body { margin: 0; background: #f3f4f6; overflow-x: hidden; }
    #page-container { position: relative; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; overflow: visible; max-width: 100%; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk { display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 100%; margin: 0 auto 24px auto; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: visible; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk-content { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; box-sizing: border-box; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk style { display: none !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-placeholder { width: 100%; max-width: 900px; margin: 12px auto; padding: 18px; box-sizing: border-box; background: #fff; color: #6b7280; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; text-align: center; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded { min-height: 0 !important; }
    .scieee-lazy-chunk.is-loaded > .scieee-lazy-placeholder { display: none; }
    .pf { margin-left: auto !important; margin-right: auto !important; }
  



/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Base CSS for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
/* Part 1: Web Page Layout: Free to modify, except for a few of them which are required by pdf2htmlEX.js, see the comments */
#sidebar { /* Sidebar */
  position:absolute;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:250px;
  padding:0;
  margin:0px;
  overflow:auto;
}
#page-container { /* PDF container */
  position:absolute; /* required for calculating relative positions of pages in pdf2htmlEX.js */
  top:0;
  left:0px;
  margin:0; 
  padding:0;
  border:0; /* required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test) */
}
@media screen {
  /* for sidebar */
  #sidebar.opened + #page-container { left:250px; }
  #page-container {
    /* `bottom' and `right' are required for lazy page loading in pdf2htmlEX.js (page visibility test)
     * alternatively you may set width and height
     */
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
    overflow:auto;
  }
  .loading-indicator {
    display:none;
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    display:block;
    position:absolute;
    width:64px;
    height:64px;
    top:50%;
    left:50%;
    margin-top:-32px;
    margin-left:-32px;
  }
  .loading-indicator img {
    position:absolute;
    top:0;
    left:0;
    bottom:0;
    right:0;
  }
}
@media print { 
  @page { margin:0; }
  html { margin:0; }
  body { 
    margin:0; 
    -webkit-print-color-adjust:exact; /* enable printing background images for WebKit */
  }
  #sidebar { display:none; }
  #page-container {
    width:auto;
    height:auto;
    overflow:visible;
    background-color:transparent;
  }
  .d { display:none; }
}
/* Part 2: Page Elements: Modify with caution
 * The followings are base classes, some of which are meant to be override by PDF specific classes
 * So do not increase the specificity (e.g. ".classname" -> "#page-container .classname")
 */
.pf { /* page */
  position:relative;
  background-color:white;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin:0; 
  border:0; /* required by pdf2htmlEX.js for page visibility test */
}
.pc { /* content of a page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  left:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
  /* set transform-origin for scaling */
  transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 0%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 0%;
}
.pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
  display:block;
}
.bf { /* images that occupies the whole page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  top:0;
  bottom:0;
  width:100%;
  height:100%;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
.bi { /* images that cover only a part of the page */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  margin:0;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:none;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}
@media print {
  .pf {
    margin:0;
    box-shadow:none;
    page-break-after:always;
    page-break-inside:avoid;
  }
  @-moz-document url-prefix() {
    /* fix page truncation for FireFox */
    .pf {
      overflow:visible;
      border:1px solid #FFFFFF;
    }
    .pc {overflow:visible;}
  }
}
.c { /* clip box */
  position:absolute;
  border:0;
  padding:0;
  margin:0;
  overflow:hidden;
  display:block;
}
.t { /* text line */
  position:absolute;
  white-space:pre;
  font-size:1px;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override;/* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
  -moz-font-feature-settings:"liga" 0;/* We don't want Firefox to recognize ligatures */
}
.t:after { /* webkit #35443 */
  content: '';
}
.t:before { /* Workaround Blink(up to 41)/Webkit bug of word-spacing with leading spaces (chromium #404444 and pdf2htmlEX #412) */
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
}
.t span { /* text blocks within a line */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with negative word-spacing and inline-block (pdf2htmlEX #416), so keep normal span inline. */
  position:relative;
  unicode-bidi:bidi-override; /* For rtl languages, e.g. Hebrew, we don't want the default Unicode behaviour */
}
._ { /* text shift */
  /* Blink(up to 41)/Webkit have bug with inline element, continuous spaces and word-spacing. Workaround by inline-block. */
  display: inline-block;
  color: transparent;
  z-index: -1;
}
/* selection background should not be opaque, for fallback mode */
::selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
::-moz-selection{
  background: rgba(127,255,255,0.4);
}
.pi { /* info for Javascript */
  display:none;
}
.l { /* annotation links */
}
/* transparent color - WebKit */
.d { /* css drawing */
  position:absolute;
  transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -ms-transform-origin:0% 100%;
  -webkit-transform-origin:0% 100%;
}
/* for the forms */
.it {
  border: none;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.0);
}

.ir:hover {
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Base CSS END */





/* vim: set shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2 autoindent cindent expandtab filetype=css: */
/*! 
