Effect of a four-way rotating device to the electric energy production with solar cell

EFFECT OF A FOUR-WAY ROTATING DEVICE TO THE ELECTRIC ENERGY PRODUCTION WITH SOLAR CELL Is án Ba ha, D . János Tó h, D . Géza Husi Uni e si y o Deb ecen, Facul y o Enginee ing, Depa men o Elec ical Enginee ing and Mecha onics [email p o ec ed], [email p o ec ed], [email p o ec ed] Keywo ds: sola cell, ene gy u iliza ion, o o de ice. Abs ac : Nowadays on he o he hand he dec ease o he ene gy s o e o he Ea h is ge ing people on one hand o u ilize ene gy consciously and o en i onmen al p o ec ion and on he o he hand expe s a e a emp ing o in oduce new al e na i e ene gy sou ces. The e a e mo e and mo e wind powe plan s and plan s used o p oducing bio- uel a e cul i a ed in a pe manen ly inc easing a ea. The healing e ec and espec o he sun ha e been known o a long ime, bu he lining o i s ene gy indus y and households used o equi e such a echnical de elopmen which was ealized only in he las decades. The Eu opean Union has ha dly con en ional ene gy sou ces: bo h na u al gas and c ude oil a e mos ly impo ed. Acco ding o he essay [1] conce ning ene gy needs , esp. di e en kinds o uel he ene gy impo dependency is p esumably inc easing un il 2030. The e o e shall be examined wha kind o ene gy o ene gy sou ce can be used o di e en pu poses and whe e an ene gy sou ce o lowe quali y can also sa is y ene gy needs, al e na i e ene gy sou ces shall be used in he u u e. Fo p epa ing his conc e e measu emen s shall be ca ied ou k [2.]. The Uni e si y o Deb ecen, Enginee ing acul y, Elec ic Enginee ing and Mecha onic Ins i u e and P oke -Plusz B . has begun a esea ch o de eloping a cheap sola cell, esp sola collec o sca olding being able o o a e and il on he basis o an inno a ion con ac (Fig. 1). Acco ding o he coope a ion ag eemen o hese wo o ganiza ions sola cell o a ing sys em has been pu up in he cou o he Enginee ing Facul y. The Elec ic Enginee ing and Mecha onic Ins i u e has designed and ins alled he elec onics ollowing he posi ion o he sun bo h e ically and ho izon ally in he case o sun-shine. Figu e 1. Las phases o he ins alla ion The esea ch began on July 15, 2010 when he o a ing elec onics had jus been ec i ied and 7 pcs KS 180 mono-c ys al sola cells had been ins alled. The heo e ically ANNALS o he ORADEA UNIVERSITY. Fascicle o Managemen and Technological Enginee ing, Volume X (XX), 2011, NR1 3.1 achie able maximum capaci y is 1260 Wp, he a ailable in e e is SB 1100 (Pki=1100 W) and so he whole capaci y can no be achie ed a all o can only be achie ed in ce ain cases (app op ia e sun-shine a a low ex e io empe a u e). The esea ch was inished on Feb ua y 25, 2011 The o a ing sys em’s pe iod ollowing he posi ion o he sun al e na ed wi h p esen se ings and acco ding o he changes o seasons e ically be ween 20 and 30 minu es and ho izon ally be ween 15 and 20 minu es. The di e en on al passages ook place as a esul o changes o he adia ion ene gy and alling angle o he sun acco ding o he change o seasons. The ime o ollowing he posi ion o he sun can be dec eased, bu his has no posi i e e ec o elec ic ene gy p oduc ion. The quan i y o elec ic ene gy used o o a ion can be measu ed, bu i is no a ele an alue o ene gy p oduc ion ( able 1.). The measu emen o consumed ene gy showed app eciable da a on in he case po sunny wea he . Da e S a ing o p oduc ion. Finishing o p oduc ion Sunny wea he Cloudy kWh Used. Wh Wp 28-07-2010 05h.51min. 19h.31min. 13h.40min. 1.341 13 638 31-07-2010 05h.48min. 19h.40min. 13h.52min. 0 6.125 112 1004 12-08-2010 05h37min. 19h.19min. 13h.42min. 7.283 114 926 12-10-2010 07h.10min. 17h.42min. 10h32min. 6.210 81 938 18-11-2010 08h.06min. 15h.10min. 7h.04min. 0.033 0 11 24-01-2011 07h.44min. 16h.09min. 08h.25min. 3.379 45 951 23-02-2011 07h.02min 16h.49min. 09h.47min. 4.431 54 758 Cha 1. Da a measu ed du ing he o a ion o he o a ing de ice P oduced elec ic ene gy 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 28-07- 2010 31-07- 2010 12-08- 2010 12-10- 2010 18-11- 2010 