body { margin: 0; background: #f3f4f6; overflow-x: hidden; }
    #page-container { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; overflow: visible; max-width: 100%; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk { display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 100%; margin: 0 auto 24px auto; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: visible; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk-content { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk style { display: none !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-placeholder { width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 12px auto; padding: 18px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; color: #6b7280; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; text-align: center; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded { min-height: 0 !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded > .scieee-lazy-placeholder { display: none; }
    .pf { margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; }
  



/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Base CSS for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
/* Part 1: Web Page Layout: Free to modify, except for a few of them which are required by pdf2htmlEX.js, see the comments */
#sidebar { /* Sidebar */
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:250px;
  padding:0;
  margin:0px;
  overflow:auto;
}
#page-container { /* PDF container */
  position:absolute; /* required for calculating relative positions of pages in pdf2htmlEX.js */
  top:0;
  left:0px;
  margin:0; 
  padding:0;
  border:0; /* required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test) */
}
@media screen {
  /* for sidebar */
  #sidebar.opened + #page-container { left:250px; }
  #page-container {
    /* `bottom' and `right' are required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test)
     * alternatively you may set width and height
     */
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
    overflow:auto;
  }
  .loading-indicator {
    display:none;
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    display:block;
    position:absolute;
    width:64px;
    height:64px;
    top:50%;
    left:50%;
    margin-top:-32px;
    margin-left:-32px;
  }
  .loading-indicator img {
    position:absolute;
    top:0;
    left:0;
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
  }
}
@media print { 
  @page { margin:0; }
  html { margin:0; }
  body { 
    margin:0; 
    -webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; /* enable printing background images for WebKit */
  }
  #sidebar { display:none; }
  #page-container {
    width:auto;
    height:auto;
    overflow:visible;
    background-color:transparent;
  }
  .d { display:none; }
}
/* Part 2: Page Elements: Modify with caution
 * The followings are base classes, some of which are meant to be override by PDF specific classes
 * So do not increase the specificity (e.g. ".classname" -> "#page-container .classname")
 */
.pf { /* page */
  position:relative;
  background-color:white;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin:0; 
  border:0; /* required by pdf2htmlEX.js for page visibility test */
}
.pc { /* content of a page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
  /* set transform-origin for scaling */
  transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 0%;
}
.pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
  display:block;
}
.bf { /* images that occupies the whole page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
.bi { /* images that cover only a part of the page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
@media print {
  .pf {
    margin:0;
    box-shadow:none;
    page-break-after:always;
    page-break-inside:avoid;
  }
  @-moz-document url-prefix() {
    /* fix page truncation for FireFox */
    .pf {
      overflow:visible;
      border:1px solid #FFFFFF;
    }
    .pc {overflow:visible;}
  }
}
.c { /* clip box */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
}
.t { /* text line */
  position:absolute;
  white-space:pre;
  font-size:1px;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override;/* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
  -moz-font-feature-settings:"liga" 0;/* We don't want Firefox to recognize ligatures */
}
.t:after { /* webkit #35443 */
  content: '';
}
.t:before { /* Workaround Blink(up to 41)/Webkit bug of word-spacing with leading spaces (chromium #404444 and pdf2htmlEX #412) */
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
}