 * Fancy styles for pdf2htmlEX
 * Copyright 2012,2013 Lu Wang <coolwanglu@gmail.com> 
 * https://github.com/pdf2htmlEX/pdf2htmlEX/blob/master/share/LICENSE
 */
@keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@-webkit-keyframes fadein { from { opacity:0;} to { opacity:1;} }
@keyframes swing {
  0%  { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@-webkit-keyframes swing {
  0%  { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  10% { -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg); }
  90% { -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
  100%{ -webkit-transform: rotate(720deg); }
}
@media screen { 
  #sidebar {
    background-color:#2f3236;
    /* modified from http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#crossstripes */
    background-image:url("scieee-document-assets/asset_278c76fec4fbf2399910664b.svg");
  }
  #outline {
    font-family:Georgia,Times,"Times New Roman",serif;
    font-size:13px;
    margin:2em 1em;
  }
  #outline ul {
    padding:0;
  }
  #outline li {
    list-style-type:none;
    margin:1em 0;
  }
  #outline li > ul {
    margin-left: 1em;
  }
  #outline a,
  #outline a:visited,
  #outline a:hover,
  #outline a:active {
    line-height:1.2;
    color:#e8e8e8;
    text-overflow:ellipsis;
    white-space:nowrap;
    text-decoration:none;
    display:block;
    overflow:hidden;
    outline:0;
  }
  #outline a:hover {
    color:rgb(0,204,255);
  }
  #page-container {
    background-color:#9e9e9e;
    /* http://philbit.com/svgpatterns/#thinstripes */
    background-image: url("scieee-document-assets/asset_c60347c0de373fe817019620.svg");
    -webkit-transition:left 500ms;
    transition:left 500ms;
  }
  .pf {
    margin: 13px auto;
    box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px 1px #333;
    /* Needed by IE to make box-shadow works * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/box-shadow */
    border-collapse: separate;
  }
  .pc.opened { /* used by pdf2htmlEX.js, to show/hide pages */
    -webkit-animation: fadein 100ms;
    animation: fadein 100ms; 
  }
  .loading-indicator.active {
    /* 
     * use 0.01s instead of 0s,
     * since YUI Compressor will change 0s to 0,
     * which is not recognized by Firefox
     */
    -webkit-animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
    animation: swing 1.5s ease-in-out 0.01s infinite alternate none;
  }
  .checked {
    background: no-repeat url(scieee-document-assets/asset_58a067f15ffcfc2435a4b346.png);
  }
}
/* Fancy CSS END */





.ff0{font-family:sans-serif;visibility:hidden;}
@font-face{font-family:ff1;src:url('chunks/assets/font_c57ff88d97aa69b21357484a.woff2')format("woff");}.ff1{font-family:ff1;line-height:0.973145;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff2;src:url('chunks/assets/font_8000ddb102cf558afc956cc5.woff2')format("woff");}.ff2{font-family:ff2;line-height:0.973145;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff3;src:url('chunks/assets/font_78885a17bbdebb3ae30ea64a.woff2')format("woff");}.ff3{font-family:ff3;line-height:0.722656;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff4;src:url('chunks/assets/font_40f97019643ddae66541a960.woff2')format("woff");}.ff4{font-family:ff4;line-height:0.717285;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff5;src:url('chunks/assets/font_9321ee7de5da2bea98ad70c0.woff2')format("woff");}.ff5{font-family:ff5;line-height:0.722656;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
