body { margin: 0; background: #f3f4f6; overflow-x: hidden; }
    #page-container { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; overflow: visible; max-width: 100%; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk { display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 100%; margin: 0 auto 24px auto; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: visible; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk-content { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk style { display: none !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-placeholder { width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 12px auto; padding: 18px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; color: #6b7280; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; text-align: center; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded { min-height: 0 !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded > .scieee-lazy-placeholder { display: none; }
    .pf { margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; }
  



/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Base CSS for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
/* Part 1: Web Page Layout: Free to modify, except for a few of them which are required by pdf2htmlEX.js, see the comments */
#sidebar { /* Sidebar */
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:250px;
  padding:0;
  margin:0px;
  overflow:auto;
}
#page-container { /* PDF container */
  position:absolute; /* required for calculating relative positions of pages in pdf2htmlEX.js */
  top:0;
  left:0px;
  margin:0; 
  padding:0;
  border:0; /* required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test) */
}
@media screen {
  /* for sidebar */
  #sidebar.opened + #page-container { left:250px; }
  #page-container {
    /* `bottom' and `right' are required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test)
     * alternatively you may set width and height
     */
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
    overflow:auto;
  }
  .loading-indicator {
    display:none;
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    display:block;
    position:absolute;
    width:64px;
    height:64px;
    top:50%;
    left:50%;
    margin-top:-32px;
    margin-left:-32px;
  }
  .loading-indicator img {
    position:absolute;
    top:0;
    left:0;
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
  }
}
@media print { 
  @page { margin:0; }
  html { margin:0; }
  body { 
    margin:0; 
    -webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; /* enable printing background images for WebKit */
  }
  #sidebar { display:none; }
  #page-container {
    width:auto;
    height:auto;
    overflow:visible;
    background-color:transparent;
  }
  .d { display:none; }
}
/* Part 2: Page Elements: Modify with caution
 * The followings are base classes, some of which are meant to be override by PDF specific classes
 * So do not increase the specificity (e.g. ".classname" -> "#page-container .classname")
 */
.pf { /* page */
  position:relative;
  background-color:white;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin:0; 
  border:0; /* required by pdf2htmlEX.js for page visibility test */
}
.pc { /* content of a page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
  /* set transform-origin for scaling */
  transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 0%;
}
.pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
  display:block;
}
.bf { /* images that occupies the whole page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
.bi { /* images that cover only a part of the page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
@media print {
  .pf {
    margin:0;
    box-shadow:none;
    page-break-after:always;
    page-break-inside:avoid;
  }
  @-moz-document url-prefix() {
    /* fix page truncation for FireFox */
    .pf {
      overflow:visible;
      border:1px solid #FFFFFF;
    }
    .pc {overflow:visible;}
  }
}
.c { /* clip box */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
}
.t { /* text line */
  position:absolute;
  white-space:pre;
  font-size:1px;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override;/* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
  -moz-font-feature-settings:"liga" 0;/* We don't want Firefox to recognize ligatures */
}
.t:after { /* webkit #35443 */
  content: '';
}
.t:before { /* Workaround Blink(up to 41)/Webkit bug of word-spacing with leading spaces (chromium #404444 and pdf2htmlEX #412) */
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
}
