La conexión ferroviaria de alta velocidad del sudoeste europeo

Be e anspo links o Eu ope — Succeeding h ough coo dina ion July 2008 A se ies o high-speed ail lines will link ci ies in Spain and Po ugal o he F ench high-speed ne wo k and will connec he Ibe ian peninsula o he es o he EU in wha will be a majo boos o he Eu opean anspo ne wo k. T a el imes will be d as ically educed hanks o his ‘sou h-wes Eu opean high-speed ail link’: a el be ween Lisbon and Mad id will be slashed by eigh hou s, a el be ween Mad id and Ba celona will be cu by well o e hal , and Mad id will be — by he end o 2012 — wi hin ou hou s by ail o he F ench bo de . A majo bene i o he p ojec will be o educe CO2 emissions by shi ing eigh om oad o ail and passenge s om ai o ail. P io i y p ojec 3 o he ans-Eu opean anspo ne wo k (TEN-T) consis s o high-speed lines om Po o o Lisbon and om Lisbon o Mad id. F om Mad id, he e will be wo b anches — A lan ic and Medi e anean — connec ing o he F ench high-speed ail ne wo k (see map on page 3). The A lan ic b anch o which he eigh aspec o he p ojec is pa icula ly impo an — connec s Mad id– Vi o ia–I ún/Hendaye–Dax–Bo deaux–Tou s and hen joins he exis ing Pa is–Tou s high-speed line. The Medi e anean b anch links Mad id–Za agoza–Ba celona–Figue as– Pe pignan–Mon pellie –Nîmes and hen joins he exis ing Pa is–Lyon–Ma seille/Nîmes high-speed line. The sou h-wes Eu opean high-speed ail link The p ojec aces nume ous challenges, including in pa icula achie ing in e ope abili y o he ne wo ks, as Spain and Po ugal use a di e en ack gauge compa ed o he es o Eu ope. In addi ion, he e a e se e al issues ega ding c oss- bo de connec ions be ween Spain and F ance and di e en ime ables o cons uc ion in he wo coun ies, as well as o he complica ions wi h cons uc ion in ce ain a eas. The o al cos o he p ojec is expec ed o be EUR 50.6 billion which will include he cons uc ion and upg ade o almos 3 800 km o ack as well as se e al unnels. Fac ile: TEN-T p io i y p ojec 3 (1) Dis ance 3 753 km P e ious jou ney ime Lisbon–Mad id (2) 10 h 40 min Mad id–Ba celona (2) 6 h 50 min P ojec ed jou ney ime Lisbon–Mad id (2) 2 h 45 min Mad id–Ba celona (2) 2 h 38 min Es ima ed inal comple ion da e 2020 To al p ojec ed app oxima e cos EUR 50.6 billion (1) Figu es aken om ‘TEN-T implemen a ion o p io i y p ojec s — p og ess epo , May 2008’. (2) Rou es lis ed by way o example — he p ojec also includes o he ou es © Eu opean Commission/Alain Ba on © SNCF KO 81 07 106 EN D Fac Shee PP03_080820.indd 3Fac Shee PP03_080820.indd 3 20/08/08 17:11:3020/08/08 17:11:30 Wha does he p ojec in ol e? High-speed acks capable o speeds o 250 km/h will be laid along all sec ions o he sou h-wes Eu opean high-speed ail link. Fo he Medi e anean b anch, i in ol es he cons uc ion o new lines be ween Mad id and Ba celona and con inuing o Figue as o connec o he F ench ail sys em in Nîmes. In F ance, he main p io i y will be he new line be ween Nîmes and Mon pellie , due o comple ion by 2013, as well as a ail bypass, mainly o eigh , designed o alle ia e one o he main bo lenecks on his line. A new Mon pellie –Pe pignan high- speed line is planned o be comple ed by 2020. On he A lan ic b anch, om Mad id o Valladolid, a new high-speed line has been pu in o se ice. The u u e connec ion o Vi o ia/I ún — he so-called ‘Basque Y’ — is unde cons uc ion and will connec o he F ench high-speed line. In F ance, he plan is o ha e high-speed ail ex ending om Dax o Bo deaux by 2020 and om Bo deaux o Tou s by 2016 and connec ing o he exis ing high-speed line. A line linking Mad id o Lisbon and Po o is also being planned. The new ack will allow o d ama ically educed a el imes. The p e ious Lisbon–Mad id jou ney o 10 hou s 40 minu es will be slashed o 2 hou s 45 minu es. Challenges The sou h-wes Eu opean high-speed ail link aces se e al key challenges, such as he exis ence o a di e en ail gauge on he Ibe ian peninsula which makes achie ing in e ope abili y be ween he new ack and exis ing ack mo e complica ed. P oblems ha e also a isen in Ba celona due o conce ns abou he ou e impac ing on sensi i e a eas o cul u al impo ance. These conce ns ha e led o signi ican delays in comple ing he Mad id–Ba celona sec ion. The e a e also complica ions in he a ea o Figue as/Gi ona, whe e he cons uc ion o he line could be mo