@font-face{font-family:ff6;src:url('chunks/assets/font_2f089efdd5d5c7ba0fca4c03.woff2')format("woff");}.ff6{font-family:ff6;line-height:0.750000;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;visibility:visible;font-variant-ligatures:none;font-feature-settings: "liga" 0, "clig" 0, "dlig" 0, "hlig" 0, "calt" 0;}
.m0{transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-ms-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);-webkit-transform:matrix(0.250000,0.000000,0.000000,0.250000,0,0);}
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000px;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:0.000000px;}
.lsb{letter-spacing:0.010200px;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:0.010433px;}
.lsf{letter-spacing:0.014400px;}
.ls10{letter-spacing:0.019800px;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:0.027360px;}
.lse{letter-spacing:0.028800px;}
.lsd{letter-spacing:0.032400px;}
.ls12{letter-spacing:2.170800px;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:14.934000px;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:14.961600px;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:14.983200px;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:14.997600px;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:15.004800px;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:15.025200px;}
.lsc{letter-spacing:15.289920px;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:34.146480px;}
.lsa{letter-spacing:34.417568px;}
.ls11{letter-spacing:35.270820px;}
.sc_{text-shadow:none;}
.sc0{text-shadow:-0.015em 0 transparent,0 0.015em transparent,0.015em 0 transparent,0 -0.015em  transparent;}
@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0){
.sc_{-webkit-text-stroke:0px transparent;}
.sc0{-webkit-text-stroke:0.015em transparent;text-shadow:none;}
}
.ws0{word-spacing:-43.890000px;}
.ws1{word-spacing:-33.292800px;}
.ws2{word-spacing:0.000000px;}
._5{margin-left:-2.268000px;}
._3{margin-left:-1.134000px;}
._0{width:1.008000px;}
._1{width:18.873000px;}
._2{width:21.252000px;}
._4{width:80.028000px;}
.fc4{color:rgb(204,180,0);}
.fc3{color:rgb(0,0,0);}
.fc2{color:rgb(123,152,153);}
.fc1{color:rgb(209,99,73);}
.fc5{color:rgb(140,173,174);}
.fc0{color:rgb(100,107,134);}
.fs2{font-size:72.000000px;}
.fs0{font-size:90.000000px;}
.fs8{font-size:92.399940px;}
.fsb{font-size:96.000000px;}
.fs1{font-size:114.000000px;}
.fsa{font-size:120.000000px;}
.fs9{font-size:132.000000px;}
.fs6{font-size:137.700000px;}
.fs5{font-size:144.000000px;}
.fs7{font-size:162.000000px;}
.fs3{font-size:168.000000px;}
.fsc{font-size:198.000000px;}
.fs4{font-size:252.000000px;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000px;}
.y27{bottom:29.022705px;}
.y1{bottom:41.263680px;}
.y26{bottom:57.522690px;}
.y18{bottom:82.619985px;}
.y22{bottom:109.319970px;}
.y17{bottom:126.239970px;}
.y25{bottom:149.501370px;}
.y30{bottom:151.739970px;}
.y21{bottom:157.739970px;}
.y16{bottom:158.039985px;}
.y24{bottom:178.001370px;}
.y20{bottom:196.739970px;}
.y15{bottom:198.239970px;}
.y2f{bottom:200.519970px;}
.y14{bottom:230.039985px;}