.t span { /* text blocks within a line */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with negative word-spacing and inline-block (pdf2htmlEX #416), so keep normal span inline. */
  position:relative;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override; /* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
}
._ { /* text shift */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with inline element, continuous spaces and word-spacing. Workaround by inline-block. */
  display: inline-block;
  color: transparent;
  z-index: -1;
}
/* selection background should not be opaque, for fallback mode */
::selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
::-moz-selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
.pi { /* info for Javascript */
  display:none;
}
.l { /* annotation links */
}
/* transparent color - WebKit */
.d { /* css drawing */
  position:absolute;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
}
/* for the forms */
.it {
  border: none;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.0);
}

.ir:hover {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Base CSS END */





/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Fancy styles for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
@keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@-webkit-keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@keyframes swing {
  0%  { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@-webkit-keyframes swing {
  0%  { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@media screen { 
  #sidebar {
    background-color:#2f3236;
    /* modified from http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#crossstripes */
    background-image:url("scieee-document-assets/asset_278c76fec4fbf2399910664b.svg");
  }
  #outline {
    font-family:Georgia,Times,"Times New Roman",serif;
    font-size:13px;
    margin:2em 1em;
  }
  #outline ul {
    padding:0;
  }
  #outline li {
    list-style-type:none;
    margin:1em 0;
  }
  #outline li > ul {
    margin-left: 1em;
  }
  #outline a,
  #outline a:visited,
  #outline a:hover,
  #outline a:active {
    line-height:1.2;
    color:#e8e8e8;
    text-overflow:ellipsis;
    white-space:nowrap;
    text-decoration:none;
    display:block;
    overflow:hidden;
    outline:0;
  }
  #outline a:hover {
    color:rgb(0,204,255);
  }
  #page-container {
    background-color:#9e9e9e;
    /* http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#thinstripes */
    background-image: url("scieee-document-assets/asset_c60347c0de373fe817019620.svg");
    -webkit-transition:left 500ms;
    transition:left 500ms;
  }
  .pf {
    margin: 13px auto;
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px 1px #333;
    /* Needed by IE to make box-shadow works * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow */
    border-collapse: separate;
  }
  .pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
    -webkit-animation: fadein 100ms;
    animation: fadein 100ms; 
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    /* 
     * use 0.01s instead of 0s,
     * since YUI Compressor will change 0s to 0,
     * which is not recognized by Firefox
     */
    -webkit-animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
    animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
  }
  .checked {
    background: no-repeat url(scieee-document-assets/asset_58a067f15ffcfc2435a4b346.png);
  }
}
/* Fancy CSS END */





.ff0{font-family:sans-serif;visibility:hidden;}
@font-face{font-family:ff1;src:url('chunks/assets/font_abec5fe36d5959284f93d25e.woff2')format("woff");}.ff1{font-family:ff1;line-height:0.910156;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff2;src:url('chunks/assets/font_ad81043ef7b59fd931fb6809.woff2')format("woff");}.ff2{font-family:ff2;line-height:0.675293;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff3;src:url('chunks/assets/font_2c56ecde3b02496ef3e208c9.woff2')format("woff");}.ff3{font-family:ff3;line-height:0.910645;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
.m0{transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000px;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:-0.629280px;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:-0.508896px;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:-0.481536px;}
.lsd{letter-spacing:-0.459648px;}
.lse{letter-spacing:-0.417312px;}
.ls11{letter-spacing:-0.381024px;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:-0.361152px;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:-0.338688px;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:-0.320544px;}