.t span { /* text blocks within a line */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with negative word-spacing and inline-block (pdf2htmlEX #416), so keep normal span inline. */
  position:relative;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override; /* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
}
._ { /* text shift */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with inline element, continuous spaces and word-spacing. Workaround by inline-block. */
  display: inline-block;
  color: transparent;
  z-index: -1;
}
/* selection background should not be opaque, for fallback mode */
::selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
::-moz-selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
.pi { /* info for Javascript */
  display:none;
}
.l { /* annotation links */
}
/* transparent color - WebKit */
.d { /* css drawing */
  position:absolute;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
}
/* for the forms */
.it {
  border: none;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.0);
}

.ir:hover {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Base CSS END */





/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Fancy styles for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
@keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@-webkit-keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@keyframes swing {
  0%  { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@-webkit-keyframes swing {
  0%  { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@media screen { 
  #sidebar {
    background-color:#2f3236;
    /* modified from http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#crossstripes */
    background-image:url("scieee-document-assets/asset_278c76fec4fbf2399910664b.svg");
  }
  #outline {
    font-family:Georgia,Times,"Times New Roman",serif;
    font-size:13px;
    margin:2em 1em;
  }
  #outline ul {
    padding:0;
  }
  #outline li {
    list-style-type:none;
    margin:1em 0;
  }
  #outline li > ul {
    margin-left: 1em;
  }
  #outline a,
  #outline a:visited,
  #outline a:hover,
  #outline a:active {
    line-height:1.2;
    color:#e8e8e8;
    text-overflow:ellipsis;
    white-space:nowrap;
    text-decoration:none;
    display:block;
    overflow:hidden;
    outline:0;
  }
  #outline a:hover {
    color:rgb(0,204,255);
  }
  #page-container {
    background-color:#9e9e9e;
    /* http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#thinstripes */
    background-image: url("scieee-document-assets/asset_c60347c0de373fe817019620.svg");
    -webkit-transition:left 500ms;
    transition:left 500ms;
  }
  .pf {
    margin: 13px auto;
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px 1px #333;
    /* Needed by IE to make box-shadow works * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow */
    border-collapse: separate;
  }
  .pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
    -webkit-animation: fadein 100ms;
    animation: fadein 100ms; 
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    /* 
     * use 0.01s instead of 0s,
     * since YUI Compressor will change 0s to 0,
     * which is not recognized by Firefox
     */
    -webkit-animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
    animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
  }
  .checked {
    background: no-repeat url(scieee-document-assets/asset_58a067f15ffcfc2435a4b346.png);
  }
}
/* Fancy CSS END */





.ff0{font-family:sans-serif;visibility:hidden;}
@font-face{font-family:ff1;src:url('chunks/assets/font_24de8d2f526caba553da8a13.woff2')format("woff");}.ff1{font-family:ff1;line-height:1.095703;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff2;src:url('chunks/assets/font_0eaad7f9e2622e61e48a8410.woff2')format("woff");}.ff2{font-family:ff2;line-height:0.910645;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff3;src:url('chunks/assets/font_416bc694c69afcee0f8eb2cd.woff2')format("woff");}.ff3{font-family:ff3;line-height:0.893555;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff4;src:url('chunks/assets/font_5673ab6421a42e1d8c10d551.woff2')format("woff");}.ff4{font-family:ff4;line-height:0.893555;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff5;src:url('chunks/assets/font_179b9e7dff1ece4f9d6466d0.woff2')format("woff");}.ff5{font-family:ff5;line-height:1.102051;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff6;src:url('chunks/assets/font_d534d9da81f556dbb1661266.woff2')format("woff");}.ff6{font-family:ff6;line-height:0.938965;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
.m0{transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.v3{vertical-align:-20.880000px;}
.v1{vertical-align:-10.800000px;}
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000px;}