e han h ee yea s behind schedule. The bo de -c ossing sec ion Pe pignan–Figue as — which is being buil and which will be managed h ough a public–p i a e pa ne ship — is p oceeding acco ding o plan. Howe e , due o he delays a ound Figue as/Gi ona, he p ojec is likely o be unde used o se e al yea s. Mee he coo dina o : É ienne Da ignon Belgian É ienne Da ignon was named Eu opean coo dina o o he sou h-wes Eu opean high-speed ail link in July 2005. He se ed as EU Commissione wi h esponsibili y o indus y om 1977 o 1985. He has also wo ked a he In e na ional Ene gy Agency and has se ed as Belgian o eign a ai s minis e . ‘The sou h-wes Eu opean high-speed ail link is essen ial o ensu ing he con inui y o he ans-Eu opean ailway ne wo k,’ Da ignon said in his 2007 p og ess epo . © Shu e s ock Fac Shee PP03_080820.indd 4Fac Shee PP03_080820.indd 4 20/08/08 17:11:3120/08/08 17:11:31 Luxembou g Pa is Lyon Bo deaux Tou s Dax San Sebas ián I ún/Hendaye Ta agona Ba celona Figue as Pe pignan Bézie s Mon pellie Nîmes A ignon Bilbao Valladolid Palencia Salamanca Po o A ei o Lei ia Viseu Cáce es Toledo Badajoz Ma seille Mad id Lisboa Be n Za agoza Lé ida Vi o ia Bu gos É o a Se úbal Angoulème Th e sou h -wes Eu opean h ig h -spee d ai l l in k Wha will be he bene i s? The p ojec will signi ican ly inc ease he Ibe ian peninsula’s access o F ance and o he es o Eu ope, and ice e sa. This, indeed, is he main aim o he p ojec . Mo eo e , a el imes wi hin Spain and Po ugal will be g ea ly educed. The p e iously 10 hou s 40 minu e jou ney ime be ween Lisbon and Mad id will be slashed o 2 hou s 45 minu es. T a el be ween Mad id and Ba celona will be educed om 6 hou s 50 minu es o 2 hou s 38 minu es. The new line will ope a e on he s anda d Eu opean gauge ack, as opposed o he Ibe ian, wide gauge ack, bene i ing a elle s and anspo ope a o s alike. The e will no longe be a need o change ains a he F ench/Spanish bo de , making a el much as e and easie . F eigh anspo will be he main bene icia y, in pa icula o he c oss-bo de connec ions. Gauges will no ha e o be swi ched, no will eigh need o be ans e ed om ail o oad, as is equen ly done now o sa e ime and money. This will signi ican ly educe anspo imes be ween F ance and Spain. The p ojec is also expec ed o b ing impo an en i onmen al gains. Inc eased ail eigh capaci y is an icipa ed, which will allow o a signi ican educ ion o CO2 emissions compa ed wi h he cu en si ua ion in which oad domina es eigh ope a ions. P io i y sec ion C oss-bo de sec ion Bo leneck A wha s age is he wo k? Comple ed Ongoing To s a be o e 2010 To s a be ween 2010 and 2013 To s a a e 2013 Fac Shee PP03_080820.indd 5Fac Shee PP03_080820.indd 5 20/08/08 17:11:3720/08/08 17:11:37 Wha is he p og ess so a ? Signi ican p og ess has been made on se e al sec ions o he p ojec . On he Medi e anean b anch, he sec ion be ween Mad id and Ba celona became ope a ional on 20 Feb ua y 2008. Wo k con inues on he Pe pignan–Figue as c oss-bo de sec ion. The sec ion is scheduled o be inished in Feb ua y 2009 and much o he ci il enginee ing wo k on bo h sides has al eady been comple ed. On he A lan ic b anch, he Mad id–Valladolid sec ion, which includes a 28 km unnel, was inaugu a ed on 22 Decembe 2007. Wo k on he ‘Basque Y’ has al eady begun and he en i e sec ion is scheduled o be inished in 2013. S udies s ill need o be comple ed o he Spanish–F ench bo de c ossing a Dax. Public consen o he Dax–Bo deaux line is o eseen o a ound 2011–12. Conce ning he Mad id–Lisbon/Po o line, anspo minis e s om bo h Spain and Po ugal ha e s a ed ha he comple ion o he line is o high impo ance. When comple ed, he p ojec will undoub edly bene i he ans-Eu opean anspo ne wo k, and he Ibe ian peninsula, g ea ly, making bo h passenge a el and eigh anspo as e and easie and educing CO2 emissions in he p ocess. Fo he comple e 2006 and 2007 annual epo s on his p ojec , see: h p://ec.eu opa.eu/ en/ anspo /coo dina o s/index_en.h m © Eu opean Communi ies, 2008 Rep oduc ion is au ho ised p o ided he sou ce is acknowledged. Published by: Di ec o a e-Gene al o Ene gy and T anspo Eu opean Commission, B-1049 B ussels h p://ec.eu opa.eu/dgs/ene gy_ anspo /index_en.h ml © Eu opean Commission/Alain Ba on KO-81-07-106-EN-D Fac Shee PP03_080820.indd 2Fac Shee PP03_080820.indd 2 20/08/08 17:11:2620/08/08 17:11:26