.lsb{letter-spacing:-0.302400px;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:-0.260064px;}
.lsa{letter-spacing:-0.241920px;}
.ls10{letter-spacing:-0.223776px;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:-0.207936px;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:-0.175392px;}
.lsc{letter-spacing:-0.157248px;}
.lsf{letter-spacing:-0.145152px;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:0.000000px;}
.sc_{text-shadow:none;}
.sc0{text-shadow:-0.015em 0 transparent,0 0.015em transparent,0.015em 0 transparent,0 -0.015em  transparent;}
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){
.sc_{-webkit-text-stroke:0px transparent;}
.sc0{-webkit-text-stroke:0.015em transparent;text-shadow:none;}
}
.ws3{word-spacing:-15.120000px;}
.ws7{word-spacing:-14.974848px;}
.ws6{word-spacing:-14.962752px;}
.wsa{word-spacing:-14.944608px;}
.ws9{word-spacing:-14.896224px;}
.ws5{word-spacing:-14.878080px;}
.ws4{word-spacing:-14.859936px;}
.ws1{word-spacing:-14.799456px;}
.ws2{word-spacing:-14.781312px;}
.ws0{word-spacing:-13.171104px;}
.ws8{word-spacing:0.000000px;}
._1{margin-left:-1.028160px;}
._0{width:1.149120px;}
.fc0{color:rgb(0,0,0);}
.fs0{font-size:54.720000px;}
.fs2{font-size:60.480000px;}
.fs1{font-size:72.000000px;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000px;}
.y6{bottom:6.540000px;}
.yd{bottom:23.940000px;}
.y21{bottom:24.180000px;}
.y2d{bottom:24.360000px;}
.y11{bottom:24.420000px;}
.y9{bottom:24.600000px;}
.y1a{bottom:24.780000px;}
.y31{bottom:24.840000px;}
.y27{bottom:25.020000px;}
.y15{bottom:25.260000px;}
.yb{bottom:36.900000px;}
.y33{bottom:37.140000px;}
.y45{bottom:37.320000px;}
.yf{bottom:37.380000px;}
.y17{bottom:37.560000px;}
.y2f{bottom:37.800000px;}
.y34{bottom:37.980000px;}
.y13{bottom:38.220000px;}
.yc{bottom:49.860000px;}
.y1f{bottom:50.100000px;}
.y2b{bottom:50.280000px;}
.y10{bottom:50.340000px;}
.y8{bottom:50.520000px;}
.y30{bottom:50.760000px;}
.y25{bottom:50.940000px;}
.y14{bottom:51.180000px;}
.y5{bottom:52.500000px;}
.y4{bottom:59.040000px;}
.y36{bottom:63.900000px;}
.y29{bottom:75.780000px;}
.y2c{bottom:75.840000px;}
.y20{bottom:76.020000px;}
.y3a{bottom:76.260000px;}
.y23{bottom:76.440000px;}
.y26{bottom:76.860000px;}
.y49{bottom:117.000000px;}
.y39{bottom:118.500000px;}
.y42{bottom:142.500000px;}
.y1d{bottom:157.500000px;}
.y41{bottom:181.500000px;}
.y48{bottom:183.000000px;}
.y38{bottom:210.000000px;}
.y1c{bottom:222.000000px;}
.y32{bottom:223.500000px;}
.y40{bottom:247.500000px;}
.y1b{bottom:286.500000px;}
.y2e{bottom:288.000000px;}
.y37{bottom:301.500000px;}
.y3f{bottom:312.000000px;}
.y47{bottom:313.500000px;}
.y3e{bottom:351.000000px;}
.y19{bottom:352.500000px;}
.y2a{bottom:354.000000px;}
.y46{bottom:378.000000px;}
.y35{bottom:391.500000px;}
.y18{bottom:418.500000px;}
.y44{bottom:444.000000px;}
.y28{bottom:445.500000px;}
.y3d{bottom:456.000000px;}
.y16{bottom:483.000000px;}
.y3c{bottom:495.000000px;}
.y43{bottom:508.500000px;}
.y24{bottom:535.500000px;}
.y12{bottom:547.500000px;}
.y3b{bottom:574.500000px;}
.ye{bottom:613.500000px;}
.y22{bottom:627.000000px;}
.ya{bottom:679.500000px;}
.y1e{bottom:718.500000px;}
.y4a{bottom:726.480000px;}
.y7{bottom:744.000000px;}
.y3{bottom:820.440000px;}
.y2{bottom:835.920000px;}
.y1{bottom:851.400000px;}
.h3{height:24.000000px;}
.h1{height:37.994063px;}
.h9{height:39.000000px;}
.h5{height:42.022969px;}
.h2{height:47.988281px;}
.h4{height:64.500000px;}
.h6{height:66.000000px;}
.h7{height:90.000000px;}
.h8{height:91.500000px;}
.h0{height:918.000000px;}
.w1{width:12.000000px;}
.w2{width:61.500000px;}
.w6{width:165.000000px;}
.w5{width:166.500000px;}
.w4{width:168.000000px;}
.w3{width:283.500000px;}
.w7{width:334.500000px;}
.w0{width:1188.000000px;}
.x0{left:0.000000px;}
.x7{left:7.500000px;}
.xa{left:8.520000px;}
.x4{left:108.000000px;}
.x6{left:109.500000px;}
.x8{left:171.000000px;}
.x9{left:453.000000px;}
.x2{left:539.347320px;}
.xb{left:621.000000px;}
.x3{left:667.979640px;}
.x1{left:734.675400px;}
.xc{left:787.500000px;}
.x5{left:1069.500000px;}
@media print{
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000pt;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:-0.559360pt;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:-0.452352pt;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:-0.428032pt;}
.lsd{letter-spacing:-0.408576pt;}
.lse{letter-spacing:-0.370944pt;}
.ls11{letter-spacing:-0.338688pt;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:-0.321024pt;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:-0.301056pt;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:-0.284928pt;}
.lsb{letter-spacing:-0.268800pt;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:-0.231168pt;}