24-01- 2011 23-02- 2011 Da e kWh Figu e 2. P oduced elec ic ene gy ANNALS o he ORADEA UNIVERSITY. Fascicle o Managemen and Technological Enginee ing, Volume X (XX), 2011, NR1 3.2 Own consump ion o he o a ing sys em 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 28-07- 2010 31-07- 2010 12-08- 2010 12-10- 2010 18-11- 2010 24-01- 2011 23-02- 2011 Da e Wh Figu e 3. Own consump ion o he o a ing sys em Maximum capaci y o sola cells 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 28-07- 2010 31-07- 2010 12-08- 2010 12-10- 2010 18-11- 2010 24-01- 2011 23-02- 2011 Da e Wp Figu e 4. Maximum capaci y o sola cells The compa ison o he daily p oduced elec ic ene gy quan i y was ca ied ou wi h wo di e en me hods. Fi s me hod: on consecu i e days in au oma ic plan , while in he second me hod he p oduc ion was measu ed in an op imum angle. The esea ch has p o ed ha he e was no di e ence o daily p oduced elec ic ene gy quan i ies i on consecu i e days he wea he did no signi ican ly changed (as a as a e age empe a u e, maximum empe a u e, s eam con en o ai and cloud o ma ion p e en ing sun.-shine ( able 2.). Da e S a ing o p oduc ion. S a ing o measu emen . End o p oduc ion End o measu emen kWh Used. Wh 05-08-2010 05h.38min. 161.690 KWh 19h.01min. 166.935 KWh 5.245 111 07-08-2010 05h.48min. 171.275 KWh 19h.50min. 176.634 KWh 5.339 104 Cha 2. Elec ic ene gy p oduced du ing he ope a ion o he o a ing de ice ANNALS o he ORADEA UNIVERSITY. Fascicle o Managemen and Technological Enginee ing, Volume X (XX), 2011, NR1 3.3 Elec ic ene gy p oduc ion measu ed du ing he ix (op imal) ope a ion o he o a ing de ice in an angle o 35° ( able 3.) Da e S a ing p oduc ion S a ing measu emen End o p oduc ion End o measu emen kWh Used. Wh 04-08-2010 05h.33min. 157.310 KWh 19h.21min. 161.690 KWh 4.380 0 08-08-2010 05h.40 min. 176.634 KWh 19h.34min. 181.344 KWh 4.610 0 Cha 3. Elec ic ene gy quan i y p oduced in he case o op imum se ing o he o a ing de ice Elec ic ene gy p oduced by o a ed and ixed sola cells 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 05-08-2010 07-08-2010 04-08-2010 08-08-2010 Da e kWh Figu e 5. Elec ic ene gy p oduced by o a ed and ixed sola cells -1 Compa ison o elec ic ene gy quan i ies used 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 05-08-2010 07-08-2010 04-08-2010 08-08-2010 Da e Wh Figu e 6. Compa ison o elec ic ene gy quan i ies used by di e en measu emen me hods -1 ANNALS o he ORADEA UNIVERSITY. Fascicle o Managemen and Technological Enginee ing, Volume X (XX), 2011, NR1 3.4 U 8ilizing he esul s o he double and iple able he di e ence be ween he elec ic ene gy quan i y p oduced by modules se in a alling angle ega ded ideal in Hunga y and sun posi ion ollowing sys em. Da e Ro a ed Fix P oduced kWh Consump ion kWh Di e ence kWh pe cen 04-05-2010 no yes 4.680 0 4.680 87.47% 05-08-2010 yes no 5.145 111 5.034 100% 07-08-2010 yes no 5.439 104 5.335 100% 08-08-2010 no yes 4.610 0 4.610 86,41% 22-09-2010 yes no 7.364 121 7.243 100% 23-09-2010 no yes 6.121 0 6.121 84.5% 16-01-2011 no yes 2.123 0 2.123 88,40% 17-01-2011 yes no 2.482 72 2.410 100% Cha 4. Compa ison o ene gy quan i ies Elec ic ene gy p oduced by o a ed and ixed sola cells 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 04-05- 2010 05-08- 2010 07-08- 2010 08-08- 2010 22-09- 2010 23-09- 2010 16-01- 2011 17-01- 2011 Da e kWh Figu e 7. Elec ic ene gy p oduced by o a ed and ixed sola cells -2 The calcula ed di e ence al e ed be ween 84.5 and 88.4 % acco ding o he app eciable esul s o measu emen s in he case o ixed se ing, i I ega d he elec ic ene gy quan i y p oduced du ing he ope a ion o he o a ing sys em 100 % . The p esen ed da a a e he esul o indi idual selec ions, on he basis o which only da a acqui ed unde pe sonal supe ision ha e been u ilized o calcula ions. Howe e , his does no mean ha measu emen s condi ions (o icial me eo ological measu emen s) a e he same. ANNALS o he ORADEA UNIVERSITY. Fascicle o Managemen and Technological Enginee ing, Volume X (XX), 2011, NR1 3.5 Compa ison o elec ic ene gy quan i ies used 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 04-05- 2010 05-08- 2010 07-08- 2010 08-08- 2010 22-09- 2010 23-09- 2010 16-01- 2011 17-01- 2011 Dá um Wh Figu e 8. Compa ison o elec ic ene gy quan i ies used by di e en measu emen me hods -2 In ano he possible measu emen me hod he posi ion o sola cell modules has been changed in ce ain pe iods be ween he ixed posi ion and he o he one he ollowing he posi ion o he sun [3.]