. Simula ion s udies also indica e ha he e is a small bias in he econs uc ed decay ime. The impac o such a bias is as- sessed by in oducing a co esponding bias o ±2 sin he decay ime esolu ion model. The de e mina ion o he sys ema ic unce ain ies ela ed o he |q/p|inpu alue needs a special ea men , as APis co ela ed wi h |q/p|. Fo his eason, any a ia ion o |q/p| u ns in o he same shi o APin each o he kinema ic bins. Such a co ela- ion is aken in o accoun when a e aging AP(B0)measu emen s om B0→J/ψ K∗0and B0→D−π+decays, o when in eg a ing o e pTand η. The alues o he sys ema ic unce ain ies ela ed o he knowledge o |q/p|a e 0.0013 in he case o AP(B0)and 0.0030 in he case o AP(B0 s). The dominan sys ema ic unce ain- ies o he B0→J/ψ K∗0decay a e ela ed o he signal mass shape and o |q/p|. Fo he B0→D−π+decay, he mos ele an sys ema ic unce ain ies a e ela ed o he signal mass shape and o he pa ially econs uc ed backg ound. Sys ema ic unce ain ies associa ed wi h he decay ime esolu ion and msa e he main sou ces o he B0 s→D− sπ+decay. 7. Resul s The alues o AP(B0)a e de e mined independen ly o B0→J/ψ K∗0and B0→D−π+decays in each kinema ic bin and hen a e aged. Table 3 epo s he final esul s. The o e all bin- by-bin ag eemen be ween he wo se s o independen AP(B0) measu emen s is e alua ed by means o a χ2 es , wi h a χ2=7 o 14 deg ees o eedom. The alues o AP(B0 s)de e mined om he B0 s→D− sπ+fi s a e epo ed in Table 4. The in eg a ion o e pTand ηo he bin-by-bin AP alues is pe o med wi hin he anges 4 <pT<30 GeV/cand 2.5 <η<4.5. The in eg a ed alue o APis gi en by AP=i Ni εiAP,i i Ni εi ,(7) whe e he index i uns o e he bins, Niis he numbe o signal e en s and εiis he efficiency, defined as he numbe o selec ed e en s di ided by he numbe o p oduced e en s in he i- h bin. The signal yield in each bin can be exp essed as Ni=L·σb¯ b·2· d(s)·B· i·εi,(8) Table 4 Values o AP(B0 s) om B0 s→D− sπ+decays, co esponding o he a ious kinema ic bins. The fi s unce ain ies a e s a is ical and he second sys ema ic. pT(GeV/c)ηAP(B0 s) (2,4)(3.0,5.0)−0.1475 ±0.0895 ±0.0192 (4,8)(3.5,4.5)−0.0471 ±0.0513 ±0.0112 (4,8)(2.5,3.5)0.0376 ±0.0467 ±0.0083 (8,12)(3.5,4.5)0.0582 ±0.0537 ±0.0053 (8,12)(2.5,3.5)0.0370 ±0.0332 ±0.0051 (12,30)(3.5,4.5)−0.0339 ±0.0750 ±0.0095 (12,30)(2.5,3.5)−0.0333 ±0.0309 ±0.0040 (8,30)(2.2,2.5)−0.0351 ±0.0485 ±0.0059 Table 5 Values o ωide e mined om simula ion and ωda a iex ac ed om da a using B0→ J/ψ K∗0decays in wo di e en binning schemes. The ωi alues and he di e ence be ween ωiand ωda a i alues a e used o de e mine he in eg a ed esul s and o e alua e he ela ed sys ema ic unce ain ies, espec i ely. pT(GeV/c)ηω iωda a i (4,7)(3.7,4.5)0.1698 ±0.0008 0.1946 ±0.0025 (4,7)(3.0,3.7)0.2432 ±0.0009 0.2396 ±0.0036 (4,7)(2.5,3.0)0.2222 ±0.0009 0.1976 ±0.0051 (7,12)(3.7,4.5)0.0662 ±0.0006 0.0789 ±0.0016 (7,12)(3.0,3.7)0.1129 ±0.0007 0.1129 ±0.0045 (7,12)(2.5,3.0)0.1150 ±0.0007 0.1002 ±0.0019 (12,30)(3.7,4.5)0.0113 ±0.0003 0.0160 ±0.0007 (12,30)(3.0,3.7)0.0276 ±0.0004 0.0307 ±0.0028 (12,30)(2.5,3.0)0.0318 ±0.0004 0.0296 ±0.0025 (4,8)(3.5,4.5)0.2667 ±0.0009 0.3064 ±0.0020 (4,8)(2.5,3.5)0.4766 ±0.0009 0.4644 ±0.0030 (8,12)(3.5,4.5)0.0564 ±0.0005 0.0640 ±0.0015 (8,12)(2.5,3.5)0.1295 ±0.0008 0.0873 ±0.0019 (12,30)(3.5,4.5)0.0175 ±0.0003 0.0238 ±0.0008 (12,30)(2.5,3.5)0.0532 ±0.0005 0.0541 ±0.0027 whe e Lis he in eg a ed luminosi y, σb¯ bis he b¯ bc oss sec- ion, d(s)is he B0 (s)had oniza ion ac ion, iis he ac ion o Bmesons p oduced in he i- h bin and Bis he b anching ac ion o he Bdecay. By subs i u ing Ni/εi om Eq. (8) in o Eq. (7), he in eg a ed alue o APbecomes AP= i ωiAP,i,(9) whe e ωi= i/ i i. The alues o ωia e de e mined using sim- ula ed e en s. The di e ence be ween he alues o ωip edic ed by Py hia o B0and B0 smesons is ound o be negligible, i he same bins in pTand ηwould be used. These alues a e also ex- ac ed om da a using B0→J/ψ K∗0decays. In his case ωda a iis measu ed as ωda a i=Ni ε ec i j Nj ε ec j ,(10) whe e Niis he yield in he i- h bin and ε ec iis o al econs uc ion efficiency. The alues o ε ec ia e de e mined using bo h simula ed e en s and da a con ol samples. The alues o ωiand ωda a i, sum- ma ized in Table 5, exhibi sys ema ic di e ences a he 10% le el. The di e ence in he cen al alue be ween AP(B0→J/ψ K∗0) calcula ed using ei he ωio ωda a iis ound o be 0.0024 using he B0binning scheme, and 0.0034 using he B0 sbinning scheme. These alues a e assigned as sys ema ic unce ain ies o AP(B0) and AP(B0 s). Table 6 summa izes he sys ema ic unce ain ies as- socia ed wi h he in eg a ed measu emen s. In he fi s ow, he combined sys ema ic unce ain ies es ima ed in each bin, as de- sc ibed in he p e ious sec ion, a e epo ed. Using Eq. (9), he in eg a ed measu emen s o AP(B0) o B0→J/ψ K∗0and B0→D−π+decays a e ound o be 224 LHCb Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 739 (2014) 218–228 Fig. 4. Dependence o ( op) AP(B0)and (bo om) AP(B0 s)on (le ) pTand ( igh ) η. The e o ba s include bo h s a is ical and sys ema ic unce ain ies. Table 6 Absolu e alues o sys ema ic unce ain ies. The o al sys ema ic unce ain ies a e ob ained by summing he indi idual con ibu ions in quad a u e. Sou ce Unce ain y AP(B0)AP(B0 s) Combined sys ema ic unce ain ies om bin s udies 0.0004 0.0048 Unce ain y on |q/p|0.0013 0.0030 Di e ence be ween ωiand ωda a i0.0024 0.0034 To al 0.0028 0.0066 Table 7 Values o he p oduc ion asymme y AP(B0)in bins o pTand η om B0→ J/ψ K∗0and B0→D−π+decays. The fi s unce ain ies a e s a is ical and he sec- ond sys ema ic. Va iable Bin AP(B0) pT(GeV/c)(4,7)0.0033 ±0.0111 ±0.0028 (7,12)−0.0167 ±0.0084 ±0.0028 (12,30)0.0001 ±0.0130 ±0.0029 η(2.5,3.0)0.0264 ±0.0161 ±0.0030 (3.0,3.7)−0.0232 ±0.0093 ±0.0028 (3.7,4.5)−0.0203 ±0.0125 ±0.0021 APB0→J/ψ K∗0=−0.0033 ±0.0096 (s a )±0.0028 (sys ), APB0→D−π+=−0.0038 ±0.0124 (s a )±0.0029 (sys ), which lead o he a e age APB0=−0.0035 ±0.0076 (s a )±0.0028 (sys ). The in eg a ed alue o AP(B0 s)is APB0 s=0.0109 ±0.0261 (s a )±0.0066 (sys ). Finally, he dependencies o AP(B0)and AP(B0 s)on pT, ob ained by in eg a ing o e η, and on η, ob ained by in eg a ing o e pT, a e shown in Fig. 4. The co esponding nume ical alues a e epo ed in Tables 7 and 8. Table 8 Values o he p oduc ion asymme y AP(B0 s)in bins o pTand η om B0 s→D− sπ+ decays. The fi s unce ain ies a e s a