.y1f{bottom:236.819970px;}
.y13{bottom:270.119985px;}
.y1e{bottom:284.819970px;}
.y9{bottom:286.199983px;}
.y8{bottom:302.879970px;}
.y2e{bottom:304.319970px;}
.y7{bottom:325.199983px;}
.y1d{bottom:332.519970px;}
.y6{bottom:341.879970px;}
.y2d{bottom:352.319970px;}
.y12{bottom:359.069970px;}
.y5{bottom:362.879970px;}
.y4{bottom:386.459985px;}
.y2c{bottom:400.319970px;}
.y3{bottom:420.959985px;}
.y1c{bottom:438.239970px;}
.y2b{bottom:447.239970px;}
.y2{bottom:453.599970px;}
.y11{bottom:455.039985px;}
.y1b{bottom:476.819970px;}
.y2a{bottom:487.319970px;}
.y10{bottom:490.619985px;}
.y1a{bottom:526.019970px;}
.y29{bottom:535.739970px;}
.yc{bottom:572.099970px;}
.y19{bottom:583.739820px;}
.yf{bottom:587.789835px;}
.yb{bottom:623.099970px;}
.ya{bottom:672.599970px;}
.y23{bottom:705.959820px;}
.ye{bottom:707.159820px;}
.y28{bottom:708.659820px;}
.yd{bottom:749.159820px;}
.h4{height:54.457031px;}
.h2{height:68.071289px;}
.hb{height:72.609375px;}
.h3{height:86.223633px;}
.ha{height:90.761719px;}
.h9{height:99.837891px;}
.h7{height:108.914062px;}
.h8{height:122.528320px;}
.h5{height:127.066406px;}
.hc{height:149.756836px;}
.h6{height:190.599609px;}
.h1{height:810.000000px;}
.h0{height:892.500000px;}
.w1{width:1079.999850px;}
.w0{width:1263.000000px;}
.x0{left:0.000000px;}
.xf{left:46.440000px;}
.xd{left:63.238830px;}
.x10{left:77.939955px;}
.x1{left:91.445445px;}
.x11{left:110.939955px;}
.xb{left:116.044590px;}
.x16{left:136.174905px;}
.x12{left:142.439955px;}
.xa{left:172.902495px;}
.x14{left:184.390605px;}
.x13{left:214.349250px;}
.x6{left:224.331690px;}
.x15{left:229.158750px;}
.x8{left:245.520660px;}
.xe{left:248.846250px;}
.xc{left:290.360955px;}
.x9{left:350.602755px;}
.x17{left:374.116800px;}
.x19{left:394.956750px;}
.x3{left:396.233655px;}
.x4{left:410.730555px;}
.x18{left:471.235950px;}
.x7{left:483.582705px;}
.x2{left:532.712055px;}
.x5{left:533.854605px;}
@media print{
.v0{vertical-align:0.000000pt;}
.ls6{letter-spacing:0.000000pt;}
.lsb{letter-spacing:0.009067pt;}
.ls9{letter-spacing:0.009274pt;}
.lsf{letter-spacing:0.012800pt;}
.ls10{letter-spacing:0.017600pt;}
.ls7{letter-spacing:0.024320pt;}
.lse{letter-spacing:0.025600pt;}
.lsd{letter-spacing:0.028800pt;}
.ls12{letter-spacing:1.929600pt;}
.ls0{letter-spacing:13.274667pt;}
.ls4{letter-spacing:13.299200pt;}
.ls2{letter-spacing:13.318400pt;}
.ls3{letter-spacing:13.331200pt;}
.ls5{letter-spacing:13.337600pt;}
.ls1{letter-spacing:13.355733pt;}
.lsc{letter-spacing:13.591040pt;}
.ls8{letter-spacing:30.352427pt;}
.lsa{letter-spacing:30.593394pt;}
.ls11{letter-spacing:31.351840pt;}
.ws0{word-spacing:-39.013333pt;}
.ws1{word-spacing:-29.593600pt;}
.ws2{word-spacing:0.000000pt;}
._5{margin-left:-2.016000pt;}
._3{margin-left:-1.008000pt;}
._0{width:0.896000pt;}
._1{width:16.776000pt;}
._2{width:18.890667pt;}
._4{width:71.136000pt;}
.fs2{font-size:64.000000pt;}
.fs0{font-size:80.000000pt;}
.fs8{font-size:82.133280pt;}
.fsb{font-size:85.333333pt;}
.fs1{font-size:101.333333pt;}
.fsa{font-size:106.666667pt;}
.fs9{font-size:117.333333pt;}
.fs6{font-size:122.400000pt;}
.fs5{font-size:128.000000pt;}
.fs7{font-size:144.000000pt;}
.fs3{font-size:149.333333pt;}
.fsc{font-size:176.000000pt;}
.fs4{font-size:224.000000pt;}
.y0{bottom:0.000000pt;}
.y27{bottom:25.797960pt;}
.y1{bottom:36.678827pt;}