.v2{vertical-align:20.880000px;}
.lsf{letter-spacing:-0.651384px;}
.ls11{letter-spacing:-0.609552px;}
.ls10{letter-spacing:-0.537840px;}
.ls15{letter-spacing:-0.478080px;}
.lse{letter-spacing:-0.358560px;}
.ls14{letter-spacing:-0.173304px;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:0.000000px;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:0.053784px;}
.ls13{letter-spacing:0.107568px;}
.lsb{letter-spacing:0.173304px;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:0.179280px;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:0.180000px;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:0.187440px;}
.ls12{letter-spacing:0.227088px;}
.lsc{letter-spacing:0.256968px;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:0.298800px;}
.lsa{letter-spacing:0.358560px;}
.lsd{letter-spacing:0.442224px;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:4.422000px;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:8.100000px;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:9.450000px;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:13.932000px;}
.sc_{text-shadow:none;}
.sc0{text-shadow:-0.015em 0 transparent,0 0.015em transparent,0.015em 0 transparent,0 -0.015em  transparent;}
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){
.sc_{-webkit-text-stroke:0px transparent;}
.sc0{-webkit-text-stroke:0.015em transparent;text-shadow:none;}
}
.ws1{word-spacing:-72.000000px;}
.ws2{word-spacing:-47.520000px;}
.ws9{word-spacing:-15.382224px;}
.ws0{word-spacing:-15.298560px;}
.ws8{word-spacing:-15.238800px;}
.wsa{word-spacing:-15.196968px;}
.wsd{word-spacing:-15.167088px;}
.ws6{word-spacing:-15.119280px;}
.ws7{word-spacing:-15.113304px;}
.wse{word-spacing:-15.047568px;}
.ws5{word-spacing:-14.993784px;}
.ws3{word-spacing:-14.940000px;}
.wsf{word-spacing:-14.766696px;}
.wsb{word-spacing:-14.581440px;}
.ws10{word-spacing:-14.461920px;}
.wsc{word-spacing:-14.330448px;}
.ws4{word-spacing:-9.720000px;}
.ws11{word-spacing:0.000000px;}
._8{margin-left:-2.462112px;}
._0{margin-left:-1.176000px;}
._1{width:1.107624px;}
._2{width:2.161248px;}
._3{width:3.979296px;}
._4{width:5.342520px;}
._6{width:6.735168px;}
._5{width:8.154240px;}
._7{width:9.478680px;}
._c{width:10.517136px;}
._a{width:12.852240px;}
._b{width:13.886544px;}
._9{width:24.437280px;}
.fc1{color:rgb(0,0,255);}
.fc0{color:rgb(0,0,0);}
.fs3{font-size:38.880000px;}
.fs2{font-size:47.520000px;}
.fs0{font-size:59.760000px;}
.fs1{font-size:72.000000px;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000px;}
.y2{bottom:79.560000px;}
.y2b{bottom:176.070000px;}
.y2a{bottom:193.170000px;}
.y29{bottom:210.450000px;}
.y28{bottom:245.011500px;}
.y27{bottom:262.252500px;}
.y26{bottom:279.493500px;}
.y25{bottom:296.734500px;}
.y24{bottom:313.975500px;}
.y23{bottom:331.216500px;}
.y22{bottom:348.457500px;}
.y21{bottom:365.698500px;}
.y20{bottom:382.939500px;}
.y1f{bottom:417.499500px;}
.y1e{bottom:434.743500px;}
.y1d{bottom:451.987500px;}
.y1c{bottom:469.231500px;}
.y1b{bottom:486.475500px;}
.y1a{bottom:503.719500px;}
.y19{bottom:520.999500px;}
.y18{bottom:538.254000px;}
.y17{bottom:555.508500px;}
.y16{bottom:572.763000px;}
.y15{bottom:590.017500px;}
.y14{bottom:607.272000px;}
.y13{bottom:624.526500px;}
.y12{bottom:641.806500px;}
.y11{bottom:659.067000px;}
.y10{bottom:676.327500px;}
.yf{bottom:693.588000px;}
.ye{bottom:710.848500px;}
.yd{bottom:728.109000px;}
.yc{bottom:745.369500px;}
.yb{bottom:762.630000px;}
.ya{bottom:797.010000px;}
.y9{bottom:814.290000px;}
.y8{bottom:831.570000px;}
.y7{bottom:848.850000px;}
.y6{bottom:871.350000px;}
.y5{bottom:892.230000px;}
.y4{bottom:919.230000px;}
.y3{bottom:939.930000px;}
.y1{bottom:972.540000px;}
.h6{height:34.209844px;}
.h9{height:40.501406px;}
.h8{height:41.522695px;}
.h7{height:43.215117px;}
.h4{height:48.796875px;}
.h3{height:50.027344px;}
.h5{height:52.319180px;}
.h2{height:52.581797px;}
.h1{height:1062.750000px;}
.h0{height:1063.080000px;}
.w0{width:748.440000px;}
.w1{width:748.500000px;}
.x0{left:0.000000px;}
.xc{left:106.416000px;}
.x5{left:108.756000px;}
.x6{left:122.976000px;}
.xb{left:127.656000px;}
.x8{left:149.436000px;}
.x9{left:154.650000px;}
.x3{left:159.639000px;}
.x7{left:268.635000px;}
.xa{left:290.235000px;}
.x4{left:314.988000px;}
.x1{left:618.450000px;}
.x2{left:627.270000px;}
@media print{
.v3{vertical-align:-18.560000pt;}
.v1{vertical-align:-9.600000pt;}
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000pt;}
.v2{vertical-align:18.560000pt;}
.lsf{letter-spacing:-0.579008pt;}
.ls11{letter-spacing:-0.541824pt;}
.ls10{letter-spacing:-0.478080pt;}
.ls15{letter-spacing:-0.424960pt;}
.lse{letter-spacing:-0.318720pt;}