is ical and he second sys ema ic. Va iable Bin AP(B0 s) pT(GeV/c)(4,8)0.0069 ±0.0351 ±0.0067 (8,12)0.0435 ±0.0283 ±0.0039 (12,30)−0.0334 ±0.0296 ±0.0038 η(2.5, 3.5) 0.0315 ±0.0342 ±0.0060 (3.5, 4.5) −0.0286 ±0.0412 ±0.0088 8. Conclusions The p oduc ion asymme ies o B0and B0 smesons ha e been measu ed in pp collisions a √s=7TeVwi hin he accep ance o he LHCb de ec o , using a da a sample co esponding o an in eg a ed luminosi y o 1.0 b −1. The measu emen s ha e been pe o med in bins o pTand η, and p o ide cons ain s ha can be used o es di e en models o B-meson p oduc ion. Fu he mo e, once in eg a ed using app op ia e weigh s o any econs uc ed B0 (s)decay mode, hey can be used o de i e e ec i e p oduc ion asymme ies, as inpu s o CP iola ion measu emen s wi h he LHCb de ec o . The alues o he p oduc ion asymme ies in eg a ed in he anges 4 <pT<30 GeV/cand 2.5 <η<4.5ha e been de e mined o be APB0=(−0.35 ±0.76 ±0.28)%, APB0 s=(1.09 ±2.61 ±0.66)%, whe e he fi s unce ain ies a e s a is ical and he second sys em- a ic. No clea e idence o dependences on he alues o pTand η has been obse ed. Acknowledgemen s We exp ess ou g a i ude o ou colleagues in he CERN ac- cele a o depa men s o he excellen pe o mance o he LHC. We hank he echnical and adminis a i e s a a he LHCb ins i- u es. We acknowledge suppo om CERN and om he na ional LHCb Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 739 (2014) 218–228 225 agencies: CAPES, CNPq, FAPERJ and FINEP (B azil); NSFC (China); CNRS/IN2P3 (F ance); BMBF, DFG, HGF and MPG (Ge many); SFI (I eland); INFN (I aly); FOM and NWO (The Ne he lands); MNiSW and NCN (Poland); MEN/IFA (Romania); MinES and FANO (Rus- sia); MinECo (Spain); SNSF and SER (Swi ze land); NASU (Uk aine); STFC (Uni ed Kingdom); NSF (USA). The Tie 1 compu ing cen- es a e suppo ed by IN2P3 (F ance), KIT and BMBF (Ge many), INFN (I aly), NWO and SURF (The Ne he lands), PIC (Spain), G idPP (Uni ed Kingdom). We a e indeb ed o he communi ies behind he mul iple open sou ce so wa e packages on which we de- pend. 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Cunli e 53, R. Cu ie 50, C. D’Amb osio 38, J. Dalseno 46, P. Da id 8, P.N.Y. Da id 41, A. Da is 57, K. De B uyn 41, S. De Capua 54, M. De Cian 11, J.M. De Mi anda 1, L. De Paula 2, W. De Sil a 57, P. De Simone 18, D. Decamp 4, M. Deckenho 9, L. Del Buono 8, N. Déléage 4, D. De kach 55, 226 LHCb Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 739 (2014) 218–228 O. Deschamps 5, F. De o i 38, A. Di Can o 38, H. Dijks a 38, S. Donlea y 52, F. Do dei 11, M. Do igo 39, A. Dosil Suá ez 37, D. Dosse 48, A. Do bnya 43, K. D eimanis 52, G. Dujany 54, F. Dupe uis 39, P. Du an e 38, R. Dzhelyadin 35, A. Dziu da 26, A. Dzyuba30, S. Easo 49,38, U. Egede 53, V. Ego yche 31, S. Eidelman 34, S. Eisenha d 50, U. Ei schbe ge 9, R. Ekelho 9, L. Eklund 51, I. El Ri ai 5, Ch. Elsasse 40, S. Ely 59, S. Esen 11, H.-M. E ans 47, T. E ans 55, A. Falabella 14, C. Fä be 11, C. Fa inelli 41, N. Fa ley 45, S. Fa y 52, R.F. Fay 52, D. Fe guson 50, V. Fe nandez Albo 37, F. Fe ei a Rod igues 1, M. Fe o-Luzzi 38, S. Filippo 33, M. 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