.y26{bottom:51.131280pt;}
.y18{bottom:73.439987pt;}
.y22{bottom:97.173307pt;}
.y17{bottom:112.213307pt;}
.y25{bottom:132.890107pt;}
.y30{bottom:134.879973pt;}
.y21{bottom:140.213307pt;}
.y16{bottom:140.479987pt;}
.y24{bottom:158.223440pt;}
.y20{bottom:174.879973pt;}
.y15{bottom:176.213307pt;}
.y2f{bottom:178.239973pt;}
.y14{bottom:204.479987pt;}
.y1f{bottom:210.506640pt;}
.y13{bottom:240.106653pt;}
.y1e{bottom:253.173307pt;}
.y9{bottom:254.399985pt;}
.y8{bottom:269.226640pt;}
.y2e{bottom:270.506640pt;}
.y7{bottom:289.066652pt;}
.y1d{bottom:295.573307pt;}
.y6{bottom:303.893307pt;}
.y2d{bottom:313.173307pt;}
.y12{bottom:319.173307pt;}
.y5{bottom:322.559973pt;}
.y4{bottom:343.519987pt;}
.y2c{bottom:355.839973pt;}
.y3{bottom:374.186653pt;}
.y1c{bottom:389.546640pt;}
.y2b{bottom:397.546640pt;}
.y2{bottom:403.199973pt;}
.y11{bottom:404.479987pt;}
.y1b{bottom:423.839973pt;}
.y2a{bottom:433.173307pt;}
.y10{bottom:436.106653pt;}
.y1a{bottom:467.573307pt;}
.y29{bottom:476.213307pt;}
.yc{bottom:508.533307pt;}
.y19{bottom:518.879840pt;}
.yf{bottom:522.479853pt;}
.yb{bottom:553.866640pt;}
.ya{bottom:597.866640pt;}
.y23{bottom:627.519840pt;}
.ye{bottom:628.586507pt;}
.y28{bottom:629.919840pt;}
.yd{bottom:665.919840pt;}
.h4{height:48.406250pt;}
.h2{height:60.507812pt;}
.hb{height:64.541667pt;}
.h3{height:76.643229pt;}
.ha{height:80.677083pt;}
.h9{height:88.744792pt;}
.h7{height:96.812500pt;}
.h8{height:108.914062pt;}
.h5{height:112.947917pt;}
.hc{height:133.117188pt;}
.h6{height:169.421875pt;}
.h1{height:720.000000pt;}
.h0{height:793.333333pt;}
.w1{width:959.999867pt;}
.w0{width:1122.666667pt;}
.x0{left:0.000000pt;}
.xf{left:41.280000pt;}
.xd{left:56.212293pt;}
.x10{left:69.279960pt;}
.x1{left:81.284840pt;}
.x11{left:98.613293pt;}
.xb{left:103.150747pt;}
.x16{left:121.044360pt;}
.x12{left:126.613293pt;}
.xa{left:153.691107pt;}
.x14{left:163.902760pt;}
.x13{left:190.532667pt;}
.x6{left:199.405947pt;}
.x15{left:203.696667pt;}
.x8{left:218.240587pt;}
.xe{left:221.196667pt;}
.xc{left:258.098627pt;}
.x9{left:311.646893pt;}
.x17{left:332.548267pt;}
.x19{left:351.072667pt;}
.x3{left:352.207693pt;}
.x4{left:365.093827pt;}
.x18{left:418.876400pt;}
.x7{left:429.851293pt;}
.x2{left:473.521827pt;}
.x5{left:474.537427pt;}
}




    .paper-inline-ad { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 13px auto; max-width: 100%; min-height: 120px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; overflow: hidden; }
    .paper-inline-ad-label { padding: 6px 10px 0 10px; font: 10px system-ui, sans-serif; color: #9ca3af; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .04em; }
    .paper-inline-ad-slot { min-height: 100px; }
    .paper-inline-ad--internal { padding: 0; }
    .paper-internal-promo { padding: 14px 16px 16px 16px; font: 13px system-ui, sans-serif; line-height: 1.45; color: #374151; }
    .paper-internal-promo-title { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 800; color: #111827; margin-bottom: 7px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-body { margin-bottom: 12px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
    .paper-internal-promo-actions a { display: inline-block; padding: 7px 10px; border: 1px solid #d1d5db; border-radius: 8px; text-decoration: none; color: #111827; background: #f9fafb; font-weight: 700; }