.ls14{letter-spacing:-0.154048pt;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:0.000000pt;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:0.047808pt;}
.ls13{letter-spacing:0.095616pt;}
.lsb{letter-spacing:0.154048pt;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:0.159360pt;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:0.160000pt;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:0.166613pt;}
.ls12{letter-spacing:0.201856pt;}
.lsc{letter-spacing:0.228416pt;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:0.265600pt;}
.lsa{letter-spacing:0.318720pt;}
.lsd{letter-spacing:0.393088pt;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:3.930667pt;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:7.200000pt;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:8.400000pt;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:12.384000pt;}
.ws1{word-spacing:-64.000000pt;}
.ws2{word-spacing:-42.240000pt;}
.ws9{word-spacing:-13.673088pt;}
.ws0{word-spacing:-13.598720pt;}
.ws8{word-spacing:-13.545600pt;}
.wsa{word-spacing:-13.508416pt;}
.wsd{word-spacing:-13.481856pt;}
.ws6{word-spacing:-13.439360pt;}
.ws7{word-spacing:-13.434048pt;}
.wse{word-spacing:-13.375616pt;}
.ws5{word-spacing:-13.327808pt;}
.ws3{word-spacing:-13.280000pt;}
.wsf{word-spacing:-13.125952pt;}
.wsb{word-spacing:-12.961280pt;}
.ws10{word-spacing:-12.855040pt;}
.wsc{word-spacing:-12.738176pt;}
.ws4{word-spacing:-8.640000pt;}
.ws11{word-spacing:0.000000pt;}
._8{margin-left:-2.188544pt;}
._0{margin-left:-1.045333pt;}
._1{width:0.984555pt;}
._2{width:1.921109pt;}
._3{width:3.537152pt;}
._4{width:4.748907pt;}
._6{width:5.986816pt;}
._5{width:7.248213pt;}
._7{width:8.425493pt;}
._c{width:9.348565pt;}
._a{width:11.424213pt;}
._b{width:12.343595pt;}
._9{width:21.722027pt;}
.fs3{font-size:34.560000pt;}
.fs2{font-size:42.240000pt;}
.fs0{font-size:53.120000pt;}
.fs1{font-size:64.000000pt;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000pt;}
.y2{bottom:70.720000pt;}
.y2b{bottom:156.506667pt;}
.y2a{bottom:171.706667pt;}
.y29{bottom:187.066667pt;}
.y28{bottom:217.788000pt;}
.y27{bottom:233.113333pt;}
.y26{bottom:248.438667pt;}
.y25{bottom:263.764000pt;}
.y24{bottom:279.089333pt;}
.y23{bottom:294.414667pt;}
.y22{bottom:309.740000pt;}
.y21{bottom:325.065333pt;}
.y20{bottom:340.390667pt;}
.y1f{bottom:371.110667pt;}
.y1e{bottom:386.438667pt;}
.y1d{bottom:401.766667pt;}
.y1c{bottom:417.094667pt;}
.y1b{bottom:432.422667pt;}
.y1a{bottom:447.750667pt;}
.y19{bottom:463.110667pt;}
.y18{bottom:478.448000pt;}
.y17{bottom:493.785333pt;}
.y16{bottom:509.122667pt;}
.y15{bottom:524.460000pt;}
.y14{bottom:539.797333pt;}
.y13{bottom:555.134667pt;}
.y12{bottom:570.494667pt;}
.y11{bottom:585.837333pt;}
.y10{bottom:601.180000pt;}
.yf{bottom:616.522667pt;}
.ye{bottom:631.865333pt;}
.yd{bottom:647.208000pt;}
.yc{bottom:662.550667pt;}
.yb{bottom:677.893333pt;}
.ya{bottom:708.453333pt;}
.y9{bottom:723.813333pt;}
.y8{bottom:739.173333pt;}
.y7{bottom:754.533333pt;}
.y6{bottom:774.533333pt;}
.y5{bottom:793.093333pt;}
.y4{bottom:817.093333pt;}
.y3{bottom:835.493333pt;}
.y1{bottom:864.480000pt;}
.h6{height:30.408750pt;}
.h9{height:36.001250pt;}
.h8{height:36.909063pt;}
.h7{height:38.413438pt;}
.h4{height:43.375000pt;}
.h3{height:44.468750pt;}
.h5{height:46.505938pt;}
.h2{height:46.739375pt;}
.h1{height:944.666667pt;}
.h0{height:944.960000pt;}
.w0{width:665.280000pt;}
.w1{width:665.333333pt;}
.x0{left:0.000000pt;}
.xc{left:94.592000pt;}
.x5{left:96.672000pt;}
.x6{left:109.312000pt;}
.xb{left:113.472000pt;}
.x8{left:132.832000pt;}
.x9{left:137.466667pt;}
.x3{left:141.901333pt;}
.x7{left:238.786667pt;}
.xa{left:257.986667pt;}
.x4{left:279.989333pt;}
.x1{left:549.733333pt;}
.x2{left:557.573333pt;}
}




    .paper-inline-ad { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 13px auto; max-width: 100%; min-height: 120px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; overflow: hidden; }
    .paper-inline-ad-label { padding: 6px 10px 0 10px; font: 10px system-ui, sans-serif; color: #9ca3af; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; }
    .paper-inline-ad-slot { min-height: 100px; }
    .paper-inline-ad--internal { padding: 0; }
    .paper-internal-promo { padding: 14px 16px 16px 16px; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; line-height: 1.45; color: #374151; }
    .paper-internal-promo-title { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 800; color: #111827; margin-bottom: 7px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-body { margin-bottom: 12px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions a { display: inline-block; padding: 7px 10px; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none; color: #111827; background: #f9fafb; font-weight: 700; }