. The measu emen s we e ca ied ou on wo cloudless day in Feb ua y be ween 8 o’clock in he mo ning and 16 e e y hou s. F om hese da a could only be concluded o di e ences be ween maximum capaci ies ( able 5.). Cha 5. Compa ison o momen a y capaci ies Da e/measu emen 8 hou 9 hou 10 hou 11 hou 12 hou 13 hou 14 hou 07-02-2011 ix 35 Wp 112 Wp 476 Wp 860 Wp 931 Wp 832 Wp 342 Wp 07-02-2011 o a ed 35 Wp 548 Wp 770 Wp 890 Wp 931 Wp 888 Wp 724 Wp 15-02-2011 o a ed 19 Wp 675 Wp 982 Wp 1017 Wp 1103 Wp 1004 Wp 945 Wp 15-02-2011 ix 19 Wp 201 Wp 543 Wp 934 Wp 1113 Wp 956 Wp 543 Wp Da e/measu emen s 15 hou 16 hou 07-02-2011 ix 116 Wp 33 Wp 07-02-2011 o a ed 346 Wp 34 Wp 15-02-2011 o a ed 667 Wp 266 Wp 15-02-2011 ix 287 Wp 54 Wp ANNALS o he ORADEA UNIVERSITY. Fascicle o Managemen and Technological Enginee ing, Volume X (XX), 2011, NR1 3.6 Compa ison o momen a y capaci ies 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 8 hou 9 hou 10 hou 11 hou 12 hou 13 hou 14 hou 15 hou 16 hou 07-02-2011 Wp Fix Ro a ed Figu e 9. Feb ua y 07, 2011 Compa ison o momen a y capaci ies Compa ison o momen a y capaci ies 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 8 hou 9 hou 10 hou 11 hou 12 hou 13 hou 14 hou 15 hou 16 hou 15-02-2011 Wp Fix Ro a ed Figu e 10. Feb ua y 15, 2011 Compa ison o momen a y capaci ies ANNALS o he ORADEA UNIVERSITY. Fascicle o Managemen and Technological Enginee ing, Volume X (XX), 2011, NR1 3.7 Summa y These a e he esul s o esea ches aking six mon hs. The geog aphical posi ion o he o a ing de ice placed in he cou o he Uni e si y did no co espond o ideal ci cums ances, because he shadow su ounding buildings in luenced he esul s o measu emen s in any pe iod o he day. This in luence is mainly cha ac e is ic in he mo ning and a e noon. Because o hese in luen ial ac o s such aspec s we e aken in o accoun du ing he esea ch o he elec ic ene gy quan i y p oduced o o be p oduced, in which he e we e no changeable ex e io ci cums ances dis o ing he measu ed da a. On he basis o measu emen s and calcula ions ca ied ou be o e can be es ablished ha sola cells moun ed on o a o a ing sys em can p oduce 20 o 25 % mo e elec ic ene gy han ones in ixed posi ion. The esul s o measu emen s acqui ed in a whole yea a e needed o ca ying ou inal and au hen ic measu emen s as well as i is wo h posi ioning he de ice o a ing sola cells a an en i onmen wi hou shadow. Fo e alua ing compa able da a p ecise and au hen ic da a (humidi y, empe a u e, sola adia ion pa ame e s) shall be aken in o accoun . As a esul o he esea ch he Sol esk sys em was pu on he ma ke some days ago and i can al eady be o de ed. The p oduc was pu on he ma ke sho ly a e he inishing o he esea ch. The publica ion o his a icle has been suppo ed by he applica ion HURO/0802/155_AF „Hunga ian-Romanian Resea ch and De elopmen Pla o m suppo ing he es ablishmen o in elligen buildings. Re e ences: 1. Kalmá Fe enc, Kalmá Tünde: Ene gy class, building s uc u e and sola gains, Jou nal o Ha bin Ins i u e o Technology (New Se ies) Volume 14, Issue SUPPL., Janua y 2007, Pages 81-84 ISSN: 10059113 2. János Tó h (edi ion) A Napelem ől A-Z-ig (Abou sola cell om A o Z) Uni e si y o Deb ecen, Enginee ing Facul y – CEZE KFT. ISBN 978-963-88614-4-3 2009. 69-91 o. 3. D . János Tó h, D . Fe enc Kalmá , D . Géza Husi Napelem, a jö ő ene gia o ása (The sola cell as he ene gy sou ce o he u u e) 140 p. Uni e si y o Deb ecen, Enginee ing Facul y – CEZE KFT 2010. ISBN: 978-963-88614-8-1 ANNALS o he ORADEA UNIVERSITY. Fascicle o Managemen and Technological Enginee ing, Volume X (XX), 2011, NR1 3.8