.lsa{letter-spacing:-0.215040pt;}
.ls10{letter-spacing:-0.198912pt;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:-0.184832pt;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:-0.155904pt;}
.lsc{letter-spacing:-0.139776pt;}
.lsf{letter-spacing:-0.129024pt;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:0.000000pt;}
.ws3{word-spacing:-13.440000pt;}
.ws7{word-spacing:-13.310976pt;}
.ws6{word-spacing:-13.300224pt;}
.wsa{word-spacing:-13.284096pt;}
.ws9{word-spacing:-13.241088pt;}
.ws5{word-spacing:-13.224960pt;}
.ws4{word-spacing:-13.208832pt;}
.ws1{word-spacing:-13.155072pt;}
.ws2{word-spacing:-13.138944pt;}
.ws0{word-spacing:-11.707648pt;}
.ws8{word-spacing:0.000000pt;}
._1{margin-left:-0.913920pt;}
._0{width:1.021440pt;}
.fs0{font-size:48.640000pt;}
.fs2{font-size:53.760000pt;}
.fs1{font-size:64.000000pt;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000pt;}
.y6{bottom:5.813333pt;}
.yd{bottom:21.280000pt;}
.y21{bottom:21.493333pt;}
.y2d{bottom:21.653333pt;}
.y11{bottom:21.706667pt;}
.y9{bottom:21.866667pt;}
.y1a{bottom:22.026667pt;}
.y31{bottom:22.080000pt;}
.y27{bottom:22.240000pt;}
.y15{bottom:22.453333pt;}
.yb{bottom:32.800000pt;}
.y33{bottom:33.013333pt;}
.y45{bottom:33.173333pt;}
.yf{bottom:33.226667pt;}
.y17{bottom:33.386667pt;}
.y2f{bottom:33.600000pt;}
.y34{bottom:33.760000pt;}
.y13{bottom:33.973333pt;}
.yc{bottom:44.320000pt;}
.y1f{bottom:44.533333pt;}
.y2b{bottom:44.693333pt;}
.y10{bottom:44.746667pt;}
.y8{bottom:44.906667pt;}
.y30{bottom:45.120000pt;}
.y25{bottom:45.280000pt;}
.y14{bottom:45.493333pt;}
.y5{bottom:46.666667pt;}
.y4{bottom:52.480000pt;}
.y36{bottom:56.800000pt;}
.y29{bottom:67.360000pt;}
.y2c{bottom:67.413333pt;}
.y20{bottom:67.573333pt;}
.y3a{bottom:67.786667pt;}
.y23{bottom:67.946667pt;}
.y26{bottom:68.320000pt;}
.y49{bottom:104.000000pt;}
.y39{bottom:105.333333pt;}
.y42{bottom:126.666667pt;}
.y1d{bottom:140.000000pt;}
.y41{bottom:161.333333pt;}
.y48{bottom:162.666667pt;}
.y38{bottom:186.666667pt;}
.y1c{bottom:197.333333pt;}
.y32{bottom:198.666667pt;}
.y40{bottom:220.000000pt;}
.y1b{bottom:254.666667pt;}
.y2e{bottom:256.000000pt;}
.y37{bottom:268.000000pt;}
.y3f{bottom:277.333333pt;}
.y47{bottom:278.666667pt;}
.y3e{bottom:312.000000pt;}
.y19{bottom:313.333333pt;}
.y2a{bottom:314.666667pt;}
.y46{bottom:336.000000pt;}
.y35{bottom:348.000000pt;}
.y18{bottom:372.000000pt;}
.y44{bottom:394.666667pt;}
.y28{bottom:396.000000pt;}
.y3d{bottom:405.333333pt;}
.y16{bottom:429.333333pt;}
.y3c{bottom:440.000000pt;}
.y43{bottom:452.000000pt;}
.y24{bottom:476.000000pt;}
.y12{bottom:486.666667pt;}
.y3b{bottom:510.666667pt;}
.ye{bottom:545.333333pt;}
.y22{bottom:557.333333pt;}
.ya{bottom:604.000000pt;}
.y1e{bottom:638.666667pt;}
.y4a{bottom:645.760000pt;}
.y7{bottom:661.333333pt;}
.y3{bottom:729.280000pt;}
.y2{bottom:743.040000pt;}
.y1{bottom:756.800000pt;}
.h3{height:21.333333pt;}
.h1{height:33.772500pt;}
.h9{height:34.666667pt;}
.h5{height:37.353750pt;}
.h2{height:42.656250pt;}
.h4{height:57.333333pt;}
.h6{height:58.666667pt;}
.h7{height:80.000000pt;}
.h8{height:81.333333pt;}
.h0{height:816.000000pt;}
.w1{width:10.666667pt;}
.w2{width:54.666667pt;}
.w6{width:146.666667pt;}
.w5{width:148.000000pt;}
.w4{width:149.333333pt;}
.w3{width:252.000000pt;}
.w7{width:297.333333pt;}
.w0{width:1056.000000pt;}
.x0{left:0.000000pt;}
.x7{left:6.666667pt;}
.xa{left:7.573333pt;}
.x4{left:96.000000pt;}
.x6{left:97.333333pt;}
.x8{left:152.000000pt;}
.x9{left:402.666667pt;}
.x2{left:479.419840pt;}
.xb{left:552.000000pt;}
.x3{left:593.759680pt;}
.x1{left:653.044800pt;}
.xc{left:700.000000pt;}
.x5{left:950.666667pt;}
}




    .paper-inline-ad { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 13px auto; max-width: 100%; min-height: 120px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; overflow: hidden; }
    .paper-inline-ad-label { padding: 6px 10px 0 10px; font: 10px system-ui, sans-serif; color: #9ca3af; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; }
    .paper-inline-ad-slot { min-height: 100px; }
    .paper-inline-ad--internal { padding: 0; }
    .paper-internal-promo { padding: 14px 16px 16px 16px; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; line-height: 1.45; color: #374151; }
    .paper-internal-promo-title { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 800; color: #111827; margin-bottom: 7px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-body { margin-bottom: 12px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions a { display: inline-block; padding: 7px 10px; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none; color: #111827; background: #f9fafb; font-weight: 700; }